专题03 形容词和副词（命题猜想）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题（解析版）

专题03 形容词和副词（命题猜想）-2019年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题（解析版）

‎【考向解读】 ‎ 单项填空题对形容词和副词的考查重点是词义辨析、形容词和副词的比较、倍数关系以及形容词和副词在特殊语境中的应用等。对此考生还应掌握形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成方法及形容词作定语或表语这一基本考点。 ‎ ‎【命题热点突破一】形容词、副词的基本用法 ‎ 例1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it's always (energy)．‎ ‎【答案】energetic ‎【变式探究】(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total (globe)fertilizer consumption.‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式作定语。‎ ‎【答案】global ‎【变式探究】(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people. ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词。此处无比较级含义，故用原级。‎ ‎【答案】larger→large ‎【变式探究】(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The Central London Railway was one of the most ________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.‎ ‎【解析】此处表示这些新开线路中最为成功的线路之一。设空位置在be动词was之后，且空前为the most，故用形容词successful。‎ ‎【答案】successful ‎【变式探究】(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been ________(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.‎ ‎【解析】此处表示对于乘客来说是相当不愉快的。设空处位于形容词unpleasant之前，修饰形容词unpleasant应用fair的副词形式fairly，表示“相当地”。注意must have done“过去一定做了……”表示对过去情况的肯定推测。‎ ‎【答案】fairly ‎【变式探究】Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs(小树枝) which ________(gradual) turned into chopsticks.‎ ‎【解析】此处应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎【答案】gradually ‎【变式探究】Chinese scientists ________(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.‎ ‎【解析】根据句中结构可知，此处应用副词作状语。 ‎ ‎3.（(2017·全国新课标卷Ⅱ) The Central London Railway was one of the most 　10　(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎【答案】successful ‎【解析】考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most 可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。‎ ‎4.（(2017·全国新课标卷Ⅲ) I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 　10　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more."‎ ‎【答案】certainly ‎【解析】考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空格处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。‎ ‎5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. ______________‎ ‎【答案】earlier→early ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. ______________‎ ‎【解析】修饰名词stop应用形容词。注意与固定搭配come to a stop“停下”。类似的还有come to an end“结束”；come to a conclusion“得出结论，结束”。‎ ‎【答案】suddenly→sudden ‎7．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. ______________‎ ‎【解析】此处为so...that...“如此……以至于……”结构。形容词前一般不用much修饰，除非是一些以a开头的作表语的形容词(alike，afraid，awake等)，much一般用于修饰形容词的比较级。‎ ‎【答案】去掉much ‎1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，63)The title will be ________(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.‎ ‎1．officially　句意：这个头衔会在伦敦的典礼上正式地被授予我。修饰动词应用副词形式。‎ ‎2．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of ________(great)and less importance.‎ ‎2．greater　句意：如果你因为工作责任而感到有压力的话，那么你应该暂缓一下，识别哪些事情更重要，哪些不太重要。由and连接两个并列成分可知，great应与less并列，故用比较级greater。‎ ‎3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，47)Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________(regular)．‎ ‎4．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，66)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.‎ ‎4．gradually　句意：小块的食物用树枝更容易吃到，这样树枝就逐渐演变成了筷子。所填词修饰动词，所以用副词形式。‎ ‎5．(2016·四川，62)Chinese scientists ________(recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.‎ ‎5．recently　句意：最近，中国的科学家有机会研究一只带着新出生的熊猫宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。在句中作状语应用副词形式。‎ ‎6．(2016·四川，63)She was a very ________(care)mother.‎ ‎6．caring/careful　句意：她是一位非常体贴的/细心的妈妈。修饰名词应用形容词形式。caring“体贴的，关心他人的”和careful“细心的”均符合语境。‎ ‎7．(2016·浙江，6)That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.In short，he's ________(rely)．‎ ‎7．reliable　句意：那个年轻人很诚实，有合作精神，当你需要他的帮助的时候，他总会在那里。简而言之，他可以信赖。be 动词后面要接形容词作表语。‎ ‎8．(2016·浙江，18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend ________(many)in the coming years.‎ ‎8．more　句意：我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动，并且希望未来的几年里参加更多的活动。此处暗含比较意义，故用比较级形式。‎ ‎1.(2015·江苏，31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ‎ ‎(comprehension)review of the case.‎ 解析　句意：警方决定对该案件进行彻底和全面的审查。作名词review的定语要用其形容词形式。comprehensive 综合的，广泛的。‎ 答案　comprehensive ‎2.(2015·浙江，14)Listening is thus an active, not a (passively), behavior ‎ consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.‎ 答案　passive ‎3.(2015·湖北，27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to ‎ hurry a little if he wants to be (punctually).‎ 解析　句意：尽管会议大厅距他的公寓很近，想准时赶到，他必须快一点。作系动词be的表语要用形容词形式。punctual准时的。‎ 答案　punctual ‎4.(2015·湖北，28)I don't think what he said is (relevance)to the topic we are ‎ discussing.He has missed the point.‎ 解析　句意：我认为他说的与我们正在讨论的主题无关。他跑题了。作系动词is的表语要用形容词形式。relevant有关的；贴切的。‎ 答案　relevant ‎5.(2015·四川，7)Andy is content with the toy.It is the (good)he has ever got.‎ 解析　考查最高级和比较级。句意：Andy对这个玩具很满意，这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。根据句意应用最高级。‎ 答案　best ‎6.(2015·四川，9)Little Tom sat (amaze)watching the monkey dancing in front of him.‎ 解析　考查形容词作状语。句意：小Tom坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面前跳舞，很吃惊。本句考查形容词作伴随状语， amazed感到吃惊的，常修饰人；amazing令人吃惊的，常修饰物。‎ 答案　amazed ‎7.(2015·安徽，26)I'm so (gratitude)to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.‎ 解析　句意：我非常感激所有的志愿者，因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成了愉快的一天。be动词后跟形容词，be grateful to sb感激某人。‎ 答案　grateful ‎8.(2015·福建，23)It was (consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay in ‎ case we got worried.‎ 解析　句意：为了避免我们担心，米切尔告知我们他耽搁了，他想得很周到。be动词后用形容词，considerate体贴的；考虑周到的。‎ 答案　considerate ‎9.(2015·浙江，13)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was (former)alive.‎ 答案　formerly ‎10.(2015·湖北，29)The girl used to be shy, but is (gradual)getting active in ‎ group work and is more willing to express herself.‎ 解析　句意：女孩一度很害羞，但是逐渐地她在分组工作表现得积极主动，变得更愿意表达自己了。在句中作状语修饰动词短语get active要用副词形式。gradually逐渐地，逐步地。‎ 答案　gradually ‎11.(2015·安徽，31)They gave money to the old people's home either (personal)or through their companies.‎ 解析　句意：他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是从个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。修饰动词的应为personally。‎ 答案　personally ‎12.(2014·福建，24)With online shopping increasingly popular，the Internet is seen as ‎ a(n) (efficiency) way of reaching target customers.‎ 解析　句意：随着网上购物的快速流行，网络被看作是获得目标消费者的最有效的方法。efficient“有效的”，修饰名词way。‎ 答案　efficient