2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句课件(共50张PPT)

2019届二轮复习语法专题状语从句课件(共50张PPT)

2019 届二轮复习语法专题 10-3 Adverbial Clauses Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1 before unless 2 3 4 where Although/Though/While 状语从句 考点题例一 1. There is one more day to go ______________ your favorite music group play live. 2. It was the middle of the night _____________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 3. It’s much easier to make friends ______________ you have similar interests. before when when 考点梳理 考点一 时间状语从句中的从属连词 before by the time after till/until when/while/as whenever each/every /next/ the last time the moment once directly as soon as instantly hardly… when immediately no sooner…than scarcely…when ( 一 …… 就 ……) 1. ____________________ I was waiting at the bus shop, I noticed a police car in front of the store. 2. ___________ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. 3. _____ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. When/While/ As When As 1. 从属连词 when, while, as 引导词 when 释义 when 既可以表示在某 一时间点 发生的事，又可以表示在 某一时间段 发生的事；可用于主句动作和从句动作 同时发生 , 也可用于从句动作 先于主句动作 发生。 例句 When the weather is fine , many people go out for a walk. 引导词 while 释义 while 引导的的时间状语从句必须是 持续性 的 , 侧重主句动作和从句动作 相对比 。 例句 Do not make any noise while I am recording . 引导词 as 释义 as 主要指 一段时间 ，但有时也指 一点时间 ，常用于口语； as 表示从句动作与主句动作 同时发生 ，具有 延续含义 ，常与延续性动词连用，译为“ 一边 …… 一边 ……” 或“随着” ，但有时也可指从句动作 先于主句动作 。 例句 As she walked along the street , she sang happily. 2. 从属连词 as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, the instant 和 once ( 一 ...... 就 ......) (1) The moment I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. (2) The girl burst into tears immediately she saw her mother. 注意： no sooner... than...; hardly/scarcely...when... 也可表示 “ 一 ...... 就 ......”, 这一结构的时态搭配为： no sooner 与 hardly/scarcely 所在的 主句 的谓语动词应用 过去完成时 ，而 than 与 when 引导的 从句 的谓语动词应用 一般过去时 。 (1) I had hardly got home when it began to rain. (2) We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left. (1 ) I had hardly got home when it began to rain. (2) We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left . No sooner had he finished his speech _________the students started cheering. ________had I got home when the telephone rang. 解析： 当把 no sooner 和 hardly/scarcely 提到 句首 时，其所在的主句用 部分倒装语序 , 同时注意主从句的时态 : 主句用 过去完成时 ， 从句用 一般过去时 。 难点解析 no sooner... than...; hardly...when... 的倒装 than Hardly No sooner had he finished his speech _________ the students started cheering. ________ had I got home when the telephone rang . Hardly than 3. 从属连词 till, until 和 not... until ： ① 在 肯定句 中， 主句 的谓语动词必须是 延续性动词 ，主句，从句都为肯定式，意为“ 某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止 ”。 till 不可以置于句首，而 until 可以。 (1) He remained there until/till she arrived. (2) You must stay here until/till the rain stops. (3) Until he went to college, he never had thought of his speech. 3. 从属连词 till, until 和 not... until ： ② 在 否定句 中， 主句 的谓语动词必须 是 非延续性动词 ，从句为肯定句，意为：“ 某动作直到某时间才开始 ”。 (1) He wo n’t go to bed till/until she returns. (2) I did n’t study English till/until 9 o’clock last night. 难点解析 not until … 句型的强调和倒装 I didn’t have any idea of it until you told me. ① It was not until you told me _______ I had any idea of it. ② Not until you told me ________I have any idea of it. 解析： ① 为强调句型： It is/was + not until 引导的状语从句 +that+ 其余部分 。 ② 为 倒装句型： Not until 引导的状语从句放 在句首， 主句 要 部分倒装 ，这里助动词提前，体现时态用 did, 谓语动词还原原形have 。 that did 同义句转换 4. 从属连词 before 和 since ① 若表达“ 还未 ...... 就 ......; 不到 ...... 就 ......; ...... 才 ......; 还没来得及 ...... 就 ”时，需用连词 before 。 before 从句中谓语 不用否定式 。 “ It will be/is/was + 一段时间 + before...” 常翻译成： ...... 才； ...... 就。 (1) We had sailed three days and three nights before we saw land. (2) We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. (3) It was 4 years before I came back. 4. 从属连词 before 和 since ② since 从句的谓语动词一般是 非延续动词 ，主句的谓语动词表示 延续性的或者是反复发生的动作 。 since 从句的时态若是 一般过去时 ，主句的时态常是 现在完成进行时 。 (1) I have written home five times since I came here. (2) He has been working in this factory since he left school. 难点解析 It is+ 一段时间 + since 从句”句型 试翻译： It is three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来已有三年了。 It is three years since I smoked. 我不吸烟已有三年了 。 解析： since 引导的从句的谓语动词若是 延续性动词 ，常理解为某一状态的 终止 ；若是 终止性动词 ，则理解为某一动作的 开始 。 终止性动词 延续性动词 试翻译： It is three years since the war broke out . 自战争爆发以来已有三年了。 It is three years since I smoked . 我不吸烟已有三年了 。 试翻译： It is three years since the war broke out . 自战争爆发以来已有三年了。 It is three years since I smoked . 我 不吸烟 已有三年了 。 5. Every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句， 表示 “ 每当 ......; 每次 ......; 下次 ......” 等 。 (1) Every/each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me. (2) Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. 考点题例二 1. A number of high buildings have arisen ______________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. (2012 山东 , 32) 2. _____________ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (2015 安徽 , 34) 3. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______________ you are and wait for help. (2012 四川 , 10) where Where where 考点梳理 地点状语从句中的从属连词 where, wherever ： 引导词 例句 where You should have put the book where you found it. wherever Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 注：表示 抽象条件的含义 时， 从句需放在 主句之前 。 where 引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and it rains often. Bamboo grows best where it is warm and it rains often. 地点状语从句 定语从句 难点解析 解析： where 引导 定语从句 时，在从句中 作地点状语 ， 修饰前面 表示地点的 先行词 。 where 引导 状语从句 时 ，对 主句谓语动词 进行说明。 考点题例三 1. _____________ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. (2015 北京 ,32) 2. She says that she’ll have to close the shop _____________ business improves. (2013 江西 , 28) 3. I believe you will have a wonderful time here ______________ you get to know everyone else. (2015 陕西 , 20) Once/If once/if unless 考点梳理 条件状语从句中的从属连词 例句 if If you have any questions or comments, you can voice them now. unless (if…not) Unless you visit him tomorrow, he will be angry. in case Take a coat in case the weather turns cold. as long as I am sure we are safe as long as in his care. provided (that)/ supposing (that) We shall sign the contract provided that there is no opposition. as long as 引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。 (1) Choose whichever and take home as long as you like. (2) As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. (3) You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock. 考点题例四 1. I really enjoy listening to music _______________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. (2016 北京 , 33) 2. There are several reasons for sleep. We sleep __________we need to dream. (2016 安徽安庆重点中学模拟， 64) since/as/because because 考点梳理 原因状语从句中的从属连词 because, as, since, now that … 引导词 例句 because He is disappointed because he failed again. since Since no one is against it, we’ll pass it. as As it is snowing, you’d better take a taxi. now that /seeing that /considering that Now that you are well, you can work. Seeing that he’s been off sick all week, he is unlikely to come today. because, as, since/now that 1. Mark needs to learn Chinese ______________ his company is opening a branch in Beijing. (2012 福建 , 30) 2. — Coach, can I continue with the training? — Sorry, you can’t ______________ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury. (2012 重庆 , 30) 难点解析 解析： because 表示 直接因果关系 ，语气 强 ， 可以回答 why 的问题，可以 被强调 ; as, since/now that 表示双方 都知道的原因 ，语气 弱 ， 不能回答 why 的问题， 不能被强调 。 since/as/because as/because 考点题例五 1. I took my driving license with me on holiday, ______________ I wanted to hire a car. 2. She finally ran away __________________ her parents would scold her. in case for fear that 考点梳理 目的状语从句中的从属连词 in order that, so that( 目的是 ), in case( 以防、万一出现某种情况 ), for fear that( 害怕、担心某事会发生 ) 1. He always studies hard so that he may make great progress. 2. She raised her voice in order that she might be heard. 考点题例六 As we can see, developing a good habit is so important ________ I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit— keep a learning diary every day. that 考点梳理 结果状语从句中的从属连词 so that, so...that..., such...that... 。 1. He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 2. It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 考点题例七 My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _____________________________he’s in his nineties. 2. ______________________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. 3. ____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student even though/even if/ although While/Although/Though 考点梳理 让步状语从句中的从属连词 although/though ( 尽管 , 虽然 ), even if/even through ( 即使 , 尽管 ); 特殊疑问词 + -ever 与 no matter+ 特殊疑问词 ( 不管 ……; 无论 ……); when/while/although; as/though 引导让步状语从句，从属连词 whoever, whatever, however… 和 no matter + wh- 词 可换用。 (1) No matter when (= Whenever) I was in trouble, he was always there to help me. (2) No matter what (= Whatever) I do, I do it for you. (3) No matter who you are (= Whoever you are) , you must obey the rules. as /though 引导的让步状语从句的倒装 Heavy __________ the body is, still it will float in water. Fail __________ he did, he would never give up. Little child ______ he is, he knows a lot. 难点解析 解析： as 引导的让步状语从句 必须倒装 ，其结构为 adj./adv./n. (n. 前不加冠词 ) + as+ S.+V. 或 V.+ as+ S.+ 助 ( 或情态 ) 动词 , though 可与 as 互换 表强调。 as/though as/though as 考点题例八 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______the present one. A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times as 考点梳理 比较状语从句中的从属连词 这种状语从句常省略其与主句相同的部分 1. Silver conducts electricity better than other metals. 2. I can write faster than you speak. 3. He emerged as suddenly as he had disappeared. 4. The higher the temperature of a body (is), the quicker the motion of its molecules (is). no more (less) than/not more (less) than 试翻译： 1. She is no more diligent than her sisters. 她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 2. She is not more diligent than her sisters. 她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 难点解析 解析： no more than 与 …… 一样都不，仅仅 ； no less than 与 …… 一样都 ； not more than 不多于 ； not less than 不少于 常用倍数表达法 试翻译： The room is three times as large as that one. 这间屋子是那间屋子的 3 倍大。 2. The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. 我爷爷的年龄是我的 4 倍。 3. This hole is five times deeper than that one. 这个洞比那个洞深 5 倍。 难点解析 解析 : ①A+ 系动词 /be+ 倍数 (once/twice/three)+ times+ as+ adj./adv. 原级 + as + B ②A+ 系动词 /be+ 倍数 (once/twice/three)+ times+ size/height/depth/length/width+ of +B ③A+ 系动词 /be+ 倍数 (once/twice/three)+ times+ adj/adv-er+ than+ B ( 上述 A 与 B 均为同级比较 ) 考点题例九 Leave the table ____ it is. 2. Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him __________ he had done something very clever. as as if 考点梳理 方式状语从句 可以说明 主句动作完成的方式，能回答 how 的提问，常置于主句后。 连接词 例句 as （依照 …… ） He must do as the doctor advises. as if/as though( 好像 ) I love you as if you were my daughter. 1. as 表示 为“如 …… ” 、 “正如 …… ” 、“按照 …… ” 。 as 引导的方式状语从句，如果从句主语与主句主语一致，从句谓语为 be 动词，可省略从句主语与 be 动词；如果从句主语是名词而不是代词，可倒装。 You ought to write as he does. (2) I found the place as (I was) told. (3) I passed the examination, as do most of my classmates. 2. as if/as though 引导的的从句 可用陈述语气 ，表示 ( 可能 ) 符合事实的情况， 也可以用虚拟语气 ，表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况。两个连词意义相同“好像 ” 、“仿佛”。 (1) It looks as if/though it’s going to rain. (2) I feel as if I have a fever. (3) She talks about him as if/though she had known him for a long time. 1. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years _____  I enjoyed myself so much. A. when         B. that       C. before       D. since 2. You must keep on working in the evening, ______ you are sure you can finish the task in time. A. as         B. if          C. when       D. unless 3. You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ______ you have to wait. A. even if    B. as if   C. in case   D. in order that 4. It was some time ______ we realized the truth. A. when B. until C. since D. before (1) Multiple choice. 1. _________________________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know. 2. It won’t be long ______ he finishes his work. 3. No sooner had the fans seen the movie star __________ they cried. 4. The fans had ___________ seen the movie star when they cried. While/Although/Though hardly than before (2) Fill in the blanks. (3) Correct the sentences. 1. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. 2. It didn’t matter that I would win or not. 3. I was so nervous as I shook like a leaf. 4. Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to hospital since they are ill. 5. As soon I see a really tall building, I want to climb it. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________ 去掉 but whether that if/when/ whenever as A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up when the bed struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, but the man was miraculously unhurt. Where he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. Before he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again. until 1. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 去掉 but When After (4) Correct the passage. Thank you.