2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：Unit 24　Society

2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：Unit 24　Society

www.ks5u.com Unit 24　Society ‎1．ancestor n. 祖先　2.nation n. 国家；民族 ‎3．origin n. 起源；起因 4.defend v. 保护；保卫 ‎5．announce v. 宣告；宣布 6.previous adj. 早先的 ‎7．ancient adj. 古代的 8.population n. 人口 ‎9．symbol n. 象征 10.history n. 历史 ‎11．geography n. 地理 12.capital n. 首都；省会 ‎13．convenient adj. 方便的 14.urban adj. 城市的 ‎15．position n. 位置 16.atmosphere n. 氛围；大气层 ‎17．surround v. 包围 18.cover v. 覆盖 ‎19．remote adj. 偏僻的；偏远的 ‎20．locate v. 找出……位置；安置在……‎ ‎21．adapt v. 使适应 22.changeable adj. 多变的 ‎1．diverse culture　多元文化 ‎2．cultural conflict　文化冲突 ‎3．cultural shock　文化冲突 ‎4．mix sth. with sth.　将……与……混合 ‎5．make it a rule to do sth.　做某事成为规定 ‎6．on special occasions　在特殊的场合 ‎7．originate from　起源于……‎ ‎8．pass down from generation to generation　一代一代传下来 ‎9．refer to　涉及 ‎10．the majority of　大多数 ‎1．I'm delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term.‎ 得知你下学期将作为交换生到我校学习，我非常高兴。‎ ‎2．I've been longing to go to America, mainly for two reasons. One is that I can experience American culture, which is believed to be the most diverse in the world. The other is that I can broaden my horizons in this developed country.‎ 我一直盼望着去美国，主要有两个原因。其一是我能够体验美国文化，它被认为是世界上最多元化的。其二是我能够在这个发达国家开阔视野。‎ ‎3．What impresses me most is the diverse American culture.‎ 给我印象最深的是美国的多元文化。‎ ‎1．He will go to Shanghai next year in_the_hope_of getting a wellpaid job there.‎ 明年他要去上海，他希望在那儿找到一份薪资高的工作。‎ ‎2．I will make a 10day tour of America after my graduation from senior high school this summer, which will be a_good_chance_for_me_to_experience_American_culture and practise my oral English.‎ 今年夏天高中毕业后，我将去美国进行为期10天的观光旅游，这将是一次体验美国文化、练习英语口语的好机会。‎ ‎3．Mastering_English means we can see the world through a new window.‎ 掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新的窗口看世界。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 教材单词 写准并记牢 高考与教材 Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．resign vt.‎& vi. 辞职　 　 　　　　2.delete vt. 删除 ‎3．bare adj. 赤裸的 4.cast vt. 投下 ‎5．undertake vt. 着手做，从事 6.virtue n. 优点，长处 ‎7．fine n. 罚款 8.sentence n. 判决 ‎9．accumulate v. 积累 10.deposit vt.‎& vi. 存储，储蓄 ‎11．abolish vt. 废除 12.abundant adj. 大量的 ‎13．burden n. 重担，负担 ‎ ‎1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering (voluntary) is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences (consequent)．‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)“I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges, the owner (own) of a dance studio in Iowa.‎ ‎4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)They arrive at the class in low spirits (spirit) and they leave with a smile.‎ ‎ 14.poster n. 海报 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1．equal adj. 平等的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等→inequality n. 不平等 ‎2．voluntary adj. 自愿的→volunteer n. 志愿者 ‎3．govern vt. 统治；管理→governor n. 统治者，总督→government n. 政府 ‎4．own vt. 所有；拥有→owner n. 物主；所有者→ownership n. 所有权 ‎5．elect v. 选举，推选→election n. 选举，推选 ‎6．mercy n. 宽大，仁慈→merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的→merciless adj. 冷酷无情的，残忍的 ‎7．consequent adj. 作为结果的→consequently adv. 所以，因此→consequence n. 结果 ‎8．spirit n. 精神→spiritual adj. 宗教的，教会的；精神的 ‎9．diverse adj. 各种各样的→diversity n. 多样性 ‎10．contain vt. 包含，包括→container n. 容器 ‎11．thirst n. 口渴→thirsty ‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏卷)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless (home) due to their wrong investment.‎ ‎6．(2017·北京卷)Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption (豁免), sometimes just by signing (sign) a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.‎ ‎7．(2017·天津卷)The idea that the government (govern) would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.‎ adj. 口渴的 ‎12．homeless adj. 无家可归的→homelessness n. 无家可归 ‎13．sign v. 签名→signature n. 签名 ‎14．adjust v. 调整→adjustment n. 调整，调节 Ⅲ.阅读单词 ‎1．rag n．　　　破旧衣服　　　2.currency n．　　货币 ‎3．skip vt. 跳过 4.swing vi. 摇动 ‎5．shrink vi. 收缩，缩小 6.vacant adj. 未住人的，空置的 ‎7．feast n. 盛宴，宴会 8.sow vt.‎& vi. 播种 ‎9．weed n. 杂草，野草 10.squeeze vt. 挤 ‎11．prayer n. 祈祷，祷告 12.suck vt. 含在嘴里吮吸 ‎ 教材短语 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.show_off 炫耀，夸耀 ‎2．knock_into_sb. 撞上某人；偶然遇到 ‎3．break_into 闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)‎ ‎4．come_into_being ‎1.(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.‎ ‎2．(2018·天津卷)3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.‎ ‎ 形成，存在 ‎5．wind_sb._up 故意惹恼某人 ‎6．on_principle 根据原则 ‎7．sentence_sb._to_death 判某人死刑 ‎8．be_well/better_off 过得好/过得更好 ‎9．take...seriously 认真对待……‎ ‎10．above_all 最重要的是；首先 ‎11．do_away_with 废除；摆脱，消灭 ‎12．take...into account 考虑；注意；体谅 ‎13．keep_an_eye_on 注意，留意 ‎14．to_start_with 首先 ‎15．play an important role in... 在……中起重要作用 ‎16．contribute_to 促进，有助于；捐献；投稿 ‎17．spring_up 突然出现；开始存在 ‎18．be_angry_with_sb. 生某人的气 ‎19．be_trapped_in 陷入……‎ ‎20．date_back_to 追溯到 ‎3．(2018·北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.‎ ‎4．(2018·浙江卷)In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.‎ ‎5．(2017·江苏卷)Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all longtime alcoholism have much to do with it.‎ ‎6．(2017·天津卷)I got so angry with him for laying down the law.‎ ‎ 教材句式 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.not...but...不是……而是……连接并列句 Not increased happiness, but_stress_and_less_free_time_to_be_ourselves_and_enjoy_being_with_our_friends_and_families.‎ 不是增加了幸福感而是压力和更少的独处及与朋友和家人相聚的空闲时间。‎ ‎2．insist后接宾语从句用虚拟语气 Protest groups are insisting_that some of our money be given to the third world.‎ 抗议团体坚持要求我们的一些钱应该给第三世界。‎ ‎3．It's high time that...句型，从句用虚拟语气 As a society, it's_high_time_that_we_took_these_issues_more_seriously.‎ 作为整个社会来讲，到了我们应该更加认真地考虑这些问题的时候了。‎ ‎4．would rather后接从句，用虚拟语气 I_would_rather_you_didn't_mention_that.‎ ‎1.(2018·天津卷)What_if_they_talked_a_long_time_about (如果他们长时间谈论) a painting you weren't that interested in?‎ ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)What_I_saw (我看到的) was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.‎ ‎3．(2017·浙江卷)Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make_it_more_difficult_for_natives_to_keep_jobs (使得本国人很难保住工作), such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration (融合).‎ 我宁可你不提那件事。‎ ‎5．make＋宾语＋宾补 They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs, which made_it_easier to keep an eye on people's movements.‎ 然后他们就可以在各个胡同路口设置哨兵，这样更便于监视人们的举动。‎ ‎6．what引导主语从句；that引导同位语从句 What is even more unbelievable is the fact that some murderers are let out of prison after three or four years.‎ 更令人难以置信的是一些凶手三、四年后被从监狱里释放出来这一事实。‎ ‎7．What if...? 要是……会怎么样？‎ What_if some married people have affairs?‎ 如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢？‎ ‎1．由shrink想到的动词 ‎①extend 延伸；伸出 ‎②increase 增加 ‎③enlarge 扩大；放大 ‎④expand 扩大；膨胀 ‎⑤decrease 减少 ‎⑥reduce 减少 ‎2．“此外”过渡词集锦 ‎①moreover 再者；此外 ‎②furthermore 此外；而且 ‎③besides 此外；而且 ‎④in addition 此外 ‎⑤what's more 更重要的是；此外 ‎3．virtue 的相关名词 ‎①optimism 乐观 ‎②faith 忠诚 ‎③modesty 谦虚 ‎④bravery 勇敢，勇气 ‎⑤justice 正义 ‎⑥generosity 慷慨 ‎4．后缀less：具有否定(不，无)的意思，一般加在名词后，构成形容词 ‎①homeless 无家可归的 ‎②merciless 残忍的 ‎③thoughtless 无思想的 ‎④careless 粗心的 ‎⑤worthless 无价值的 ‎⑥fearless 不害怕的 ‎⑦hopeless 绝望的 ‎⑧limitless 无界限的 ‎5．系表结构：be＋过去分词＋in ‎①be trapped in 被困住 ‎②be buried in 埋头于；专心于 ‎③be lost in thought 陷入沉思 ‎④be dressed in 穿着 ‎⑤be located in 坐落于 ‎⑥be engaged in 忙于某事 ‎⑦be interested in 对……感兴趣 ‎⑧be involved in 卷入，涉及 ‎6．do短语集汇 ‎①do away with 废除；消除 ‎②do with 处理；对付 ‎③do sb. a favor 帮助某人 ‎④do one's best 尽力 ‎⑤do one's duty 尽职责 ‎⑥do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮 ‎7．“on＋n.”短语大全 ‎①on principle 根据原则 ‎②on show 在展出 ‎③on business 出差 ‎④on holiday 正在度假 ‎⑤on strike 正在罢工 ‎8．聚焦“eye”短语 ‎①keep an eye on 注意，留意 ‎②have a good eye for 对……有鉴赏眼光 ‎③look sb. in the eye 直视(正视)某人 ‎④catch one's eye 引起某人的注意 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．burden n．重担，负担；v.使担负 Instead, they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money we earn to pay for them.‎ 相反，它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分钱拿出来还款。‎ ‎(1)a burden on/to... 是……的负担 bear/take on/carry/reduce/share the burden 承受/承担/担负/减少/分担重担 ‎(2)burden sb./onself with sth.装载……；使……负担……‎ be burdened with... 负重；为……所累 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I don't want to become a burden on/to my children when I'm old.‎ ‎②Some parents complain that their children are_burdened (burden) with heavy homework.‎ ‎③I don't want to burden you with my worries.‎ ‎(2)句式升级 He was burdened with endless paperwork, so he didn't have time to assist you.‎ ‎→Burdened_with_endless_paperwork,_he didn't have time to assist you.(过去分词作状语)‎ ‎2．come into being 形成，存在，出现，诞生 If laws such as these came into being, a huge adjustment would be required and there would certainly be diverse reactions.‎ 如果像这样的法律能够形成的话，社会将需要做巨大的调整，而人们的反应也一定会各有不同。‎ come into existence 开始存在，建立，产生 come into effect/force 生效 come into use 开始使用 come into power 掌权 come into sight/view 看见；进入视野 come into fashion 开始流行 名师指南：come into being是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，无进行时。‎ 完成句子 ‎①Researches show that Xing came_into_being around four to five thousand years ago.‎ 研究表明，“姓”出现于大约四千至五千年之前。‎ ‎②The new tax regulation will come_into_effect at the beginning of the new year.‎ 新税法将在来年年初开始生效。‎ ‎③A new type of microscope has come_into_use.‎ 一种新型显微镜已开始使用。‎ ‎④The newlyelected president will come_into_power next month.‎ 新当选的总统下月开始执政。‎ ‎3．adjustment n. 调整，调节 She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up. ‎ 婚姻破裂后，她经历了一段感情调整期。‎ ‎(1)make an adjustment 做出调整 ‎(2)adjust a watch 把手表调准 adjust to the new environment 适应新的环境 adjust (sth./oneself) to sth. 调整……以适应/适合……‎ ‎(3)adapt (oneself) to 使适应于……‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①After I called the phone company they made an adjustment (adjust) to my bill.‎ ‎②This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.Besides, it's not expensive at all.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Watch out for sharp bands and adjust_your_speed accordingly.‎ 当心急转弯并相应调整车速。‎ ‎4．diverse adj.各种各样的 Few countries have as rich a diversity of habitat as South Africa.‎ 几乎没有哪个国家像南非那样拥有如此丰富多样的动植物栖息地。‎ diversity n. 差异，多样性 各种各样的 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①His object is to gather as great a diversity (diverse) of material as possible.‎ ‎②English is a language shared by several diversities (diverse) of cultures, each of which uses it differently.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 学校开展了丰富多彩的活动来提高学生们的综合素质。‎ The University has conducted a_diversity_of/diversities_of activities to enhance the students' comprehensive qualities.‎ ‎5.resign vt.‎&vi.辞职；放弃(权力、工作、职位等) vt.使屈从 His boss insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.‎ 他的老板坚持让他加班，所以他辞职了。‎ resign one's job/post/position 辞去工作/职位 resign from... 从……辞职 resign oneself to (doing) sth.顺从……；使自己安于(做)某事 resign as... 辞去当……的职务 resign...to... 把……托付给……‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①He made it clear that he would not resign from his present position.‎ ‎②In no situation will we resign ourselves to the fate.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 In order to look after her sick mother, my friend decided to resign_her_position_as manager.‎ 为了照顾生病的母亲，我朋友决定辞去经理的职务。‎ ‎6.show off 炫耀，夸耀，卖弄 Nobody has any desire to show off and gold and silver have no value—unlike in our society.‎ 没有人有任何欲望去炫耀，而且金银没有价值——这与我们的社会不同。‎ ‎(1)show sb. around/in/out 领某人参观/进来/出去 show sb. the way to 给某人指路 show up出席，露面；暴露 ‎(2)(be) on show＝(be) on display 在展出 用show短语的适当形式填空 ‎①The consumers who buy luxury goods do so to show off or help to define their identity.‎ ‎②We were shown_around the Bird's Nest by an elderly guide.‎ ‎③What puzzles me is why they didn't show_up.‎ ‎7．elect vt.选举，推选 There is a leader in each area of the town and each town has an elected leader.‎ 这个城镇的每个地区都有一个领导人，而且每个城镇都有一个选出来的领导人。‎ ‎(1)elect sb. to... 选举某人进入……‎ elect sb. as/to be... 选举某人为……‎ sb. be elected sth.某人被选为……‎ elect to do sth.选择做某事 ‎(2)election n．选举；推举；当选 run for an election 参加竞选 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate.‎ ‎②Employees may elect to_take (take) their pension in monthly payments or as a single lump sum.‎ ‎③He was_elected (elect) chairman of the committee at the meeting.‎ ‎④In America, presidential elections (elect) are held every four years.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 They elected_Tom_as their representative to attend the conference.‎ 他们选举汤姆作为他们的代表出席这次会议。8.merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的 The merciful king saved the young officers from death.‎ 仁慈的国王把两个年轻的军官从死神手中救了出来。‎ ‎(1)be merciful to 对……仁慈/宽大 ‎(2)merciless adj.无慈悲心的；无情的；残忍的 ‎(3)mercy n．仁慈；怜悯；恩惠；宽恕 show mercy to/have mercy on 对……仁慈/怜悯 at the mercy of 任……摆布 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Views are different about whether we should show mercy to the woman hurt by a tiger in the park.‎ ‎②The kidnappers were merciless (mercy) and Getty's son made repeated requests for help from his father.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Above all, Tibetan antelopes are being murdered for their fur without_mercy by the hunters.‎ 最主要的是，盗猎者正为了获得羊皮而无情地杀害藏羚羊。‎ ‎9．knock into sb. 撞上某人 There is a car accident there at least once a week and today I nearly knocked into somebody crossing the road.‎ 那里每周至少有一起车祸发生，我今天差点儿撞上一个正在过马路的人。‎ knock down/over 撞倒；打倒；拆除 knock at/on 敲(门、窗、墙等)‎ knock out 使昏睡；击败对手；淘汰；使大吃一惊 knock off 减价；中断，停止；下班，收工 完成句子 ‎①If you knock_into someone by mistake，say “Excuse me” or “I'm sorry”．‎ 如果你误撞在某人身上，请说“对不起”或“抱歉”。‎ ‎②Someone is knocking_at the door. Go and see who it is.‎ 有人在敲门，去看看是谁。‎ ‎③If you knock_down the price by another 5 dollars, it's a deal.‎ 如果你再把价格降5美元，我就买了。‎ ‎10．cast vt. & vi. 投下 vt. 选派角色；使人生疑 Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijing's hutongs went down as the political situation cast a dark cloud on China's economy.‎ 到了清朝末年，中国的经济受到政治动荡的影响，北京胡同的状况也日渐衰落。‎ cast down 使沮丧(常用被动语态)，使灰心 cast sb. into prison把某人投入监狱 cast doubt on使怀疑，使不确信 cast sb. as...选派某人演……‎ 完成句子 ‎①The priceless treasures had been cast_into the Nile.‎ 价值连城的珍宝被扔进了尼罗河。‎ ‎②Don't be so cast_down. Just keep up your spirits.‎ 不要这么沮丧。打起精神来！‎ ‎③Memet should, in her opinion, be_cast_into_prison.‎ 她认为应该把梅梅特投入监狱。‎ ‎11．undertake vt.承担；从事；着手做；承诺 Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of the oldest hutongs.‎ 胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多老胡同进行了修缮和保护。‎ undertake＋n./pron. 承担……‎ undertake to do...着手做……，答应做……‎ undertake that... 答应……‎ undertake for... 为……负责 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①He undertook to_improve (improve) the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.‎ ‎②The project undertaken (undertake) by the young engineer turned out to be very successful.‎ ‎③We'll undertake for your security while you are visiting our country.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 She undertook_full_responsibility for the new changes.‎ 她为新变化承担全部责任。‎ ‎12．break into 闯入；突然开始(哭，唱等)‎ As the President's car drew up, the crowd broke into loud applause.‎ 当总统的车停下时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。‎ break away from 脱离；挣脱 break down 打破；坍塌；身体垮掉 break in 插嘴　　　　　　break into pieces 摔碎 break off 折断；突然停止(讲话)‎ break out 爆发(战争，火灾等)‎ break through 突围，冲破 break up 关系破裂；驱散；分解 用break短语的适当形式填空 ‎①Armed robbers broke_into a jeweller's through a hole in the wall on a rainy night.‎ ‎②Don't break_in ; they are discussing something important.‎ ‎③Could I use your computer for a while? Mine broke_down yesterday.‎ ‎13．sentence n. 刑罚；判决；句子 v. 判决 In the USA in the last 100 years,23 men have been wrongly sentenced to death and there are doubts about 400 other cases.‎ 在过去的100年里，美国有23人被错误地判处死刑，还有另外400个案例遭质疑。‎ ‎(1)serve a sentence 服刑 pass/give sentence on sb.给某人判刑 a death/life sentence 死刑/无期徒刑 ‎(2)sentence sb. to sth.给某人判……刑(常用被动语态)‎ be sentenced to death/three years in prison被判死刑/三年有期徒刑 完成句子 ‎①He was released from prison after serving_a_sentence_of five years.‎ 他在服刑五年后被从监狱中释放出来。‎ ‎②Sanchez was_sentenced_to three years in prison for his part in the crime.‎ 桑切兹因参与犯罪被判处三年徒刑。‎ ‎14.consequently adv.所以；因此 This causes a great damage to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health.‎ 这会对农业和食物链造成威胁，由此而危及人的健康。‎ ‎(1)consequence n．结果；重要性 as a consequence 结果 as a consequence of 由于……的结果 in consequence 因此，结果 in consequence of... 由于……；因为……的缘故 take/accept/bear/suffer the consequence of an action 承担某一行为的后果 ‎(2)consequently＝as a result 所以；因此 单句语法填空 ‎①She was a bright and eager student and，consequently (consequent)，did well in school.‎ ‎②As a consequence of smoking，my father coughs frequently.‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．abundant adj. 大量的；丰富的 ‎(1)be abundant in富有……；……很丰富 ‎(2)abundance n. 丰富　　an abundance of 丰富的，许多的 in abundance 大量；富裕 ‎①South Africa is a developing country which is abundant (abundance) in natural resources.‎ ‎②All kinds of flowers grow in abundance in the park and it looks more beautiful.‎ ‎③If you travel in the sea, you will see an abundance of marine creatures.‎ ‎2．be well off 富有 be better off 更富裕；生活更好　be badly off 贫穷的 be badly off for 缺乏 ‎①When John reached adulthood, he was better (well) off than his childhood playmates.‎ ‎②The school is rather badly off for equipment.‎ ‎③Unfortunately, his father died, leaving the family even worse (badly) off.‎ ‎3．vacant adj. 未占用的，空置的；(职位)空缺的；(目光、表情等)茫然的 ‎(1)a vacant seat 空位 a vacant position/post 职位空缺 a vacant expression/look 茫然的表情 ‎(2)vacancy n．空缺；空职 job vacancies 职位空缺 ‎①The number of vacant_posts has largely increased compared to the same period of last year.‎ 空缺的职位的数量与去年同期相比大幅增加。‎ ‎②I am writing to apply for it the moment I learned that there is a_vacant_position in your company.‎ 我一了解到贵公司有空缺职位，我就写信申请了。‎ ‎③I don't like her. She has a_vacant_expression.‎ 我不喜欢她。她面无表情。‎ ‎4．take...seriously 当真；认真地对待 take apart 拆开 take in 吸入；收留；欺骗；理解 take over 接管 take...for granted 认为……是理所当然的 ‎①I don't think you need to take it too seriously (serious)．‎ ‎②Don't take it for granted that you depend on parents for money.‎ ‎5．wind sb. up 故意惹恼某人(尤指开玩笑)‎ ‎(1)wind sth. up 结束；关闭(公司，企业等)，停止营业 wind sth. up＋adj./adv./prep./v.ing...(意外地)以……告终，落了个(……的下场)‎ wind up＝wind sth. up 结束(讲话，会议等)‎ wind one's way 蜿蜒曲折而行 ‎(2)wind 作“卷，绕，摇”等含义时，其读音为/waInd/。其过去式，过去分词为wound。‎ ‎①You're just trying to wind_me_up,_aren't you?‎ 你只是想故意惹恼我，是不是啊？‎ ‎②The river winds_its_way through two mountains.‎ 这条河蜿蜒流经两座山。‎ ‎6．keep an eye on 照看，密切注视 keep away (from) 使不接近，远离 keep back 阻止；抵制；扣下；隐瞒 keep out 使不入内 keep up 保持，继续，持续 keep up with 不落后，赶上 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 have an eye for 对……有鉴别能力 ‎①He asked his neighbor to keep_an_eye_on his house.‎ 他请邻居照看他的房子。‎ ‎②All the police dogs trained have_an_eye_for drugs.‎ 所有受过训练的警犬都有识别毒品的能力。‎ ‎③Will the fine weather keep_up?‎ 这种好天气能持续下去吗？‎ ‎④Food production is not keeping_up_with population.‎ 粮食生产没有跟上人口增长。‎ ‎7．date back to (＝date from) 追溯到……‎ ‎(1)out of date 过时 to date 迄今为止，到目前为止 up to date 最新式的，现代化的；最新的 ‎(2)make/fix a date for sth. 定下……的日期 make/have a date with sb. 同某人约会 名师指南：date back to和date from只能用于主动语态。当谈论现在的一件物品时，虽然该物品建造于过去某一时间，但这两个短语却需用一般现在时态。‎ ‎①The temple dating_back_to the Ming Dynasty remains standing.‎ 这座起始于明朝的庙仍矗立着。‎ ‎②Call me next week and we'll try and make_a_date.‎ 下周打电话给我，我们争取定个时间见面。‎ ‎③All our information is kept right up_to_date on the computer.‎ 我们贮存在计算机中的所有信息都是不断更新的。‎ ‎8．do away with 废除；取消；结束 ‎(1)do away with shortcomings 克服缺点 do away with a rule 废除一条规则 do without 没有……也行；没有……也能设法对付过去 do up 扣上(衣服)；包起来；梳妆；打扮 do with 对付；处理 ‎(2)get away with 逃避责罚；(做了坏事)不受惩罚 ‎①We must do_away_with all such shortcomings.‎ 所有这些缺点我们必须加以克服。‎ ‎②He was lucky to get_away_with only a fine.‎ 他很幸运，只被罚了款。‎ ‎③We haven't enough money to buy a new apartment, so we'll just have to do_without.‎ 我们没有足够的钱买一套新公寓，所以只好将就了。‎ ‎9．spring up 突然出现，开始存在 spring sth. on sb. 向(某人)突然说/要求(意料之外的事)‎ spring from 由……引起 A strong wind seemed to have sprung_up from nowhere.‎ 突然不知从哪儿刮来一阵强风。‎ 典型句式精析 ‎1．Protest groups are insisting that some of our money be given to the third world.‎ 抗议团体坚持要求我们的一些钱应该给第三世界。‎ 句中的insist that从句中用了虚拟语气。‎ ‎(1)当insist 表示“坚持说，坚持认为”的意思时，后接从句不用虚拟语气而用真实语；表示“坚持要求”的意思时，后接从句用虚拟语气。‎ ‎(2)insist on (doing) sth. 坚持(做)某事 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①She insists that we (should)_leave (leave) at 6：00 tomorrow morning, or we might miss the flight.‎ ‎②Little Tomy insisted that he had_seen (see) a man flying in the sky last night.‎ ‎③If you insist on doing something, do it every day.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 The expert insisted_he_(should)_get down to protecting his eyes.‎ 专家坚持要求他应该开始保护眼睛了。‎ ‎2．I would rather you didn't mention that.‎ 我宁愿你不要提那件事。‎ 本句中使用的是would rather后加从句的用法。‎ ‎(1)would rather后跟宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气；表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。‎ ‎(2)would rather＋动词原形，意为“宁可……，宁愿……”。‎ ‎(3)would rather do...than do...宁愿……也不愿……‎ ‎(4)rather than 宁可……也不……；而不是；与其……倒不如……。用于连接两个并列成分。‎ ‎(5)prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿……而不愿……‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①John wants to see me today. I would rather he came (come) tomorrow.‎ ‎②He would rather work (work) in the countryside than in the city.‎ ‎③I would rather you hadn't_told (tell) him the news that day.‎ ‎④I prefer to stay at home rather than go (go) there alone.‎ ‎3．What if some married people have affairs?‎ 如果有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢？‎ What if...？此处意为“如果……怎么办？”可看作“What shall we/I ‎ do if...？”的省略形式。‎ ‎(1)What if...？“如果……将会怎样？；即使……又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于“What shall we/I do if...？”。what if中what可看作是what should sb. do或what does it matter或what would happen的省略。what if用于提出假设时，其后的句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should＋动词原形)。‎ ‎(2)What for？为何目的，为何理由？‎ So what？那又怎么样？‎ How come...？怎么会这样？‎ What/How about...？……怎么样？‎ Guess what？你猜怎么着？‎ 完成句子 ‎①What_if_he_doesn't_invite_me to his birthday party?‎ 即使他不邀请我去参加他的生日聚会又有什么关系？‎ ‎②What_if_we_moved the sofa over there? Would that look better?‎ 要是我们把沙发挪到那边去会怎样？看上去会不会好一些？‎ ‎③Since she spent five years in Paris, how_come her French is so bad?‎ 既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这么糟糕？‎ ‎④—He is fifteen years younger than you!‎ ‎—So_what?‎ ‎——他比你小十五岁呢？‎ ‎——那又怎么样？‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．People will not face this alternative because it is so difficult to abolish (废除) war.‎ ‎2．They are asked to vacate (腾出) their large offices and move into smaller ones before Wednesday.‎ ‎3．To his disappointment, his name has been deleted (删除) from the list.‎ ‎4．When his influence began to shrink (收缩), his wealth also decreased.‎ ‎5．My sister tries to squeeze (挤) her feet into shoes that are too small.‎ ‎6．We are a voluntary (自愿的) organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.‎ ‎7．I find myself unequal to what I have undertaken (承担)．‎ ‎8．The sad news cast (投射) a shadow over the proceedings.‎ ‎9．Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition (版本) of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.‎ ‎10．Mr Zhang has accumulated (积累) a large fortune by working hard for twenty years.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎(一)单元知识点 ‎1．The brakes of the car needed some adjustment (adjust)．‎ ‎2．She demanded we (should)_set (set) about cleaning the whole school.‎ ‎3．The rainforest is abundant (丰富的) in rare species of plants and animals.‎ ‎4．As she was thirsty (thirst) and eager to have a little rest. She went into the restaurant.‎ ‎5．The central aim of this government is social equality (equal)．‎ ‎6．Donald Trump won the election (elect) in the end and became the president of the USA.‎ ‎7．Foreign governments (govern) have been consulted about this decision.‎ ‎8．He made them realize that beauty can have a diversity (diverse) of forms.‎ ‎9．The girl decided that she would resign herself to his father's guidance.‎ ‎10．The preservation (preserve) of the ancient culture is of great value.‎ ‎11．A new hospital is under construction (construct) in my hometown.‎ ‎12．We visited the temple dating (date) back to the 19th century.‎ ‎13．What began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.‎ ‎14．My father, burdened (burden) with a large family, was unable to support the expenses of my brother's college education.‎ ‎15．He insisted on giving me a hand with the heavy bags.‎ ‎(二)单元语法 ‎16．What does the author suggest the grandparents (should)_do (do) in the last paragraph?‎ ‎17．He treats me as though I were (be) a stranger.‎ ‎18．Don't go to the cinema this afternoon, and you should finish your work first. I'd rather you went (go) tomorrow.‎ ‎19．It's high time that the article were/should_be (be) published.‎ ‎20．After that, the manager demanded the source of all the water supplies (should)_be_examined (examine)．‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．A fierce fire broke out there last night. Consequent, most of the building was burnt to the ground.Consequent改为Consequently ‎2．He missed the first bus, that meant that he had to wait for another 15 minutes.第一个that改为which ‎3．It's time that the factory takes action to deal with water pollution.takes改为took ‎4．He was elected the chairman of the Student Union at school.去掉chairman前的the ‎5．New technologies have made this possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.this改为it Ⅳ.选词填空 show off， well off， knock into， to start with， come into ‎ being， break into， contribute to， do away with， be sentenced to， take it seriously ‎1．Tom was reading a picturebook when he knocked_into a tree.‎ ‎2．He thinks it's time we did_away_with the monarchy.‎ ‎3．To_start_with,_we haven't enough money, and secondly we're too busy.‎ ‎4．Do you know when the Great Wall came_into_being?‎ ‎5．She had made Helen a dress which showed_off her tiny waist.‎ ‎6．Jack has just bought another new car; he must be very well_off.‎ ‎7．As the President's car arrived, the crowd broke_into loud applause.‎ ‎8．There are many factors which contribute_to a person's success.‎ ‎9．Don't take_it_seriously —he was only teasing.‎ ‎10．He was_sentenced_to three years in prison because of family violence.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．The purpose of new technologies is to make_life_easier,_not to make it more difficult.‎ 新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。‎ ‎2．What_I_want_to_say is that everyone in the world wants to have a happy life.‎ 我想说的是，在这个世界上每个人都希望拥有快乐的生活。‎ ‎3．It's_high_time_that_we_should_take/took_measures to preserve the natural resources.‎ 到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了。‎ ‎4．Not your IQ but your attitude to study and method that matter.‎ 不是你的智商，而是你的学习态度和方法起作用。‎ ‎5．What_if I fail in the math exam next week?‎ 如果下周的数学考试我不及格怎么办？‎ ‎6．Since we are parents, we should take_on/bear_the_burden_of looking after all the family members.‎ 既然我们身为父母，我们就应该承担起照顾家人的责任。‎ ‎7．I'd_rather_you_hadn't_hurt him that day.‎ 我真希望你那天没有伤害他。‎ ‎8．We can set out early so_that we'll have more time to read and select books.‎ 我们可以早动身，这样我们就有更多的时间读书和选择书。‎ Ⅵ.课文语法填空 In modern society, __1__ (trap) in a spending circle, most of us work hard to earn more money and __2__ we have more money, we spend more, so we have to work even harder. But the more money we earn, the __3__ (little) often we see it. In the spending circle, we accumulate __4__ (possess) and work towards the ownership of bigger and better houses. As a result, what we get is not __5__ (increase) happiness, __6__ stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families. There is a growing resistance to this consumer society, for it is __7__ (especial) affecting the youth of today with their modern equipment. Trade unions demand that people share work __8__ (reduce) unemployment. We should try to control advertising, especially advertising __9__ is aimed at children. Young people should be taught to use their free time in a proper way. We should remember that “being” and “doing” __10__ (be) much more important than “having”．‎ ‎1．trapped　2.when　3.less　4.possessions ‎5．increased　6.but　7.especially　8.to_reduce ‎9．which　10.are Ⅶ.话题写作 第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将于2019年在中国举办。组委会向社会征集志愿者，要求如下：‎ ‎1．热情、有礼；‎ ‎2．熟悉中国传统文化；‎ ‎3．英语口语流利。‎ 假设你是新华中学学生李华，请按上面的要求给组委会写一封应聘信。‎ 生词：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear_Sir_or_Madam，‎ Thank_you_for_reading_my_letter._As_the_Belt_and_Road_Forum_for_International_Cooperation_is_coming,_I'd_like_very_much_to_be_a_volunteer.‎ All_our_citizens_are_looking_forward_to_this_special_event._First_of_all,_I_promise_I_will,_with_great_passion,_try_my_best_to_serve_our_distinguished_guests_from_home_and_abroad_politely._Besides,_I_have_a_rich_knowledge_about_Chinese_history_and_especially_traditional_culture,_which_enables_me_to_spread_our_splendid_culture._What's_more,_I'm_good_at_English_and_Chinese,_which_will_play_an_important_role_in_communication_during_the_forum.‎ To_sum_up,_I_believe_I_can_be_a_qualified_volunteer._I_will_try_my_best_if_I'm_accepted.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 学习至此，请完成课时作业47～48‎