【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之二学案（18页word版含有解析）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之二学案（18页word版含有解析）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空专题10篇训练之二 ‎【1】‎ The gorilla (大猩猩) is a shy creature and seldom violent. In fact, it is quite different from the 61. ________ (danger) animal we sometimes see in films and comic books. It only stands up on two legs and beats its chest if it 62. ________ (want) to frighten an enemy away.‎ Gorillas are the largest and most powerful of all the apes (猿). Adult males reach an average 63. ________ (high) of 150-170cm and weight from 135 to 230kg. Females are smaller. Both males 64. ________ females are extremely strong and can tear down branches and pull up small trees. They spend their days quietly searching for food or 65. ________ (rest) in the warm sun. Gorillas like to eat leaves and flowers, sometimes fruit is 66. ________ important part of their diets. They generally live in groups. Usually this group 67. ________ (make) up of one adult male, many adult females and their children.‎ ‎68. ________ (unfortunate), there are few of these animals 69. ________ (leave) in the wild. This is mainly because people are cutting down the forests in 70. ________ gorillas live. If we want to save the gorilla, we must take action now.‎ ‎61. dangerous       62. wants              63. height       ‎ ‎64. and                  65. resting             66. an         ‎ ‎67. is made          68. Unfortunately   69. left   ‎ ‎70. which 答案 ‎61. dangerous。考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰animal，表示“危险的”，故填dangerous。 ‎ ‎62. wants。考查一般现在时。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填wants。 ‎ ‎63. height。考查名词。设空处前面有an average限定，应用名词，故填height。 ‎ ‎64. and。考查连词。both ... and ... 意为“二者都”。 ‎ ‎65. resting。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。 ‎ ‎66. an。考查不定冠词。be an important part of 意为“是……的重要部分”。 ‎ ‎67. is made。考查被动语态。be made up of 意为“由……组成”。 ‎ ‎68. Unfortunately。考查副词。设空处修饰后面的整个句子，故填Unfortunately。 ‎ ‎69. left。 考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰animals，因animals与leave之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填left。 ‎ ‎70. which。考查关系代词。 此处是“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词forests，故填which。‎ ‎【2】‎ Day after day, a small blue truck speeds along the streets of Funen. A dog sits beside the driver, looking at him as if 61 (listen) to his order. Whenever the truck goes by, the people of Funen tum and stare, some in wonder, others in admiration; for on its sides 62 (print) the words TRACKER DOC and a telephone number. ‎ Yes, the passenger in the blue truck is a dog that 63 ( be) used to find lost things or follow the tracks of persons and animals. Within seven years, the dog and his 64 (own) Anderson have found lost things worth nearly $400,000，among 65 are watches, jewelry, money, cows, pigs, and other dogs. Of course, the secret of the dog is his sensitive nose.‎ Each year the dog and Anderson answer about 700 calls 66 help. Four out of five times they find what they are asked to look for. Whenever the phone rings in Anderson’s house, the dog is 67 (immediate) excited. He quickly runs to the truck, eager to be off in search of the 68(lose). ‎ On the way, Anderson repeats again and again the names of 69 they are looking for. So by the time they arrive, the dog is ready 70(get) to ‎ work. He circles here and there until he picks up the smell of an object in a place where it doesn’t belong.‎ 答案 ‎61. listening 62. are printed 63. is 64. owner 65. which ‎66. for 67. immediately 68. lost 69. what 70. to get ‎【3】‎ ‎ In many places like Britain and Italy, if you leave the house without your wallet, you'll be 61 a difficult situation all day. But in China's largest cities, you can enjoy your day just with a smartphone.‎ ‎ The other day,I set out 62 (see) how far a phone would get me in the country's capital. Admittedly,1 was surprised to discover how 63 (convenience) it was.‎ ‎ I used my phone to call a taxi to meet my Chinese friend, Zhang Ming, 64 would guide me to get around Beijing. We paid for breakfast by 6 5 (scan)a QR code on the window of a restaurant selling pancakes, one of China's most popular street breakfasts. My purchase cost 6 yuan and 66 (take) just a few seconds. At a nearby coffee shop, 67 (it) owner scanned a QR code on my phone. As we sipped <小口喝）our coffee, Zhang Ming paid her household water bill. She used the same simple process to pay other bills and even her rent. We also paid by phone for the Taxi, movie tickets and food 68 ‎ ‎ (deliver).‎ ‎ I have known from Zhang Ming that from tiny street stands to large chains, 69 amazing number of people accept mobile payment, 70 (most) through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.‎ 答案 ‎61．in【解析】in a…situation，意味“处于某种处境”。‎ ‎62．to see【解析】考查动词固定搭配。set out to do表示“着手做某事；开始做……”。‎ ‎63．convenient【解析】考查形容词。How+ adj．用以形容程度。‎ ‎64．who【解析】考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，且先行词为人，只能用who，不可用that。‎ ‎65．scanning【解析】考查动介搭配。by是介词，后接动名词，scan变形需双写。‎ ‎66．took【解析】考查动词时态。and并列两个谓语动词，时态需保持一致。cost - cost - cost，经上下文判 cost为过去式，所以填空处take也应填写过去时，take-took-taken。‎ ‎67．its【解析】考查代词。其后为名词owner，应填写形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。‎ ‎68．delivery【解析】food delivery意为“外卖点餐”。‎ ‎69．an【解析】考查冠词。an amazing number of.…表示“多到令人惊讶的”。‎ ‎70．mostly【解析】考查副词。此处介词短语用副词mostly修饰，表示“大部分，主要地，多半”。‎ ‎【4】‎ Wuzhen Water Town is a typical ancient town in southern China. 61(lie) in the northern part of Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, it can be easily accessed through a number of express ways. On a recent business trip to Shanghai, a local friend 62(invite)me to Wuzhen.‎ It was 9:00 am when we arrived there. With its houses made 63 black bricks and gray tiles (瓦) against the white walls, the small town is like a 64 (tradition) Chinese ink wash drawing. Wandering along the riverside, you will be 65 (deep) impressed by the great scenery and slow lifestyle. During lunchtime, I 66 (treat) to the steamed white fish, ‎ a well-known d sh served at most 67 (restaurant) in Wuzhen. It tasted so good. But I think it is the combination of culture and food that makes it so outstanding. ‎ After lunch, we continued our walk, enjoying the sights and learning about its history, a history 68 is full of good stories and unique traits (特色). ‎ It’s really fortunate for anybody 69 (explore) such a beautiful place. We hope there will be 70 second chance to visit this wonderful town!‎ 答案 ‎61. Lying 62. invited 63. of64. traditional65. deeply66. was treated 67. restaurants 68. that/which 69. to explore 70. a ‎【5】‎ Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago,Lu Yu wrote a book called.The Classic of Tea.1.is honored as“The Bible of Tea”.The book gives a detailed 2.　　　　　　　　　(explain) of the origin,the processing skills and the classification of tea. ‎ However,Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3.(it).Take green tea for instance,the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot,nutrients(营养) in the tea 4.(destroy).On the other hand,if the water is not hot enough,the tea 5.(leaf) won’t open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6.drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend,your friend will 7.　　　　　　　　　(constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8.(offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands.Of course,the guests should pay respect as well,9.(take) the cup with both ‎ hands. ‎ Talking about adding water to the tea cup,there is 10.saying:Wine full,the full cup.Tea half,half cup.For wine,the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea,the half cup means modesty.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语等。‎ ‎1.which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”,空处为关系词,指物,故填which。‎ ‎2.explanation　考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知,空处被形容词修饰,故用explain的名词形式。‎ ‎3.itself　考查反身代词。句意:然而,中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知,空处用反身代词itself。‎ ‎4.will be destroyed　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:如果水太热,茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知,主语nutrients (营养) in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句结构可知,该句为复合句,在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,主句则用一般将来时,故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎5.leaves　考查名词的复数。根据常识可知,该处的茶叶为复数概念。‎ ‎6.to　考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配,意为“习惯于……”。‎ ‎7.constantly　考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知,空处修饰该动词,故用副词形式。‎ ‎8.to offer　考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知,该句使用了“It+is/was+adj.+to do sth.”的固定句式,It为形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎9.taking　考查动词-ing形式。分析该句结构可知,空处作伴随状语,且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎10.a　考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”,且saying的发音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎【6】‎ It was about two in the morning when I returned home.I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell,but she was fast 1.(sleep),so I got a ladder from the garden,put it against the wall,and began climbing 2.the bedroom window.I was almost there 3.　　　　　　a sarcastic(讽刺的) voice below said,“I don’t think the windows need 4.(clean) at this time of the night.”I looked down 5.‎ ‎(surprise) and nearly fell from the ladder when I saw a policeman.I immediately 6.(regret) answering in the way I did,but I said,“I enjoy cleaning 7.(window) at night.” ‎ ‎“So do I,”answered he in the same tone.“Excuse 8.(I) for interrupting you.I hate to interrupt a man when he’s busy working,but would you mind coming with me to the station?”‎ ‎“Well,I’d prefer 9.　　　　　　　　　　　　(stay) here,”I said.“You see.I have forgotten my key.” ‎ Fortunately,10.　　　　　shouting woke up my wife and she opened the window. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”晚归喊不醒妻子开门,只好找梯子试图爬进卧室;此时警察发现了“我”,要将“我”带回警局,幸亏妻子被“我”们的吵闹声惊醒……‎ ‎1.asleep　考查形容词。根据该句中的“wake up”“fast”和“so I got a ladder from the garden”可知,“我”的妻子睡得很熟。asleep意为“睡着的”,符合文意。注意:不能填sleepy“困的,想睡觉的”,不符合语境。‎ ‎2.toward(s)/to　考查介词。根据语境可知,“我”在墙边架上梯子,朝卧室的窗子爬去。toward(s)/to意为“朝着……方向”。‎ ‎3.when　考查状语从句。“我”快要爬到那里时下面有人说话。when意为“当……时候”。‎ ‎4.cleaning/to be cleaned　考查非谓语动词。need doing=need to be done。此处表示这个人说“我认为在晚上这个时候不需要擦窗户”。‎ ‎5.surprisingly　考查副词。空处修饰短语动词looked down,故用副词形式。我吃惊地朝下看,当看到一名警察时,我差点从梯子上掉下来。‎ ‎6.regretted　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“did”“said”可知,这里陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.windows　考查名词的数。根据上文中的“windows”可知,这里应用复数形式。‎ ‎8.me　考查代词。此处表示警察说“请原谅我打扰到你了”。excuse sb.for doing sth.表示“原谅某人做某事”。‎ ‎9.to stay/staying　考查非谓语动词。句意:我更愿意待在这里。prefer to do/doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“更愿意做某事”。‎ ‎10.the　考查定冠词。该处特指“我”和警察的吵闹声,故用定冠词the。‎ ‎【7】‎ Summer is almost here,and the weather is heating up.1.you ‎ drink enough water every day?Many kids don’t,according to a new study 2.　　　　　　　　(publish) in the American Journal of Public Health. ‎ Erica Kenney,a 3.　　　　　　　(science) at Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health,originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks that kids were consuming in schools.However,4.she was doing the research,she noticed that many kids were 5.　　　　　　　(simple) not drinking enough water. ‎ Kenney and her team examined figures from a group of 4,000 children aged from 6 to 19,between the years of 2009 and 2012.While looking through the survey results,she 6.(find) that more than half of the kids were dehydrated(脱水的).‎ A lack 7.　　　　　water can lead to health problems such as headaches,poor physical performance,and even more serious problems.Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates,when you are physically active,and when you have a fever. ‎ Kenney said,“8.　　　　　is good news that this public health problem has a simple solution.If we can focus on encouraging kids 9.(drink) more water — a low-cost,sugar-free drink — we can improve their drinking habits,which may allow many kids to feel 10.　　　　　　　　(great) throughout the day and do better in school.” ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,一项调查表明,许多在校的孩子没有喝足够的水,超过半数的孩子处于脱水状态。‎ ‎1.Do　考查一般疑问句和时态。根据该句中的“you drink enough water every day”可以判断,该句为一般疑问句,且问的是经常发生的动作,故用一般现在时,故可知答案。‎ ‎2.published　考查过去分词。a new study和动词publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎3.scientist　考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知,该处用名词,表示“一位科学家”。‎ ‎4.when/while/as　考查状语从句的引导词。根据该句中的进行时态“she was doing the research”并结合语境可以判断,此处表示“当她进行研究时,她注意到许多孩子根本没有喝足量的水”。when/while/as都表示“当……时候”。‎ ‎5.simply　考查副词。空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。‎ ‎6.found　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“the kids were”并结合语境可知,该处陈述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.of　考查固定搭配。a lack of为固定搭配,意为“缺乏”。‎ ‎8.It　考查代词。分析该句结构可知,该句为包含that 引导的主语从句的主从复合句,It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。‎ ‎9.to drink　考查动词不定式。encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,故此处用动词不定式。‎ ‎10.greater　考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in school”可知,空处与此对应,应用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎【8】‎ My husband and I were paying a visit 1.　　　　　my parents in Tucson.We went to a fast food restaurant for dinner together.My husband went to the counter 2.　　　　　　　(order) dishes and I stood with my parents. ‎ My dad was 90 years old.He could hardly see very well and walks with a stick.I was scanning the restaurant,3.(wait) to sit at the first table that was 4.(convenient) than others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her.With a 5.(puzzle) look on my face,I pointed to myself and said,“Me?”She 6.　　　　　　　(nod) and said,“Yes,you.”I walked to the table and she said,“Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter.My son is in 7.　　　　　hurry to leave ‎ anyway.”My eyes 8.(fill) with tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat. ‎ I always believe that there are 9.　　　　　　　　(nature) kind people in this world.This woman has set a good example to her son,10.　　　　　is a really lucky guy. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和丈夫以及“我”的父母在一家饭店准备就餐,“我”的父亲九十高龄,行动不便,一位女士主动让座,这让“我”感到了世界的美好。‎ ‎1.to　考查介词。句意:我和我的丈夫去Tucson拜访我的父母。pay a visit to sb.为固定搭配,意为“拜访某人”。‎ ‎2.to order　考查动词不定式。“我”的丈夫去柜台订餐,我和我的父母在一起站着。空处表示去柜台的目的,故用动词不定式。‎ ‎3.waiting　考查动词-ing形式。分析该句结构可知,空处和句子谓语动词之间无连词,应用非谓语动词;I与wait之间为主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎4.more convenient　考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知,空处用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎5.puzzled　考查形容词。空处修饰“look”,表示人的表情,故用形容词 puzzled。‎ ‎6.nodded　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“said”可知,这里陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎7.a　考查不定冠词。in a hurry为固定搭配,意为“匆忙”,故用不定冠词。‎ ‎8.were filled　考查时态和语态。该句主语为My eyes,和动词fill之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;该处陈述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎9.naturally　考查副词。空处修饰形容词kind,故用副词naturally。‎ ‎10.who　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为her son,故用who。‎ ‎【9】‎ Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm,yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways.His painting Sunflowers,for example,1.(fill) with vivid yellows and browns.These colors give 2.　　　　　painting a feeling of warmth and well-being.However,the sunflowers are actually dead and dying. ‎ The result is a painting that combines the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved 3.　　　　　the feelings of sadness that were all around him.It is a painting that is warm,beautiful and sad all at the same time. ‎ Van Gogh’s most famous painting,The Starry Night,takes this 4.　　　　　　　(mix) of joy and sadness one step further.It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows 5.　　　　　　　represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he 6.　　　　　　　　(paint),rather than what he was actually seeing. ‎ This is why Van Gogh’s 7.　　　　　　(image) in his painting look more imagined than real.The stars and moon in The Starry Night are 8.　　　　　　　　(unusual) bright,9.(they) light swirling(旋动) above the darkening hills.A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night,10.　　　　　　　　　(interrupt) its beauty. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了凡·高作品的艺术特点。‎ ‎1.is filled　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句缺少谓语,主语是His painting Sunflowers,谓语动词应用单数,且此处表示一种客观事实,应用一般现在时,再结合固定搭配be filled with可知,填is filled。‎ ‎2.the　考查冠词。前面提到了Sunflowers这幅画,此处表特指,应用 the。‎ ‎3.with　考查介词。固定搭配combine...with...意为“把……和……结合”,符合语境。‎ ‎4.mixture　考查名词。动词后面接名词作宾语。‎ ‎5.which/that　考查定语从句。本句是定语从句。先行词是物,且从句中缺少主语。‎ ‎6.was painting　考查时态。下文的“rather than what he was actually seeing”表明此处也应该用过去进行时。‎ ‎7.images　考查名词的数。他作品中的形象不止一个,且根据谓语动词look可知,应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8.unusually　考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词。‎ ‎9.their　考查代词。名词前需要使用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎10.interrupting　考查动词-ing形式。interrupt与句子主语是主谓关系,且空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接,所以用动词-ing形式作状语。‎ ‎【10】‎ We all know that the Friday after Thanksgiving means a mad dash to the shopping centre for ridiculous sales.But how did this bargain shopping get 1.　　　　　(it) start? ‎ The first Black Friday actually had nothing 2.(do) with ‎ Thanksgiving or shopping.The origin of Black Friday as we know it today started in Philadelphia during the 1950s and 1960s.Crowds of people would come to town the day after Thanksgiving for the annual Army-Navy football game 3.　　　　　　　(hold) the following Saturday.Streets and 4.　　　　　　(store) were always crowded,which was great for business but made easy-pickings for shoplifters(行窃者).Local police called this“Black Friday”.Not only did they have to deal with extra traffic 5.shoplifting,but they had to work extra hours and couldn’t request the day off. ‎ The term didn’t go national 6.　　　　　　the late 1980s,but the 7.　　　　　　　　(explain) changed.While shopkeepers 8.　　　　　　　　(general) suffered financial losses most of the year,the increase of holiday shoppers marked the first day of real profit.In traditional accounting(会计)practices a few years ago,losses 9.(record) in red ink,and profits in black ink.And so,the day after Thanksgiving,10.companies go“into the black”and make a profit,became Black Friday. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了黑色星期五的起源。‎ ‎1.its　考查代词。根据空后的名词start可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎2.to do　考查固定用法。have nothing to do with意为“与……没有关系”,为固定用法。‎ ‎3.to be held　考查非谓语动词。game与hold之间是动宾关系,故此处可用to be held。‎ ‎4.stores　考查名词复数。store作“商店”讲时,为可数名词,根据前面的Streets可知,空处用复数形式。‎ ‎5.and　考查连词。extra traffic与shoplifting是并列的,所以用and连接。‎ ‎6.until　考查固定用法。not...until...表示“直到……才”。‎ ‎7.explanation　考查名词。因为前面是the且空处作主语,所以用名词形式。‎ ‎8.generally　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎9.were recorded　考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语a few years ago可知,应用一般过去时;record与losses之间是动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。‎ ‎10.when　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作时间状语,故填when。‎