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高考英语二轮复习考前三个月专题一阅读理解细做模拟试题,题型分类突破四推理判断之细节推断题
只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。推理判断之细节推断题AWetalkaboutpeoplebeing“colourblind”butveryfewofusare.Eventhosewhodescribethemselvesascolourblindarenormallyjustcolourlack.Astronglycolourblindpersonwillstillbeabletotell20differentcolours,comparedtothe100orsothatnormalsightedpeoplesee.Pingelap,atinyislandinthePacific,isabeautifulspotbutonethathasagenetictrouble.ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecausesomanypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.Notbeingabletoseeincolourisbadenough.Butoneislander,Herrol,who’safisherman,alsostrugglesinfullsunlightbecauseallheseesisapainfulburntoutimage.“Ifinditdifficulttogooutsideinthesun,”hesays,“becausewhenit’ssunnyIcannotseetodomywork.”Butifbeingtrulycolourblindisrare,whyisitthataround10%ofthepopulationofPingelapliveinatotallyblackandwhiteworld?Well,weknowthatin1780thepopulationofPingelapwasallbutwipedoutbyatsunami(海啸).Asfewas20peoplesurvived,oneofwhomwastheking.It’sbelievedthathehadageneticfaultthatcausescolourblindnessandhepassedthisfaultontohismanygenerations.Thereisoneadvantage.Herrolcanseewell,reallywell,inthedark.Sowhenitgetsdark,Herrolandhisfriendsgetintheirboatsandhuntflyingfish.Theyhangupflamingtorchesandthefishareattractedtotheflames.“Thistypeoffishingisfun,”Herrolsays,“especiallyifwecatchplenty.Soeventhoughit’shardworkweenjoyit.”语篇解读 Pingelap岛因很多居民是色盲而闻名。人们认为由于统治该岛的一位国王是色盲,他将这一基因遗传给了他的后代。1.WhatisPingelapfamousas?A.Atinyisland.B.Abeautifulisland.C.Amentallytroubledisland.D.Acolourblindisland.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecauseso7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。manypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.”可知,Pingelap因为岛上很多居民是色盲而出名,故D项正确。2.WhatcanweinferaboutHerrol?A.Hemaystayathomewhenit’ssunny.B.Heisinterestedinburntoutimages.C.Helikestakingphotosverymuch.D.Hedoesn’tliveinPingelapanymore.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“‘Ifinditdifficulttogooutsideinthesun,’hesays,‘becausewhenit’ssunnyIcannotseetodomywork.’”可知,Herrol发现在阳光下他无法看清东西,所以无法工作;据此可以判断,阳光充足时他可能会待在家里,故A项正确。3.WhyareaboutonetenthofpeopleinPingelapseriouslycolourblind?A.BecausePingelapoftensuffersfromtsunamis.B.Becausethekinghadanunluckymarriage.C.Becausetheking’sgeneticfaultplayedarole.D.Becausethekingmadeaseriousmistake.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It’sbelievedthathehadageneticfaultthatcausescolourblindnessandhepassedthisfaultontohismanygenerations.”可知,人们认为该岛的国王是色盲,他将这一基因遗传给了后代,故岛上很多人是色盲,故C项正确。4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheIslandofColourblindnessB.TheDisadvantageofHerrolC.TheHistoryofPingelapD.TheAdvantageofColourblindness答案 A解析 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段第二句“ItisknownasColourblindIslandbecausesomanypeoplewholiveonthisremoteislandcanonlyseeinblackandwhite.”可知,本文主要介绍了色盲岛——Pingelap,故A项最适合作本文标题。BIrecentlygotpulledoverforspeedingnotfarfrommynewhomeinVirginia.Ihadn’tbeenpayingattention,andIhaddrivenafewmilesanhouroverthespeed7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。limit.“CanIseeyourlicenseandregistration?”thepoliceofficeraskedme.Ipulledbothoutforhim,andhesawmyPittsburghaddressonmyPennsylvaniadriver’slicense.“Whatareyoudoinghere?”heasked.“Areyouwiththearmy?”“No,I’mnot.”Ianswered.IexplainedthatIhadjustmovedtoVirginia,andIhadn’thadtimetoreregisteryet.“Sowhatbringsyouhere?”Hehadaskedadirectquestion.Withoutthinkingveryhard,Igavehimadirectanswer.“Well,officer,”Isaid,“sinceyou’veasked,Ihavecancer.Ihavejustmonthstolive.We’vemoveddownheretobeclosetomywife’sfamily.”“Soyou’vegotcancer,”hesaidflatly.Hewastryingtofiguremeout.WasIreallydying?WasIlying?Hetookalonglookatme.“Youknow,foraguywhohasonlyafewmonthstolive,yousurelookgood.”Hewasobviouslythinking:“Eitherthisguyispullingonebigfatlineonme,orhe’stellingthetruth.”Hewastryingtoquestionmyhonestywithoutdirectlycallingmealiar.AndsohehadforcedmetoprovethatIwasbeinghonest.“Well,officer,IknowthatIlookprettyhealthy.Ilookgreatontheoutside,butthetumorsareontheinside.”Andthen,Idon’tknowwhatpossessedme,butIjustdidit.Ipulledupmyshirt,showingtheoperationalscars.Helookedatmyscars.Helookedinmyeyes.Henowknewhewastalkingtoadyingman.Well,hewasn’ttakingthisanyfurther.Hehandedmebackmylicense.“Domeafavor.”hesaid,“Slowdownfromnowon.”Theawfultruthhadsetmefree.Ashewentbacktohispolicecar,Ihadarealization.Ihadbeenoneofthosegorgeousblondes(金发美女)whocouldbathereyelashesandgetoutoftickets.Idrovehomeunderthespeedlimit,andIwassmilinglikeabeautyqueen.语篇解读 本文讲述了作者因超速而被警察拦下,在与警察的一系列对话中得知作者患有癌症。从文章最后一个段落可以看出作者是一个乐观的人。5.Theauthorwasstoppedbythepoliceofficerbecause.A.hedidn’thavealicenseB.heforgottoreregisterC.hedrovetoofastD.hewasseriouslyill答案 C7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。解析 细节理解题。由第一段第二句“Ihadn’tbeenpayingattention,andIhaddrivenafewmilesanhouroverthespeedlimit.”可知,作者因超速行驶而被警察拦下,故选C。6.TheauthormovedtoVirginiaprobablybecause.A.hewashomesickB.hisfamilycouldbebettercaredforC.VirginiahadbetterhospitalsD.heservedinthearmythere答案 B解析 推理判断题。由第六段中的“Ihavecancer.Ihavejustmonthstolive.We’vemoveddownheretobeclosetomywife’sfamily.”可知,作者搬到这里是为了和他妻子的家人离得更近,可以使家人得到更好地照顾。故选B。7.Onhearingabouttheauthor’scancer,thepoliceofficer.A.saiditwasanexcuseB.showedsympathyforhimC.askedhimtoshowhisscarsD.doubtedhishonesty答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据文中第七段和第八段可以看出警察对作者的怀疑,故选D。8.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwas.A.adventurousB.optimisticC.dishonestD.romantic答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Idrovehomeunderthespeedlimit,andIwassmilinglikeabeautyqueen.”可知,作者是乐观的。故选B。CMalalaYousafzai,theteenactivistfromPakistan,hasjustbecometheyoungestpersonevertowinaNobelPrize.In2012,Malalasurvivedfrombeingshotbyterroristsforspeakingoutforagirl’srighttobeeducatedinhernativecountry.Sheisbeingrecognizedtodayforherglobalactivismoneducationforgirls.Winningthisawardisahugehonor,especiallyforsuchayoungperson.Malala’sjourneytotheNobelPrizehasnotbeeneasy.ShegrewupinadangerousdistrictofPakistancalledtheSwatValley.ThisareawastakenoverbytheTaliban.TheTalibanruledthedistrictwithanironfist.Theywereespeciallycruel7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。towomen,notallowingthemtogoshopping,havejobs,orgotoschool.In2009,Malalabeganspeakingoutpubliclyforeverygirl’srighttoaneducation.ShebloggedabouthowtheTalibandidn’twanthertogotoschool.Shealsocontinuedtoattendherlocalschool,despitethedangerinvolved.Then,in2012,theTalibantriedtokillMalalatosilenceher.TwoTalibangunmenshotherandtwootherstudentswhiletheywereonaschoolbus.MalalawasflowntotheUnitedKingdomforimmediatemedicaltreatment.Malalaeventuallyrecoveredfromherinjuries.ShenowlivesinBirmingham,England,andcontinuestoworkhardtosupportgirls’andwomen’srightsaroundtheworld.“Theterroriststhoughtthattheywouldchangemyaimsandstopmyambitions,”shesaid,“butnothingchangedinmylifeexceptthis.Weakness,fear,andhopelessnessdied.Strength,power,andcouragewereborn.”The17yearoldgirlfromPakistanissharingthe2014NobelPeacePrizewithachildren’sactivistKailashSatyarthi,whoisfromIndia.Satyarthileadsmanycampaignsdedicatedtoremovingchildlabor.9.Whatcanwemainlyinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.PeopleinPakistanwerebrave.B.WomeninPakistanwerenotallowedtogoshopping.C.TheTaliban’scrueltywassevere.D.Malala’sjourneycontributedtoherNobelPrize.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“TheTalibanruledthedistrictwithanironfist.Theywereespeciallycrueltowomen,notallowingthemtogoshopping,havejobs,orgotoschool.”可知,塔利班在所控制地区采取了残暴的统治,故选C。10.Afterrecoveringfrombeingshot,Malala.A.feltdepressedB.wasdevotedtoremovingchildlaborC.decidedtostopherambitionsD.continuedtofightforwomen’sright答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...andcontinuestoworkhardtosupportgirls’andwomen’srightsaroundthe7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。world.”可知,痊愈之后,她继续为女性权利而斗争。故选项B正确。11.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMalalaaccordingtothepassage?A.Sensitiveandstubborn.B.Devotedandfearless.C.Proudandoptimistic.D.Creativeandoutgoing.答案 B解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,MalalaYousafzai对女性权利事业非常忠诚,面对塔利班的威胁非常勇敢。故选项B正确。DMydearestsonanddaughter,ThestoryofNewJerseyhighschoolstudentRachelCanningsuingherparentsforchildsupportandhighschooleducationinspiredmetowriteyoualittleletter.Letmejustputthisoutthere:theonlywayIexpecttoseeyouinacourtisasalawyerorajudge.Therearetwothingsaboutthiscasethatseemtobedisaster.First,it’snaturalforparentsandchildrentoargue.Icanguaranteethatwewilldisagree.Oneorbothofyouwill,atsomepoint,screamatthetopofyourlungsthevariouswaysyouhateme.AndIwon’talwayslikeyou,either.ButIwillalwaysloveyouanddoeverythingIcantokeepyourbestinterestsasmyfocus,evenwhenI’msoangry.Wearefamily.Thatmeansweareasmuchapartofoneanotherastheflesh,bloodandbonesinourbody.Andweallshouldthinkaboutitverydeeplyinsteadofbreakingthatbond.Second,I’llbehonest,andnomatterhowfarapartweareonyourlifechoices,yourfatherandIwillmostcertainlypayeverythingwecanforyourhighereducation.Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoudeserveit.Tobeclear,thatisaprivilegewehappilyextend(给予)toyou—notarightyouarebornwith.Andyouwillhavetoworkhardtoearnthatprivilege.Growingupishardwork.IfIdomyjobproperlyasyourmother—andyoudoyoursasmychildren—youwouldsoonergetajobortwo,andfindawaytomakeyourdreamscometrueratherthangototrialoverwhatyouthinkyouareentitledto.Lovealways,Mom7 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力,才能尝到成功的滋味。语篇解读 本文为应用文。是一位妈妈写给她的孩子们的信。作者告诉孩子:一方面她很爱他们,会尽全力照顾他们;另一方面,家长支付孩子教育费用并非理所当然,还需孩子自己努力获得。12.Themotherwritesthisletterbecauseshewantsherchildrento.A.bepreparedforeducationB.learnalessonfromthecaseC.takeupthelegalprofessionD.rememberRachelCanning答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“ThestoryofNewJerseyhighschoolstudentRachelCanningsuingherparentsforchildsupportandhighschooleducationinspiredmetowriteyoualittleletter.”可知,妈妈写信的目的是想让孩子们从此案例中得到启示,故选B项。13.Whenindisagreement,themotherexpectsherchildrennotto.A.guaranteeanythingB.screamouttheirangerC.breakthefamilybondD.forgettheirbestinterests答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,父母和孩子意见不一致是很正常的,根据此段最后一句可知出现矛盾时,父母希望孩子不要破坏家庭成员之间的纽带,故选C项。14.Themotherthinksofparents’payingfortheirchildren’shighereducationas.A.awayinwhichchildrenrealizetheirdreamsB.atestofwhetherparentslovetheirchildrenC.aprivilegethatchildrenshouldearnD.arightthatparentsarebornwith答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Tobeclear,thatisaprivilegewehappilyextend(给予)toyou—notarightyouarebornwith.”可看出,这个妈妈认为父母支付孩子的教育费用是父母乐意给予孩子的特权,但并非孩子生来就有的,故选C项。7查看更多