专题11名词性从句-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题11名词性从句-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ ‎ 高考研究名词性从句是英语中比较复杂的结构，既涉及词汇的用法，也涉及句法结构，是整个高中阶段英语学习的重点和难点之一。‎ ‎ 在学习名词性从句时，应注意从以下几个方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各种成分，尤其是主语、宾语、表语、同位语的特点。‎ ‎ 二是要掌握引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词的分类及用法(that，if，whether的用法区别)；‎ 三是要注意名词性从句中的特殊情况(that的省略，语序问题，时态问题，语气问题)；‎ 四是要注意疑问连接词what，when，where等引导名词性从句不表示疑问的情况；‎ 五是要注意whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引导从句的用法。特别需要注意的是要掌握it替代从句的用法。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 （1） 考纲要求 ‎ 名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。‎ （2） 命题规律 一、重点考查宾语从句，其次是同位语从句、表语从句和主语从句，通常考查引导这些从句的引导词的选择。‎ 二、高考对名词性从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 考点1 主语从句 特别提示 ‎(1)if不能引导主语从句。‎ ‎(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：‎ A．It+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：‎ It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure．很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。‎ B．It+系动词+名词+that从句。如：‎ It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace．我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。‎ ‎②who the letter was from is still unknown．这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。‎ ‎③Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize．你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。‎ ‎3．连接副词引导 ‎①How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear．针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。‎ ‎②why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery．恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。‎ 考点2 宾语从句 特别提示 whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。‎ ‎(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：‎ Let me know whether or not you can come．请让我知道你是否能来。‎ ‎(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：‎ We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting．我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。‎ ‎④I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting．我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。‎ ‎3．宾语从句的语序 在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：‎ ‎①He asked me when we could set out the next day．他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。‎ ‎②Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?‎ ‎4．宾语从句的时态 ‎③She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei．她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)‎ ‎(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：‎ ‎①He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon．他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)‎ ‎②He said that light travels much faster than sound．他说光比声音传播得快。‎ 特别提示 在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：‎ ‎(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：‎ ‎①I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day．我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。‎ ‎②I have made it a rule that I keep diaries．我每天写日记成了惯例。‎ ‎ (3)介词后的宾语从句。如：‎ ‎①She is always thinking of how she can do more for others．她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。‎ ‎②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club．我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。‎ ‎(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯 定式。如：‎ ‎①I don’t think I know you．我想我并不认识你。‎ ‎②I don’t believe he will come．我相信他不回来。‎ 考点3、表语从句 ‎②The question remains whether they will be able to help us．问题还是他们能否帮我们。‎ ‎2．连接代词和连接副词引导 ‎①The problem is who will take charge of this shop．问题是谁将接管这家店铺。‎ ‎②That is when I realized the importance of journalism．那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。‎ 特别提示 考点4 同位语从句 同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，‎ order等。‎ ‎1．通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：‎ ‎①They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again．他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。‎ ‎②I have no idea why he was excited at that time．我不知道当时他激动的原因。 ‎ 考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项 ‎1．that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：‎ ‎(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from the same country．除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。‎ ‎①The hope that he may recover is not gone yet．他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)‎ ‎②What he said proved to be true．他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“……的话”)‎ ‎3．定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：‎ ‎①The news that our team has won the game Was true．我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)‎ ‎②The news that he told me yesterday Was true．昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句，news在从句中作told的宾语)‎ ‎③I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich．我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。‎ ‎(同位语从句，补充说明promise的内容)‎ ‎④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children．妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考题 ‎1.【2018·北京】11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.‎ A. how B. when C. where D. why ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，‎ when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。‎ 点睛：表语从句是指一个句子充当表语，通俗的说就是系动词be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词有that，what，who，when，where，which，why，whether，how等。‎ ‎2.【2018·北京】15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.‎ A. how B. which C. that D. what ‎【答案】D 点睛：what是常见的名词性从句引导词之一，它除了引导从句作用之外，还在从句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语。根据不同的语境，what可以表示不同的意思，例如“……的东西或事情”，“……的人或样子”等。‎ ‎3.【2018·天津】9. The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.‎ A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。‎ 点睛：分析句子可知，空格处做be awarded to的宾语，同时在后面的从句中做主语，再根据句意可知，这里主语指人，故用whoever。‎ ‎4.【2018·江苏】21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.‎ A. where B. when C. why D. how ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。‎ 点睛：本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构，然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知作方式状语，就不难选出正确答案。‎ ‎2017年高考题 ‎【2017·北京】23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.‎ A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever ‎【答案】B 试题分析：A. whatever 任何事 B. whoever 任何人 C. whomever 任何人 D. whichever无论哪个。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。空格所在部分是主语从句，缺少主语，用连接代词，根据意思可知是人获奖，故排除AD，因为需要做主语，只能用主格代词who，故选B。‎ 考点：考查连词。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)‎ ‎1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。‎ That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…‎ Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.‎ Who will go makes no difference.‎ u It is known to us that he is a famous singer.‎ u It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.‎ 本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。‎ ‎2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别 l 区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思 ‎*Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.‎ ‎*Whoever comes here is welcomed.‎ ‎*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.‎ ‎*The gift will be given to whomever I like.‎ l wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换 Whatever happened, he would not mind.‎ ‎= No matter what happened, he……‎ ‎【2017·北京】26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.‎ A. why B. where C. how D. when ‎【答案】B 试题分析：A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据语境可知此处是表地点的，很容易就可选出答案B。‎ 考点：考查连词。‎ ‎【2017·江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. how ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查宾语从句。“half of _______ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的 ‎$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺 少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句中的宾语，故选C。句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因 为一晚上的住宿费降到了20美元，这是该宾馆过去要价的一半。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 这里容易误判为定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构，需要注意的是，half of后面的价格是以前的价格。‎ 如果是定语从句，那么half of后面的价格则是$20的一半，即$10，再结合“down to”可知，原来的价格 高于$20，因此不是定语从句。‎ 介词of后跟宾语，因此这里是宾语从句，通过分析句子成分可知，宾语从句缺少宾语，因此用what引导。‎ ‎ 宾语从句 ‎1. 动词后的宾语从句 ‎1) that引导的宾语从句 后常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等 ‎2) wh-，if引导的宾语从句 ‎ 后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句的动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find out，imagine，inform,1nquire,‎ ‎ know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。‎ ‎3)“动词十间接宾语+宾语从句”‎ ‎ 常使用此类结构的动词有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。‎ ‎4)“动词+it十形容词／名词+that从句”‎ ‎ 常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。‎ ‎5) it作形式宾语的特殊句型 ‎ 常见的有：see to it that...；hate it that...；owe it to sb. that...；take it for granted that.‎ ‎2. 形容词后宾语从句 ‎ 后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud， surprised， worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced，confident等。‎ ‎3. 介词后宾语从句 ‎ 后常接宾语从句的介词有on，about，in，but，except等。‎ ‎4. 宾语从句需要注意的问题 ‎ 1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。‎ ‎ 2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。‎ ‎ 3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。‎ ‎4)当主句谓语是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时， 否定词不转移。‎ ‎5)主句中谓语是think，believe，suppose，ex》ect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。例 如：When do you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(错句）‎ ‎6)当主句动词是wish时，从句的时态要用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand， require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。‎ ‎7) if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。‎ ‎8)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。‎ 考点：宾语从句 ‎【2017·天津】4. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.‎ A. when B. where C. whether D. what ‎【答案】C 考点：考查宾语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定，首先确定连词的词义，然后根据句意判断出正确的连词，本句的句意很明显，确定为是否。‎ ‎2016年高考题 ‎1.【2016·北京】24. Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.‎ A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)‎ ‎1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。‎ That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…‎ Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.‎ Who will go makes no difference.‎ u It is known to us that he is a famous singer.‎ u It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.‎ 本题中，whatever引导主语从句，同时作do的宾语。‎ ‎2. wh和ever 连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别 l 区分使用wh-和wh-ever: wh 有疑问的意思；wh-ever有肯定强调的意思 ‎*Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.‎ ‎*Whoever comes here is welcomed.‎ ‎*A reward of $1,000 will be given to whoever can provide any clues to the case.‎ ‎*The gift will be given to whomever I like.‎ l wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换 Whatever happened, he would not mind.‎ ‎= No matter what happened, he……‎ ‎2.【2016·北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.‎ A. what B. that C. whether D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：题目考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。‎ 考点：考查表语从句 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 表语从句 Predictive Clauses (在be动词 后)‎ ‎1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问词。‎ The fact is that she never liked him.‎ The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.‎ The question is who can complete the difficult task.‎ u This/That/It is because …‎ I think it is because you are doing too much.‎ u The reason why…is that…‎ The reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.‎ ‎2. 只能用whether 的情况 ‎* 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中 ‎* 在介词后的宾语从句中 It all depends on whether they will support us.‎ ‎* 在不定式之前 He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.‎ ‎* 从句中有or not时 He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.‎ ‎3.【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ A. why B. what C. as D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that做引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中做状语，连接代词what通常在句中做主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ that 引导主语从句：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下被放到句子的后面，用it 作形式主语来代替它的位置。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句的句型有三种。‎ ‎1. It + be + 形容词+that从句 ‎　　适用于这种句型的常见形容词有：necessary，clear，true，strange，important，wonderful，possible，likely，obvious，surprising etc。‎ ‎　　1) It’s clear that they badly need help。很明显，他们急需援助。‎ ‎　　2) It’s possible that we can carry out the project at last. 最终我们能完成这项工程是有可能的。‎ ‎　表语为 necessary，clear，true，strange, important, wonderful，possible, likely, obvious, surprising, astonishing, etc.等形容词时，谓语动词的形式一般为“should ＋ 动词原形”‎ ‎　　3) It is necessary that you (should)master the computer. 你很有必要掌握电脑。‎ ‎　　4) It is strange that he should have killed himself .真奇怪，他竟然自杀了 ‎2. It +be +名词词组+ that从句 ‎　　常用于这种句型的名词词组有：a fact， a good idea，a pity，an hour，a shame，no wonder，good news etc.‎ ‎　　1) It’s a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。‎ ‎　　2) ―Tom has a bad cold. 汤姆患了重感冒。‎ ‎ ―It is no wonder that he looks pale. ――难怪他看起来脸色苍白。‎ ‎　　3) It is a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. 他竟然偷钢笔，真是太丢脸了。‎ ‎ shame 所用的句中要用虚拟语气。‎ ‎3. It + be+ 过去分词+ that从句 ‎　　常有的过去分词有：said，reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known, thought, suggested 等。‎ ‎　　1) It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。‎ ‎　　2) It’s reported that the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.‎ ‎　　据报道这两个国家就贸易问题达成协议。‎ ‎　　过去分词表示：建议，命令，愿望如suggested ， ordered， requested等词时，从句需用虚拟语气。动 词形式为：should ＋ 原型。‎ ‎　　1) It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance.有人请求王先生表演一个节目。‎ ‎　　2) It is suggested that we should discuss the problem .有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎4.【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎ A. whether B. that C. which D. what ‎ ‎【答案】B 考点：考查同位语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构，知道引导词的使用习惯。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分，来选择正确的引导词。连接同位语从句的连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。that引导表示陈述句的同位语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的同位语从句。判断是否是同位语从句，还可以用同位词+is+同位语从句，如果可以讲的通，一般就是同位语从句，例如这题中，可以改成The suggestion is that we should have an assistant.‎ ‎【短文改错】‎ ‎【2016·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） ‎ My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.‎ ‎1. that →where 考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。‎ ‎2015年高考题 ‎1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. where D. who ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据分析可知：You have to know…后面是一个宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词，连接代词有：who, whom, whose, which, what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语，连接副词有：when, where, why, how，在句中担任状语的成分。You’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.是一个完整的句子，所以应该用连接副词来引导从句。句意：如果你已经计划好去那里的最佳方案，你必须知道你将要去哪里。故选C ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达。‎ ‎2.【2015·北京】33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.‎ A. that B. where C. what D. why ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查名词性从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语 的宾语，也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。‎ ‎3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.‎ A. what B. whom C. why D. when ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查名词性从句 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句的一种，名词性从句还包括主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。可以根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断名词性从句的类型。isn’t后跟一个从句作表语，what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语；why和when作状语。介词for后缺少宾语，因此用what。‎ ‎4.【2015·浙江】6. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.‎ ‎ A. what B. who C. that D. whoever ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，请确定查看水面下有什么？通常总有一些石头或树枝藏在水里。此处的what指代的是树枝或石头，B选项和D选项用于指人，that 只有语法意义。句式上，该句用了(If 从句，祈使句)的句式，非谓语to investigate 后接一个宾语从句的表达。分析宾语从句的成分可以发现，空格所做的成分是主语。根据下一句的表述中的树枝和石头，可以得出答案是what.‎ ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句的连接词 ‎【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句，因为从句部分is 前面缺少成分，答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.）的表达。‎ ‎5.【2015·重庆】8.We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.‎ A. when B. how C. where D. why ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】 ‎ 试题分析：句意：我们必须弄明白什么时候来，因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟着宾语从句。根据句意选when。 ‎ ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】 宾语从句连接词的考查，宾语从句一共分为三类，一由that引导的宾语从句；二是由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导的宾语从句，这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类，再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个，是否符合当时的语境。‎ ‎6.【2015·四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.‎ A. where B. why C. what D. which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查宾语从句。本句考查宾语从句的引导词。宾语从句中不缺少主语和宾语，故选项C错误，选项D担当定语，也错误。根据意思：这个展览告诉了我们，我们为什么要停止空气污染而不是我们在哪儿停止空气污染，故选择B。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。通常情况下，宾语从句如果是由陈述句变来时用that引导；如果由一般疑问句变来则用whether/if；而由特殊疑问句变来则用特殊疑问词。通过四个选项，排除1、2两种情况。而特殊疑问词的选择则要求对句子的结构内容有着全盘的掌握。此句中，主语、宾语、定语并不缺少，故选项C、D是错误的，再根据句意，只有B最为恰当。‎ ‎7.【2015·陕西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ A. what B. that C. why D. how ‎【答案】A ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句 ‎【名师点睛】宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。确定这是什么从句，再通过判断从句中缺少的内容决定引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。通常如果名词性从句缺少主语宾语和表语的时候用what连接。‎ ‎8.【2015·福建】29—I wonder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.‎ ‎—By working out every day.‎ A. where B. how C. why D. If ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词How是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。根据句意---我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。--通过每天锻炼。故选C ‎【考点定位】考查宾语从句 ‎【名师点睛】宾语从句算是高考中一个比较简单的考点，引导词主要的选择方法是看宾语从句的引导词在主句中做什么成分，不同的引导词表达的意思也不相同。通常宾语从句的前面会有一个及物动词，及物动词后面可以直接接上宾语，但是也要结合具体情况进行具体分析。‎ ‎9.【2015·江苏】25._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.‎ A. That B. Why C. Where D. How ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。‎ 分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。‎ ‎【考点定位】名词性从句 ‎【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入，句子结构变得稍显复杂，因此要求考生能够排除结构干扰，看清考点还是考查名词性从句连接词的选择，然后根据“从句部分缺什么补什么的原则选则连接词”这一根本原则，同时结合句意，迅速锁定正确答案。‎ ‎10.【2015·北京】35. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ A. Where B.How C.Why D. When ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。‎ ‎【考点定位】主语从句。‎ ‎【名师点睛】主语从句分多种，解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别，尤其是连词在从句中的功能，由于引导主语从句的连词功能有所分别，较为容易抉择，但有的连词的形式一样，但具有不同意思，这就需要考生仔细甄别，充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。‎ ‎2014年高考试题 ‎1.【2014·全国大纲卷】24.Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.‎ A. whether B. why C. when D.how ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查主语从句的连接词。句意：准确的说，土豆是什么时候被传到欧洲的还不确定，但是可能在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。‎ 考点：考查主语从句的连接词。 2.【2014·重庆卷】12. --- Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎ --- Yeah, but I have no idea _______ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.‎ ‎ A. when B. why C. that D. how ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。A项表“时间”，D项表“方式”，均不合题意。have no idea = not know，后面的从句应该表示“疑问”，排除表“确定事实”的C项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”。‎ 考点：考查同位语从句的用法。‎ ‎3.【2014·北京卷】Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. ‎ A. whatever B. whenever.‎ C. wherever D. however ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本题考查宾语从句，考查方式为连接词。句意：有些人认为以前或现在正在发生的事情将来还会重复发生。根据题干信息，“过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复”，宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选用A。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句的用法 ‎4.【2014·北京卷】30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.‎ A. where B. when C. how D. why ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本题考查表语从句，考查方式为连接词的选择。句意：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。根据题干前半部分中的“moment”一词推断，后面应该说的是“…的时候”，所以本题选B。‎ 考点：考查表语从句的连接词 ‎5.【2014·天津卷】14. I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.‎ A. what B. that C. which D. who ‎【答案】A 考点：考查主语从句。‎ ‎6.【2014·山东卷】7. It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. ‎ A. where B. what C. which D. why ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：imagine后需要一个宾语，“life was like…”做imagine的宾语需要一个不做句子成分的引导词，同时这个句子中like缺少宾语，所以空格处缺少一个兼词what。句意为：很难想象古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。故答案选B。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句的用法。‎ ‎7.【2014·江西卷】28. Among the many dangers_-- sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.‎ A. which B. what C. where D. when ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：由句子意思可分析出sailors have to face 作定语，修饰先行词the many dangers，且从句缺少宾语（face...），要用关系代词。 因此A选项正确。句意为“ 在水手不得不面对的许多危险中，可能最大的是雾霾。”‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎8.【2014·四川卷】2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That's ______ I was born."‎ A. when                       B. how                  C. why                  D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:‎ ‎ A何时；B谁；C为什么；D哪儿。系动词is后是表语从句，四个选项均为连接副词，故判断缺少状语，根据题干中给出的提示信息pointed to the hospital可知“奶奶”说的是出生的地点，故答案选D。句意：奶奶指着医院说，“那就是我出生的地方。”‎ 考点：考查表语从句的用法。‎ ‎9.【2014·福建卷】34. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you're afraid to do.‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do之后的宾语，故用what，所以选B。句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事情。‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what， how， where， when ...)。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句。‎ ‎10.【2014·江苏卷】26. —What a mess! You are always so lazy!‎ ‎—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.‎ A. how B. what C. that D. who ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查名词性从句用法。本题考查的是表语从句，注意动词make后接双宾语，即make sb. sth.故用关系词what来引导。句意：——怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒！——我不应该受到责备，妈妈。我是你使得我这样的。故B正确。‎ 考点：考名词性从句用法 ‎11.【2014·陕西卷】15. ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.‎ A. Why B. When C. That D. What ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：被延误的航班何时起飞依天气而定。题干中主句的谓语动词为depends，为此前面是主语从句。Why在主语从句中做原因状语；when在主语从句中作时间状语；that在主语从句中不做任何成分；what在主语从句中作主语或宾语。根据语境判断主语从句中缺少时间状语，故选B。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎12.【2014·湖南卷】24. As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查名词性从句用法。本题主句是一个表语从句，表语从句中缺少主语，故用what来引导。在名词性从句中，当从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，一般用关系词what来引导。句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说过，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时,生活已离我们远去。故C正确。‎ 考点：考查名词性从句用法 ‎13.【2014·浙江卷】8. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.‎ ‎   A. what                B. how                C. that                 D. whether ‎【答案】A ‎【试题分析】这里是what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作tell的宾语；表语从句里缺少的是宾语；that和whether在表语从句中不作成分，why在表语从句中不能作宾语。这里句意：“每次你吃糖的时候，你要喝绿茶”这是妈妈过去常常给我说的话。故选A。‎ ‎【知识拓展】这四个词在引导表语从句的区别：what引导的表语从句，它在从句中作主语或宾语；how引导的表语从句，它在从句中作状语；that引导的表语从句，它在从句不做成分，没有词义；whether引导的表语从句，它在从句中作主语或宾语不做成分，但是有“是否”的含义。‎ 考点：考查表语从句。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎1. 【北京市第四中学2018届上学期高三期中】I really doubt _____ he would ask her to marry him in public.‎ A. that B. whether C. how D. that if ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的怀疑是否他愿意请她当众嫁给他。根据句意可知答案为B。‎ ‎2. 【北京市丰台区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】It is not surprising the new course on electronic games has attracted many students.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎【答案】C ‎3．【北京市丰台区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】—Could you check my list to see I have forgotten anything?‎ ‎—No problem.‎ A. whether B. which C. that D. what ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——你能帮我查一下我的清单，看看我是否忘记了什么？——没问题。根据前面的can you check和后面的I have forgotten可知，空格处表示“是否”，故选A。‎ ‎4．【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】It gives us great delight ______ Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.‎ A. how B. what C. that D. why ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：中国科幻小说越来越受欢迎，这使我们非常高兴。此处it作形式主语，that Chinese science fictions are becoming increasingly popular.作真正主语，因为从句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导，故选C.‎ ‎5．【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】 If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ you have already filled out on this form.‎ A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whenever ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：如果你留下这个申请表去另一个网站，你将会丢失你已经填好的表格。根据句意可知是丢失已经填好的表格内容，用whatever引导，故选A.‎ ‎6．【北京市朝阳区2018届高三5月综合练习（二模）】––The small restaurant is always crowded in every part.‎ ‎––That’s ______ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.‎ A. why B. because C. where D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：——这家小餐馆到处都很拥挤。——那是因为它有一个独特的用餐环境和相当多的美食。根据句意可知，从句表示这家小餐馆到处拥挤的原因，而不是结果，排除B故选A.‎ ‎7．【北京市西城区2018届高三一模】The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That’s _____ he succeeded at last.‎ A. what B. when C. whether D. why ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：在每次失败后，这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试。那就是他为什么最后会成功。be动词后面是一个表语从句，根据前文的tried again and again after each failure可知，空格处填why，前文是he succeeded at last的原因，故选D。‎ ‎8．【北京市西城区2018届高三一模】_____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.‎ A. What B. That C. When D. Who ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 考查主语从句。句意：最让老师恼火的是，所有的学生在课堂上都太安静了。此处是句子做主语，从句缺少引导词，也没有主语，空格处表示“所……的（事）”，故用what，答案为A。‎ ‎9. 【北京市丰台区2018届高三上学期期末】My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy I want simply with WeChat Pay.‎ A. whoever B. whichever C. whatever D. whenever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的钱包不能用了。我可以只用微信支付就能买我想要的任何东西，“ I want simply with WeChat Pay”是宾语从句，从句缺乏宾语。A. whoever无论谁；B. whichever无论哪一个；C. whatever无论什么；D. whenever无论什么时候。结合句意，故选C。‎ ‎10. 【北京市丰台区2018届高三上学期期末】 is going to do the job will be decided in tomorrow’s meeting.‎ A. Which B. That C. What D. Who ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：谁将做这项工作将在明天的会议上决定。分析句子成分可知，“ is going to do the job”是主语从句，从句中缺乏主语。which引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或定语，表示“哪一个”；That引导主语从句，不作成分，仅起引导作用；what引导主语从句，作主语、宾语或者表语，表示“任何……的”；who引导主语从句，从句中作主语或宾语，表示“谁”。结合句意，故选D。‎ ‎11. 【北京市石景山区2018届高三上学期期末】He’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he achieves nothing.‎ A. why B. when C. where D. that ‎【答案】A ‎12. 【北京市石景山区2018届高三上学期期末】His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____ he is trying to express.‎ A. that B. how C. who D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：他的书写如此令人困惑，以至于难以辨认他在试图表达什么。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句he is trying to express后缺少宾语，因此用what。‎ ‎13. 【北京市顺义区牛栏山一中2018届高三第一学期9月月考】________ Nancy likes best about college is that she can meet people from all over the country．‎ A. Where B. When C. That D. What ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：最让南茜喜欢大学的（地方）是她能遇到来自全国各地的人。本句中________ Nancy likes best about college主语从句，而主语从句中的谓语动词like缺少宾语，在名词多句中缺少宾语要用what。that在名词从句中不缺少成份时，只起引导词的作用时才用。A与B是副词，不能作宾语。因此选D。‎ ‎14．【天津市河东区2018届高三第一次模拟】Jane’s success lies in the fact she is so co-operative and eager to learn from others.‎ A. that B. which C. when D. why ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：简的成功在于她很乐于合作，乐于向别人学习。句中从句作fact的同位语，解释说明fact的内容，故用that引导。故选A。‎ ‎15．【天津市部分区2018届高三质量调查(一)】________ was most important to her, she told me, was to keep healthy.‎ A. It B. This C. What D. As ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】试题分析：考察主语从句连词的选择。文意是她告诉我说于她而言最重要的是她的家庭。she told me是插入语，不影响整个句式的表达，句子的真正做谓语动词是was，（_____was most important to her），was her family，括号部分是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中做主语。‎ 考点：考察主语从句连词的选择。‎ ‎16．（2018·滨海7校联考）There are various things on sale, so you can choose ______ interests you.‎ A. whoever B. no matter who C. whatever D. no matter what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：各种物品正在销售，所以你可以选择任何你感兴趣的东西。A无论谁；B无论谁；C无论什么；D无论什么。“No matter +疑问词”引导让步状语从句，“疑问词+ever”引导让步状语从句和名词性从句，此处是choose后面的宾语从句，缺少主语，指事物，故答案选C。‎ ‎17．【2018年天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考英语（一）】A proposal was put forward at the meeting __________ the new cement plant shouldn’t be built near the school.‎ A. when B. where C. that D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查同位语从句。本题考查的是同位语从句，句中的the new cement plant shouldn’t be built near the school.是来解释说明名词proposal的内容的，空格处连接词只起连接作用，无意义，故用that连接。句意：新水泥厂不应该建在学校附近的建议在会上被提出来。故选C。‎ ‎18．【江苏省启东中学2018届高三最后一模】________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.‎ A. How B. Whether C. That D. Why ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者，这深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。“________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress”作主语，是主语从句，该从句结构意思完整，故应用that引导该从句。故C选项正确。‎ ‎19．【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2018届高三教学情况调研（一）】A problem has occurred we should develop innovative thinking abilities in the classrooms by giving students opportunities to generate new ideas.‎ A. what B. where C. whether D. that ‎【答案】C ‎20．【江苏省扬州市2018届高三上学期期期中联考】Despite difficulties, we must bear in mind________ we set this goal, stick to it and move forward regardless.‎ A. that B. why C. when D. where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：尽管困难重重，但我们必须牢记，我们为什么要制定这个目标，坚持到底，不动摇地向前走。Why在从句中做原因状语。根据题意，故选B。‎ 语法填空 ‎1. 【安徽省皖西南名校2018年高三阶段性检测联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a getting. It was not until in my later thirties____41____ I made this important discovery: giving away things ____42____ (make) life so much more exciting. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost ____43____ (possibility) to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in ____44____ unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered a letter to my home, though it ____45____ (address) to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of ____46____ (appreciate). More than a year later I needed a post office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes ____47____ (leave), and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us a letter a year ago about ____48____ (deliver) a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you are ____49____ (certain) going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know ____50____ a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.‎ ‎【答案】41. that 42. makes 43. impossible 44. an 45. was addressed 46. appreciation ‎ ‎47. left 48. delivering 49. certainly 50. what ‎【解析】文章主要讲述了作者通过一件事明白了给予事物让生活更令人兴奋。‎ ‎41. 考查强调句。句意：直到我三十多岁的时候，我才发现了这个重要的发现。It was not until…that…直到...才...根据题意，故填that。‎ ‎42. 考查动词时态。句意：给予事物让生活更令人兴奋。“giving away things”动名词作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数。根据题意，故填makes。‎ ‎43. 考查形容词作表语。句意：我的一个发现是，在这个世界上，如果没有回报，几乎不可能放弃任何东西。形容词作表语，“it is impossible to do ”，根据题意，故填impossible。‎ ‎44. 考查不定冠词。句意：我的一个发现是，在这个世界上，如果没有回报，几乎不可能放弃任何东西。根据题意，故填an。‎ ‎45. 考查被动语态。句意：一个星期日的早晨，当地邮局给我的家发了一封信，尽管那封信地址是我的办公室。be addressed to在(信封和包裹)上写姓名地址；致(函)。根据题意，故填was addressed。‎ ‎46. 考查名词。句意：我写了一封感谢信给邮局局长。介词of后使用名词。根据题意，故填appreciation。‎ ‎47. 考查过去分词作定语。句意：在窗口我被告知没有箱子了。boxes与leave之间处于被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。根据题意，故填left。‎ ‎48. 考查动名词。句意：是不是你一年前给我们写了一封信，递送到你家？介词about后使用动名词。根据题意，故填delivering。‎ ‎49. 考查副词。句意：嗯，如果我们必须为你做一个，你肯定会在这个邮局里有一个盒子。副词修饰动词。根据题意，故填certainly。‎ ‎50. 考查宾语从句。句意：你不知道那封信对我们意味着什么。由what引导宾语从句。根据题意，故填what。‎ ‎2. 【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三第二次联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I have never understood city-lovers. For me a city is a place to visit for a few hours, to go___41___(shop), to see special exhibitions, etc. but it’s not a place to live in,___42___though thousands do. Usually they ___43___(tie)to the city by their jobs or perhaps even by family.‎ There are so many advantages to living in the country. It is quiet and healthy. There is far less traffic on the road and the air is much___44___(fresh). Instead of buying everything ‎ in packets from a supermarket, in the country we can always buy fresh food from farms, or village shops every day. The people in the country are always to polite and you will love the ___45___ (friendly) of the people, too.‎ On the other hand, there are so many___46___(disadvantage) to living in a town or a city. ___47___most country people notice is the noise and dirt in the city. And many country people find it hard___48___(breath)in the city. People always seem to be in a rush, which is stressful.‎ There are so many advantages to living in the country that it is ___49___(mystery) to me___50___some country people say they would like to live in the city.‎ ‎【答案】41. shopping 42. even 43. are tied 44. fresher 45. friendliness 46. disadvantages ‎ ‎47. What 48. to breathe 49. mysterious 50. why ‎【解析】作者在文中分析了在城市居住的缺点和在农村居住的优势。‎ ‎41. shopping 考查动词形式。go shopping“去购物”，是固定短语。故填shopping.‎ ‎42. even 考查副词。此处指城市不是一个适合居住的地方，即使上千人这样做。even though “虽然，即使”，是固定短语，故填even.‎ ‎43. are tied.‎ 考查被动语态。句中they和动词tie是被动关系，指这些人由于工作或家庭原因被和城市连在一起。在句中作谓语用被动语态，故填are tied.‎ ‎44. fresher.‎ 考查形容词比较级。句中far修饰less和much修饰比较级表示程度，此处指新鲜的多。故填fresher.‎ ‎45. friendliness.‎ 考查名词。此处由前面的the限定和后面的of修饰，用名词。指人们的友善，故填friendliness.‎ ‎46. disadvantages.‎ 考查名词。和上文的advantages对应，上段讲在农村居住的优点，本段讲在城市居住的缺点。由many修饰用名词复数，故填disadvantages.‎ ‎47. What.‎ 考查代词。此处指多数农村人们注意的东西是噪音和尘土，代指什么，故填What.‎ ‎48. to breathe.‎ 考查动词不定式。句中it是形式宾语，hard是宾补，不定式作宾补。指许多农村人发现在城市呼吸困难，故填不定式to breathe.‎ ‎49. mysterious.‎ 考查形容词。此处是形容词作表语，指对我来说是神秘的，故填mysterious.‎ ‎50. why.‎ 考查副词。此处指为什么一些农村人想住在城市里居住是个谜，此处表原因，故填why.‎ ‎3. 【广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考试】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Take a tour of Monkey Park Situated between Jerusalem and the coastal city of Tel Aviv, Israel’s Monkey Park is home _____41_____ more than two hundred and fifty different species of monkeys.‎ Considered one of the country’s most popular animal ______42______(attraction), it offers a unique experience as it ______43______(run) by the Israeli Primate Foundation, a nonprofit organization whose aim is to provide a rehabilitation(康复) center for monkeys while ______44______(educate) the public about these lovely creatures.‎ Over the last two years the park ______45______(receive) 650 monkeys from a breeding farm that shut down. Most monkeys in ______46______ park live in enclosures(圈地). Visitors are able to view them up close and, thanks to one ______47______(special) designed section, are even able to interact with them. Right outside the visiting area is the rehabilitation center. That’s _____48_____ monkeys who need care are being nursed back to health.‎ Among the family-friendly activities ______49______(offer) at Monkey Park for human visitors are workshops, rides and wall climbing. There are also comprehensive guided walking tours, ______50______ last up to three hours.‎ One feature of the Monkey Park is the children’s playground. But it’s still the monkeys that attract people most.‎ ‎【答案】41. to 42. attractions 43. is run 44. educatin 45. has received 46. the 47. specially 48. where 49. offered 50. which ‎43. is run考查时态和语态。句意：它是由以色列灵长类基金会管理的，表示这个动作现在的情况，用一般现在时态；是被管理的，用被动语态。故填is run。‎ ‎44. educating考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目标是提供为猴子提供一个康复(康复)中心同时教育公众有关这些可爱的生物。故填educating。‎ ‎45. has received考查时态。句意：该公园已经从饲养场中接收了650只猴子。用完成时态，故填has received。‎ ‎46. the考查冠词。句意：公园里大多数猴子生活在围墙里。这个公园the park，故填the。‎ ‎47. specially考查副词。句意：而且多亏了一个特别设计的部分。特别地specially副词作状语，故填specially。‎ ‎48. where考查连词。句意：在那里，需要照顾的猴子正被照顾着恢复健康。where引导表语从句。故填where。‎ ‎49. offered考查动词过去分词。句意：在猴子公园为游客提供的适合家庭的活动中，有工作室、游乐设施和攀爬墙。offered过去分词作定语修饰activities，故填offered。‎ ‎50. which考查关系代词。句意：此外，还有全面的导游徒步旅行，最长可达三个小时。Which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎4. 【广东省百校联盟2018届高三第二次联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ As I share the experience of this kindness, I’m wearing my widest smile. I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place ___41___ order but this Wednesday, it was ___42___ (slight) different. I called the four waiters,___43___ (ask) them to make a choice of a drink and dessert and bought it for them instead. At first, they didn’t sense ___44___ was happening but when truth dawned, they ___45___ (surprise) and a bit embarrassed. However, I explained that it was an act of ___46___ (appreciate) and they were truly deserving. This brought a “big” smile and a loud, “thank you”.‎ I had for a long time had a desire ___47___ (reach) out to them but my doubting mind had always had an upper hand. On this day too, I had ___48___ (thought) like, “What if they refuse?” “What if they say, they don’t like any of the food or drinks?” “What if this” and, “What if that,” but I decided to let go of the worries and listen ___49___ my heart.‎ Now, it was ___50___ (they) smiles that drew me to the coffee shop.‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. Slightly ‎ ‎43. Asked 44. What ‎ ‎45. were surprised ‎ ‎46. appreciation ‎ ‎47. to reach ‎ ‎48. thoughts ‎ ‎49. to 50. their ‎【解析】试题分析：本文作者共享了自己的一段善举的经历。作者为自己常去的咖啡店的服务员购买了一些食物和饮料表示感谢。尽管起初有许多担忧，但是最终作者听从了自己的内心。现在时服务员们的笑容吸引作者进入这家咖啡店。‎ ‎41. 考查冠词。place an order“下订单”，order“订单”是可数名词，是以元音因素开头的单词，故填an。‎ ‎42. 考查副词。修饰形容词用副词作状语，slightly修饰形容词different。故填slightly。‎ ‎43. 考查动词。句意：相反，我打电话给四位服务员，请他们为自己选择一份饮料喝甜点。此处表示过去发生的一系列动作，用一般过去时。ask与主语I是主动关系。故填asked。‎ ‎44. 考查宾语从句。句意：起初，他们没有感觉到正在发生什么事。宾语从句中缺乏主语，what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。故填what。‎ ‎45. 考查形容词。句意：但是当事实大白时，他们是吃惊并有点尴尬的。表示被修饰语的感受，用过去分词变化来的形容词，现在分词变化来的形容词表示被修饰语的特征。结合句意，句子描述过去发生的事情，主语是复数。故填were surprised。‎ ‎46. 考查名词。an act of…“……的一种行为”，介词后接名词。appreciate“感激”是动词，其名词形式是appreciation，是不可数名词。故填appreciation。‎ ‎47. 考查动词。句意：长久以来我有一种渴望，愿意给他们提供帮助，但是我犹豫不决的心理总是占上风。have a desire to do sth.“作……的渴望”是常用搭配。故填to reach。‎ ‎48. 考查名词。句意：也是在这一天，我有了一些像这样的想法：“如果他们拒绝了怎么办？” “如果他们说，他们不喜欢任何食物或者饮料怎么办？”……。根据语境，下文是许多想法，thought“想法”用复数。故填thoughts。‎ ‎49. 考查介词。句意：……但是我决定放开这些担忧，倾听我的内心。listen是不及物动词，接宾语加介词to。故填to。‎ ‎50. 考查代词。句意：现在，他们的笑容吸引我进入这个咖啡店。此句是强调句型，原句是：他们的笑容吸引我进入这家咖啡店。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。故填their。‎ ‎5. 【广东省五校2018届高三12月联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ As I share the experience of this kindness, I’m wearing my widest smile. I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place___41___order but this Wednesday, it was___42___(slight)different. I called the four waiters, ___43___(ask)them to make a choice of a drink and dessert and bought it for them instead. At first, they didn’t sense___44___was happening but when truth dawned, they___45___(surprise)and a bit embarrassed. However, I explained that it was an act of ___46___(appreciate)and they were truly deserving. This brought a “big” smile and a loud, “thank you.”‎ I had for a long time had a desire___47___(reach)out to them but my doubting mind had always had an upper hand. On this day too, I had ___48___(thought)like, “What if they refuse?” “What if they say, they don’t like any of the food or drinks?” “What if this” and, “What if that”, but I decided to let go of the worries and listen___49___ my heart.‎ Now, it was ___50___(they)smiles that drew me to the coffee shop.‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. slightly 43. asked 44. what 45. were surprised 46. appreciation ‎ ‎47. to reach 48. thoughts 49. to 50. their ‎【解析】试题分析：本文作者共享了自己的一段善举的经历。作者为自己常去的咖啡店的服务员购买了一些食物和饮料表示感谢。尽管起初有许多担忧，但是最终作者听从了自己的内心。现在时服务员们的笑容吸引作者进入这家咖啡店。‎ ‎45. 考查形容词。句意：但是当事实大白时，他们是吃惊并有点尴尬的。表示被修饰语的感受，用过去分词变化来的形容词，现在分词变化来的形容词表示被修饰语的特征。结合句意，句子描述过去发生的事情，主语是复数。故填were surprised。‎ ‎46. 考查名词。an act of…“……的一种行为”，介词后接名词。appreciate“感激”是动词，其名词形式是appreciation，是不可数名词。故填appreciation。‎ ‎47. 考查动词。句意：长久以来我有一种渴望，愿意给他们提供帮助，但是我犹豫不决的心理总是占上风。have a desire to do sth.“作……的渴望”是常用搭配。故填to reach。‎ ‎48. 考查名词。句意：也是在这一天，我有了一些像这样的想法：“如果他们拒绝了怎么办？” “如果他们说，他们不喜欢任何食物或者饮料怎么办？”……。根据语境，下文是许多想法，thought“想法”用复数。故填thoughts。‎ 短文改错 ‎1. 【贵州省贵阳市2018届高三适应性考试（一）】假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。‎ 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除: 把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。‎ 修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。‎ Knowing from your website that a competition for freely tickets to the Mulan musical is being held, I am writing apply for one. The following can well explain why I should deserve I. She was told about the story of Mulan by my grandpa when I am only three years old. Since then I have been crazy about the brave or dutiful girl. I’ve collected and read over 20 different book version of Mulan, seen all the Mulan movies and attend play performances twice. I’ve read if it’s an unbelievable show with wonderful songs, amazing costumes and remarkable sets. So you can imagine how exciting I am to hear the musical is coming to town. Thanks for organizing the competition and I hope I’ll be one of the lucky winners. If I am, the ticket can be sent it to 91 Remin Road.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】文中作者叙述了对花木兰的喜欢，写信申请网站的木兰音乐会免费票。‎ ‎1.freely→free.考查形容词。修饰名词tickets用形容词，此处指免费的票，故freely →free.‎ ‎2.writing后加to.考查动词不定式。此处是不定式表目的，指写信的目的是申请一张票。故writing后加to.‎ ‎3.She→I.考查代词。此处指代作者自己小时候就知道花木兰的故事，故She→I.‎ ‎4.am→was.考查动词时态。此处指作者三岁时，发生在过去用一般过去时，故am→was.‎ ‎5. or→ and.考查连词。此处指花木兰是一个勇敢尽职的女孩，两个形容词是并列关系，用and连接，故or→‎ ‎ and.‎ ‎6. version→ versions.考查名词。version是可数名词，由20 different修饰用复数，指20个不同版本。故version→ versions.‎ ‎7. attend→ attended.考查动词时态。此处是现在完成时，和and前的collected和seen并列用过去分词。故attend→ attended.‎ ‎8. if →that.考查连词。句中宾语从句是陈述句，不是疑问句，用that引导。故if →that.‎ ‎10.去掉it.考查代词。此处是被动语态，指票被送到91 Remin Road.it重复，故去掉it. ‎ ‎2. 【重庆市重点中学九校联盟2018届高三上学期第一次联合】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Sorry to hear that you failed in the monthly exams. As is known to us that life is not a smoothly journey, which is full of ups and downs, so never lose the heart. But there are some tips for you to follow. Firstly, learn from your experiences. It’s strongly suggested that you figured out and reflect on your mistakes. To avoid make the same errors, you may as well tum your teachers for help. Secondly, work out a detailed plan. Make sure it is easy and practical to carry out and you should reward you when goals achieving. Thirdly, moderate relaxation is a must, because all work and no play make Jack a dull boy. Last but not least, stick to your ideal, which serves as a compass, guiding and motivating you across tough times. Wish you good luck.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】朋友考试失败，作者给朋友介绍了几点战胜困难实现目标的建议。‎ ‎1. As—it.考查it用法。句中is known to us和后面的 that从句相连接是一个句子，不是非限制性定语从句。that从句是真正的主语，it作形式主语。故As—it.‎ ‎2. smoothly—smooth.考查形容词。此处修饰名词journey用形容词不用副词，指顺利的旅行，故smoothly—smooth.‎ ‎3.删除the.考查固定短语。lose heart “丧失信心”，是固定短语。之间不加冠词。故删除the.‎ ‎4. figured—figure.考查虚拟语气。此处suggest后加that引导的宾语从句，用虚拟语气。动词用（should）+动词原形，此处figure用原形。故figured—figure.‎ ‎9. make—makes.考查主谓一致。句中主语是all work and no play，指只工作不玩这种现象，是单数，谓语与之一致也用第三人称单数，故make—makes.‎ ‎10.across—through.考查介词。across “横过”,此处指度过艰难时期用through表示度过，故across—through.‎ ‎3. 【山东省聊城市2018届高三二模】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(/)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。‎ 修改： 在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。‎ Thank you so much for inviting me to take part in the winter camp organizing by your school in the coming winter holiday. Quite interested, I am writing to learn about farther details.‎ Above all, I wonder that it is convenient for you to inform me for the specific schedule in advance. Beside, this will be my first experience to participate in such a activity. Would you be kind enough to offer with any suggestions on whose items I specially need to take with me?‎ I am really excited and looking forward to it. I would appreciate if you could give me a reply at your earliest convenient.‎ ‎【答案】第一句 organizing 改成 organized 第二句 farther改成 further 第三句 that 改成 whether/if；for改成of 第四句 Beside 改成 Besides 第五句 a 改成 an 第六句 删掉 with；whose改成what 第九句 if 前面加上 it ；convenient改成convenience ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者很高兴被邀请去参加冬令营，作者想要更多地了解冬令营的信息。‎ 第一处：考查非谓语动词。organize与其逻辑主语the winter camp之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，所以第一句 organizing 改成 organized。‎ 第二处：考查further和father的区别。further可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能与farther换用，所以farther改成 further。‎ 第三处：考查宾语从句。我想知道你是否方便提前告知我具体的日程安排。whether/if it is convenient for you to inform me for the specific schedule in advance.作wonder的宾语，所以whether/if it is convenient for you to inform me for the specific schedule in advance.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，表示“是否”的含义，所以that 改成 whether/if。‎ 第四处：考查固定句型。it is convenient of sb. 某人很方便，是固定句型，所以for改成of。‎ 第五处：考查副词。此外，这是我第一次参加这样的活动。Beside意思是在……旁边，这里表示“此外”，所以第四句 Beside 改成 Besides。‎ 第六处：考查冠词。泛指“一次这样的活动”，且activity首字母发音是元音，所以用不定冠词an，第五句 a 改成 an。‎ 第七处：考查动词。offer当“提供”讲时，是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，所以第六句 删掉 with。‎ 第八处：考查宾语从句。what items I specially need to take with me作介词on的宾语，所以what items I specially need to take with me是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，所以用what，whose改成what。‎ 第九处：考查固定句型。I would appreciate it if如果能……的话，我将不胜感激，是固定句型，所以第九句 if 前面加上 it。‎ 第十处：考查固定短语。at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候，是固定短语，所以convenient改成convenience。‎ ‎4. 【山东省枣庄市2018届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I don’t remember exact how old I was when I began to ride a bike. I only remembered how I practiced riding a bike in early years. When I first successfully rode a bike, that remains a vivid memory, my brother helped me with holding the back seat of the bike while I was riding. “Wow, I did it!”, cried I, as soon as he noticed I was riding without his hands hold it! I learnt quickly, and soon, even though my feet were not touching the ground, but I was able to cycle around six kilometer a day to school! It’s so lovely to remember which happened at that time.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。修饰动词remember，用副词，所以exact改成exactly。‎ 考查时态。表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以remembered改成 remember。‎ 考查代词。我只记得在我早年，我是如何练习骑自行车的。表示“我的”，所以early前加my。‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。which remains a vivid memory作定语，修饰整个句子，所以which remains a vivid memory是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以that改成which。‎ 考查名词单复数。被six修饰，所以用名词复数，kilometer改成 kilometers。‎ 考查宾语从句。what happened at that time.作remember的宾语，所以what happened at that time.是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，which表示“哪一个”，而what表示“什么”，所以which改成what。‎ ‎5. 【山东省聊城市2018届高三一模】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Last week, our school hold an activity about how to help some poor children to go to school and live their childhood happy. First, some old textbooks were collected and sent to those children so that the books could reused by them. Second, we made speeches in the public to appeal to more people and organization to help and care for those poor children. Beside, after the speeches, some students even donated his pocket money and clothes. They were proud of that they did.‎ Thanks for the activity, I have made up my mind to do more to help the children in need, for giving is better than receive.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】文中作者介绍了上周学校组织的帮助贫困学生上学的活动及活动具体内容。‎ ‎1. hold→ held.考查动词时态。根据时间状语Last week可知本文是叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故hold→ held.‎ ‎2. happy→ happily.考查副词。此处修饰动词live用副词，指幸福地生活，故happy→ happily.‎ ‎3. reused前加be.考查被动语态。句中是情态动词的被动语态，结构为：could +be+过去分词。故reused前加be.‎ ‎4.删除public前the.考查固定短语。in public “公开地，当众”，是固定短语。故删除public前的the.‎ ‎5. organization→ organizations.考查名词。organization是可数名词，和and前的people并列，由more修饰用名词复数。故organization→ organizations.‎ ‎6. Beside→ Besides.考查副词。beside是介词，指“在…旁边”, besides是副词，“此外，而且”。此处表示此外，故Beside→ Besides.‎ ‎7.his→their.考查代词。此处指代句中提到的some students是复数，用their指代。故his→their.‎ ‎8.that→what.考查代词。此处指他们为他们所做的事感到自豪，指代他们所做的事，用what引导，故that→what.‎ ‎9.for→to.考查介词。thanks for “因…感谢”，thanks to “由于，幸亏”，此处表示由于，幸亏，故for→to.‎ ‎10. receive→ receiving.考查动词形式。和句中的giving对比，也用动词-ing形式，故receive→ receiving.‎ ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】Agatha didn’t tell me ______ she would pick up her son from school.‎ A. which B. when C. where D. what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查连接副词。句意：Agatha没有告诉我她什么时候去学校接她儿子。本题的从句属于tell后的宾语从句，从句中主谓宾和地点状语都有，应使用表示时间的连接副词when，故选B。‎ ‎2. 【2017届北京市东城区高三5月综合练习（二模）】 It is well known _____Confucius was born in the city of Qufu in Shandong province, China.‎ A. whether B. where C. that D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查连接词。句意：众所周知，孔子出生在中国山东省的曲阜市。本题中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故选C。‎ ‎3. 【2017届北京市海淀区高三5月期末练习（二模）】      is willing to volunteer in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is welcome to join us.‎ A. Whatever B. Whoever C. Whenever D. Wherever ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁愿意在2022年北京冬季奥运会做志愿者，都欢迎来加入我们。whoever引导主语从句时，意义相当于anyone who，即表示“任何人……都”“谁……谁就（都）”“不管是谁……那都”。故选B。‎ ‎4. 【2017届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟】The problem _______he will have his college education at home or abroad remains untouched.‎ A. how B. whether C. that D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：他到底是在国内还是在国外上大学这个问题仍然没有被触及。he will have his college education at home or abroad是对problem的解释说明，是同位语从句，根据句中的or可以应该用whether，whether...or...意为“是……还是……”，故选B。‎ ‎5. 【2017届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州、淮安四市高三下学期第三次模拟】— The rent of our flat will see a 20% rise this year?‎ ‎— Yes. That’s ______ I have compromised with the flat owner.‎ A. what B. where C. how D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们房子的租金今年将上涨20%。——是的，这就是我向房主妥协的地方。此处where引导表语从句，相当于the place （point）where，故选B.‎ ‎6. 【2017届天津市十二重点中学高三毕业班联考（二）】 What surprised us most is that be doesn’t know      the differences between the two books lie.‎ A. that B. what C. which D. where ‎【答案】D ‎7.【北京市大兴区2017届高三一模】      worries the public that air pollution is becoming more and more serious these days.‎ A. It B. That C. What D. This ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查it的用法。句意：这些天空气污染正变得越来越严重，这让公众担忧。本句用it作形式主语，真正的主语是that air pollution is becoming more and more serious these days，故选A。‎ ‎8. 【江苏省连云港市、徐州市、宿迁市2017届高三年级第三次模拟】We sell a lot of products offshore and the opportunity to open up markets in regions  ________ we don't currently sell a lot to is a great one.‎ A. where B. that C. what D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子成分，主句the opportunity is a great one，先行词是regions，定语从句we don’t currently sell a lot to中缺少to的宾语，所以只能用that或者which，故选B。‎ ‎9. 【江苏省苏锡常镇2017届高三英语教学情况调查（二）】The infrastructure of a country is ________ makes everything run well, including things like transport, irrigation, electricity and schools.‎ A. which B. that C. where D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一个国家的基础设施就是使一切运转正常的东西，包括运输、灌溉、电力和学校等。此处有实际意义表示“什么”，在表语从句中作主语用what引导，故选D。‎ ‎10.【江苏省淮阴中学2017届高三下学期期初考】 It’s true that beauty does not always meet with a single, uniform standard. A person’s cultural background, for example, may influence ______ he or she find attractive in others.‎ A. that B. which C. what D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：的确，美并不总是符合单一的、统一的标准，例如，一个人的文化背景可能会影响到他或她在别人眼中的吸引力。influence缺少宾语，因此后面是一个宾语从句；宾语从句中的find也缺少宾语，因此连接词既作influence的宾语，也作从句中find的宾语，根据句意，用what正确。故选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1. Hard work, along with dedicated revolutionary spirit is the fundamental guarantee to success,‎ which is _______ we should learn from the predecessors participating in the Long March.‎ ‎ A. that B. where C. how D. what ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词性从句 句意：勤劳和执着的革命精神是成功的根本保证，这也正是我们要向长征先烈们所学习的。此题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，在从句中learn一词后缺少宾语，故要使用what充当宾语成分来完成句子，故D项正确。‎ ‎【考点】考查名词性从句 ‎2. ____ is certain, though, is that the mystery of Stonehenge has never been fully explained and it still remains a puzzle.‎ ‎ A. It B. What C. Which D. That 试题分析：考查名词性从句。句意：然而，可以肯定的是，巨石阵从未被充分解释过，仍然是一个谜。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导主语从句，且引导词在从句中充当主语，故用what，选B项。A项句子应改成It is certain that…；D项that在名词性从句中不作成分。‎ ‎3. When asked, he said the years of peace were ____ everyone could lead a happy life.‎ ‎ A. that B. because C. when D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：当被问起时，他说和平年代就是所有人都能过着幸福生活的年代。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且在从句中充当时间状语。故用when，选C项，相当于the time when。‎ 考点：名词性从句 ‎4. Dozens of people were waiting with a camera for ______ seemed like hours, hoping to catch a glimpse of the US First Lady, Michelle Obama.‎ ‎ A. that B. when C. which D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：许多人带着照相机似乎等了几个小时，希望能抓拍到美国第一夫人米歇尔。此处for是介词，其后是宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语， 故选D。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句连接词的用法 ‎5. We feel we must speak up in the face of ________ we see as an overreach by the US government.‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. what D. whether ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：面对我们所见到的美国政府的这种越权举动，我们觉得我们必须要勇敢地站出来。of是介词，后面要接宾语，因此此句考查的是名词性从句中的宾语从句；填空线后面的从句中see后缺少宾语，且没有给出选择范围，故用what，故选C。‎ ‎【考点】考查名词性从句 ‎6. Sometimes, the kind of food we serve a person indicates _______ we show our gratitude to him or her. ‎ A. when B. what C. why D. how ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：有时，我们如何表达我们内心的感激之情体现在我们为他人提供的食物上。根据句意可知应用how来引导宾语从句。when表示时间，宾语从句中不缺成分，排除what；why表示原因。故选D项。‎ 考点：名词性从句 ‎7. The question was frequently put forward at the meeting _______ it is right to cancel the listening test in the English College Entrance Examination.‎ A. how B. where C. what D. whether ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：取消高考英语听力测试是否正确这一问题在会议中频繁被提出。此处需要一个具有 “是否”之意的连接词来引导后面的同位语从句，该从句解释说明前面的中心名词“The question”。故选D项。‎ 考点：名词性从句 ‎8. _______ a person matters his fate is more important than what his fate is.‎ A. Why B. When C. Whether D. How ‎【答案】D 考点：名词性从句 ‎9. It is a matter of ________ will be chosen to take the place of the former president of the company.‎ ‎ A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whose ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：谁会被选上去取代公司的前任主席很关键。此处为宾语从句中的介宾结构，在此结构中缺少主语且不存在让步关系，故选A。‎ 考点: 考查宾语从句连接词 ‎10. Winning the prize for Best Actor at the 64th Berlin film festival made Chinese actor Liao ‎ Fan realize ___ ‎ real success tastes like.‎ ‎ A. when B. how C. that D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：获得64届柏林电影节的最佳男演员奖让中国的演员廖凡认识到了真正的成功是什么滋味。realize后缺少宾语，这里用what引导宾语从句，所以选D。‎ 考点: 考查宾语从句 ‎11. ________ I have learnt from my early experiences is_________ we shouldn’t be overly enthusiastic about shopping by mobile phone because there is a high risk of being cheated.‎ ‎ A. That; that B. What; that ‎ C. That; because D. What; because ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我从以前的经历中学到的是我们不应该对手机购物过分热情，因为有被骗的危险。Is前面是主语从句，learnt后缺少宾语，应该用what引导；is后是表语从句，不缺少成分，用that引导，所以选B。‎ 考点: 考查名词性从句 ‎12. It is not just the size of the Olympic Games but ____they mean to us ___makes them unique. ‎ A．which, that B．that, what C．that, because D．what, that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：不是奥运会的规模大小而是奥运会的意义让它独一无二。第一空的what引导主语从句,what they mean to us与前面的not是并列结构。第二空使用that与it is构成强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。 故D正确。‎ 考点：考查强调句和主语从句 ‎13. As long as you’re clear about _______ you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.‎ A. when B. why C. where D. how ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：分析句子结构可知，where引导的名词性从句做介词about的宾语，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C。‎ 考点：名词性从句 ‎14. ____we will be admitted to an ideal university partly depends on our learning attitudes.‎ ‎ A. That B. What C. If D. Whether ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：我们是否会被理想的大学录取，在一定程度上，取决于我们的学习态度。通过分析句子结构，可知这个句子中包含一个主语从句，且引导词在从句中不但当任何成分，表示“是否”的意思，故用Whether，选D。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎15. It was not just the size of the school but ________ it provides for us students________ made it unique. A. that; that       B. what; that       C. what; what      D. that; what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：不是学校的规模而是它给学生提供的东西使得这个学校独特。这是强调句，还原成正常的句子是not just the size of the school but ________ it provides for us students made it unique.这样可以看出是not …but连接两个主语，第二个是主语从句，主语从句没有宾语，用what引导，第二空填that，构成强调句。选B。‎ 考点：考查主语从句和强调句 ‎16. impresses me most is Chinese students are well organized and disciplined. We should learn from them.‎ A.Which; what B. What; that C.What; whether D.That; what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：给我印象最深刻的是中国学生严谨、守纪律。我们应该向他们学习。这里 what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。选B。‎ 考点：考查名词性从句的连接词。‎ ‎17．Scientists say human activity contributes to climate change, but they do not agree on the rate_______ climate change may be developing. ‎ ‎ A. with which B. with that C. at which D. at that ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：此处with是介词，其后是介词的宾语从句，that在宾语从句中不作成分，没有意思，只起连接作用。句意：科学家们说人类活动导致气候变化，但是他们不同意气候变化的速度。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句的连接词 ‎18. I have no idea ______ measures the government will take to stop the air from being further polluted. ‎ A. which B. what C. that D. whose ‎【答案】B 考点：考查同位语从句 ‎19．When the students heard the alarm, they all hurried to they thought was an emergency exit door．‎ ‎ A．what B．which C．where D．who ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：此处to是介词，其后是介词的宾语从句，what在宾语从句作主语。句意：当学生们听到警报声，他们都急忙冲向他们认为的应急出口。‎ 考点：考查宾语从句的连接词。‎ ‎20．Tom told us all that he said at the meeting was really true．‎ ‎ A． that B． all C． what D． which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：汤姆告诉我们所有的人，在会议上他所说是真的。这里的all和us是同位语，做主句的宾语，that引导的是宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语是was really true，前面是主语从句，主语从句中用what引导，在句中作said的宾语。所以选C。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎ ‎ ‎