话题07+日常活动-备战2018年高考英语书面表达常考素材速用

话题07+日常活动-备战2018年高考英语书面表达常考素材速用

日常生活指学生在校内外发生的事情，和我们日常生活密切相关，范围广泛。保护学习的课程，课外活动，也包括体育运动和社交活动；还包括和家人朋友的联系。内容有写人的；有写物的；有写学校生活的；还有写学习情况的。所选题材均贴近学生的日常生活，写的基本都是学生熟悉的事，学生身边的事。由此可见，和学生日常生活相关的内容仍将作为高考写作考查的主要题材。命题者可能会要求考生描述自己日常生活的事件。‎ 命题方向大致可以分为两类，一是要求考生从描写生活中的一件事情入手的文章，另外一类则是模拟一个生活中的情景，以此展开描述和分析。这两类题目的共同特点是文章的主题均与生活有着十分紧密的关系，即使是后面一类，题目中模拟的场景都是与考生的日常生活有密切关系的内容。 ‎ 一.话题常用单词 ‎1. campus 校园 ‎ ‎2. canteen 餐厅 ‎ ‎3. laboratory/lab 实验室 ‎ ‎4. dining hall 食堂 ‎ ‎5. dormitory 宿舍 ‎ ‎6. club 俱乐部 ‎ ‎7. competition 竞赛 ‎ ‎8. rewards 奖励 ‎ ‎9. achievement/result 成绩 ‎ ‎10. marks/grades/scores 分数 ‎ ‎11. with the help of sb. 在…的帮助下 ‎12. hopeful/ hopeless充满希望/ 无望 ‎ ‎13. absolutely绝对 ‎14. depressed失望 ‎15. bad-tempered坏脾气 ‎16. kind-hearted好心 ‎17. (im)patient （没）有耐性 ‎18. encouraged受鼓舞的 ‎19 disappointed失望 ‎20. easy-going易相处 ‎21. optimistic/ passive乐观/ 消极 二.话题常用短语 ‎1. school dining hall 学生食堂 ‎ ‎2. teaching building 教学楼 ‎ ‎3. lecture theatre 阶梯教室 ‎ ‎4. the Students’ Union 学生会 ‎ ‎5. social practice 社会实践 ‎ ‎6. part-time jobs 业余工作 ‎ ‎7. vacation jobs 假期工作 ‎ ‎8. prepare lessons 备课 ‎ ‎9. have lessons 上课 ‎ ‎10. miss a lesson 误一节课 ‎ ‎11. prepare for lessons 预习功课 ‎ ‎12. stay away from school 旷课 ‎ ‎13. work out 计算出 ‎ ‎14. put one’s heart into 专心于 concentrate on 全神贯注；专心于 ‎ ‎15. have a good command of 精通于 ‎ ‎16. graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 ‎ ‎17. English evening 英语晚会 ‎ ‎18. after-school/extracurricular activities 课外活动 ‎ ‎19. social investigation 社会调查 ‎ ‎20. voluntary labor 义务劳动 ‎ ‎21. physical activities 体育活动 ‎ ‎22. have an outing at the seashore 在海边郊游 ‎ ‎23. have a picnic/barbecue 去野餐/烧烤 ‎ ‎24. have a party 举行晚会 ‎ ‎25. hold a sports meeting 举行运动会 ‎ ‎26. make progress in ... 在……方面取得进步 ‎ ‎27. get full mark for 得满分 ‎ ‎28. pass the examination 通过考试 ‎ ‎29. cheat in the exam 考试作弊 ‎ ‎30. learn... by heart 记住 keep... in mind 记住 ‎ ‎31. fail (in). the math test 数学测验不及格 ‎ ‎32. win the first ( prize). in maths competition 数学竞赛第一名 ‎ ‎33. get /take the first place in the English speech contest 英语口语竞赛第一名 ‎ ‎34. lay a good foundation in 在……方面打下良好的基础 ‎ ‎35. the beloved所爱的人 ‎36. peer pressure同辈之间的压力 ‎37. parents pressure父母的压力 ‎38. hidden ability/ potential潜力 ‎39. complex personal desires复杂的个人欲望 ‎40. countless difficulties无尽的困难 ‎41. positive/ negative reflection积 极 / 消 极 的 反 思 ‎42. It give me the opportunity to do sth这让我有机会做某事 ‎43. have (no) respect for strangers/ their family对陌生人 / 家人（不）尊重 ‎44. feel cheerful at work工作上感到快乐 ‎45. strengthen your own feelings加强你自己的感受 ‎46. get a good understanding of sth. 更理解某事物 ‎47. take responsibility for your actions对你的行为负责 ‎48. open oneself up to sb. 对某人敞开心扉 ‎49. become more confident变得更自信 ‎50. achieve one’s goal达到目标 ‎51. be aware of意识到 ‎52. raise the awareness of …提高…的意识 ‎53. get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 ‎54. be beneficial to对…有益 三、参考语句 话题常用句型 ‎1. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：...我同意后者，有如下理由：……‎ ‎2. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是很重要的。‎ ‎3. Last Sunday, our class organized an activity ---- going climbing for our spring outing. 我们班上周六组织了春游 ---去爬山。‎ ‎4. Last weekend, I paid a visit to the Great Wall with my foreign teacher Mr. Brown .上周末你陪你校的外籍教师Mr. Brown游览了长城。‎ ‎5. We will present them with flowers and self－made cards to show our respect.我们将送给他们花和自制卡片以表达我们的尊重。‎ ‎6. On arriving there, we began working. Some were digging, some were planting and others were watering. All of us were going all out to do it.‎ 一到达那里，我们就开始劳动。一些人挖坑，一些人植树，另一些人浇水。我们都干得很起劲。‎ ‎【典例01】‎ 生活中,你自己或他人曾有过物品不慎丢失而又找回的经历,其间有烦恼、有惊喜、有感慨……请就此写一篇英语短文。主要内容包括：‎ ‎1. 丢失的物品;‎ ‎2. 物品失而复得的经过;‎ ‎3. 你的感想。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 本篇书面表达属于提纲类短文，要求写一个失去东西又复得的经历。写作时要仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确三个要点：1.丢失的物品；2. 物品失而复得的经过；3.你的感想。另外提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。本文写作时可以按照要点所给的顺序写。根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般过去时态。注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。‎ someone. It was a girl with a pen in her hand. I felt excited to see my precious pen back. I thanked this kind girl again and again, who didn’t accept the money I gave her as a reward.‎ From the unusual experience of my precious pen, I learn that we should be thankful to those who always do good deeds and also be ready to do what we can to help others.‎ ‎【典例02】‎ ‎（2015年北京卷）‎ 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：‎ ‎1.介绍训练营的相关内容（例如；时间、地点、参加者等）；‎ ‎2.说明你打算参加的原因；‎ ‎3.询问对方的意向。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数不少于50；‎ ‎2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 提示词：龙舟训练营Dragon Boat Training Camp Dear Jim,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear Jim，‎ I'm writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday．I intend to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp．I wonder if you'd like to go with me．‎ This camp will open on July 20th．It offers teenagers，1ike you and me，a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture．If you are interested in it，1et me know and I’ll send you more information．‎ Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer．‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【典例03】‎ 假设你是一名高中生，名叫李华。因为老师担心同站，学校关闭了电脑教室的上网功能，同学们感到很郁闷。请你给校长写一封建议信。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 无法上网给学生带来的不便；‎ ‎2. 网络的必要性（帮助解决学习难题、获取最新信息）； ‎ ‎3. 就老师的担心发表你的看法。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数120左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 信的开头和结尾部分已经给出， 不计入总词数。‎ Dear headmaster, ‎ ‎ I’m writing to request you to allow us to surf the Internet in the computer classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎【写作指导】‎ 词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear headmaster, ‎ I’m writing to request you to allow us to surf the Internet in the computer classroom. Right now, we cannot use the computer in the computer classroom to get on line, which makes us very upset because we can’t search for the information we need or read news.‎ As far as I am concerned, surfing the Internet can benefit us in many ways. First of all, we can search for answers to some problems that we come across in our studies. Second, it is necessary for us to learn about the latest news. More importantly, we are no longer children now, so we are able to control our behavior. I promise we won’t visit unhealthy websites.‎ I do hope you can take my suggestion into consideration and make a final decision.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎【典例04】‎ ‎（2015年天津卷）‎ 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。‎ ‎（1）自我介绍；‎ ‎（2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；‎ ‎（3）询问对方的其他需求。‎ 注意：‎ ‎（1）词数不少于100；‎ ‎（2）请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇： 学生会the Student Union ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ 意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。‎ ‎【范文赏析】‎ Dear Chris，‎ I'm Li Jin，chairman of the Student Union in Chenguang High Schoo1．I’m writing to tell you something about donating books to your class．To enhance communication with your school，we prepared about 100 books ranging from Chinese cartoon to literature．With them，you may have a better understanding of China and its culture．We'll take the books when participating in the summer camp this July to your schoo1．‎ Would you please tell me something about your other requirements? We will spare no effort to meet your needs．I sincerely hope that we may exchange with each other more and develop our friendship．‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Jin ‎（1）‎ 某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“My Approach to Difficulties in Learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文, 谈谈自己的一些做法。‎ 要求：1. 词数100左右;‎ ‎2. 短文中不能出现本人的相关信息。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎【范文】‎ My Approach to Difficulties in Learning As high school students, we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning. Everyone has their own way to deal with them. Here I would like to share mine.‎ When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages. In this way, I can not only it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself.‎ However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to classmates or teachers for help. Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.‎ ‎【亮点说明】范文中有一些常用的词组： run into遇上， in the process of在…过程中， deal with them处理，be faced with面对，refer to参考，查阅， In this way, 以这种方式， As a result,因此，make steady progress 取得稳定的进步，亮点句子有：I can not only it out but also improve ‎ my ability to overcome problems all by myself.这句话用了not only…but also结构， However, when it is something beyond my competence, I turn to classmates or teachers for help.这句话用了时间状语从句。‎ ‎(2)‎ 假设你叫李华，你的朋友Jenny向你询问有关如何保持健康的问题。请你给她发一个电子邮件，提一些建议。内容要点如下：‎ 1、 注意合理饮食，要多吃鱼、肉、豆类等，特别是新鲜蔬菜和水果，不要吃太多甜食。‎ ‎2、注意锻炼身体，劳逸结合，多参加体育锻炼。‎ ‎3、保证充足的睡眠，不要熬夜，每天至少睡8个小时。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1、词数100左右。‎ ‎2、注意行文连贯。‎ ‎3、开头与结尾已经写好。‎ Dear Jenny, ‎ How nice it is to hear from you! In your letter you asked me how to keep healthy. Here is my advice.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua often as possible and you will find you’re much healthier. ‎ My last suggestion is that you should make sure that you sleep for at least eight hours ‎ a day. Remember not to stay up too late. ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 这是提纲式作文，关键是认真审题和分析所给的提纲，因此考生首先要认真阅读前面的提示，认清写作要求和提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。根据所给提纲，列出要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，注意主次分明，详略得当。语言力求准确、简洁。根据情景的发展，按顺序安排好材料。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有一定的连贯性。考生必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。‎ 有文章使用了First of all, Secondly这样的关联词，使文章更加连贯。‎ ‎(3)‎ 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Helen正在写一篇关于各国中学生课外阅读情况的调查报告。她给你发了一封邮件，想了解相关情况。请你根据以下提示，给她回一封电子邮件：‎ 1. 你校学生课外阅读的现状；‎ 2. 原因分析；‎ 3. 你的看法。‎ 注意：‎ 1. 根据所给提示，适当发挥，要求内容充实，语意连贯；‎ 2. 词数120左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；‎ 3. 邮件中不得提及考生所在的学校和本人姓名。‎ 参考词汇：‎ 课外阅读extra-curricular reading Dear Helen’‎ Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes!‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua ‎【范文】‎ Dear Helen,‎ Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about the extracurricular reading in our school. I’m sorry to say that most of the students in our school haven’t realized the importance of reading, especially extracurricular reading, as a result, the time and energy students devoted to reading are very limited. Besides, some students prefer to read cartoons, magazines and newspapers rather than classic reading materials.‎ I think the reasons behind that are various. First of all, quite a lot of students are burdened with too much homework. Still others haven’t formed a habit of reading. They would rather spend their spare time on TV or on the Internet. ‎ However, reading has many benefits. Through reading we can learn more about the world. Reading can help us think better and make our life more colorful. So it is quite necessary for the students to take up reading and for the teachers to limit the amount of our homework so that we can have more time to read. ‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours Li Hua 力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体，如besides, further, last but not least等。在发表个人观点的时候，可以使用谚语来提升整个文章的档次和文采，也能增加得高分的可能性。‎ ‎【亮点说明】所给范文语言简洁，应用了一些较好的词组和句子： as a result因此, prefer to do… rather than do…宁愿做…而不愿…，be burdened with负担， form a habit of 形成…，the time and energy students devoted to reading are very limited.这句话用了定语从句， So it is quite necessary for the students to take up reading and for the teachers to limit the amount of our homework so that we can have more time to read. 这句话用了it做形式主语和so that句型。还有范文使用了Besides, First of all, However,这样的关联词使文章更加连贯。‎ ‎(4)‎ 近来很多高中毕业生利用暑假期间学习开车，请你根据以下提示写一篇有关学开车的利与弊的文章。‎ 利：1．一种非常有积极意义的经历；2．为你提供方便；3．给你独立的感觉。 ‎ 弊：1．市内停车不便；2．费用较高；3．安全隐患。‎ 注意：1. 文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ ‎2. 短文须包括所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。‎ ‎3. 词数：120词左右。‎ These days many high school graduates are learning driving during their summer vacation. In my opinion , learning to drive a car is a very positive experience for an individual.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ These days many high school graduates are learning driving during their summer vacation. In my opinion , learning to drive a car is a very positive experience for an individual.‎ ‎ Knowing that you are able to drive makes you confident. Also, the ability to drive gives you a feeling of independence, which means you can go wherever and whenever you want. It is much more convenient and quicker to get around in a car than to wait for a bus.‎ On the other hand, it is sometimes difficult to find a parking place in the city with the number of cars increasing so fast. Besides, it can be expensive--- not just to buy a car, but also to pay for petrol and all the repairs your car will need. Apart from that, ‎ lack of experience may get you into a car accident. If so, it will be wiser to take a bus.‎ 不要太少。‎ ‎【亮点说明】这篇范文最大的特点是句式多变，语法涉及的全面，例如：learning to drive a car is a very positive experience for an individual.这句话使用动名词做主语， Knowing that you are able to drive makes you confident. 这句话使用宾语从句，Also, the ability to drive gives you a feeling of independence, which means you can go wherever and whenever you want. 这句话使用了非限制性定语从句和让步状语从句，It is much more convenient and quicker to get around in a car than to wait for a bus.这句话使用了it做形式主语， it is sometimes difficult to find a parking place in the city with the number of cars increasing so fast.这句话使用了with复合结构， it can be expensive--- not just to buy a car, but also to pay for petrol and all the repairs your car will need. 这句话使用了not just…but also…的结构，还有省略关系代词的定语从句， If so, it will be wiser to take a bus.这句话使用了省略句。还有文章使用了In my opinion，On the other hand, Besides, Apart from that这样的关联词使文章更加连贯。‎ ‎(5)‎ 如今微信（WeChat）走进了人们的生活，为大家带来了诸多便利，但有些人也随之成了“微信控”(WeChataholic)，请你就此事写一篇文章。你的文章必须包括：此现象的描述和你对微信的看法 注意：1. 词数120左右；‎ ‎2. 文中需要包含提示内容,可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ However, problems exist meanwhile. Firstly, our identity can be revealed when we use Wechat. As a result, we can be in trouble. Moreover, it may make communicating with others face to face less. To make the matter worse, relationship could break down .Last but not the least, our attention might be drawn too much to focus on study. ‎ That’s all. There is no doubt that Wechat will improve as time goes by. ‎ ‎【写作指导】‎ 这是一篇半开放性作文写作,话题是关于微信控，内容要考生围绕此现象的描述和你对微信的看法来展开，给考生自由发挥的余地较大。对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。在完成此类作文时，首先要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，因为这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体，如besides, further, last but not least等。在发表个人观点的时候，可以使用谚语来提升整个文章的档次和文采，也能增加得高分的可能性。‎ ‎【亮点说明】文章使用了很好的短语和句子：To begin with 首先，to the taste of符合某人的品味， the majority of people大多数人， accounts for 是…的原因，be in trouble有困难，To make the matter worse使情况更糟糕的是, break down崩溃。Wechat is a relative cheap way of communication, which cuts down a great deal of the cost of making a phone call.这句话使用了非限制性定语从句， There is no doubt that Wechat will improve as time goes by. 这句话使用了同位语从句。还有范文还使用了Next, Furthermore, Firstly, Moreover, Last but not the least, 这些关联词使文章更加连贯。‎