【英语】重庆市第一中学2020届高三上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

【英语】重庆市第一中学2020届高三上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

重庆市第一中学2020届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A By the end of the year, editors of New York Times have picked the 4 best books of 2019, including fiction and non-fiction. Let’s see which one will take your fancy.‎ Disappearing Earth By Julia Phillips In the first chapter of this novel, two young girls vanish, sending shock waves through a town on the edge of the remote and mysterious Kamchatka Peninsula. What follows is a novel of overlapping short stories about the different women who have been affected by their disappearance. Each tale pushes the narrative forward another month and exposes the ways in which the women of Kamchatka have been destroyed — personally, culturally and emotionally — by the crime.‎ No Visible Bruises By Rachel Louise Snyder Snyder’s thoroughly reported book covers what the World Health Organization has called “a global health problem”. In America alone, more than half of all murdered women are killed by a current or former life partner; domestic violence cuts across lines of class, religion and race. Snyder reveals pervasive myths (restraining orders are the answer, abusers never change) and writes movingly about the lives (and deaths) of people on both sides of the equation. She doesn’t give easy answers but presents a wealth of information that is its own form of hope.‎ Midnight in Chernobyl By Adam Higginbotham Higginbotham’s superb account of the April 1986 explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant is one of those rare books about science and technology that read like a tension-filled thriller. Filled with vivid detail and sharply etched personalities, this narrative of astonishing incompetence moves from mistake to mistake, miscalculation to miscalculation, as it builds to the ‎ inevitable, history-changing disaster.‎ Exhalation By Ted Chiang Many of the nine deeply beautiful stories in this collection explore the material consequences of time travel. Reading them feels like sitting at dinner with a friend who explains scientific theory to you with no airs and graces. Each thoughtful, elegantly crafted story poses a philosophical question; Chiang arranges all nine into a conversation that comes full circle, after having travelled through remarkable areas.‎ ‎1. Which of the following tells about the violence from a husband to a wife in a family?‎ A. Disappearing Earth B. No Visible Bruises C. Midnight in Chernobyl D. Exhalation ‎2. How may readers feel when reading the book Midnight in Chernobyl?‎ A. Delighted. B. Awkward.‎ C. Tense. D. Calm.‎ ‎3. What kind of book is Exhalation?‎ A. A folk tale. B. A biography.‎ C. A love story. D. A sci-fi story.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了纽约时报推荐的2019年度最佳书籍。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中In America alone, more than half of all murdered women are killed by a current or former life partner可知，仅在美国一半以上被谋杀的妇女是被现任或前任男友杀害。这是与家庭暴力有关的内容，所以选择第三段对应的书籍。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中第一句话Higginbotham’s superb account of the April 1986 explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant is one of those rare books about science and technology that read like a tension-filled thriller.（希金博塔姆对1986年4月切尔诺贝利核电站爆炸的高超描述是那些罕见的关于科学和技术的书籍之一，读起来就像一部充满张力的惊悚片。）可推断，这本书读起来像一部充满紧张气氛的惊悚片。A.delighted高兴的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.tense紧张的；D.calm平静的。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中的关键词time travel和 scientific theory可知，时光旅游和科学理论是有关科幻方面的，因此这是一本科幻故事方面的书籍。故选D。‎ B On a freezing December morning Matthew Warwick, then a 20-year-old college student, climbed on the edge of Waterloo Bridge in London. That morning, Matthew escaped from a mental health hospital, where he’d been diagnosed with schizo-affective disorder. He headed straight to the bridge, convinced that his disease was a life sentence.‎ Hundreds of people passed by. Only one man called Alex Owen, then 25, calmly and quietly walked to Matthew’s side.‎ ‎“You’re alright, man? Why are you sitting on a bridge?”‎ At first Matthew wanted Alex to leave him alone, but something in Alex’s calm, down-to-earth manner struck a chord. Matthew felt faith, like he could talk to him.‎ ‎“It’s cold here. Why not have some coffee in a warm cafe? Everything will be OK.” For the first time after the diagnosis Matthew felt perhaps it really might. He climbed back.‎ The police, having received calls from passers-by, were waiting there. They quickly put him into a police car, in case he was to panic and jump. He lost sight of Alex, the person who’d brought him hope.‎ Matthew ended up back in hospital. Eventually, he was well enough to return to university and finish his degree. Over the next six years, Matthew often thought about the stranger who had talked him round. Eager to thank him in person, he posted a Facebook message nicknaming the good man Mike. His Find Mike post was shared millions of times around the world, as far as Canada.‎ Matthew was overexcited when Alex called him two weeks after his post. They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago.‎ ‎“Many people walked past, but because of Alex’s kindness and sympathy, I’ve lived a good life.” Matthew said.‎ ‎4. Why did Matthew climb up the bridge?‎ A. He was badly treated in the hospital. B. His disease made him lose hope.‎ C. He wanted to draw people’s attention. D. He studied poorly in the college.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined phrase “struck a chord” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. Touched his heart. B. Drew his attention.‎ C. Aroused his interest. D. Blew his mind.‎ ‎6. Which of the following best describes Alex?‎ A. Diligent. B. Strong-willed.‎ C. Caring. D. Generous.‎ ‎7. How did Matthew find Alex?‎ A. By visiting homes door-to-door. B. By calling their friends.‎ C. By asking the police. D. By posting a message online.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了20岁的大学生Matthew因身患疾病失去了对生活的希望，过路的Alex与他的一番对话使他感受到了善意和温暖，于是重燃生活的希望并回到医院接受治疗最后康复出院。读完大学后他开始寻找Alex，希望向他当面表示感谢，二人见面后来到了咖啡馆喝咖啡，这是当年Alex对Matthew提出的邀请。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中He headed straight to the bridge, convinced that his disease was a life sentence.可知，Matthew直奔大桥，确信自己的病是无期徒刑。因此，他的病让他失去了生活的希望。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第四段中At first Matthew wanted Alex to leave him alone（起初Matthew想让Alex不要管他），Matthew felt faith, like he could talk to him.（Matthew感受到了信心，好像他能和Alex说说话）可知，but之后的内容应为“Alex冷静、脚踏实地的态度对马修产生了影响”，因此A 项 ( 触动他的内心) 的描述符合文意。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Only one man called Alex Owen, then 25, calmly and quietly walked to Matthew’s side.和第八段Matthew was overexcited when Alex called him two weeks after his post. They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago.可知，Alex 作为一个过路人去关心Matthew，几年之后在Matthew寻找Alex时，Alex做出回应并和Matthew相聚。可以看出Alex是一个有爱心的人。A. diligent勤奋的；B.‎ ‎ strong-willed意志坚定的；C. caring有爱心的；D. generous慷慨的，大方的。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第七段和第八段中he posted a Facebook message nicknaming the good man Mike.和 Matthew was overexcited when Alex called him two weeks after his post.可知，Matthew通过在网上发帖找到了Alex。故选D。‎ C Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except what makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.‎ The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a mistaken concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?‎ A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being throws some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more all-round assessment of how countries are performing.‎ While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of common themes. Yes, there has been an economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society, income equality and environment.‎ This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the only measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.‎ So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not ‎ include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes — all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.‎ ‎8. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he _______.‎ A. praised the UK for its GDP B. identified GDP with happiness C. misinterpreted the role of GDP D. had a low opinion of GDP ‎9. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______.‎ A. the UK is unwilling to reshape its economic pattern B. many people in the UK don’t think much of GDP as the measure of success C. the UK will contribute less to the world economy D. policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP ‎10. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?‎ A. Its results are inspiring. B. It is sponsored by 163 countries.‎ C. Its criteria are questionable. D. It removes GDP as an indicator.‎ ‎11. What is the author’s attitude towards GDP as the most common measure of a country’s success?‎ A. Favorable. B. Indifferent.‎ C. Critical. D. Defensive.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章通过英国脱欧这个案例来引出需要考虑GDP这个评价机制的好坏，GDP 已经不能全面衡量一个国家的进步与发展。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except what makes life worthwhile.”中可以看出Kennedy 认为一个国家的GDP衡量的是“除了使生命有价值之外的一切”。所以作者引用Kennedy的话语是为了表明Kennedy也不看好GDP的作用，使文章更具有说服力。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段 “By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about ‎ what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?”可知，以最新的标准衡量，英国的GDP一直是西方世界羡慕的对象，失业率创下历史新低和经济高速增长。如果一切进展顺利，那么为什么有超过1700万人投票支持英国脱欧呢? 因此可以推断出，在英国，很多人并不认为GDP是衡量成功的标准。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more all-round assessment of how countries are performing.可知，年度研究得到的启示是，为了对各国的表现进行更全面的评估，在卫生、教育和民众的社会参与度方面对超过40多套标准进行了衡量，而不仅仅是关注国内生产总值GDP，这个结果是令人振奋的。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Kennedy对于GDP的看法得到了作者的认可，虽然GDP一直是衡量各国经济活动的最常用方法，但作为一种衡量手段，它已经远远不够。它不包括所有有助于人的幸福感的因素，例如环境质量或教育成果等重要因素。因此，作者对GDP作为衡量一个国家成功的最常用指标持有“批判”的态度。A. favorable赞许的；B. indifferent漠不关心的；C. critical批判的；D. defensive 戒备的。故选C。‎ D This year marks exactly two centuries since the publication of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of fiction that would foresee many ethical(道德的) questions to be raised by technologies yet to come. Today the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) raises fundamental questions: “What is intelligence, identity, or consciousness? What makes human conscience(良知)？”‎ What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade(难倒) scientists. Yet humans remain fascinated by the idea of robots that would look, move, and respond like humans, similar to those recently on popular sci-fi TV series such as “West World” and “Humans”.‎ How people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist. “We are just in a situation where there are no good theories explaining what consciousness actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.”‎ But that doesn’t mean essential ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, raises difficult ethical questions. Human drivers sometimes must make split-second decisions. Their reactions may be a complex combination of instant reflections, input from past driving experiences, and what their eyes and ears tell them in that moment. AI “vision” today is not nearly as complicated as that of humans. And to foresee every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.‎ Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI. Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines. Britain is setting up a data ethics center. India released its AI ethics strategy this spring.‎ Only when we can make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.‎ ‎12. Why did the author mention Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein at the beginning of the passage?‎ A. Because it has remained popular for as long as 200 years.‎ B. Because it fascinates AI scientists all over the world.‎ C. Because it has sparked serious ethical controversies.‎ D. Because it involves some concerns raised by AI today.‎ ‎13. In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousness ________‎ A. helps explain artificial intelligence. B. can be misleading to robot making.‎ C. inspires popular sci-fi TV series. D. is too limited for us to reproduce it.‎ ‎14. The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehicles ________‎ A. can hardly ever be found. B. is still beyond our power.‎ C. causes little public concern. D. has aroused much curiosity.‎ ‎15. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A. AI’s Future: In the Hands of Tech Giants B. Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age of AI C. The Conscience of AI: Complex But Unavoidable D. AI Shall Be Killers Once Out of Control ‎【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能产生的基本伦理问题，各国都在致力于制定使用人工智能的准则。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中that would foresee many ethical(道德的) questions to be raised by technologies yet to come可知，在电灯泡发明之前，Mary Shelley就已经写出了一部了不起的小说，预见到许多由未来的技术产生的道德问题。此句中 ethical questions 可同义替换选项D中的concern，D项意为“因为它涉及到今天人工智能产生的一些问题”，符合原文语意。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中We are just in a situation where there are no good theories explaining what consciousness actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.可知，因为没有好的理论可以解释意识是什么以及如何制造一台机器去获得意识，因此D项（我们目前对于意识的理解能力是有限的，无法做到将意识进行复制）的描述符合文意。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中AI “vision” today is not nearly as complicated as that of humans. And to foresee every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.可知，当下，人工智能的思维还不能达到人类的精密程度，让机器去预设每一种驾驶情形是一个困难的编程问题。由此说明，去解决人工智能所带来的道德问题目前是在人类的能力范围之外的。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文首段通过引用Mary Shelley的书引出本文要探讨的话题：新技术所引发的道德问题。特别是最后一段Only when we can make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.指出了只有当我们能够确定智能机器的思想反映了人类的最高价值观时，它们才是有用的仆人，而不是弗兰肯斯坦所描述的失控的怪物。因此AI所涉及的道德问题已经无法回避，虽然问题很复杂，但也要去解决。文中多处复现了AI和conscience这两个关键词。因此C项(人工智能的良知：复杂但不可避免)作为标题合适。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Even if you don’t know the more complex aspects of index funds, everyone generally knows what it means to be good with money. Spend less than your earn, save for the future, stay out of debt.‎ ‎___16___ In fact, when we are talking about money management, we are actually talking about our psychological relationship with money. Fundamentally, our financial problems come from unmet needs. In the case of compulsive overspending, the problem is almost never that a person lacks self-control. ___17___‎ If you overspend on clothing you don’t actually believe you need 1,000 items in your closet. More likely, you are uncomfortable with your body or status. Clothing helped you feel good about yourself in the past. ____18____ If overspending on restaurants, you are not so lazy that you can’t be bothered to cook a single meal. Rather, you are exhausted from doing things you don’t want to do. You need to give yourself energy in the form of a food high, one that will temporarily mask your unhappiness.‎ The path to true financial health is not to reduce your life to a tight budget, ____19____ Instead of letting yourself be controlled by uncomfortable impulses, financial health is all about creating a budget that allows you to do what you truly desire in life.‎ If your problem is low self-worth, invest strategically in things that will make you feel worthy. Maybe it’s a few amazing pieces of clothing that are tailored well and last long. Maybe it’s a few sessions of therapy. If your problem is burnout, invest in rest and relaxation. ___20___‎ When something shifts within you, something shifts around you. Not the other way around.‎ A. Now, you think you are always one dress away from feeling at peace in your own skin.‎ B. Consider reducing your working hours, or setting aside money for a personal trip.‎ C. However, it’s easier to say than to do.‎ D. but to turn to financial consultants for advice on how to manage your bank account.‎ E. Rather, he usually has an unmet basic need which he is addressing through overspending.‎ F. Money principles are simple; it’s human psychology that’s complex.‎ G. but to take an honest look at your needs and meet them with long-term solutions.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了金钱的管理原则，即花的钱要比挣的少，为将来存钱，不要欠债并分析了过度消费的原因。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上一段中Spend less than your earn, save for the future, stay out of debt.可知，花的钱要比挣的少，为将来存钱，不要欠债。这是F项的money principles（金钱管理原则）的具体内容。根据空后In fact, when we are talking about money management, we are actually talking about our psychological relationship with money.可知，实际上当我们谈论金钱管理时，我们实际上是在谈论我们与金钱的心理关系，F项的psychology与后面psychological对应，因此F项（金钱管理原则很简单，是人类的心理复杂）符合上下文语境。故选F项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据本段内容可知，从根本上说，我们的财政问题来自于未满足的需求，强迫性超支发生的原因并不是一个人缺乏自控力。因此E项（而是说他通过超支来解决他未得到满足的基本需要）与上文连接通顺。故选E项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 空前讲“你不停的买衣服不是真正的需要那么多，而是为了掩盖对身体的不满意或体现自己的身份和地位，衣服可以让你感觉良好”。 A项（现在你认为你总是差一件衣服就会让自己获得内心的平静）能够承接上文，这一部分是在谈在衣服方面的过度支出。本段下一部分是谈在餐馆消费方面的过度支出。故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 空前讲“真正的财务健康之路不是把你的生活缩减到一个紧张的预算”。 G项（而是要诚实地看待你的需求，并从长期的角度找到解决方案来满足它们）能够承接上文，且与下文“金融健康不是让自己被不舒服的冲动所控制，而是创造一个预算，让你在生活中做你真正想要做的事。” 在语意逻辑上通顺。故选G项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据空前内容可知，如果你的问题是“太累了”，那就在休息和放松上进行投资。因此B项（考虑减少你的工作时间或者预留一些钱来一次个人旅行）具体解释了如何投资，与上文连接通顺。故选B项。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ One day, Luke Fortune drove from Oregon to Portland, where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning, he ___21___ the car’s window had been broken, along with his ___22___ for the future: his computer was ___23___. “Everything important to me was on that computer,” said Fortune. “I felt ___24___.”‎ Two days after the ___25___, another young man called Fortune. Masoud Almazrouei was an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He’d been ___26___ by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei ___27___ a computer, so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. Within seconds, he saw files and photographs. “I wondered who would ___28___ a computer with all of this on it,” he said. “I ___29___ it could be stolen.”Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner’s phone number and called it ___30___.‎ ‎“He told me the story and said it was his fault. I thought it was a ___31___. I told him if he really had the ___32___, he should take it to the police,” Fortune said.‎ ‎___33___, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was ___34___. He passed on the man’s number.‎ Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and ___35___ paying him a reward of $200 —the money he was out. Almazrouei ___36___.‎ When a report about the two young men’s story made it to the local papers, Almazrouei received a(n) ___37___ from Wim Wiewel, the president of the university where Almazrouei is studying. Impressed with his student’s ___38___, Wiewel gave Almazrouei a new computer. “We thought since you ___39___ the computer, we should give you a computer so that you’ll have one,” Wiewel told him. “We’re very ___40___ you.”‎ ‎21. A. expected B. concluded C. discovered D. remembered ‎22. A. dreams B. skills C. decisions D. imaginations ‎23. A. robbed B. hidden C. broken D. gone ‎24. A. respectful B. depressed C. ridiculous D. regretful ‎25. A. theft B. conflict C. adventure D. emergency ‎26. A. inspired B. reminded C. interviewed D. approached ‎27. A. operated B. needed C. possessed D. assessed ‎28. A. return B. like C. sell D. throw ‎29. A. realized B. predicted C. admitted D. guaranteed ‎30. A. unwillingly B. cautiously C. immediately D. automatically ‎31. A. mistake B. catastrophe C. misunderstanding D. trick ‎32. A. chance B. computer C. bravery D. experience ‎33. A. Besides B. However C. Afterwards D. Therefore ‎34. A. sorry B. moved C. lucky D. terrified ‎35. A. enjoyed B. practised C. succeeded in D. insisted on ‎36. A. ignored B. refused C. hesitated D. withdrew ‎37. A. invitation B. apology C. warning D. call ‎38. A. virtue B. achievement C. independence D. determination ‎39. A. took back B. paid back C. gave back D. held back ‎40. A. tired of B. proud of C. curious about D. concerned about ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了Almazrouei以低价买了一台电脑，打开电脑后，发现里面有许多个人资料，Almazrouei意识到这台电脑是别人偷来的，于是想办法把它归还了电脑主人。Almazrouei所在学校的校长被Almazrouei的事迹所感动，送给他一台电脑。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：第二天早晨，他发现汽车的玻璃被打碎了。A. expect预期；B. conclude 结束；C. discover发现；D. remember记得。车玻璃被打碎是“发现”的，其他选项不合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：一起破碎的还有他的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. skill技能；C. decision 决定； D. imagination想象。由上下文可知，汽车的玻璃被打碎了，一起破碎的还有他的“梦想”。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：他的电脑不见了。A. rob抢劫； B. hide隐藏； C. break打碎； D. go离开。由Everything important to me was on that computer.可知，他的“电脑”不见了。gone是形容词，表示“不见了”。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他感觉很悲伤。A. respectful表示敬意的；B. depressed抑郁的，沮丧的；C. ridiculous 荒谬的； D. regretful后悔的。根据前一句可知， 所有重要的东西都在电脑里，但是电脑不见了，所以他感觉“很悲伤”。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：盗窃案发生两天后，有一个年轻人给Fortune打电话。 A.theft 盗窃；B. conflict冲突；C. adventure 冒险；D. emergency紧急情况。由上文车玻璃被打碎，电脑丢失可判断出这是一起“盗窃案”。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：有人找他说有一台电脑要卖。A. inspire 激发；B. remind 提醒；C. interview 采访；D. approach接近。因为Almazrouei 是一名学生，因此有人接近Almazrouei是为了卖掉偷来的电脑 。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：Almazrouei 需要一台电脑。 A. operate操作；B. need需要；C. possess拥有； D. assess评估。由so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on.可知Almazrouei “需要”一台电脑。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：我想知道谁会卖一台装有这些重要文件的电脑。A. return 返回；B. like喜欢；C. sell 销售； D. throw投。根据“Only $200”可知，偷电脑的人以这个价格“卖”电脑。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：我意识到它一定是被偷的。A. realize意识到；B. predict预测；C. admit承认；D .guarantee担保。因为电脑里有重要的文件和照片，主人不应该卖掉电脑，由此Almazrouei “意识到”电脑是偷来的。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：Almazrouei 发现了电脑主人的电话号码，立即给他打电话。A. unwillingly 不情愿地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. immediately立即；D. automatically 自动地。有了电脑主人的电话号码，Almazrouei自然的反应就是“立即”打电话。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我认为它是一个恶作剧。A.mistake错误； B. catastrophe大灾难；C. misunderstanding 误会；D. trick恶作剧。由I told him if he really had the ___32___, he should take it to the police.可知，作者起初没有相信，认为这是一个“恶作剧”。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我说如果他真的买了这台电脑，他应该把它交给警察。A. chance 机会； B. computer 电脑； C. bravery勇敢；D. experience经历。Almazrouei 打电话告诉了Fortune事情的经过，因此作者才如此说到。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：后来，一位警官给Fortune打电话。A. besides此外； B. however然而；C. afterwards然后； D. therefore因此。表示事情的发展，afterwards符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他说他很抱歉。 A. sorry 抱歉的；遗憾的；B. moved感动的； C. lucky幸运的；D. terrified恐惧的。由a man had dropped the computer off可知，这个人丢了电脑，很遗憾。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词和短语。句意：Fortune坚决要求给Almazrouei 200美元的报答。A. enjoy享受；B. practice 练习；C. succeed in成功做某事；D. insist on坚决要求。警察打完电话后，Fortune知道了真相，因此他向Almazrouei表示感谢。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：Almazrouei 拒绝了Fortune的钱。A. ignore忽略；B. refuse拒绝；C. hesitate犹豫；D. withdraw收回。根据后文Wiewel gave Almazrouei a new computer.可知，校长认为Almazrouei 是一名品德优秀的学生，因此可推知Almazrouei 没有接受Fortune的金钱。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：Almazrouei 接到了一个来自Wim Wiewel的电话。 A. invitation邀请；B. apology 道歉；C. warning 警告；D. call电话。当地的报纸报道了这件事之后，校长打电话给Almazrouei ，对他的做法给予了表扬，其他选项不合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：校长被该学生的美德所打动，给了Almazrouei一台新电脑。A. virtue优秀的品质，美德；B. achievement成就； C. independence 独立；D. determination决定。Almazrouei 发现失主的电脑后及时与失主和警察联系且不接受失主的金钱感谢，这是一种值得称道的“美德”。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：我们想既然你归还了电脑，所以我们应该给你一台，这样你就有一台电脑可以使用了。A. take back 拿回； B. pay back 偿还； C. give back 归还；D. hold back阻止。Almazrouei 发现失主的电脑后及时与失主和警察联系“归还”。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：我们为你自豪。A. tired of 厌烦；B. proud of 为…而感到自豪；C. curious about好奇，想知道；D. concerned about关心，担忧。校长为拥有这样品德优秀的学生感到“自豪”。故选B。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Li Ziqi has made a name for herself in her videos that highlight a traditional Chinese way of life in the rural areas of Sichuan province. Her videos cover ___41___(vary) crafts related to traditional culture, from making paper and ink to weaving cloth, from making a silk comforter to building her own bread kiln(窑) with blocks. Nothing seems impossible with Li’s hands as they work their magic to bring these things into ___42___(exist).‎ Li, born in 1990, ___43___（live）with her grandparents in Mianyang, Sichuan, since the age of 6 after her father died. Life was difficult for her during her youth as she and her grandparents had little to live___44___. Li herself said that she was ___45___(financial) supported to continue schooling. She started to work in the city at 14 and would not have returned to her childhood home but for her grandmother ___46___(fall) ill in 2012. After returning home, Li opened ___47___ online shop to sell mostly food products. To increase sales, she began making short films in 2016 about how these products ___48___(create).‎ A Weibo user remarked, “ Li’s success lies in her passion for life.” Another Weibo user wrote, “Thank you for giving me an opportunity ___49___(appreciate) the landscape in the countryside. ” Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is ‎ unbelievable ___50___ she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.‎ ‎【答案】41. various/varied 42. existence 43. has been living/has lived 44. on 45. financially 46. falling 47. an 48. were created 49. to appreciate 50. that ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了来自四川的李子琦发布的视频，突出了四川农村地区传统的中国生活方式。她的视频涵盖了与传统文化有关的各种手工艺品。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：她的视频涵盖了与传统文化有关的各种手工艺品。形容词修饰crafts（手工艺品）作定语，vary（变化，改变）是动词，它的形容词是various或varied（各种各样的）。故填various/varied。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：李子琦的双手似乎什么都能做到，她可以让很多东西成为现实。bring into existence 创造…，使…产生。介词into后接名词作宾语。故填existence。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：李子琦父亲去世时她才6岁，从那时起她与祖父母一直生活在四川绵阳。表示从“6岁时到现在”，应使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，句子主语是一个人（李子琦）。故填has been living/has lived。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：她和祖父母靠着很少的收入生活着。live on是固定搭配，意为“依靠…生活”。故填on。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：李子琦说自己得到了经济支持从而继续上学。副词修饰谓语动词was supported作状语。故填financially。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：她14岁就开始在城里工作，如果不是2012年奶奶生病，她不会回到童年的家。but for意为“倘没有，要不是”，介词for后接动名词falling作宾语，her grandmother是动名词falling的逻辑主语。故填falling。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：回国后，李子琦开了一家网上商店，主要销售食品。开办一家网 店，这不是特指，应使用不定冠词，online是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：为了增加销量，她于2016年开始制作有关这些产品的制作方法的短片。根据began一词可知，此处应使用一般过去时，主语products（复数）和谓语动词create（创造）之间为被动关系。故填were created。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一位微博用户写道：“谢谢你给我一次欣赏乡村风光的机会。” an opportunity to do sth做某事的机会，to do在这里作后置定语修饰opportunity。故填to appreciate。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：有些人表示怀疑，因为在野外工作了一天之后，她看起来如此完美，这令人难以置信。it是形式主语，此处应填入引导主语从句的连词，从句在语意和成分上是完整的，应使用that引导从句。故填that。‎ ‎【点睛】but for用于虚拟语气的用法 but for引导短语有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,而是暗含在上下文中,意为“要不是，如果没有,倘若没有”。‎ 例句：But for your reasonable advice, I wouldn't have finished my paper excellently. 要不是有你合理的建议，我的论文就不会写得很好。此时but for可以使用without替换。第6小题考查非谓语动词。句意：她14岁就开始在城里工作，如果不是2012年奶奶生病，她不会回到童年的家。but for后接动名词falling作宾语，her grandmother是动名词falling的逻辑主语。but for her grandmother falling in 2012相当于if it had not been for the fact that her grandmother fell ill in 2012。故本题应填falling。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I will never forget that at the age of 12 I was asked to deliver a speech entitled An Unforgettable Experience before the whole class! How terrible shy I was the moment I thought of that. I had no choice but prepare for it, though. First, I drafted the speech, which was easy. But the hardest part lies in my oral presentation. The real moment began as I stood on the platform with my legs trembled and my mind blank. But my listener were waiting patiently. Gradually I found myself back, giving out my speech fluently. After which seemed to be ages, I found my audience applauding. I made it! From then on, my fear disappeared. Actually with your confidence building up, I now turn out to be the great speaker. Looking at back, I know the greatest difficulty on the way to success is fear. Overcome it, or you will be able to achieve your goals.‎ ‎【答案】1. terrible→terribly ‎2. prepare前加to ‎3. lies→lay ‎4. trembled→trembling ‎5. listener→listeners ‎6. which→what ‎7. your→my ‎8. the→a ‎9. 删除at ‎10. or→and ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了“我”12岁时的一次演讲经历，从开始时的紧张到最后演讲的成功，我知道了克服恐惧我们才能够实现目标。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查副词。句意：我想到那一刻，真是害羞。修饰形容词shy用副词 terribly，表示"非常害羞"。故将terrible改为terribly。‎ ‎2.考查固定搭配。句意：不过，我别无选择，只能为此做准备。have no choice but to do意为“ 除了别无选择”。故在prepare前加to。‎ ‎3.考查动词时态。句意：但是最难的部分在于我的口头陈述。根据上文可知讲述的是过去的事，所以谓语动词用lie的过去式lay，lie in表示"在于"。 故将lies改为lay。‎ ‎4.考查with的复合结构。句意：真正的时刻开始了，我站在讲台上，双腿发抖，头脑一片空白。因为legs和 tremble是主动关系，且动作当时正在发生，所以用现在分词trembling作宾语补足语，表示"腿在发抖"。故将trembled改为trembling。‎ ‎5.考查名词的数。句意：但是我的听众正在耐心等待。听众不止一个人，应使用复数形式。故将listener改为 listeners。 6.考查连词。句意：感觉过了好久，我发现我的观众在鼓掌。介词after后是一个宾语从句，从句缺主语，表示“一段时间”，应使用what，相当于a time that，which意为“哪一个，哪些”。故将which改为what。 7. 考查代词。句意：实际上，随着我的信心的增强，我现在成为了一名出色的演讲者。文章的主人公是第一人称。故将your改为my。 8.   考查冠词。句意：实际上，随着我的信心的增强，我现在成为了一名出色的演讲者。此处不是特指，应使用不定冠词。great是以辅音音素开头的单词。故将the改为a。 9. 考查介词。句意：回顾过去，我知道成功的最大困难是恐惧。look at是固定短语，需后接宾语，此处无宾语。故将at去掉。‎ ‎10. 考查连词。句意：克服恐惧，你将能够实现自己的目标。此处是一个句型，即祈使句+and/or+简单句，使用and时意为“做某件事，你就会（能）…”；，使用or时意为“做某件事，否则你就会…”。故将or改为and。‎ ‎【点睛】with的复合结构作状语时，宾补使用不定式、现在分词和过去分词的区别：不定式可表示主动或被动，现在分词作宾补表示主动，但是不定式表示将要发生的动作，而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成。例如： ‎ With the boy to lead the way, we will find the house easily tomorrow.（小男孩明天将领路，boy发出lead动作）‎ ‎ I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.(有碗碟需要洗，dishes承受wash这个动作) With the noise going on, I can’t focus on my work.（噪音正在发出） He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.（卧室门被关着） 第四处错误考查with的复合结构，因为legs和 tremble是主动关系，且动作当时正在发生，所以用现在分词trembling作宾语补足语，表示"腿在发抖"。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你想报考的大学。请用英语给他回信，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 你要报考的大学名称；‎ ‎2. 报考该大学的原因(至少两条原因);‎ ‎3. 你目前所做的准备。‎ 注意:1. 词数100左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I am delighted to receive your letter asking me about my dream university. Now, I would like to share something with you.‎ My ideal university is Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Below are the reasons accounting for my preference. To start with, it is its beautiful campus and wonderful academic atmosphere that appeal to me. Besides, I intend to study Architecture, which is rated as one of the best majors in this university. At last, located in the financial centre of China, it is blessed with abundant resources and opportunities, which offers me better employment prospects.‎ Now, I have been fully occupied with my study. With the Spring Festival approaching, I am planning to take advantage of this winter vacation to get well prepared for College Entrance Examination. Hopefully, I will be admitted to my dream university.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达要求给英国朋友Peter回信，介绍自己想报考的大学及其相关情况。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。根据写作提要，你要给Peter写一封回信，介绍自己想报考的大学及其相关情况。‎ 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。‎ 根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：be delighted to ，‎ share.. with… ，ideal university， reasons ，appeal to ， intend to ，be rated as， be occupied with ，take advantage of ，get well prepared for ，be admitted to等。‎ 可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last, Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, as well as, not only…but (also) 。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句和固定句型：To start with, it is its beautiful campus and wonderful academic atmosphere that appeal to me. 这句话运用了强调句的结构。Besides, I intend to study Architecture, which is rated as one of the best majors in this university. 和At last, located in the financial centre of China, it is blessed with abundant resources and opportunities, which offers me better employment prospects. 这两句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如： appeal to ， intend to ，be rated as， be occupied with ，take advantage of ， be admitted to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎