专题33+词汇（一）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

专题33+词汇（一）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

‎ ‎ ‎ 词汇部分主要讲动词和动词短语、名词、形容词及副词。‎ ‎ 考点一 动词和动词短语 近年来高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要是考查四个动词或动词短语哪个符合题干的意思，形式上可以是谓语动词，也可以是现在分词、过去分词或动名词。考生只要弄懂题干的意思及各选项的意思，便可轻松答题。‎ 考生要牢记常用的动词或动词短语的意义及习惯搭配。‎ ‎1. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confident about her skills. （2018天津）‎ A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. It took him a long time to ________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.（2018天津）‎ A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他花了很长时间才获得成为专业舞蹈家所需的技艺。acquire意为“获得”，符合句意。。‎ ‎3. Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see. （2018江苏） A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们所看到的事情。imitate意为“模仿”，符合句意。‎ ‎4. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable. （2018江苏） A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。call for意为“需要”，符合句意。‎ ‎5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _________, get married, and have kids. ‎ ‎（2017天津）‎ A. settle down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎6. Working with the medical team in Africa has ________ the best in her as a doctor. （2017江苏）‎ A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out 【答案】B ‎【解析】与医疗队在非洲一块工作让她把自己作为医生最好的一面表现了出来。bring out意为“呈现”，符合句意。‎ ‎ 考点二 名词 ‎ 对于名词、形容词和副词的考查仍然是考查对句意的理解及词义记忆和辨析。考生只要理解了句意，弄清楚选项的词义，这类题目的题就很容易做对。‎ ‎1. The __________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. （2018天津）‎ A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直以来激励着科学家们探索外层空间。posibility意为“可能性”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.（2018江苏） A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：尽量去理解实际发生的事情，而不要按照你所做出的假设去行事。assumption意为“假设”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight ___________ of rain later tonight. ‎ ‎（2016天津） A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance 【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎4. —Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life? （2016江苏） —Living every day to the full, definitely. A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt 【答案】A ‎【解析】问句意为：你能告诉我们你快乐和长寿的秘诀吗？recipe在此意为“秘诀”，符合句意。‎ ‎ 考点三 形容词 ‎1. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff. （2018江苏）‎ A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿为员工提供足够的培训进行投入。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment. （2017天津）‎ ‎—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.‎ A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】答语意为：对不起，你现在还不能见他，因为会议还没有结束。available意为“可得到的，可获得的”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated ____________ PCs in sales. ‎ ‎（2017江苏） A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】乔布斯才刚刚去世五年后，智能手机就在销售方面击败了传统的个人电脑。conventional意为“传统的”，符合句意。‎ ‎4. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _________ explanations are hard to find. （2017江苏） A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. His comprehensive surveys have provided the most ________ statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected. （2016江苏） A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他的广泛调查就数据是如何、基于什么采集的提供了最为清晰的说明。explicit意为“清晰的”，符合句意。‎ ‎ 考点四 副词 ‎1. The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. （2015湖北）‎ A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：那个女孩过去很害羞,但现在团队合作越来越积极,(比以前)更愿愿意表达自己。gradually意为“逐渐地”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _____ alive. （2015浙江）‎ A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】我们大多数人，如果了解哪怕是一点点有关食物来自哪里，都会明白放在我们嘴里的每一口食物之前都是活着的。formerly意为“以前地”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ______.（2014浙江）‎ ‎ A. blindly B. unwillingly C. closely D. carefully ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．It’s our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ____ , supply more jobs. （2014安徽）‎ A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】我们希望在市场上有更大的作为，因此提供更多的工作。therefor意为“因此”，符合句意。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 巩固练习：‎ ‎1. — How about your journey to Mount Emei?‎ ‎— Everything was wonderful except that our car__________ twice on the way.‎ A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】break down意为“抛锚，出故障”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. We are at your service. Don’t __________ to turn to us if you have any further problems.‎ A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】hesitate意为“迟疑，犹豫”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to __________ all nations to take immediate action.‎ A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】call on sb to do sth意为“号召某人做某事”。‎ ‎4. The good thing about children is that they __________ very easily to new environments. ‎ A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】由new environments可知，这里指“适应新环境”，故用adapt。‎ ‎5. I’m trying to break the __________ of getting up too late. ‎ A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】“起床晚”是一种习惯，故用habit。‎ ‎6. — He says that my new car is a __________ of money. ‎ ‎— Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?‎ A. lack B. load C. question D. waste ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】a waste of money意为“浪费钱”，符合句意。‎ ‎7. China has got a good __________ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. ‎ A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】get a good reputation意为“获得好名声”，符合句意。‎ ‎8. I’m sure that your letter will get ________ attention. They know you are waiting for the reply. ‎ A. continued B. immediate C. careful D. general ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9. I’m not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a __________ imagination. ‎ A. clear B. cautious C. funny D. vivid ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他成了作家，我一点也不惊讶。孩提时他就具有生动的想象力。vivid意为“生动的，逼真的”，符合句意。‎ ‎10. John is very __________. — if he promises to do something he’ll do it. ‎ A. independent B. confident C. reliable D. flexible ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎11. Peter has been out of work and it is not __________ that he will be able to find one within a short time.‎ A. easily B. lonely C. nearly D. likely ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】it is likely that ... 为固定句式，意为“……是可能的”。that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。‎ ‎12. Since Tom __________ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now. ‎ A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】由常识可知，下载病毒应该是偶然的。acci dentally意为“偶然地”，符合句意。‎ ‎13. It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so __________. ‎ A. far B. well C. little D. badly ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意为：“对他来说跟我比赛很难，输赢对我无所谓，但对他来说，他太需要赢了。”so badly相当于very much。‎ ‎14. Although the country has had political independence for over a century, __________ it needs the support of its neighbors. ‎ A. naturally B. economically C. especially D. luckily ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】由句意可知，经济上需要得到支持。economically意为“经济上”，符合句意。‎ ‎15. He began to take political science __________ only when he left school. ‎ A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】take ... seriously意为“认真对待……”。‎ ‎ ‎