2019届一轮复习北师大版选修八Unit24Society单元学案设计（51页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版选修八Unit24Society单元学案设计（51页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版选修八Unit 24 Society单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写] ‎ ‎1．inequality n．　　　　 　　 不平等 ‎2．abortion n. 堕胎，人工流产 ‎3．*household n. 一个家庭 ‎4．graph n. 图表 ‎5．*life expectancy 预期寿命 ‎6．*consumer n. 消费者 ‎7．currency n. 货币 ‎8．signature n. 签名　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写] ‎ ‎9．taxpayer n．　　　　 　　 纳税人 ‎10．ownership n. 所有权 ‎11．rag n. 破旧衣服 ‎12．*resistance n. 反抗，抵制 ‎13．grill n. 烤架 ‎14．vice n. 坏习惯，恶习 ‎15．mutton n. 羊肉 ‎16．wind sb. up 故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写] ‎ ‎17．brunch n．　　　　　　　 早午餐 ‎18．buffet n. 自助餐 ‎19．fingernail n. 手指甲 ‎20．pension n. 退休金，养老金 ‎21．pregnant adj. 怀孕的 ‎22．hydrogen n. 氢 ‎23．format n. 格式 ‎24．*leisure n. 闲暇，空闲 ‎25．framework n. 结构，构架　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写] ‎ ‎26．feast n．　　　　　　　　 盛宴，宴会 ‎27．surplus n. 盈余，剩余 ‎28．sow vt. & vi. 播(种)‎ ‎29．roundabout n. 环岛，环形交叉路口 ‎30．collision n. 相撞 ‎31．weed n. 杂草，野草 ‎32．fountain n. 喷泉，喷水池 ‎33．paddle vi. & vt 划水；涉水 ‎34．wag vt. 摇摆，摆动　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写] ‎ ‎35．packet n．　　　　　 　　 小盒 ‎36．grocer n. 食品杂货商 ‎37．league n. 联合会 ‎38．ministry n. 部 ‎39．poster n. 海报 ‎40．edition n. 版本　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写] ‎ ‎41．alley n．　　　　　　　　 胡同，小巷 ‎42．rectangular adj. 长方形的 ‎43．mop n. 拖把 ‎44．fragrant adj. 有香味的 ‎45．*preservation n. 维护，保存 ‎46．arch n. 拱顶 ‎47．container n. 容器　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写] ‎ ‎48．relay vt.　　　　　　　 转达；传送 ‎49．spoonful n. 一匙之量 ‎50．*robbery n. 抢劫 ‎51．*rape n. 强奸 ‎52．*shoplifting n. 在商店盗窃 ‎53．*penalty n. 刑罚，惩罚 ‎54．*revenge n. 复仇，报复　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写] ‎ ‎55．anchor n．　　　　　 　　 锚 ‎56．*seaweed n. 海草，海藻 ‎57．swing vi. 摇动 ‎58．seagull n. 海鸥 ‎59．spiritual adj. 宗教的，教会的；精神的 ‎60．prayer n. 祈祷，祷告 ‎61．merchant n. 商人　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写] ‎ ‎62．wax n．　　　　　　 　　 蜡 ‎63．pan n. 锅，平底锅 ‎64．semicircle n. 半圆(形)‎ ‎65．suck vt. 含在嘴里吮食 ‎66．bare adj. 赤裸的 ‎67．*utopia n. 乌托邦，理想中的完美社会 ‎68．Buddhism n. 佛教　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第十屏听写] ‎ ‎1．homelessness n．　　　　　 无家可归 ‎2．voluntary adj. 自愿的 ‎3．abundant adj. 大量的 ‎4．deposit vt. & vi. 存储，储蓄 ‎5．govern vt. 统治，管理 ‎6．accumulate v. 积累 ‎7．burden n. 重担，负担 ‎8．diverse_adj. 各种各样的 ‎9．come_into_being 形成，存在　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写] ‎ ‎10．adjustment n．　　　　 　 调整，调节 ‎11．resign vt. & vi. 辞职 ‎12．delete vt. 删除 ‎13．shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小 ‎14．show_off 炫耀，夸耀 ‎15．elect vt. 选举，推选 ‎16．merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的 ‎17．knock_into_sb. 撞上某人 ‎18．turning_point_ 转折点　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十二屏听写] ‎ ‎19．undertake vt. 　　　 　　 着手做，从事 ‎20．squeeze vt. 挤 ‎21．thirst n. 口渴 ‎22．break_into_ 闯入 ‎23．fine n. 罚款 ‎24．sentence n. 判决 ‎25．abolish vt. 废除 ‎26．on_principle_ 根据原则 ‎27．sentence_sb._to_death 判某人死刑　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十三屏听写] ‎ ‎28．*furthermore adv.　　　 此外，而且 ‎29．consequently adv. 所以，因此 ‎30．vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的 ‎31．choke vi. 窒息，噎住 ‎32．virtue n. 优点，长处 ‎33．rot vt. & vi. 腐烂 ‎34．skip vt. 跳过 ‎35．cast vt. 投下 ‎36．*moreover adv. 再者，此外　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.inequality n．　　　不平等 ‎2.abortion n. 堕胎，人工流产 ‎3.household n. 一个家庭 ‎4.currency n. 货币 ‎5.taxpayer n. 纳税人 ‎6.ownership n. 所有权 ‎7.rag n. 破旧衣服 ‎8.bare adj. 赤裸的 ‎9.pension n．　退休金，养老金 ‎10.pregnant adj. 怀孕的 ‎11.format n. 格式 ‎12.leisure n. 闲暇，空闲 ‎13.framework n. 结构，构架 ‎14.feast n. 盛宴，宴会 ‎15.merchant n. 商人 ‎16.collision n. 相撞 ‎17.fountain n．　喷泉，喷水池 ‎18.poster n. 海报 ‎19.fragrant adj. 有香味的 ‎20.spoonful n. 一匙之量 ‎21.revenge n. 复仇，报复 ‎22.swing vi. 摇动 ‎23.spiritual adj. 宗教的；精神的 ‎24.prayer n. 祈祷，祷告 表达单词 ‎1.deposit vt. & vi.　存储，储蓄 ‎2.burden n. 重担，负担 ‎3.vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的 ‎4.resign vt. & vi. 辞职 ‎5.delete vt. 删除 ‎6.choke vi. 窒息，噎住 ‎7.shrink vi. (使)收缩，缩小 ‎8.virtue n. 优点，长处 ‎9.skip vt. 跳过 ‎10.cast vt. 投下 ‎11.undertake vt. 着手做，从事 ‎12.squeeze vt. 挤 ‎13.fine n. 罚款 ‎14.sentence n. 判决 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.The manager was forced to resign (辞职) his position after that serious accident.‎ ‎2.It's reported that this company will undertake (承担) the construction of the new subway.‎ ‎3.The girl is only fifteen years old, but she has to be burdened (负担) with her family.‎ ‎4.Due to the heavy rain, there were many vacant (空的) seats in the theatre this evening.‎ ‎5.Jack was sentenced (判刑) to six months in prison because of family violence.‎ ‎6.To his disappointment, his name has been deleted (删除) from the list.‎ ‎7.It is said that their government has ‎ ‎15.abolish vt. 废除 ‎16.moreover adv. 再者，此外 ‎ ‎17.furthermore adv. 此外，而且 ‎18.homelessness n. 无家可归 ‎19.accumulate v. 积累 ‎20.rot vt. & vi. 腐烂 abolished (废除；取消) income tax for the lowpaid.‎ ‎8.The sad news cast (投射) a shadow over the proceedings.‎ ‎9.My sister tries to squeeze (挤) her feet into shoes that are too small.‎ ‎10.Guests can deposit (寄存) their valuables in the hotel safe.‎ ‎11.Hobbies offer knowledge and relaxation. Furthermore (此外), they help improve one's mental and physical health.‎ 拓展单词 ‎1.voluntary adj.自愿的→volunteer v．自愿做n.志愿者 ‎2.abundant adj.大量的→abundance n．大量 ‎3.signature n．签名→sign v．签名；打手势n.招牌；迹象；符号 ‎4.govern vt.统治，管理→governor n．统治者，总督→government n．政府 ‎5.adjustment n．调整，调节→adjust vt.调整，调节vi.使适应 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous sum of money, making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.(rob)‎ ‎2.With the improvement of environment, diverse plants and animals appear in this area. And the diversity of creatures attracts more and more tourists.(diverse)‎ ‎3.In the latest election,_Mary was elected chairwoman of the Student Union.(elect)‎ ‎4.To adjust herself to the study abroad, she had to make some ‎ ‎6.elect vt.选举，推选→election n．选举；当选；选择权 ‎7.merciful adj.宽大的，仁慈的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈 ‎8.thirst n．口渴→thirsty adj.口渴的 ‎9.consequently adv.所以，因此→consequent adj.作为结果的；必然的→consequence n．结果，后果 ‎10.resistance n．反抗，抵抗→resist vi. & vt. 抵(反)抗，抵制 ‎11.robbery n．抢劫罪→rob vt.抢劫→robber n．抢劫犯 ‎12.diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的→diversity n．多种多样；多样性 necessary adjustments to her habits.(adjustment)‎ ‎5.I'm really thirsty and only ice water can quench (解渴) my thirst.(thirst)‎ ‎6.It is the governor of the city who governs the city. And he is a candidate for central government.(govern)‎ ‎7.Being a volunteer can benefit us a lot. So we should play an active part in voluntary activities.(volunteer)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.come_into_being 　　形成，存在 ‎2.wind_sb.up_ 故意惹恼某人 ‎3.show_off 炫耀，夸耀 ‎1.I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into_account.‎ ‎2.Research suggests that fast food ‎ ‎4.knock_into_sb. 撞上某人；偶然遇到 ‎5.break_into 闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)‎ ‎6.on_principle 根据原则 ‎7.sentence_sb.to_death_ 判某人死刑 ‎8.take_...seriously_ 认真对待……‎ ‎9.be_well/better_off 过得好/过得更好 ‎10.above_all 最重要的是；首先 ‎11.do_away_with_ 废除；摆脱，消灭 ‎12.contribute_to 促进，有助于 ‎13.play_an_important_role_in 在……中起重要作用 ‎14.to_start_with_ 首先 ‎15.take_..._into_account 考虑；注意，体谅 ‎16.keep_an_eye_on 注意，留意 and soft drink directly contribute_to childhood obesity.‎ ‎3.I knocked_into the star you had talked about in the town this morning.‎ ‎4.Perhaps it is true that nobody in the world knows exactly how the earth came_into_being.‎ ‎5.We're amazed at the amazing news that he committed a crime and was_sentenced_to_death.‎ ‎6.We must keep_an_eye_on the stranger who is looking back and forth all the time.‎ ‎7.I'd like to buy a house, which should be modern, comfortable, and above_all_in a quiet neighborhood.‎ ‎8.To_start_with,_we haven't enough money, and secondly we're too busy.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.I'd rather you didn't mention that.‎ 我宁愿你没有提及那一点。‎ would 约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来。‎ John wants to see me ‎ ‎ rather后跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。‎ today. I would rather he came tomorrow.‎ ‎2.What if some married people have affairs？‎ 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外情怎么办？‎ what if是连词词组，意为“要是……怎么办”。‎ 如果下周的数学考试我不及格怎么办？‎ What_if I fail the maths exam next week？‎ ‎3.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made it easier to keep an eye on people's movements.‎ 然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。‎ ‎“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。‎ 我记得我向你清楚表示过我不会来。‎ I remember I made_it_quite_clear to you that I was not coming.‎ ‎4.As a society, it's high time that we took these issues more seriously.‎ 作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。‎ It's high time that sb. should do/did sth.“到某人做某事的时候了”。‎ 到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了。‎ It's high time that we should_take/took_measures to preserve the natural resources.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.take_action　行动起来 ‎2.take_notes 做笔记 ‎3.take a shower 洗淋浴 ‎4.take after 与……相像 ‎5.take one's position 占据某人位置 ‎6.the bottom of the river 河底 ‎1.have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事 ‎2.It takes sb. time to do sth.‎ ‎ 做某事花某人多少时间 ‎3.spend time (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ 花时间做某事 ‎4.get dressed 穿上衣服 ‎5.get lost 迷路 ‎6.be close to doing sth. 差点做某事 ‎1.backpack n．　背包 ‎2.clean up 打扫干净 ‎3.cleanup n. 大扫除 ‎4.pocket money 零花钱 ‎5.do a thorough cleaning 进行大扫除 ‎6.need repairing/need to be repaired 需要修理 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．burden n．负担，重担 vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.‎ 相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分钱拿出来支付贷款。‎ ‎(1)a burden on/to ...　　　 是……的负担 bear (take on)/carry/reduce/share the burden ‎ 承受/担负/减少/分担重担 ‎(2)burden sb./oneself with sth. 装载……；使……负担……‎ be burdened with ... 负重；为……所累 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He insisted on working after retirement, because he didn't want to become a burden to/on his children when he was old.‎ ‎②Nowadays peasants are no longer burdened (burden) with heavy taxation.‎ ‎③Why do you burden yourself with your sister's dog? ‎ 完成句子/句式升级 ‎④There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that I'll take_on/bear_the_burden.‎ 尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。‎ ‎⑤Some parents complain that their children are_burdened_with_heavy_homework.‎ 有些家长抱怨他们孩子的家庭作业繁重。‎ ‎⑥He was burdened with endless paperwork, so he didn't have time to assist you.‎ ‎→Burdened_with_endless_paperwork,_he_didn't_have_time_to_assist_you.(过去分词作状语)‎ ‎2．undertake vt.着手做，从事，承担；允诺，答应 ‎[教材原句]　Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.‎ 胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。‎ undertake＋n./pron.　　 承担……‎ undertake to do ... 着手做……；答应做……‎ undertake that ... 答应……‎ undertake for ... 为……负责 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We'll undertake for your security while you are visiting our country.‎ ‎②He undertook to_improve (improve) the working conditions and the workers were expecting it. ‎ 句型转换/完成句子 ‎③She undertook that she would finish the job by Friday last night.‎ ‎→She undertook to finish the job by Friday last night.‎ ‎④We are supposed to undertake_the_responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.‎ 我们应该承担过低碳生活的责任，这意义重大。‎ ‎3．abundant adj.大量的；丰富的；充裕的 ‎[经典例句]　There is an abundant supply of cheap labour.‎ 廉价劳动力供应充足。‎ ‎(1)be abundant in ＝ be rich in　 富有……；……很丰富 ‎(2)abundance n. 丰富 an abundance of 丰富的，许多的 in abundance 大量；富裕 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①South Africa is a developing country which is_abundant_in_natural resources.‎ 南非是一个自然资源丰富的发展中国家。‎ ‎②If you travel in the sea, you will see an_abundance_of marine creatures.‎ 如果你在海上旅行的话，会看到很多海洋生物。‎ ‎③There is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in_abundance.‎ 我们对于原材料的需求日益增长，而有些荒野中就蕴藏着丰富的资源。‎ ‎4．resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使顺从 ‎[教材原句]　His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.‎ 他的老板坚持要他更长时间地工作，所以他辞职了。‎ resign one's job/post/position　　 辞去工作/职位 resign from ... 从……辞职 resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从……；使自己安于(做)某事 resign as ... 辞去当……的职务 resign ... to ... 把……托付给……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is reported that more and more parents resign their children to grandparents at hometown while working in the city.‎ ‎②Two members resigned from the board in protest against the decision.‎ 完成句子 ‎③In order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign_her_position_as_manager.‎ 为了照顾生病的母亲，我朋友决定辞去公司经理的职务。‎ ‎④The team refused to resign_themselves_to_defeat/being_defeated.‎ 该队不甘失败。‎ ‎5．elect vt.选举，推选；选择 ‎[经典例句]　Employees from each department elect a representative.‎ 每个部门的员工选举一名代表。‎ ‎(1)elect sb. to ...　　　　　 选举某人进入……‎ elect sb.as/to be ... 选举某人为……‎ elect to do sth. 选择做某事 ‎(2)election n. 选举；推举；当选 run for an election 参加竞选 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①After she lost the election (elect), her influence on the public was in decline.‎ ‎②It is said that only two students will be elected to_take (take) part in the coming English Contest. ‎ ‎③She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate (参议院)．‎ 完成句子 ‎④He has already stated his intention to_run_for_the_election.‎ 他已声明打算参加竞选。‎ ‎⑤I have such a good command of English that I am_elected_as/to_be_assistant to my English teacher.‎ 我精通英语，以至于我被选为英语老师的助手。‎ ‎6．sentence n．& vt.判决；宣判；判刑 ‎[教材原句]　In the USA in the last 100 years, 23 men have been ‎ wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.‎ 在美国，在过去的100年里，23人已被误判为死刑，还有另外400件案例遭质疑。‎ ‎(1)serve a sentence　　　　　 服刑 pass/give sentence on sb.　 给某人判刑 ‎(2)sentence sb.to ...　 给某人判……刑(常用被动语态)‎ be sentenced to death/three years in prison ‎ 被判死刑/三年徒刑 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①The prisoner has served_his_sentence_and will be released tomorrow.‎ 犯人已服刑期满，明天将被释放。‎ ‎②His brother was_sentenced_to_death_because he was accused of murder.‎ 他的哥哥因被指控谋杀而被判处死刑。‎ ‎③It's reported that the judge passed_sentence_on the murder on May 18.‎ 据报道，法官于5月18日宣布了对杀人犯的判决。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．All kinds of flowers grow in abundance in the park and it looks more beautiful.‎ ‎2．I will undertake to_feed (feed) your dogs while you are away.‎ ‎3．The old man doesn't want to be a burden to/on his children.‎ ‎4．They refused to resign themselves to their fate and wanted to try again.‎ ‎5．We have not enough money; consequently (consequent) we cannot afford a new car.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．A fierce fire broke out there last night. Consequent, most of the building was burnt to the ground.Consequent→Consequently ‎2．He was elected to be a chairman of the Students' Union at school.去掉a ‎3．In the evolution of human development and social process, scientific and technological innovation is always burdened to the important role.to→with ‎4．He failed all his attempts and now he has to resign his fate. resign后加to ‎5．The old man was in despair because the judge passed sentence to his son.to→on/upon Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．既然我们身为父母，我们就应该承担起照顾家人的责任。(take on/bear the burden of)‎ Since_we_are_parents,_we_should_take_on/bear_the_burden_of_looking_after_all_the_family_members.‎ ‎2．她们答应在星期一之前完成任务。(undertake to do sth.)‎ They_undertook_to_finish_the_task_by_Monday.‎ ‎3．众所周知，中国农产品丰富。(be abundant in)‎ As_is_known_to_us,_China_is_abundant_in_agricultural_produce.‎ ‎4．那个年轻人因偷了太多钱而被判了六年徒刑。(sentence)‎ The_young_man_was_sentenced_to_six_years_in_prison_for_stealing_too_much_money.‎ ‎5．她怜悯那个孤儿，给了他一些食物和衣服。(show mercy to)‎ She_showed_mercy_to_the_orphan_and_gave_him_some_food_and_clothes.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．knock into sb.撞上某人 ‎[教材原句]　There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road!‎ 那里每周至少有一起车祸发生，我今天差点撞上一个正在过马路的人！‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①knock down/over　　　　 撞倒；打倒；拆除 ‎②knock at/on 敲(门、窗、墙等)‎ ‎③knock out 撞出；敲击 ‎④knock off 减价；中断，停止 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①If you knock into someone, you'd better say “I'm sorry”．‎ 如果你撞到某人身上，你最好说句“对不起”。‎ ‎②He was in hospital for two months after being knocked down/over by a car.‎ 他被车撞后住了两个月的院。‎ ‎③Please knock on/at the door before you come in next time.‎ 下次在你进来之前请先敲门。‎ ‎2．show off炫耀，夸耀；卖弄；显示 ‎[教材原句]　Nobody has any desire to show off and gold and silver have no value — unlike in our society.‎ 没有人有任何欲望去炫耀，而且金和银没有价值——这与我们的社会不同。‎ ‎(1)show sb.(a)round/in/out　　 领某人参观/进来/出去 show up 出席，露面；暴露 ‎(2)(be) on show＝(be) on display 在展出 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Mike has only driven to the pub to show_off_his_new_car — he usually walks.‎ 迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。‎ ‎②After the lecture, we_were_shown_around the school by the headmaster.‎ 讲座结束后，校长带领我们参观了校园。‎ ‎③He promised to attend the meeting, but he hasn't_showed_up yet.‎ 他答应出席会议，但是他还没有出现。‎ ‎④Quite a number of worldfamous paintings are___on__show in this exhibition.‎ 有相当多的世界名画在本次展览会上展出。‎ ‎3．come into being形成，存在 ‎[教材原句]　If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.‎ 如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要作巨大的调整，而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。‎ come into existence　　　　 开始存在，建立，产生 come into effect/force 生效 come into use 开始使用 come into power 掌权 come into sight/view 看见；进入视野 come into fashion 开始流行 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist)．‎ ‎②The Irish Free State came into being (be) in 1922.‎ ‎③Celebrating Valentine's Day came into fashion many years ago in China, and flower shops can sell dozens of roses at a time.‎ 完成句子 ‎④When did this word come_into_use?‎ 这个词是什么时候开始使用的？‎ ‎⑤A bicycle came_into_sight/view on the main road.‎ 大路上出现了一辆自行车。‎ ‎⑥The new tax regulation will come_into_effect/force at the beginning of the new year.‎ 新税法将在来年年初开始生效。‎ ‎⑦When did the labour government come_into_power in the UK?‎ 在美国工党政府什么时候执政的？‎ ‎4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier to keep an eye on people's movements. ‎ 然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。‎ ‎(1)句中是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to keep an eye on people's movements。‎ ‎(2)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带to)等来充当。‎ ‎①The purpose of new technologies is to make_life_easier,_not to make_it_more_difficult.‎ 新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。‎ ‎②People in the West make_it_a_rule_to_buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.‎ 西方国家的人常在圣诞节时给亲属和朋友购买礼物。‎ ‎③They didn't know the native language, so they couldn't make_themselves_understood.‎ 他们不懂当地的语言，所以他们不能使当地人理解自己的意思。‎ ‎④The boy made a face just to make_others_laugh.‎ 那个男孩做了个鬼脸，只是想逗别人笑。‎ ‎5．What if ...?‎ What_if some married people have affairs?‎ 要是一些已婚的人有了婚外情怎么办？‎ ‎(1)What if ...？意为“如果……将怎么办？”可以看作What will happen if ...？的省略形式；还可表示“即使……又有什么关系”，看作是What does it matter if ...的省略形式。‎ ‎(2)how come 意为“……是怎么回事，为什么”。可以单独出现在对话的语境中，也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。‎ ‎(3)So what？“那又怎么样？”‎ ‎①What_if_it_rains tomorrow? Will we still have soccer practice?‎ 明天要是下雨怎么办？我们还练足球吗？‎ ‎②What if (＝What_does_it_matter_if) he has much money?‎ 即使他很有钱又有什么关系？‎ ‎③Since she spent five years in Paris, how_come her French is so bad?‎ 既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕？‎ ‎④—He is fifteen years younger than you!‎ ‎—So_what?‎ ‎——他比你小十五岁呢！‎ ‎——那又怎么样？‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It's high time that you started/should_start (start) working.‎ ‎2．The little girl would rather walked (walk) home from school every afternoon.‎ ‎3．The scientist explained in his book how the universe came into being.‎ ‎4．He doesn't invest in the arms industry on principle.‎ ‎5．The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard (hear)．‎ ‎6．We waited for her at the train station for over two hours, but she still didn't show up.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She managed to make herself understand in English.understand→understood ‎2．I would rather you stayed with us yesterday, but you left.‎ stayed前加_had ‎3．Could you do me a favor and keep an eye for my luggage？for→on ‎4．It's time that the factory takes action to deal with water pollution.takes→took ‎5．Although some people like to show up their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans.up→off ‎ ‎6．Many ways can contribute to solve this problem, but the following one may be the most effective. solve→solving Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．这些噪音使我无法继续工作。(make＋宾语＋宾补)‎ All_these_noises_made_it_impossible_for_me_to_go_on_with_the_work.‎ ‎2．经过激烈的讨论，一项新的计划诞生了，这将对学生的学习有很大的影响。(come into being, have an effect on)‎ After_a_heated_discussion,__a_new_plan_came_into_being,__which_would_have_a_great_effect_on_the_study_of_students.‎ ‎3．那是那位电影明星最后一次出现在公众面前。(show up)‎ It_was_the_last_time_that_the_movie_star_had_shown_up_in_public.‎ ‎4．我刚要进屋，正在那时从屋里跑出来一个男孩，差一点撞倒我。(be about to do ... when ..., knock down/over)‎ I_was_about_to_enter_the_room_when_a_boy_ran_out_of_the_room_and_nearly_knocked_over/down_me.‎ ‎5．要是我们把画移到那儿会怎么样？让我们试试。(what if ...)‎ What_if_we_move_the_picture_over_there?_Let's_have_a_try.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译 ‎1．If this method begins to be used, it will greatly increase our production.‎ ‎→If this method comes into use,_ it will greatly increase our production.‎ ‎2．When did the term of “newnew people” exist?‎ ‎→When did the term of “newnew people” come into being?‎ ‎3．The scientist was thinking a problem when he ran into a tree.‎ ‎→The scientist was thinking a problem when he knocked into a tree.‎ ‎4．今天上午在镇上，我碰到了你谈论的那位明星。‎ ‎①I_knocked_into_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(knock)‎ ‎②I_came_across_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(come)‎ ‎③I_met_with_the_star you talked about in the town this morning.(meet)‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——说服 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.‎ ‎2．The manager demanded that the workers (should)_work (work) overtime to complete the task ahead of time.‎ ‎3．My parents requested that I (should)_learn (learn) a second foreign language.‎ ‎4．Her pale face suggested that she was (be) ill, and her parents suggested that she (should)_have (have) a medical examination.‎ ‎5．He insisted that he was (be) right, and he insisted that his plan (should)_be_carried (carry) out at once.‎ ‎6．I think it's high time that the children went/should_go (go) to school.‎ ‎7．The doctor recommended that she_(should)_have (have) a holiday to relax herself.‎ ‎8．His son had been away from home for a week. He would rather he hadn't_shouted (not shout) at him.‎ ‎9．If I were you, I would_go (go) abroad for further study.‎ ‎10．His suggestion is that we (should)_do (do) our homework more carefully.‎ ‎11．You'd better spend (spend) your time on some books worth reading.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He recommended that I went to attend the professor's lecture. went→go ‎2．The young man insisted that he did nothing wrong and was set free at once._was→be ‎3．If I were you, I will accept the job at once.will→would ‎4．I would rather you returned me the book yesterday. But you ‎ didn't.returned前加had ‎5．The look on his face suggested that he were angry. were→was ‎6．You'd better giving up smoking or you'll end in hospital._giving→give Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．When you feel nervous, you'd_better_listen_to_some_light_music to put yourself at ease.‎ 当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松一下。‎ ‎2．If I were you, I_would_take_a_walk in the evening with my friends.‎ 如果我是你，我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。‎ ‎3．As a senior high student, I_think_you_should_concentrate_your_attention_on your skills of learning.‎ 作为一名高中生，我认为你应该把你的注意力集中到你的学习技巧上。‎ ‎4. I_would_rather_you_didn't_do anything for the time being.‎ 我宁愿你暂时先不要采取什么措施。‎ ‎5．It_is_high_time_that_we_should_take/took_measures to prevent global warming.‎ 是我们该采取措施阻止全球变暖的时候了。‎ ‎6．In my opinion, _it_is_important_that_we_(should)_value_our_friends_instead of phones in our real life.‎ 在我看来， 在我们的现实生活中我们应该重视我们的朋友，而不是手机，这一点很重要。‎ ‎7．The child ought_to_be_punished. You shouldn't_let_him_get_away_with telling lies!‎ 这个孩子应当受到处罚。你不应该对他撒谎不进行处罚！‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练缩写——让语言更凝练 ‎[题目要求]‎ 近年来选择假期出国游的人越来越多，但游客的不文明现象时有发生。请把下面的文章缩至60词左右。‎ 注意：保留关键词，关键词在文中加黑。‎ ‎[缩写提示]‎ At present, more and more people choose to travel abroad when they have holidays. Several factors contribute to this phenomenon. For one thing, with the development of China's economy, more people can afford to travel abroad. For another, as they are interested in foreign cultures, they are eager to experience foreign life by themselves.‎ However, some people tend to behave badly overseas as they drop litter everywhere, spit in public, or jump the queue, which leave a bad impression. ‎ Personally, I think every one of us should be polite no matter where we are, at home or abroad. Besides, we should keep in mind that it is our responsibility to maintain the image of our motherland.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Now more and more people choose to travel abroad for various reasons. For example, the development of China's economy, and the ‎ interest in foreign cultures and so on. However, some people behave badly overseas. I think we should be polite no matter where we are and should maintain the image of our motherland.‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A Most foodies (吃货) agree that eating healthy food is important.But sometimes making good food choices can be tough.Now there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their diets and their dining out experiences.‎ Cheese & Wine Pairing app Wine and cheese can be a great combination.But which wines go best with which cheeses？Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing can help.It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and advises wines to pair with each.Max McCalman's Cheese & Wine Pairing is free for iPhones and iPads.‎ Calorific app What does 200 calories look like？It can be hard to picture.Calorific provides images of 200 calories worth of food.The pictures can help people on a diet and those who just want to eat healthier food.The app is free for iPads and iPhones.There is also a version that provides more information for a price.‎ HappyCow app Vegetarians do not eat animal meat.Vegans do not eat any animal products.HappyCow is made for both groups.Users can search for ‎ vegetarianvegan restaurants and stores around the world.A free version of HappyCow is available for Android that has ads and requires an Internet connection.‎ LocalEats app Restaurant chains, like McDonald's, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel.But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals.LocalEats is designed for that.It lists locally owned restaurants so users can try foods from that area.The app costs about a dollar.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了四款与饮食有关的手机应用程序，它们可以帮助吃货们充分了解他们的饮食，帮助他们健康节食以及提高他们在外吃饭的质量。‎ ‎21．If people want to go on a diet, they need ________.‎ A．Cheese & Wine Pairing　 　B．LocalEats C．Calorific D．HappyCow 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Calorific app部分的“The pictures can help people on a diet ...”可知，Calorific app能帮助要节食的人。故选C项。‎ ‎22．How is LocalEats different from the other apps?‎ A．It is made for groups.‎ B．It is not free for iPhones or Android.‎ C．It is designed for travelers.‎ D．It is not available for vegetarians.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The app costs about a dollar.”可知，LocalEats app需要付费，再根据Cheese & Wine Pairing app部分的“Cheese & Wine Pairing is free for iPhones and iPads”；Calorific app部分的“The app is free for iPads and iPhones.”及HappyCow ‎ app部分的“A free version of HappyCow is available for Android”可知，其他三款应用程序均可免费使用。故选B项。‎ ‎23．What is the main purpose of this article?‎ A．To help people choose free restaurants.‎ B．To advertise the best apps for iPhones.‎ C．To introduce some healthy eating habits.‎ D．To inform foodies of some useful apps.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据首段中主题句“Now there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their diets and their dining out experiences.”以及四个小标题中的关键词app可判断，本文的主要目的是为吃货们提供有用的应用程序。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2018·陕西黄陵中学模拟)There are good reasons not to use a traditional credit card online. Shopping online increases the odds that someone will steal your credit card number. And the buynowpaylater aspect of credit cards encourages some people to dangerously overspend. But the online economy is very much a credit card economy. If you're going to buy a song, book, or just anything online, you'll be expected to enter a credit card number. Fortunately, there are options.‎ Before we get to the good options, let's discuss an obvious but very bad one: your ATM card. Sure, it has a 16digit number and can be used as a credit card. But it's a debit card, with the money coming out of your bank account immediately with each charge. If a thief gets your number, he or she could empty your account before you know what happened. Not so with a real credit card, where you pay nothing until you see the monthly bill and can challenge doubtful charges.‎ Instead, ask your bank to set you up with a secondary account for online purchases, and keep only a small amount in that account. The account would need its own ATM card, with its own credit card number. Just make sure this account lacks overdraft protection; you don't want money moving automatically from your real account into this one.‎ Another option: Sign up for Paypal, connecting it to your bank account. The payment service of Paypal can give you a debit card that you can use in place of a credit card.‎ Finally, you can use gift cards, which you can buy at oldfashioned brickandmortar stores (实体店). You can even buy these with cash.‎ I found gift cards for various prepaid amounts for Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Ebay, and others. They also sell prepaid Visa cards, which you could purchase for any amount between ＄20 and＄500.‎ 语篇解读：我们有足够的理由不使用传统的信用卡网购，因为那很容易让某些人偷走我们的信用卡号，我们的账户就会面临被刷空的风险。那么如何既适应网购大潮，又保护好自己的金钱呢？本文提出了几种不直接用传统信用卡进行网购的做法。‎ ‎24．The underlined word “odds” in Paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．riches B．chances C．abilities D．responsibilities 解析：选B　词义推测题。根据被猜词前面的increases一词以及后面that引导的同位语从句that someone will steal your credit card number 可知，网上购物增加了他人盗走你的信用卡号的可能性，故本题选择B项“可能性”。A项意为“财富”；C项意为“能力”；D项意为“责任”。‎ ‎25．Which is NOT true of an ATM card from the passage?‎ A．It can be used as a credit card.‎ B．It has a 16digit number.‎ C．It is a debit card.‎ D．It is oldfashioned.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Sure, it has a 16digit number and can be used as a credit card. But it's a debit card”可知，A、B与C项都与ATM card“金融卡”有关，而D项在文中未提及。‎ ‎26．Which are the right options to shop online without a credit card?‎ a．keeping a large amount in your secondary account b．signing up for Paypal, connecting it to your bank account c．using gift cards bought at oldfashioned brickandmortar stores d．asking your bank to set you up with a secondary account for online purchases A．a，b，c B．a，b，d C．a，c，d D．b，c，d ‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“keep only a small amount in that account”可知，a项中large一词错误，故正确答案中不应该包括a，故本题选择D项。‎ ‎27．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．How to Shop Online Without a Traditional Credit Card B．Why We Shouldn't Use a Credit Card Online C．Several Ways to Shop Online Efficiently ‎ D．What Sites Sell Prepaid Visa Cards 解析：选A　标题归纳题。‎ ‎ 第一段第一句提出不要用传统的信用卡进行网上购物，最后一句提出有其他选择可以取代这种支付形式；其余五段接着说明了具体的替代方式，也就是不用传统的信用卡却能进行网购的做法，故本题选择A项。C项意为“高效率网购的几种做法”，与本文内容不符，故排除。‎ C Robert Ballard was born in 1942.Form an early age, he loved the sea.Ballard grew up in Southern California.He spent his free time at the beach near his home.He enjoyed fishing and swimming.He even learned to dive.‎ When Ballard wasn't at the ocean, he loved reading about it.At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.His parents helped him follow his dream.‎ Ballard was a hardworking student.He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean.By the age of 28, he was an expert.In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals.These animals lived far below the ocean's surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.‎ By the 1980s, Ballard's interests changed.He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom.His first find, the wellknown ship Titanic, made Ballard famous.He was not happy with just one big find, however.He looked for — and found — other wellknown ships.One was the German battleship Bismarck.Another was the USS Yorktown, an aircraft carrier (航空母舰) that sank during World War Ⅱ.‎ Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer.He also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science.Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps.After all, the world's huge oceans are mostly unknown.Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了海底探险家罗伯特·巴拉德的人生经历，包括他小时候的理想、学习经历以及长大后的成就。‎ ‎28．What was Ballard's dream when he was young?‎ A．To be an animal expert.‎ B．To be a professional diver.‎ C．To be a famous writer.‎ D．To be an underwater explorer.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德小时候的梦想是做一名海底探险者。故选D项。‎ ‎29．When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, he________.‎ A．explored mountains with other scientists B．thought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoes C．found some unknown sea animals alone D．developed unmanned vehicles to change interests 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean.He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.”‎ 可知，巴拉德在伍兹霍尔海洋研究所工作时，提出了预测海底火山的方法。故选B项。‎ ‎30．What can be a suitable title for the passage?‎ A．The Unknown Ocean World B．A Hardworking Student C．The Life of an Undersea Explorer D．An Underwater Exploration 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据文章的时间线索可知，本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了海底探险家罗伯特·巴拉德的人生经历。故选C项。‎ ‎31．Which of the following is TRUE about Ballard according to the passage?‎ A．Ballard set up an organization to teach students science.‎ B．Ballard has explored more than half of the world's oceans.‎ C．Ballard disappointed his parents at his undersea adventures.‎ D．Ballard was greatly influenced by Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At the age of 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo.Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”可知，巴拉德受《海底两万里》这本书的影响很大。故选D项。‎ D ‎(2018·天津河北区质检)Sometimes having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink, wear strange hairdos and even fight. Basically, they are often taking risks.‎ Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make ‎ irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what explains their risky behavior?‎ According to Laurence Steinberg, a professor at Temple University, US, the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them — that's the effect of “peer influence”， reported Science Daily.‎ As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates and also become more sensitive to their feedback (反馈). This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the shortterm benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.‎ In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they tended to drive more safely.‎ Why does pressure from peers have such a big influence on teens' behavior?‎ As Steinberg sees it, a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车). The “accelerator”， the brain's ability to notice the benefits of things, is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake”， the brain part related to controlling impulses (冲动) and longterm thinking, is still immature. When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers, they tend to push hard on the accelerator. Given how weak the brake is, it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.‎ But the good news here, according to Steinberg, is that a violent teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult. About twothirds to ‎ threequarters of violent youth grow out of it. “They get more selfcontrolled，” Steinberg told Live Science.‎ Also, people who haven't committed a violent crime by age 19 are less likely to start doing it later, added Steinberg.‎ 语篇解读：家里有个问题青年是件令人头疼的事情，可是这些暴力青年在长大后并不一定会成为暴力成年人。‎ ‎32．The underlined word “irrational” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．crazy B．quick C．careful D．independent 解析：选A　词义猜测题。结合第一段可知青少年可能会做出一些疯狂的决定。irrational与crazy意思相近。‎ ‎33．Why are teenagers likely to take risks according to the text?‎ A．They are too young to tell right from wrong.‎ B．They are eager to challenge themselves.‎ C．They care a lot about what their peers think of them.‎ D．Their brains are more sensitive to thrilling events.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“teens care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them”可知选项C正确。‎ ‎34．How does Steinberg explain the influence of peer pressure on teens' behavior?‎ A．By performing an indepth analysis.‎ B．By giving examples.‎ C．By using a metaphor (比喻)．‎ D．By presenting research findings.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“As Steinberg sees it, a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车)．”可知选项C正确。‎ ‎35．According to the text, with peers around them, teenagers tend to ________.‎ A．use more selfcontrol B．become more careful about what they do C．perform better than when they are alone D．focus more on shortterm benefits 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When they played with their friends watching, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.”可知选项D正确。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ American teenagers are driving less than ever before. Surveys of American youngsters show that young people in America prefer to spend their time online, chatting with their friends or playing games on the Internet rather than cruising (漫游) around in their cars. __36__‎ For generations cars have been a symbol of freedom and America's most important pastime. You had to have a car at an early age if you wanted to be cool. As gas prices are increasing, car driving is becoming more expensive. For almost half of the generation between 18 and 26, having good Internet access is more important than owning a car. __37__There they can chat, exchange photos and play games together.‎ The golden age of the 50s and 60s, in which teenagers drove around just for the fun of it, is gone. In those days a shiny new car was something to boast about. It showed who you were. Among the baby boomers of the ‎ postWorld War Ⅱ era, 85% wanted their own cars. __38__ In 2010 the figure dropped to only 30%.‎ Today driving is not as much fun as it was in the 50s and 60s when there was not so much traffic. __39__ In the golden age cars were everything young people had so they just got into them and drove off as soon as they got home from school.‎ Another reason for the decrease in teenage driving may be stricter driving tests and the fact that 16yearolds must be accompanied by licensed drivers over 21.‎ But not only teenagers have been driving less. A study shows that Americans of all ages have cut down car use, mostly because gas prices have been going up since 2007. __40__ It has more cars per person than any other country in the world.‎ A．Seldom can they pass the driving test easily.‎ B．America, however, remains a country of automobiles.‎ C．And you didn't have to pay so much attention on the roads.‎ D．The car as a status symbol is not as important for them as it used to be.‎ E．Young adults of today don't meet their friends in person but via the Internet.‎ F．More and more teenagers tend to devote their time and energy to playing computer games.‎ G．In 1978, half of all 16yearolds got their driving licenses as soon as they had reached that age.‎ 语篇解读：随着油价的上涨以及网络的普及，越来越多的美国年轻人宁愿花时间上网也不愿意开着车到处闲逛了。‎ ‎36．解析：‎ 选D　上一句提到如今美国的年轻人宁愿花时间上网也不愿意开着车到处转，因此D项(对年轻人来说，作为身份象征的车已经不再如以前那样重要了)既总结上文，又点明文章主题，符合语境。‎ ‎37．解析：选E　下一句提到在网上，他们可以聊天、互换照片，也可以一起打游戏，因此E项(现在的年轻人不再面对面交流，而是通过网络联系)在此引出下文。‎ ‎38．解析：选G　下一句提到在2010年这个数字下降到了30%，因此G项(在1978年，大约半数的16岁孩子一到这个年龄就拿到了驾照)与下一句形成对比，说明现在开车的年轻人不如过去多这一事实。‎ ‎39．解析：选C　上一句提到在五六十年代，路上没有那么多的车，因此C项(并且那时你也没必要如此注意路上的车)与上文语意一致，说明了五六十年代的道路和行车状况。‎ ‎40．解析：选B　上一句提到不仅是孩子，美国各个年龄段的人对汽车的使用都在减少；下一句提到美国人均拥有车的数量仍然是最多的。因此，B项(然而美国仍是一个汽车之国)既与上一句构成转折关系，又引出下一句的论述。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ Presently selfie (自拍) is popular among many young persons, even some elders. Danny Bowman was so crazy about it in order to attract girls when he was at school.He spent 10 hours a day __41__ more than 200 selfies trying to find the __42__ one.‎ He would take 10 photos of __43__ before he washed and would go __44__ class secretly three times every hour. At 16, he dropped out of school __45__ he could throw himself into his addiction, and he ate __46__. He did not leave his house for six months, and when he failed to ‎ take the perfect picture, he tried to __47__ himself by taking an overdose (过度用药). His mother, Penny, __48__ to save him, and forced him to ask for help after his addiction had become __49__.‎ The 19yearold boy, believed to be Britain's first selfie __50__， is now under special treatment __51__. He has not taken a picture of himself in seven months and has __52__ that achieving perfection is __53__. He told the Sunday Mirror, “I was constantly __54__ the perfect selfie and when I realized I couldn't, I wanted to die. I __55__ my friends, my education, my health and almost my life. The only thing I __56__ about was having my phone with me so that I could satisfy the desire for a picture of myself at any time of the day.”He expressed his __57__ to the doctors and said their help kept him __58__ and called on others to ask for help __59__ they ended up in hospital.‎ One psychologist at a clinic __60__ Danny was treated said the addiction to taking selfies has now become a mental illness.‎ 语篇解读： 本文主要谈论的是自拍非常受欢迎，许多年轻人因追求完美的自拍而上瘾，现已经成为一种心理疾病。‎ ‎41．A.getting　　　　　　　　 　B．making ‎ C．taking D．having 解析：选C　他一天要花十个小时自拍。take selfies“自拍”。‎ ‎42．A.good B．perfect ‎ C．beautiful D．comfortable 解析：选B　并努力找出最完美的那一张。‎ ‎43．A.himself B．his teacher C．the classroom D．others'‎ 解析：选A　根据语境可知是自拍，故选A。‎ ‎44．A.into　　 B．away C．inside　　 D．out of 解析：选D　上课时每个小时偷偷地溜出去三次，go out of“出去”。‎ ‎45．A.because B．so that C．but D．as if 解析：选B　在16岁时他辍学了，以便完全投入到自拍中。‎ ‎46．A.faster B．more C．slower D．less 解析：选D　为了拍出完美的照片，他吃的东西也更少了。‎ ‎47．A.surprise B．calm C．kill D．thank 解析：选C　当他找不出完美的照片时，他试图过度用药自杀。kill oneself“自杀”。‎ ‎48．A.failed B．managed C．succeeded D．decided 解析：选B　他妈妈救下了他。manage to do sth.“成功做成某事”。‎ ‎49．A.in order B．out of date C．under control D．out of control 解析：选D　他自拍上瘾失控后，他妈妈强迫他去寻求帮助。in order“有序”；out of date“过时”；under control“处于控制之下”；out of control“失去控制”。‎ ‎50．A.killer B．addict C．winner D．loser 解析：选B　19岁的他被认为是首例自拍上瘾者。‎ ‎51．A.in hospital B．at home C．at school D．at work 解析：选A　现在正在医院接受特殊的治疗。‎ ‎52．A.recognized B．expected C．realized D．imagined 解析：选C　七个月之内他没有自拍过，已经意识到得到完美(的自拍)是不可能的。‎ ‎53．A.unpleasant B．impossible C．possible D．necessary 解析：选B　根据语境可知，得到完美的自拍是不可能的。‎ ‎54．A.in search of B．in need of C．in memory of D．in favor of 解析：选A　句意：我一直在寻找完美的自拍，当我意识到我不能找到时，我就想死。in search of“寻找”；in need of“需要”；in memory of“纪念”；in favor of“支持”。‎ ‎55．A.missed B．left C．lost D．got 解析：选C　根据语境可知，自拍使他失去了很多。‎ ‎56．A.dreamed B．talked C．cared D．worried 解析：选C　他唯一关心的是随身携带手机。care about “关心”。‎ ‎57．A.sadness B．happiness C．regret D．thanks 解析：选D　他向医生表达了自己的感谢。‎ ‎58．A.patient B．alive C．wise D．wealthy 解析：选B　他说是他们的帮助使他仍然活着。‎ ‎59．A.after B．until C．while D．before 解析：选D　他呼吁他人在自拍上瘾到住院治疗之前就要寻求帮助。‎ ‎60．A.where B．which C．how D．when 解析：选A　他正在接受治疗的诊所的一位心理学家说自拍上瘾现在已经成为心理疾病。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I__61__ (live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap__62__ it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. People who visited me used to ask me__63__ I could sleep.“Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to__64__ much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy__65__. But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short__66__ cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take__67__ look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops, so I could always find someone__68__ (interest) to talk with.And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for__69__ (do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don't realize how__70__ (fortune) we are, do ‎ we?‎ 语篇解读：曾经当作者穷困潦倒时，他住在别人认为难以忍受的嘈杂的闹市区，但那些日子却让作者感到非常幸运。‎ ‎61．lived　考查时态。本文描述的是多年前的事，因此用一般过去时。‎ ‎62．because　考查连词。“我”的公寓的房租很便宜，因为“我”住在一个最繁忙的街区里。‎ ‎63．how　考查引导词。根据语境可知，此处表示“外边是繁忙的街区，那我是怎样睡着的？ ”。‎ ‎64．so　考查固定结构。“so much＋不可数名词”意为“如此多的……”。‎ ‎65．one　考查代词。“我”住的公寓在一个很吵闹的商店/酒吧上面。one代指商店或酒吧。‎ ‎66．of　考查介词。be short of 意为“缺少/短缺……”。‎ ‎67．a　考查固定短语。take a look 意为“看一看”，是固定结构。‎ ‎68．interesting　考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我找到某个有趣的人去交谈”。‎ ‎69．doing　考查非谓语动词。介词for后应跟动词ing 形式。‎ ‎70．fortunate　考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此空应填其形容词形式。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ Dear Jack，‎ How is everything going recently? I'm writing to tell you something about my birthday. The other day we hold a party to celebrate my 18th ‎ birthday. I was received many presents from my friends and parents, included cards, books, CDs and so on.During the party we sang and danced, having good time.‎ I thanked my friends for his help and company. At the meantime, I showed my sincerely appreciation to my parents for bringing me up. Now I grow up, that means I should shoulder more responsibilities. I'll try my best to share more houseworks to reduce their burden. It's high time that I do something to repay them.‎ How did you celebrate your 18th birthday? I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Jin 答案：第三句：hold→held 第四句：去掉was; included→including 第五句：good前加a 第六句：his→their 第七句：At→In; sincerely→sincere 第八句：that→which 第九句：houseworks→housework 第十句：do→did或do前加should 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假定你是李华，在澳大利亚做交换生，你准备在学校附近的麦当劳做兼职，请用英语写一封申请信，介绍自己的优势以获得这份工作。‎ ‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Sir or Madam，‎ In the following several months you will be really pleased, because someone who can really help the work will join you. Yes, that's me. I think I'm the very person for the work. Let me introduce myself.‎ First of all, I won't be late for work. Living near the McDonald's restaurant, I can arrive in ten minutes. Thus, I can work at any time when there is no class. Besides, I worked as a waiter in a restaurant last summer. Having gained much experience, and being good at communication, I can definitely work wonderfully here. What's more, I can speak English fluently and never complain about my work, no matter how hard it is.‎ I would appreciate it if you could employ me. And I would try my best to do the job. Thank you!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．She was burdened with five children, so she had to work day and night.‎ ‎2．We do not undertake to_give (give) up the use of force.‎ ‎3．As we all know, our country is abundant in natural resources.‎ ‎4．New technologies have made it possible to_turn (turn) out new products faster and at a lower cost.‎ ‎5．A police put some chemicals on the piece of paper and a line of words showed up. ‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎ ‎1．She managed to make herself understand in English. understand→understood ‎2．As far as I'm concerned, it's high time that we pay much attention to protecting our environment. pay→paid或pay前加should ‎3．If we all get behind Mr. Smith, we can easily elect him in that office.in→to ‎4．He failed all his attempts and now he has to resign his fate. resign后加to ‎ ‎5．I would rather you stayed with us yesterday, but you left.stayed前加_had ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．Most people would rather that criminal were_sentenced_to life in prision.‎ 大多数人都宁愿那名罪犯被判决为终身监禁。‎ ‎2．With the development of modern science and technology, the computer has_come_into_being/existence.‎ 随着现代科学技术的发展，电脑出现了。‎ ‎3．While crossing the road he was_knocked_down/over_by_a_bus.‎ 过马路的时候他被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。‎ ‎4．It_is_high_time_that_the_government_took_proper_steps to solve traffic problems.‎ 该是政府采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。‎ ‎5．What_if_your_house_is_broken_into while you are out?‎ 当你不在家时，你的房子被人闯入了怎么办？ ‎