广西来宾市 2017 高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解专练（79）

广西来宾市 2017 高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解专练（79）

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 广西来宾市 2017 高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解专练（79） 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013·南昌市二模，C) “Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，”said researchers from the National University of Singapore. 45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures. “We do not yet know the mechanisms involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify.” The change was big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem. Warmblooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This is not the first time this has happened in Earth's history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a long time than the current climate change. The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future. 文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要报道了一项新发现，研究人员发现了气候变暖会导致 地球上许多生物个体变小的现象。 1．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Why do some species become smaller? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B．How does temperature change in Earth's history? C．Climate change has many negative effects D．Species become smaller as climate warms 答案：D 标题概括题。通读全文及第二段首句“45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past.”可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖会导致 许多生物个体变小的现象，故 D 项正确。 2．The underlined word “trumped” in the first paragraph can be replaced by ________. A．been neglected by B．had strong influences than C．been weakened by D．been less than 答案：B 词义猜测题。根据本句中的 but 可知，画线词与其前面的内容“大气中二氧化碳的 增加会使植物个体变大”是转折关系，并根据下文中气温、湿度、可利用的营养等条件对生物 的影响可知，这些条件的改变似乎比二氧化碳浓度增加更有影响力。故 B 项正确。 3．Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that ________. A．how climate change effects animals' size has not been found clearly B．all the animals on the earth have become smaller C．too many studies on animals' size have been done D．people can avoid the negative effects of climate change 答案：A 细节理解题。文章第三段研究人员提到“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved”，其中 the mechanisms 指的是气候变暖影响了生物个体大小的机制，故 A 项正确。 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Climate change has even affected plankton negatively. B．Birds have suffered more from climate change than fish. C．Ants, bees and spiders have been shrinking by 50% to 70% in the past decade. D．A warming event causing species to become smaller has never happened before. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.”可 知，气候变化已经对浮游生物产生了有害影响。故 A 项正确。 5．What's the author's attitude toward climate change in the passage? A．Concerned. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Confident. 答案：A 观点态度题。根据文章最后一句“So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.”可知，作者对气候变暖对生物的影响有些担 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 忧。故 A 项 Concerned(关心的)符合语境。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁 题材 词数 难度 建议用时 应用文 阅读书籍 286 ★★ 6 分钟 Are you looking for a summer reading list for your child or teen？Keep your child reading all summer with this selection of 2012 summer reading lists. Books for primary school students Kenneth Cadow：Alfie Runs Away When his mother wants to give away his favorite shoes just because they're too small，Alfie decides he's had enough. Kate Feiffer：My Side of the Car It might be raining on Dad's side of the car，but imaginative Sadie argues that it is not raining on her side，so their trip to the zoo doesn't need to be put off. Books for junior school students Flinn：Beastly A modern retelling of “Beauty and the Beast” from the point of view of the Beast，a proud Manhattan private school student who is turned into a monster and must find true love before he can return. Lord：A Night to Remember A description of the sinking of the “Titanic”．A reputedly unsinkable ship that went down in the Atlantic on April 10，1912 after hitting an iceberg，resulting in the deaths of over 1，500 people. Books for senior school students Mark Twain：Huckleberry Finn It's Mark Twain's classic story about a young man and his slave Jim.They travel upriver to escape slavery and in the process Huck discovers what it means to be a man.It teaches us about the value of friendship and sacrifice. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 Charles Dickens：Great Expectations It is about a young man named Pip who inherits (继承) a great deal of wealth from an unknown source.The money quickly moves him up the scale in London.However， at the same time，it also teaches him about the dangers of ambition. 【解题导语】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要给家长介绍供学生们夏季阅读的三类书籍。 1．Who will probably be interested in this passage? A．Parents. B．Students. C．Writers. D．Teachers. 答案 A [细节题。从第 1 段可知，这篇文章针对的是家长，因此父母会对此感兴趣。] 2．These lists of recommended books are generally organized by ________． A．book names B．grade levels C．their popularity D．writers' names 答案 B [细节题。从推荐的三类书可知，这些书是根据学生的阶段水平来分类的。] 3．Which of the following books is about a terrible disaster? A．My Side of the Car. B．Huckleberry Finn. C．Great Expectations. D．A Night to Remember. 答案 D [细节题。第 2 类中第 2 本书讲述了泰坦尼克号的沉没事故。因此 D 项正确。] 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 On Friday June 21st，2013，the folks at the annual Sonoma County Fair in California celebrated the 25th anniversary of a rather unusual contest—one that crowns the “World's Ugliest Dog”！ And while in most settings a title like this would be considered insulting (无礼的) here，it is liked by both the dog owners who come from all over the world and the visitors that come to cheer the contestants. To mark this special anniversary，this year's fair that was themed “Dog Days of Summer” featured among other things，including an exhibit featuring the contestants and winners from the last 25 years. As for the winner? Unlike last year，when he had flown in all the way from London， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 England，this year's title winner was Chico，California resident Walle，who beat out 29 other equally “ugly contestants”. The refreshing part was that Walle， who happened to be a last minute entrant(参赛者)，is not a nearly hairless，Chinese Crested Chihuahua or a mix of both breeds，which have been dominating the contest for many years now. Instead，he is a mutt mix—part beagle，part basset and part boxer. The four－year－old impressed the judges with his giant head and humped back. As one of them put it，he looked as though he had been photoshopped with pieces from various dogs and maybe a few other animals. It exactly represents the kind of natural “ugliness” they were looking for! Along with the title，the first time entrant received a cash prize of $1，500 as well as scheduled appearances on NBC's weekend Today on Sunday，the Today Show on Monday and the Jimmy Kimmel Show on Wednesday. Though the competition may seem unbelievable to some people，it is held just for fun and organized by an animal psychiatrist who not only vets the dogs before they enter the competition to ensure they are healthy，but also has a “pet” talk with them to ensure they are also happy. It is also important to remember all the contestants come from homes where they are loved because of their rather unusual looks. After all，beauty is in the eye of the beholder! 【解题导语】 在 2013 年 6 月 21 日举行的世界上最丑的狗的比赛上，一条三个品种的 杂交狗赢得了“世界上最丑的狗”这个头衔。 1．What makes this year's winner of the contest special? A．That it is a nearly hairless dog. B．That it is a mix of both breeds. C．That it is a mix of several breeds. D．That has constantly won the contest. 答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段的 Instead，he is a mutt mix—part beagle， part basset and part boxer.可知这条狗的特别之处在于是三个品种的杂交狗。] 2．Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that the dog ____________． A．is very popular with dog lovers 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 B．was produced mainly for the contest C．wasn't thought to be ugly by all the judges D．really deserves the title of the “World's Ugliest Dog” 答案 D [推理判断题。根据第四段的 he looked as though...natural “ugliness” they were looking for! 可知这条狗真够格拥有“世界上最丑的狗”这个头衔。] 3．What will the dog do after winning the contest? A．It will go to some TV shows. B．It will appear in some movies. C．It will receive a prize of $15，000. D．It will take part in some other contests. 答案 A [细节理解题。根据第五段的 as well as scheduled...on Wednesday 可知这 条狗赢得比赛后会去参加几个电视节目。] 41．What's the purpose of holding the contest? A．To attract more attention to dogs. B．To tell people how to choose dogs. C．To insult the ugliest dogs in the world. D．To make dog owners and people have fun. 答案 D [细节理解题。根据末段的 it is held just for fun 可知这个比赛纯粹是为 了好玩，故选 D。] 2016 高考模拟题。阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 Beijing, April 2----Starting from this year, the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. With this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. They will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. If people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. If community 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. Liang Wan, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, made the statement last Friday . In addition ,the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes, cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . The home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. They will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency . The work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in Beijing. The disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in Beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . These workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. It is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in Beijing . 1. Where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ? A. The community clinics. B. Large hospital . C. Private clinic . D. Small hospital . 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. B. The home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid. C. Some funds will be provided by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau for home medical service training. D. The government aims to offer the home medical service for free. 3. If you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _____________. A. receive the training about medical service. B. pass related 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 examinations. C. obtain the work certificates. D. All the above. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. All communities in Beijing have started home medical service. B. People in Beijing will not easily get ill. C. Medical service in Beijing will be promoted greatly in the future. D. The other cities in China should learn from Beijing. 参考答案 1—4ADDC 2016 高考英语****阅读理解。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。 After a terrible electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, the whole world became completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live. One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the tree. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a plough and a wall. When Mrs. Edwards came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years. The news of Robert regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread, and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of a 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock. 1.The reason for Robert’s attempts to kill himself was that _________. A. a terrible traffic accident happened to him B. he had to live in a dark and silent world C. he was struck by the lightning once more D. nobody in the world cared about him 2.What was Robert doing when he was struck by the lightning? A. Sheltering from the rain under a tree. B. Driving a car. C. Taking a walk with a stick. D. Lying on the ground. 3.We can infer from the text that ________. A. there was no accurate explanation for Robert’s recovery B. many doctors came because Robert was badly injured C. Robert’s wife sent for doctors immediately after the shock D. a sudden injury in the head led to Robert’s recovery 4.What’s the best title of the whole passage? A. A Terrible Electrical Accident B. Robert Edwards and His Wife C. What a Sudden Shock D. An Unforgettable Experience 参考答案 1—4 BAAC