【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：6数词和主谓一致作业

【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：6数词和主谓一致作业

课时作业6　数词和主谓一致 ‎(建议用时　40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．In the summer holiday following my ________ (eighteen) birthday, I took driving lessons.‎ ‎2．Two ________ (five) of the land in this district is covered with trees and grass.‎ ‎3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ (be) tired of having one examination after another now.‎ ‎4．It is either he or you who ________ (be) in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually.‎ ‎5．I have finished a large part of the novel written by Dickens, the rest of which ________ (be) very difficult.‎ ‎6．All the children are interested in the piano lessons.Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, ________ (be)．‎ ‎7．Fast food ________ (be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ ‎8．Either you or I ________ (be) going to be in charge of this matter now.‎ ‎9．No one in the department but Tom and I ________ (know) that the director is going to resign.‎ ‎10．The understanding between two friends ________ (mean) both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．eighteenth　句意：在我18岁生日之后的暑假，我学了驾驶课程。表示“18岁生日”应用序数词eighteenth。‎ ‎2．fifths　句意：这个地区五分之二的土地都被树木和草地所覆盖。此处分子大于1，故分母应用序数词的复数形式。 ‎ ‎3．are　考査主谓一致和时态。 not only ...but also...连接两个并列主语时应遵循就近原则，因此谓语动词用复数形式；由语境可知应用一般现在时。 ‎ ‎4．are　题干是一个强调句，被强调部分为句子的主语“either he or you”。根据就近原则，谓语动词应该与you保持一致，故填入are。原句为：Either he or you are in charge of the project and supposed to finish it punctually。 ‎ ‎5．is　句意：狄更斯写的这本小说我看完了大部分，剩余的部分很难。定语从句的主语是the rest of which。当主语是“the rest of＋名词”时，谓语的数取决于名词，这里which指的是the novel，所以谓语用单数；而且“这部分很难”是客观事实，用一般现在时。 ‎ ‎6．is　“not only...but also...”连接的并列结构作主语，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则，题干中靠近谓语动词的主语是Mary，故填入后句中省略了 interested in the piano lessons。 ‎ ‎7．is　考査时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，‎ 应用一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词；又因主语为fast food，故填is。 ‎ ‎8．am　考査主谓一致。当either...or...连接两个并列的主语时，其谓语动词的单复数适用就近一致原则，该题应与I一致，故填am。 ‎ ‎9．knows　句意为：除了我和汤姆，部门里没人知道经理即将辞职。主语后有but连接的成分时，谓语动词的形式与主语一致，主语no one表示单数；根据下文的时态可知应用一般现在时。故填 knows。 ‎ ‎10．means　考査主谓一致。此处mean所作的成分为谓语，而其主语是抽象名词understanding。当单个抽象名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，因此填means。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She went to America in her fortieths.________ ‎ ‎2．Nearly 70% of the fund are supplied by the government.________‎ ‎3．She never gets angry or lose her temper.________ ‎ ‎4．Stress is a state of being upset that happen when we are under pressure.________ ‎ ‎5．Besides，hiking with a group provides a great opportunity for me to make friends with those who shares the same interest with me.________ ‎ ‎6．People around the world may feel that the climate have been getting steadily warmer and warmer in recent years.________‎ ‎7．Besides，punishments, such as a fine，is necessary for tourists with so bad behavior.________ ‎ ‎8．This has to change because it is not clothes or shoes that makes a person.________ ‎ ‎9．Living in a boarding school make me independent.________ ‎ ‎10．Not the teacher but the students is looking forward to seeing the film.________ ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．fortieths→forties　“in one's ＋ 整十的基数词的复数形式”意为“在某人几十多岁的时候”。‎ ‎2．are→is　“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词。根据句中的fund可知此处应用is。 ‎ ‎3．lose→loses　句意：她从不生气或者发睥气。由主语She可知lose应用第三人称单数。‎ ‎4．happen→happens　句意：紧张是在我们有压力的时候出现的一种让人心烦的状态。先行词a state是单数，定语从句的谓语动词也应用单数形式。 ‎ ‎5．shares→share　句意：此外，和一群人结伴远足给了我与和我有相同兴趣的人交朋友的机会。who shares the same interest with me为定语从句，先行词是those，定语从句的谓语动词应和先行词保持一致，故将 shares 改为 share。 ‎ ‎6．have→has ‎　句意：全世界的人可能都感觉到近几年气候在持续变暖。 从句的主语是climate，为第三人称单数形式，所以应把have改为has。‎ ‎7．is→are　句意：此外，对于那些行为恶劣的游客来说，惩罚是必要的， 例如罚款。句子的主语是punishments，所以谓语动词要用复数。‎ ‎8．makes→make　句意：这必须有所改变，因为造就一个人的不是衣服和鞋子。分析句子结构可知，该句为强调句型，强调主语clothes or shoes，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。 ‎ ‎9．make→makes　句意：寄宿学校的生活使我变得独立。主语Living in a boarding school为第三人称单数，故将动词make改为makes。 ‎ ‎10．is→are　句意：不是老师而是学生正在期望着看电影。not...but...连接并列主语，谓语动词应该遵循就近一致原则。所以谓语动词应与the students保持一致，故把is改为are。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2019年福建省厦门高三模拟考试)‎ I was raised in a house where the TV was rarely switched on.With one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with __1__， most of my childhood was spent on books I could __2__．In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as __3__ as breathing and found books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, __4__ and live in.‎ With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a __5__．Every writer starts off knowing that he has__6__ to say, but being unable to find the right __7__ to say it.He has to find his own voice by reading widely and __8__ which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so __9__ that it reshapes his own world.He cannot write without loving to read, __10__ only through reading other people's writing can one discover what works, what doesn't and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what __11__ he has.‎ Now I am in college, and have come to realize how __12__ it is to read fiction.As a law student, my reading is in fact __13__ to subject matter.The volume (量) of what I have to read for __14__ every week means there is little time to read anything else.Such reading made it __15__ to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called __16__．Reading fiction reminds me that there is life __17__ my own.It __18__ me to travel across high seas and through deserts, all from the __19__ of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand，__20__ experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.‎ ‎1．A.beds B．tables ‎ C．shelves D．sofas ‎2．A.keep track of B．get hold of ‎ C．take care of D．make fun of ‎3．A.natural B．fierce ‎ C．difficult D．comfortable ‎4．A.give in B．participate in ‎ C．look in D．move in ‎5．A.teacher B．professor ‎ C．lawyer D．writer ‎6．A.everything B．nothing ‎ C．something D．anything ‎7．A.ways B．accesses ‎ C．keys D．attitudes ‎8．A.creating B．watching ‎ C．inventing D．discovering ‎9．A.strongly B．gently ‎ C．highly D．mildly ‎10．A.unless B．while ‎ C．because D．if ‎11．A.success B．dream ‎ C．progress D．voice ‎12．A.instant B．impossible ‎ C．tiresome D．important ‎13．A.used B．limited ‎ C．increased D．devoted ‎14．A.class B．recreation ‎ C．pleasure D．word ‎15．A.attractive B．possible ‎ C．clear D．clean ‎16．A.house B．college ‎ C．life D．world ‎17．A.within B．beside ‎ C．near D．beyond ‎18．A.allows B．arranges ‎ C．requires D．forces ‎19．A.place B．laziness ‎ C．comfort D．satisfaction ‎20．A.peaceloving B．timeconsuming ‎ C．heartbreaking D．funcreating 答案与解析 文章大意：本文属于夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者在童年喜欢阅读，下决心想要成为一名作家。但作者是法律系的学生，平时接触的书籍很少，所以作者的阅读量很有限。但是书籍使作者明白生活并不是全部，而且书籍还可以使作者去海上和沙漠遨游。作者知道虽然在他有生之年可能不会有有趣的创造，但是这种经历让人更加舒服。‎ ‎1．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我卧室的一面墙全是书架，我的童年大部分时间都花在我拥有的书籍上面。A.beds床；B.tables桌子；C.shelves架子；D.sofas沙发。根据下文“most of my childhood was ‎ spent on books”可知在“我”的卧室里有一个书架。故选C。‎ ‎2．B　考查词组辨析。句意：我卧室的一面墙全是书架，“我”的童年大部分时间都花在“我”拥有的书籍上面。A.keep track of追踪；B.get hold of 拥有；C.take care of照顾；D.make fun of嘲笑。“我”的童年花费在“我”能得到的书上，根据句意并联系上下文可知此处应使用get hold of，故选B。‎ ‎3．A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我在成长过程中，认为阅读书籍就像呼吸那么自然，相信书籍创造的世界我们可以参加，进入并在里面生活，有不可思议的能力。A.natural自然的；B.fierce激烈的；C.difficult困难的；D.comfortable舒适的。联系上下文可知“我”看书就像呼吸一样自然。故选A。‎ ‎4．B　考查词组辨析。句意：事实上，我在成长过程中，认为阅读书籍就像呼吸那么自然，相信书籍创造的世界我们可以参加，进入并在里面生活，有不可思议的能力。A.give in让步；B.participate in参加；C.look in进入；D.move in搬进。根据上文“found books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives(观点)by creating worlds”可知书籍创造的世界我们可以参加，进入并在里面生活。故选B。‎ ‎5．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着这个坚定的信念，在十四岁的时候，我决心成为一名作家。A.teacher教师；B.professor教授；C.lawyer律师；D.writer作家。根据上文可知作者很喜欢看书，所以在他十四岁的时候他决心成为一名作家。故选D。‎ ‎6．C ‎　考查代词词义辨析。句意：每个作家刚开始都要知道他要说些什么事，但是找不到正确的方式来说。A.everything每件事；B.nothing没有事情；C.something一些事；D.anything任何事情。根据句意可知此处应使用something。故选C。‎ ‎7．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个作家刚开始都要知道他要说些什么事，但是找不到正确的方式来说。A.ways方法；B.accesses进入；C.keys关键；D.attitudes态度。根据上文可知每个作家刚开始都想写些东西，但找不到合适的方法去写。故选A。‎ ‎8．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他要通过广泛阅读找到自己的声音，然后发现作者同意或者不同意的部分，或者坚定地认为这些东西可以重塑这个世界。A.creating创造；B.watching看；C.inventing发明；D.discovering发现。 根据句意可知此处应使用discovering。故选D。‎ ‎9．A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：他要通过广泛阅读找到自己的声音，然后发现作者同意或者不同意的部分，或者坚定地认为这些东西可以重塑这个世界。A.strongly强烈地；B.gently 温和地；C.highly高度；D.mildly温和地。根据上下文可知他坚定那可以重塑这个世界。故选A。‎ ‎10．C　考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果不爱阅读，一个人是写不出来的，因为只有通过阅读别人的作品，才能发现什么有用，什么没用，最后通过大量的练习，才会有自己的心声。A.unless除非；B.while然而；C.because因为；D.if如果。联系上下文可知“He cannot write without loving to read”和“only through reading other people's ‎ writing can one discover what works”是因果关系。故选C。‎ ‎11．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他要通过广泛阅读找到自己的声音，然后发现作者同意或者不同意的部分，或者坚定地认为这些东西可以重塑这个世界。A.success成功；B.dream梦想；C.progress 进步；D.voice心声。根据上文“He has to find his own voice by reading widely”可知此处应使用voice。故选D。‎ ‎12．D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我在读大学，开始意识到读小说是多么的重要。A.instant立刻的；B.impossible不可能的；C.tiresome疲惫不堪的；D.important重要的。根据句意并根据下文“Reading fiction reminds me”可知，读小说帮助作者拓宽视野，而不是局限于专业之内，故此处应使用important。故选D。‎ ‎13．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个法律系的学生，我的阅读是限制于法学专业方面。A.used使用；B.limited限制；C.increased增加；D.devoted致力于。联系上下文“The volume (量) of what I have to read for __14__ every week means there is little time to read anything else.”可知，专业要求大量的阅读限制了读其他方面书籍的时间，故选B。‎ ‎14．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周要为课程做大量的阅读，意味着几乎没有时间阅读其他方面的书籍。A.class课程；B.recreation娱乐；C.pleasure快乐；D.word单词。根据文章及常识可知，法学专业需要做大量的阅读，故选A。‎ ‎15．C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的阅读让我明白我只 是生活中很小的一部分。A.attractive有吸引力的；B.possible可能的；C.clear清晰的；D.clean干净的。联系上下文可知，现在在专业领域的阅读让作者明白其限制性。故选C。‎ ‎16．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的阅读让我明白我只是活在生活这个大地方的一小部分。A.house 房屋；B.college大学；C.life生活；D.world世界。 根据句意并联系上下文可知作者觉得阅读不应该限制范围，应全面了解生活，故选C。‎ ‎17．D　考查介词词义辨析。句意：读小说让我明白生活不是我的全部，还有其他的东西。A.within在……内；B.beside在……旁边；C.near在……附近；D.beyond超越。联系上下文可知，作者很重视阅读的价值，故选D。‎ ‎18．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读让我能够舒服躺在椅子上就可以去海上和沙漠上旅行，去体验现实生活中不一定能够体验到的有趣的经历，尽管这些经历是间接的。A.allows允许；B.arranges安排；C.requires需要；D.forces强迫。根据句意并联系上下文可知，作者讲述阅读的价值，此处应使用allows。故选A。‎ ‎19．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：阅读让我能够舒服躺在椅子上就可以去海上和沙漠上旅行，去体验现实生活中不一定能够体验到的有趣的经历，尽管这些经历是间接的。A.place 地方；B.laziness懒惰；C.comfort舒适；D.satisfaction满意。阅读可以让作者躺在椅子上舒舒服服地体验美好的东西， 故选C。‎ ‎20．D ‎　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阅读让我能够舒服躺在椅子上就可以去海上和沙漠上旅行，去体验现实生活中不一定能够体验到的有趣的经历，尽管这些经历是间接的。A.peaceloving爱好和平的；B.timeconsuming耗费时间的；C.heartbreaking伤心的；D.funcreating有趣的。根据句意并联系上文可知，阅读让作者体验到生活不能体验到的东西，此处应使用funcreating。故选D。‎ Ⅳ.语法填空 ‎(2019年云南省高三第二次高中毕业生复习统一检测)‎ China has built a highspeed passenger rail network in recent __1__ (year) and will continue to expand it.By the end of 2018, China's railway mileage (里程) __2__ (reach) 131，000 kilometers, of __3__ 29，000 kilometers were highspeed rail.This accounted for 2/3 of the world's total highspeed rail tracks, making China's highspeed rail system the world's __4__ (large) highspeed rail network.‎ China's highspeed trains are similar __5__ those of France's TGV, German's ICE and Japan's Shinkansen.The fast trains with a top speed of 250－350 km/h __6__ (call) CRH, China Railway Highspeed.‎ If you want to travel around China the highspeed trains will be your ideal choice since they are clean, comfortable __7__ modern.Unlike on the conventional trains in China, nobody is allowed __8__ (smoke) on highspeed trains, not even between carriages.‎ The seats are as good as those on the plane or even better.Most highspeed rail tickets have corresponding (对应的) seats, and only__9__ ‎ small number of standing tickets are sometimes sold on limited trains.There's never a crowd of people sitting in the aisles.The ticket prices for China highspeed trains are reasonable and, on most routes, the frequency of departure is very high, so people can buy tickets __10__ (convenient)．‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于中国的高铁进行了详细的介绍，并指出如果你想环游中国，高铁将是你的理想选择，因为它们干净、舒适、现代化。‎ ‎1．years　考查固定短语。句意：近年来，中国已经建成了高速客运铁路网，并将继续扩大。in recent years“在最近几年中”，该短语是固定短语，所以填years。‎ ‎2．had reached　考查时态。句意：截至2018年底，中国铁路里程已达13.1万公里，其中高速铁路里程2.9万公里。根据By the end of 2018，可知表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，所以填had reached。‎ ‎3．which　考查定语从句。of 29，000 kilometers were highspeed rail是一个介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词是131，000 kilometers，介词＋ 关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以填which。‎ ‎4．largest　考查最高级。句意：这占世界高铁总里程的2/3，使中国的高铁系统成为世界上最大的高铁网络。文中表示“最大的”，‎ 用最高级，所以填largest。‎ ‎5．to　考查固定用法。句意：中国的高铁类似于法国的TGV、德国的ICE和日本的新干线。be similar to“与……相似”，该用法是固定用法，所以填to。‎ ‎6．are called　考查时态和语态。句意：最高时速250－350公里的高速列车被称为CRH，即中国铁路高铁。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时；“高速列车”和“称作”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填are called。‎ ‎7．and　考查连词。句意：如果你想环游中国，高铁将是你的理想选择，因为它们干净、舒适、现代化。文中表示并列关系，所以填and。‎ ‎8．to smoke　考查固定用法。句意：与中国的传统列车不同，在高速列车上任何人都不允许吸烟，甚至车厢之间也不允许。allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，该用法是固定用法，所以填to smoke。‎ ‎9．a　考查固定短语。句意：这些座位和飞机上的一样好，甚至更好。大多数高铁车票都有相应的座位，只有少数站票有时在有限的列车上出售。a small number of“少量的”，该短语是固定短语，所以填a。‎ ‎10．conveniently　考查副词。句意：中国高铁的票价是合理的，而且大多数线路的发车频率都很高，所以人们可以很方便地买票。该空修饰动词buy，用副词，所以填conveniently。‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 ‎(2019年河南省实验中学高考最后一卷 )‎ It was a rain and cold night.I finish my evening classes and was about to go back to my house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my surprise, the driver made an apology, says he didn't know the way.What come a taxi driver didn't know the way? I was a little of angry.At the moment, an old couple stopped our car.Their destination was the same as me, so he let them in.The two greeted us but the grandpa told the driver the way.From their conversation I knew the driver was a farmer and he has been a taxi driver just for three days.I'm also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes, but there is always someone can help me.It was cold outside, but I felt real warm.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个寒冷的雨夜，作者在一个陌生的城市里打车的经历。‎ ‎1．考查形容词。句意：那是一个寒冷的雨夜。修饰名词night用形容词，故rain改为rainy。‎ ‎2．考查时态。句意：我上完晚课，正要回家。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故finish改为finished。‎ ‎3．考查非谓语动词。句意：令我吃惊的是，司机向我道歉，说他不认识路。the driver与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故says改为saying。‎ ‎4．考查固定句式。句意：司机怎么会不认识路？how come表示“怎么会”，故What改为How。 ‎ ‎5．考查a little of与a little的区别。句意：我有点生气。a little of修饰名词，a little修饰形容词或动词，故删除 of。‎ ‎6．考查代词。句意：他们的目的地和我的一样。此处表示“我的”，用名词性物主代词，故me改为mine。‎ ‎7．考查连词。句意：他们两个人向我们打招呼，爷爷给司机指路。前后是顺承而非转折关系，故but改为and。‎ ‎8．考查时态。句意：从谈话中我得知司机是一个农民，刚开出租车三天。此处表示过去完成的动作，应该用过去完成时，故has改为had。 ‎ ‎9．考查定语从句。句意：……但是总有人能帮助我。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，先行词为someone，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故在someone后加who。‎ ‎10．考查副词。句意：外面很冷，但我心里很温暖。修饰形容词warm用副词，故real改为really。‎