2020届二轮英语复习非谓语动词与语法填空课件(共28张PPT)

2020届二轮英语复习非谓语动词与语法填空课件(共28张PPT)

高三语语法复习 Non-predicate Verbs 非谓语动词 【 学习目标 】 1. 能熟练掌握非谓语动词的基本用法； 2. 能够在语法填空中正确使用非谓语动词。 重点 非谓语动词作定语、状语和宾语补足语的用法 难点 非谓语动词在语法填空中的应用 非谓语 动词 不定式（ to do) V-ing V-ed as a noun as adj. or adv. 现在分词 动名词 过去分词 非谓语动词 的分类 非谓语动词，即 不定式、动词 ing 形式、过去分词 ，在句子中可作 定语、状语、宾语补足语 （不定式和动词 ing 形式还可以作主语和宾语） 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 动名词 √ √ √ √ 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 分词 √ √ √ √ 非谓语动词的语法功能 1. 分析句子结构  确定用非谓语动词 确定（逻辑主语 & 语态） 2. 判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用 3. 判断时态 确定恰当的非谓语动词形式 三步法 原则一：用作目的状语， … 原则二：用作伴随状语， … 原则三：用作结果状语， … 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式 . 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用 -ing. 原则三：用作结果状语，可用 -ing/ to do , 原则区别是： -ing 表示一定逻辑的结果， to do 表示非逻辑的结果。 原则四：凡是含有被动意义时， … 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时， … 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作 之前时， … 原则七：用于名词后作定语时， … 原则四 : 凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式； 如果动作正在进行，则用 -ing 的被动形式。 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与 主句主语保持一致。 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上 要用完成式（ -ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式） 原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作 尚未发生； -ing 表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。 非谓语动词在语法填空中的考查 1. 语篇填空 : 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_______ （ make ） serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]________ （ base ） in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. to make based He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________ （ search ） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis( 催眠 ). He wanted to see if [4]________ （ put ） patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease [5]________ （ trouble ） minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary. to search putting troubled Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved [6]________ ( sit ) with his patients and [7]________ （ listen ） to them talk. He had them [8]________ （ talk ） about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to [9]___________ （ express ） . There could be no[10]________ （ hold ） back because of fear or guilt. sitting listening talk be expressed holding 1. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office . 2. _____to the left , and you'll find the post office . 3. to the left , you'll find the post office . Turning Turn turn turn 充当句 子成分 状语 宾语 表语 定语 宾补 逻辑 主语 主句中 的主语 所修饰的词 句子的宾语 确定非谓语动词在句子中的成分和作用 （ 1 ） _______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car. （ 2 ） _______ the dog come over, our friend ran away. （ 3 ） _______ from the top of a hill, and you’ll find the city more beautiful. （ 4 ） _______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it. To see Seen Seeing See see 状态 时间 主动 被动 非谓语动词先发生（已完成） 同时发生（在进行） 未发生（将来） having done done/ having been done doing being done to do to be done （ 1 ） The question _________________now at the meeting is very important. （ 2 ） The question ________ at the meeting last week is very important. （ 3 ） The question __________________ at the meeting next week is very important. being discussed discussed to be discussed discuss 2.He was considered the first man _______________( invent )the telephone. 1.He is the best one ______(do) the job. to have invented to do 动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生 用 to have done 再比较 注：受 the first ， the second ... the last 修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。 1.I haven’t decided which hotel_________. （ stay) 作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的介词。 to stay at 其他常见的用法 2. There are five pairs _____, but I’m at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing B 2. of playing football, he went back to the classroom. 3. with difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. 1. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. Lost Tired Faced (face) （ tire ） （ lose ） 有些过去分词源于系表结构，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词 be lost in; be interested in; be tired of ; be satisfied with ; be excited about; be faced with; be dressed in ； be seated 1. He hurried to the booking office ， only _____________ ( tell ) that all the tickets had been sold out. to do 表示结果 — 表示出人预料的情况或结果， 常用 only 强调。 分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果 。 2. European football is played in 80 countries, ____________ ( make ) it the most popular sport in the world. to be told making 1. Don’t leave the water ________ ( run ) while you brush your teeth. 2.Paul doesn’t have to be made （ learn ） . He always works hard. 3. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ____________( interest ) in his lectures. running interested to learn 练 习 1.__________(Travel)along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience 2. __________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 3.___________(understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 4. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid_________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. 5.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _________(allow) more patients to be treated. 6.The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _________(make) air conditioning unnecessary. 7. It took him a long lime __________(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer. 8._____________( not know)which university to attend ， the girl asked her teacher for advice. 9. I didn't mean_____________(eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help _____ _______(try) it. 10. So next time when you're preparing for a big exam, spend some time____________ (read) loud.