2020届二轮复习状语从句经典精讲学案（上）

2020届二轮复习状语从句经典精讲学案（上）

‎2020届二轮复习 状语从句经典精讲学案（上）‎ 开篇语 开心自测 开心自测讲解 题一：‎ Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ___he had done something very clever.‎ A. as if B. in case C. while D. though 题二：‎ To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with.‎ A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 题三：‎ ‎__________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. ‎ A. Since B. While C. If D. As 题四：‎ ‎____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea ‎ to exercise too close to bedtime.‎ A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless 主要考点梳理 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。‎ Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ Wherever you go，I’m right here waiting for you.‎ 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just)as...so..., as if, as though引导。as，(just)as...so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但当(just)as...so...结构位于句首时，as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如；就像”，多用于正式文体。‎ Always do to the others as you would be done by. ‎ As water is to fish, so air is to man. ‎ Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.‎ as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。译作“仿佛……似的；好像……似的”。‎ They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed. ‎ He looks as if ( as though)he had been hit by lighting. ‎ It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.‎ 原因状语从句 ‎ 比较because, since, as和for的用法： ‎ because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知的，就用as或since.‎ I didn’t go, because I was afraid. ‎ Since / As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.‎ 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for.‎ He is absent today, because / for he is ill.‎ He must be ill, for he is absent today.‎ 目的状语从句 ‎ 表示目的状语的从句可以由 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。‎ You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard ‎ by all. ‎ He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it. ‎ Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. ‎ 结果状语从句 结果状语从句常由so...that或such...that引导。so...that与such...that之间可以转换。‎ The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. ‎ He is such a young boy that he can’t go to. ‎ 条件状语从句 连接词主要有 if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that等。‎ Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. ‎ If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk.‎ 让步状语从句 though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。 ‎ Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.‎ He is very old, but he still works very hard. ‎ Though the sore is healed, yet a scar may remain.‎ as, though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词原形提前)。‎ Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. ‎ ever if, even though“即使”。‎ We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. ‎ whether...or...“不管……都”。‎ Whether you believe it or not, it is true. ‎ ‎“no matter ＋疑问词”或“疑问词＋－ever”。‎ No matter what happened, he would not mind. ＝ Whatever happened, he would not mind.‎ 高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在省略，时态的替代，语序的倒装以及连词的 辨析四个方面。‎ 成分的省略 ‎(1) 在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是it或与主句的主语一 致，且谓语动词含有be时，可把从句的主语和be一起省略。‎ Don’ speak until (you are) spoken to.‎ Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible.‎ ‎(2) 在比较状语从句中，可省略与主句相同的部分。‎ I know you more than he (knows you).‎ Tom is two years older than Alice (is).‎ ‎(3) as (尽管)引导让步状语从句倒装时，表语提前，且其前的冠词要省略。‎ Hero as he is, he has shortcomings.‎ 时态的替代 ‎(1) 在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。‎ If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing.‎ Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.‎ ‎(2) The more...the more...句型中，前句起条件状语从句作用，故用现在时表将来。‎ The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make.‎ ‎(3)after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。‎ I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework.‎ The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived.‎ He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory.‎ 语序的倒装 ‎(1)no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely/barely...when...句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。‎ No sooner had he got home than it began to rain.‎ ‎(2)so / such...that...，not until...置于句首时主句要倒装。‎ So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak.‎ Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened.‎ 连词的辨析 ‎ 根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。‎ 金题精讲 近几年高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在以下几个方面：‎ 考点：when，while与as的用法均可表示“当……的时候”，但有区别：‎ when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语 动作同时发生。有时还有“这时”的意思。‎ while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而”。‎ as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。常用一般现在时或过去时，意为“一边……一边……”。有时还有“随着”含义。‎ 题一：‎ I do every single bit of housework ____my husband Bob just does ‎ the dishes now and then.‎ A. since B. while C. when D. as ‎ ‎“一……就……”几种表达法 once, as soon as, the moment minute, immediately/directly/instantly引导的从句常用一般现在时或过去时。‎ hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than …结构中，前句常用过去完成式（常用部分倒装形式），后句用过去式。‎ On doing sth., each /every/the firs /the last + time 后也可直接接从句，一起作时间状语。‎ 题二：‎ ‎—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?‎ ‎—Yes. I gave it to her _____ I saw her. ‎ A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 考点：because, as, since与for的用法比较 because：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的问题。because与so不能同时并列使用。‎ since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。译为“‎ 既然”。‎ as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。‎ for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，且不可位于句首。‎ 题三：‎ ‎_______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. ‎ A. For B. Since C. When D. While 考点：no matter后可接who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, how, whether.‎ 引导的让步主语从句可用whoever, whomever, whenever, whichever, whatever, wherever, however替换，但在ever引导其它从句时不可用no matter引导。‎ 题四：‎ ‎_______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. ‎ A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 考点：until / till的用法 题五：‎ It was _____ back home after the experiment. ‎ A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 题六：‎ ‎—Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?‎ ‎—Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in the grade.‎ A. after B. unless C. until D. when 开心自测讲解 题一：A 题二：C 题三：B 题四：C 金题精讲 题一：B 题二：B 题三：B 题四：C 题五：C 题六：C ‎