【英语】2020届二轮复习语法基础第四讲动词短语学案（江苏专用）

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法基础第四讲动词短语学案（江苏专用）

‎[学生用书P120(单独成册)]‎ ‎(建议用时：30分钟)‎ 单项填空 ‎1．The Chang’e 4 lunar probe’s landing on the moon’s far side on Jan.3, 2019 ________ a new chapter in mankind’s exploration of the moon.‎ A．predicts　　　　　　　 B．marks C．approves D．shapes B　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：嫦娥四号月球探测器于2019年1月3日登陆月球背面，标志着人类探索月球的新篇章。mark“是……的迹象，成为……的征兆，表明”，符合语境。predict“预测”；approve“批准，认可”；shape“塑造，决定……的形成”。‎ ‎2．(2019·江苏名校高三摸底)China’s scifi feature film The Wandering Earth ________ 349 million dollars at the box office during its first week of release.‎ A．took in B．turned over C．added up D．came at A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国科幻电影《流浪地球》在上映的第一周就获得了3.49亿美元的票房收入。take in“收进，赚进”符合语境。turn over“翻身，发动，营业额为……”；add up“(把……)加起来”；come at“涌向，涌至”。‎ ‎3．Once you are in the habit of ________ life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down.‎ A．rushing through B．going through C．settling into D．getting into A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦你养成了匆匆忙忙生活的习惯，从早到晚都在奔波，你就很难放慢脚步。根据句中的“being on the go from morning till night”可知，rush through“仓促处理”，符合语境。go through“经历”；settle into“适应”；get into“参与，开始”。‎ ‎4．(2019·南京、盐城一模)Last December China ________ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and openingup.‎ A．distinguished B．sponsored C．acknowledged D．evaluated C　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：去年12月，中国对100名中国人和10名外国人为中国改革开放做出的杰出贡献表示感谢。acknowledge“感谢”，符合语境。distinguish“区分，辨别”；sponsor“赞助”；evaluate“评估，评价”。‎ ‎5．—We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale ________．　‎ ‎—Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?‎ A．fell through B．got through C．cleared up D．looked up A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。——我们为我们的房子找到了一个买主，但后来买卖失败了。——为什么不在网上登个广告来宣传呢？fall through“落空，成为泡影”，符合语境。get through“到达，顺利通过考试”；clear up“转晴，清理”；look up“仰视，改善”。‎ ‎6．(2019·苏北三市高三质检)Being an experienced lecturer, Mr. Black ________ his speech to suit a younger audience.‎ A．simplified B．addressed C．exchanged D．delivered A　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，Black先生简化他的演讲来适应更年轻的听众。simplify“简化”，符合语境。address“演讲，写(收信人)姓名地址”；exchange“交换”；deliver“传送，发表”。‎ ‎7．They ________ with joy when they heard that their class won first place in the relay race.‎ A．picked up B．split up C．took up D．sprang up D　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当听到他们班在接力赛中获得第一名时，他们高兴地跳了起来。spring up“跳起来”，符合语境。pick up“拾起”；split up“分手”；take up“开始从事，占据”。‎ ‎8．I prefer a table that can be________when not used so that it may save a lot of space.‎ A．cleared up B．folded up C．fixed up D．taken up B　解析：考查动词短语。句意：我喜欢不用的时候能够被折叠的桌子，这样它能节省许多空间。clear up清理，放晴，整理；fold up折叠；fix up安装；take up占用。根据so that的从句内容判断。故选B。‎ ‎9．The plans got________in the approval process，so everyone had to stop and wait until the ‎ application forms came back from the ministry.‎ A．struck B．occupied C．stuck D．delivered C　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：计划在审批过程中停滞不前，因此每个人不得不停下来等待，直到申请表从部长那里返回来。strick打，敲击，打动；occupy占有，占用；stick困住；deliver传送；get stuck in被困住。故选C。‎ ‎10．As time goes by, it’s inevitable that many new changes will be ________ in China’s stock market.‎ A．brought about B．put forward C．set out D．left off A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，中国的股票市场不可避免地将会发生许多新的变化。bring about“引起，促成，导致”，符合语境。put forward“提出，推荐”；set out“陈述，出发，动身，开始做”；leave off“不包括，遗漏”。‎ ‎11．We are not supposed to escape from difficulties in that they can ________ our best qualities.‎ A．make out B．work out C．carry out D．bring out D　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不应该逃避困难，因为困难能让我们最好的品质显现出来。根据句意，表示“使显现”要用bring out。而make out“理解，辨认出”；work out“算出，实现，制定出”；carry out“执行，完成”，均不符合句意。‎ ‎12．He hadn’t been asked to the party and was feeling very ________．　‎ A．turned down B．broken down C．stressed out D．left out D　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他没有被邀请参加晚会，他强烈地感到(自己)被忽略了。turn down“拒绝，调低”；break down“发生故障，分解”；stress out“使焦虑不安”；leave out“省去，忽略”。四个选项都为过去分词形式，表示状态；根据语境可知，因为他没有被邀请，所以他感到被忽略了。故选D。‎ ‎13．The only way to live happily with others is to________their faults and admire their virtues.‎ A．overlook B．justify C．clarify D．acknowledge A　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：和其他人一起幸福生活的唯一方法就是忽略别人的缺点并赞美他们的优点。overlook忽略；justify证明；clarify分类；acknowledge承认。根据题意选A。‎ ‎14．—How did Professor Li’s lecture impress you?‎ ‎—I just heard his voice but couldn’t________ what he was saying.‎ A．pick out B．make out C．think out D．squeeze out B　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你对李教授的演讲印象如何？——我只是听到他的声音，但不清楚他说的是什么。pick out挑选出，认出；make out看清，听清；think out想出；squeeze out榨出，榨取。根据题意选B。‎ ‎15．You have to find very experienced people to do all this work so as to ________ quality.‎ A．distinguish B．adjust C．accumulate D．guarantee D　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：你必须找非常有经验的人来做所有的这些工作以保证质量。guarantee“保证，确保”符合语境。distinguish“区别”；adjust“调整”；accumulate“积累”。‎ ‎16．It is important that climatefriendly technologies should be ________ to developing countries to help them build a green economy.‎ A．transformed B．communicated C．committed D．transferred D　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：应该向发展中国家转让气候友好型技术以帮助其发展绿色经济，这是很重要的。根据句意，表示“转移，转让”要用动词transfer。而transform“改变，使……变形”；communicate“传达，交流”；commit“犯(罪)，做(错事)”，均不符合句意。‎ ‎17．Since his father got ill in hospital last year, Tom has ________ the running of the family firm from his old father.‎ A．taken over B．taken off C．taken up D．taken on A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：自汤姆的父亲去年生病住院以来，‎ 汤姆就从年迈的父亲手里接管了这个家族企业。take over“接管”，符合语境。take off“脱下，起飞”；take up“占据，从事”；take on“呈现，承担(责任)”。‎ ‎18．As a teacher, I often use this celebrity’s experience to ________ the message to my students that they should have their own dream for the future.‎ A．declare B．convey C．summarize D．attach B　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：作为教师，我经常利用这位名人的经历来向我的学生们传达这样一个信息：他们应该有他们自己对未来的梦想。declare“宣布”；convey“传递，表达”；summarize“总结”；attach“贴，附上”。‎ ‎19．Making your potential employer honest and ________ to you can give you insights into how happy you’ll be as one of their colleagues.‎ A．call out B．make up C．open up D．get through C　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：让你的潜在老板讲诚信且对你开诚布公会让你知道成为他们的同事之一是多么幸福的事情。根据题干中的“honest”可知，open up“直抒胸臆，畅所欲言”符合语境。call out意为“大声叫喊，呼唤”；make up to sb.意为“奉承，讨好”；get through to sb.意为“使某人理解(所说的话)”。‎ ‎20．(2019·江苏名校摸底)If you want to know the flight schedule, please ________ at the booking office.‎ A．inquire　　 B．acquire C．require　 D．request A　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：如果你想了解航班时刻表，请在售票处咨询。inquire“询问，打听”；acquire“获得，得到”；require“需要”；request“请求，要求”。‎ ‎21．It was the man________ on the bed with his eyes open who ________the book open on the desk just now.‎ A．lain；lay　　 B．lying；laid C．lay；lay　 D．lying；lied B　解析：句意：刚才将书打开放在桌上的人就是那位躺在床上睁着眼睛的男人。根据句子结构可知，这是一个强调句，即it was...who...结构。强调作主语的the man，其后的“lying on the bed with his eyes open”在句中作定语，修饰the man，lying是lie的现在分词形式，‎ 表示“躺，平躺”。后面的谓语动词laid的原形是lay，表示“搁，放置”。‎ ‎22．Unless all his demands were ________，he would refuse to sign the agreement，he insisted.‎ A．met B．permitted C．allowed D．replied A　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：他坚持说，除非他的要求得到了满足，否则他拒绝签合同。meet(＝satisfy) one’s demands(wishes/conditions/needs)“满足某人的需求(愿望/条件/需要)”。其他三项不符合句意。‎ ‎23．Now in China many young people ________ important positions in the government.‎ A．seize B．catch C．grasp D．hold D　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：现在在中国，很多年轻人在政府部门担任重要职务。hold有“担任，任职”的意思。如：How long has he held office? 他任职有多久了？‎ ‎24．He really wanted a bigger pay raise but decided to ________ what they offered.‎ A．stand for B．allow for C．answer for D．settle for D　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他(原来)真的想要更大幅度的加薪，但决定勉强接受他们所提供给他的(工资)。stand for“代表，支持”；allow for“考虑到”；answer for“对……负责”；settle for“勉强接受”。根据句意选D。‎ ‎25．Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, through which I can ________ and see more clearly my own language.‎ A．take back B．look back C．turn back D．get back B　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：学习另一种语言就像走出一扇门，通过它我可以回顾并更清楚地理解自己的语言。take back意思是“拿回，撤销”；look back意思是“回顾，回头看”；turn back意思是“往回走，阻挡”；get back意思是“回来，恢复”。根据句意可知答案为B项。‎ ‎26．He didn’t ________ what I read because his mind was on something else.‎ A．hold on B．catch on C．take in　　 D．get over C　解析：考查动词短语辨析。take in(＝understand)“理解”；hold on“(打电话时)不要挂断”；catch on“明白(作不及物动词用)”；get over“克服”。根据语境应选C项。‎ ‎27．I think Jack will ________ a good monitor，so I’d like to vote for him.‎ A．turn B．change C．make D．elect C　解析：考查动词辨析。此处make表示“成为”。假如选择A项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词a。‎ ‎28．Mary and John were once good friends, but then they had a quarrel and ________．‎ A．broke up B．broke off C．broke down D．broke away A　解析：考查动词短语。句意：玛丽和约翰原来是好朋友，但后来吵了一架便绝交了。根据题干中的“had a quarrel”可知，break up“绝交，解散”符合语境。break off“中止，折断”；break down“分解，出故障，镇压”；break away“逃脱，脱离”。‎ ‎29．Thousands of soldiers are working to ________ food and blankets to the earthquake victims.‎ A．introduce B．distribute C．submit D．present B　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：成千上万的士兵正在给地震灾民分发食物和毛毯。distribute“分配，分发”符合语境。introduce“介绍，使初次了解”；submit“提交”；present“颁发，授予”。‎ ‎30. —How much did the guy ________ you to fix your 4G mobile phone?‎ ‎—I don’t remember，but it was quite a lot.‎ A．cost　　 B．spend C．charge　　 D．take C　解析：考查动词辨析。charge在此作动词用，是“索价”的意思。charge sb.some money to do sth.“为做某事向某人索价”。‎ ‎31．Upon entering the room, I found the place comforted me even before my eyes ________ the dark.‎ A．set aside B．turned down C．adjusted to D．drove away C　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：一进入房间，甚至在我的眼睛适应黑暗之前，这地方便让我觉得很舒适了。adjust to“适应”符合语境。set aside“省出，留出”；turn down“拒绝”；drive away“驱赶”。‎ ‎32．If you do fall out of the boat，your life jacket will help you to ________until we can find you out.‎ A．stay up　　 B．come up C．make up　　 D．stand up A　解析：句意：如果你从船上掉下去的话，你的救生衣会帮你不下沉，直到我们找到你。stay up“不倒，不沉”；come up“走过来”；make up“编造，组成”；stand up“起立”。‎ ‎33．Everyone should learn something about first aid，for every second will ________ in an emergency.‎ A．play B．count C．happen D．show B　解析：句意：每个人都应该学点急救知识，因为在紧急情况下每一秒都很重要。play“玩”；count“起关键作用”；happen“发生”；show“展示”。‎ ‎34．As we are companions in difficult situations, I will not ________， unconcerned about your troubles.‎ A．look on B．wait on ‎ C．hang on D．catch on A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：既然我们是患难之交，对你的困难我就不会袖手旁观。look on“袖手旁观”；wait on“伺候，招待”；hang on“坚持”；catch on“理解，流行起来”。‎ ‎35．Faced with a problem，you have to ________ it first，and then try to find a solution.‎ A．resemble　　 B．substitute C．concentrate　　 D．analyze D　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：面对问题，你必须先分析，然后尽力找出解决办法。resemble“看起来像”；substitute“代替”；concentrate“集中(注意力)”；analyze“分析”。由句意知选D项。‎ ‎36．Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to ________ a scientific theory.‎ A．confirm B．claim C．conclude D．calculate A　解析：考查动词辨析。confirm“证实”；claim“声称，断言”；conclude“得出结论”；calculate“计算，估计”。句意：由观察和实验得出的证据通常被用来证实科学理论。‎ ‎37．The little boy was so careless with his spelling that he often ________ letters from words.‎ A．left out B．left behind C．left off D．left alone A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。leave out“遗漏”；leave behind“留下，遗留”；leave off “停止，中断”；leave alone“不打扰；不干涉”。依据前面提及的careless可知，这里应该是将单词的字母遗漏了。故选A项。‎ ‎38．—In New Zealand, the Maori people ________ a strong cultural tradition.‎ ‎—We should learn from them in the effort to preserve our culture.‎ A．advocate B．maintain C．establish D．digest B　解析：考查动词辨析。句意：——在新西兰，毛利人保持着深厚的文化传统。——我们应该向他们学习，努力保护我们的文化。根据答语中的“preserve our culture”可知maintain“保持，保养，坚持”符合语境。‎ ‎39．The government has agreed to pay the firms extra sums to ________ for their financial losses.‎ A．make up B．bring up C．fill up D．look up A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。make up“弥补”；bring up“抚养”；fill up“(使)充满”；look up“查找”。‎ ‎40．If you hear the fire alarm at ten o’clock this morning, don’t ________ it, for the engineers are merely testing it.‎ A．take possession of B．take advantage of ‎ C．take notice of D．take charge of ‎ C　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你们今天上午10点钟听到防火警报器(响的声音)，请不要在意，因为工程师们只是在测试它。take notice of意为“注意，理会”，‎ 符合语境。take possession of意为“占有，拥有”；take advantage of意为“利用”；take charge of意为“负责”。‎