【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空典题10篇训练之一学案（14页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空典题10篇训练之一学案（14页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空典题10篇训练之一 ‎【1】‎ There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and __1__ (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so __2__ (comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days __3__ (walk) through the forest in his new socks.‎ Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in __4__ (shirt), then rabbits __5__ hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!‎ Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clotheswearers. __6__ no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the latest trend too.‎ Soon, the problems started. A squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. A rabbit tried entering his hole while __7__ (wear) his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his bright coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.‎ When the __8__ (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don't need __9__.”‎ Those __10__ listened to the doctor's advice finally understood they didn't need clothes. They'd only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了一些动物纷纷效仿穿着袜子的浣熊，穿上各种各样的衣服，结果却害了自己。‎ ‎1．decided　根据and可知，空处与found构成并列谓语，故应填过去式decided。‎ ‎2．comfortable　felt为系动词，本处应用形容词作表语，故填comfortable。‎ ‎3．walking　spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，故填现在分词walking。‎ ‎4．shirts　此处表示“穿着衬衫的松鼠”，应用名词的复数形式，故填shirts。‎ ‎5．with　本处用“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构作rabbits的定语，表示“戴着帽子的兔子”。‎ ‎6．But　前后句之间为转折关系，故应填连词But。‎ ‎7．wearing　“当兔子戴着它的帽子尝试着进洞时”，此处为状语从句的省略，原句应为“while he was wearing his hat”。‎ ‎8．injured　此处表示“受伤的动物”，应用形容词作定语。‎ ‎9．them　句意：你们的衣服会要了你的命，你们不需要它们。空处代指“clothes”，填them。‎ ‎10．who　句意：那些听了医生建议的动物最终理解了它们并不需要衣服。本处为定语从句，先行词为Those，本文拟人化，应用关系代词who。‎ ‎【2】‎ Love, wealth and opportunities — parents today do __1__ (they) best to leave possessions for their kids, __2__ they are rich or poor. But Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and CEO of the social media giant Facebook, has something __3__ (large) in mind.‎ On Dec. 1, Zuckerberg, 31, announced the birth of his first child and the start __4__ the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, __5__ organization for helping people in need.__6__ (make) the world a better place for their kids to grow up in, Zuckerberg said he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would give away 99 percent of their Facebook shares __7__ now are worth about $45 billion (about 288 billion yuan) to good causes.‎ However, the shares will not be donated to the organization immediately, but over the course of the couple's lives.‎ The __8__ (announce) was presented as a letter __9__ (write) by the couple to their new baby girl, Max.‎ According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative __10__ (help) to realize “human potential” and “equality for all children in the next generation”．‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：很多父母都尽力给孩子留下财产，然而Facebook的总裁竟捐出所持的Facebook的99%的股份做公益。‎ ‎1．their　do one's best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，因此应使用形容词性物主代词their。‎ ‎2．whether　whether ... or意为“无论……还是”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎3．larger　But的转折暗含此处表示与其他父母的比较，因此使用比较级。‎ ‎4．of　此处of短语作后置定语，the start of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative表示“扎克伯格－陈计划的启动”。‎ ‎5．an　此处为the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative的同位语，organization的读音以元音音素开头，因此填an。‎ ‎6．To make　此处为目的状语，因此使用不定式。‎ ‎7．which/that　空处引导定语从句，先行词为“99 percent of their Facebook shares”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此填which/that。‎ ‎8．announcement　此处为主语，由谓语动词was可知，应用单数名词作主语。‎ ‎9．written　此处为a letter的后置定语，因write与a letter之间构成动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎10．will help　依据这封信，扎克伯格－陈计划将会帮助实现人类潜能以及下一代所有孩子的平等，应使用一般将来时。‎ ‎【三】‎ Make your home a safer place You probably think that your home is the one place where you are safe. That's what I thought until last week. Now I know our flat is full of accidents waiting __1__ (happen). Next month we'll look __2__ my niece and nephew while their parents go away for __3__ short break. We will ask them to come and make sure that everything is __4__ (total) OK. All of us will get a few __5__ (surprise)．‎ We start in the spare bedroom, in __6__ the children will sleep. Everybody knows you shouldn't put children's beds under a window in ‎ case a child __7__ (try) to climb out. Next is the bathroom. We keep our medicines on a shelf above the washbasin. Never leave medicines where children can find __8__ (they). They might think they are sweets. Finally, the kitchen. This is the most __9__ (danger) room in the house. Knives should __10__ (keep) in drawers which children can't reach, and all cleaning liquids in high cupboards. So we have three weeks to make our house safe. It's not difficult ... once you know how to do.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何让家更安全。‎ ‎1．to happen　固定搭配wait to do sth.意为“等着做某事”，故填to happen。‎ ‎2．after　固定搭配look after意为“照看”，与“while their parents go away”呼应。‎ ‎3．a　break意为“休息”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词修饰。‎ ‎4．totally　修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词totally修饰形容词OK，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎5．surprises　surprise此处意为“意想不到的事”，是可数名词，且被a few修饰，故用复数形式。‎ ‎6．which　此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the spare bedroom, in which＝where。‎ ‎7．tries/should try　in case引导的状语从句中，从句用虚拟语气，常用“should ＋ do”的形式；也可以不用虚拟语气，主从句时态一致，故用tries。 ‎ ‎8．them　空处作谓语动词find的宾语，因此应用宾格形式。‎ ‎9．dangerous　修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词dangerous在句子中作定语，与the most呼应。‎ ‎10．be kept　句子主语Knives与keep之间构成动宾关系，故用被动语态be kept。‎ ‎【四】‎ We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?‎ In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__， they'll be disappointed after graduation from high school.‎ Like university students, the US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a 9thgrader can sit __9__ the same classroom as 12thgraders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。‎ ‎1．surprising　此处是现在分词作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．is recorded　everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded，与graded呼应。‎ ‎3．to turn　fail to do sth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎4．what　空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。‎ ‎5．academic　修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定语。‎ ‎6．Otherwise　根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。‎ ‎7．freedom　由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。‎ ‎8．them　此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故填them。‎ ‎9．in　in the classroom意为“在教室里”，符合语境，故填in。‎ ‎10．younger　根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的比较级形式，即younger。‎ ‎【五】‎ A recent study shows that most adults did household chores __1__(active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before, __2__ same study shows.‎ An expert said, “Parents today want their kids to spend more time __3__ things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped __4__(do) the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores.”‎ Another study finds that compared with the kids __5__ didn't do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely __6__(succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.‎ Personal happiness __7__(say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learning to be kind and __8__(help) to their parents at home.‎ If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they __9__(deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook. If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like small __10__(message) at the moment add up to big ones over time，” says an expert.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。一项研究表明，现在的大部分成年人小时候都做过家务，而现在的大部分孩子不像以前的孩子那样做很多家务了。‎ ‎1．actively　分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，故要用副词形式actively。‎ ‎2．the　此处的“study”就是上文提到的“study”，故用定冠词the 表示特指。‎ ‎3．on　根据固定搭配spend sth. on sth.可知，此处填介词on。‎ ‎4．doing　根据语境可知，这里说的是“停止做某事”，而不是“停下来去做某事”，故用stop doing sth.。‎ ‎5．who/that　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为kids，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此本空填who/that。‎ ‎6．to succeed　此处是be likely to do sth.句型，故用不定式。‎ ‎7．is said　本句含有“be said＋动词不定式”结构，且这里说的是现在的一般情况，主语为Personal happiness，因此填is said。‎ ‎8．helpful　本空应填形容词helpful与kind并列作表语。‎ ‎9．dealt/should deal　It's time (that) ... 句型中， that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用一般过去式或“should＋do”，其中should不可以省略。‎ ‎10．messages　message是可数名词，其前没有冠词，故要用其复数形式。‎ ‎【六】‎ I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I __1__ pay for it all.‎ As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind __2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was __3__ (collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store. I really wanted to help, __4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.‎ I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item (项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again __5__ I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the foodbank list under it. I smiled and __6__ (decide) to trust my heart.‎ With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put __7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times __8__ (large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.‎ It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a __9__ (child) hungry stomach. __10__ (kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。一天，作者开车去当地的一家超市购物的过程中做了一件好事。‎ ‎1．could　句意：我停好车，低头看了看我的清单，希望自己可以付得起。根据句意，此处表示“能够，可以”，且此处讲述过去的事情，故用情态动词can的过去式could。‎ ‎2．eyes　句意：当我进门时，我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人。一个人有两只眼睛，且空前无冠词或所有格，故用eye的复数形式。‎ ‎3．collecting　句意：他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集(食物)。根据空前的“was”和collect与主语he之间是主动关系可知，此处应用过去进行时，故填collecting。‎ ‎4．but　句意：我真的想帮忙，但是不确定这次是否能做到。前后分句之间是转折关系，故填but“但是”。‎ ‎5．if/whether　句意：当我低头看着满满的购物车时，我又一次想知道我是否有足够的钱来支付。wondered后是一个宾语从句，从句成分完整，此处表示“是否”，故填if/whether。‎ ‎6．decided　句意：我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。and连接两个并列的谓语，故应填decided与smiled并列。‎ ‎7．them　put后的宾语指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice，故用they的宾格形式them。‎ ‎8．larger　句意：但是我这样做时，我感觉我的心是原来的六倍大。虽然句中没有than，但是根据语境可知，此处有比较的意味，倍数表达法中，三倍及以上用“基数词＋times＋比较级(＋than)”表示，故用larger。‎ ‎9．child's　句意：几美元就能帮助填满一个孩子饥饿的胃。空后是名词stomach，所给提示词是child，空前是不定冠词a，故此处应该用child的所有格形式。‎ ‎10．Kindness　句意：善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活。空处作句子的主语，因此要用kind的名词形式kindness“善行”。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎【七】‎ Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he __1__ (notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car. __2__ elderly ‎ man, Jean Papich, eightyfour, sat in the driver's seat, __3__ (turn) the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventyeight, was looking __4__ (nervous) at him. Then Sammy walked __5__ the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt (沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.‎ It might be __6__ (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean __7__ (put) the car in neutral (空挡)．Sammy could feel the ground trembling under his feet. He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of __8__ (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and __9__ (speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.‎ Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did __10__ I had to do.”‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy Armstrong在开车上班的路上解救了一辆卡在铁轨上的汽车。‎ ‎1．noticed　文章的整体时态为过去时，且主句中用的是过去进行时，故填noticed。‎ ‎2．An　man在文中第一次提到，应用不定冠词，且elderly的读音以元音音素开头，故填An。‎ ‎3．turning　空处与句子主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语，并与hitting并列，故填turning。‎ ‎4．nervously　副词作状语修饰动词，故填nervously。‎ ‎5．behind　根据下文的“pushed it forward”可知，此处表示走到车的后面推车，故填behind。‎ ‎6．easier　根据语境可知，向前推车不好推，所以他想向后面推可能更容易，故填easier。‎ ‎7．to put　此处为不定式作宾补，他向老人喊让老人挂空挡，故填to put。‎ ‎8．feet　a couple of后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填feet。‎ ‎9．speechless　与shocked并列，根据语境可知，应填speechless。‎ ‎10．what　分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作did的宾语，且空处在从句中充当do的宾语，故填what。‎ ‎【八】‎ The Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the __1__ (large) of the Earth's oceans, covering about 46% of the Earth's water surface and 32% of its total surface area. It extends __2__ the Arctic in the north to the Antarctica in the south, __3__ (surround) by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.‎ The Pacific Ocean contains about 25,000 islands. The __4__ (major) of them are found south of the equator. __5__ water near the equator is less salty than that found in the midlatitudes (中纬度) for __6__ (abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.‎ The surface circulation of Pacific waters is __7__ (general)‎ ‎ clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.‎ The exploitation of the Pacific's mineral wealth is various, __8__ is influenced by the ocean's great depths. In shallow waters off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, natural gas is produced, and pearls __9__ (harvest) along the coasts of Australia, Japan and the Philippines. One more thing worth __10__ (mention) is that the Pacific's greatest wealth is its fish.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上最大的大洋——太平洋。‎ ‎1．largest　根据句意及空前的“the”可知，此处应该使用形容词的最高级形式。‎ ‎2．from　此处指它从北半球的北极延伸到南半球的南极地区。from与后面的to形成对应。‎ ‎3．surrounded　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作伴随状语，且由空格后的by可知，此处指的是太平洋被围绕，表被动，故应用过去分词。‎ ‎4．majority　由空前的“The”和空后的“of”可知，这里应填一个名词。major本身可以作名词，表示“专业”，显然不符合语境。此处应用majority“大部分”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．The　根据water后面的修饰语“near the equator”可知，此处应用定冠词The表特指。‎ ‎6‎ ‎．abundant　根据语境和句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语修饰名词，故应用其形容词形式。‎ ‎7．generally　此处表示“通常，太平洋水域的表面循环在北半球是顺时针方向的，在南半球是逆时针方向的”。应用副词修饰整个句子，故填generally。‎ ‎8．which　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The exploitation，且在从句中作主语，故只能用which。‎ ‎9．are harvested　根据句子结构可知，pearls与harvest之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且本文的基本时态为一般现在时，故此处也需用一般时，故填are harvested。‎ ‎10．mentioning　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作worth的宾语，worth后接动词时应用其ing形式，即用主动形式表被动含义。worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。‎ ‎【九】‎ During a recent Senior Three English lesson, the teacher __1__ (notice) Xiao Ming, a student, busily typing messages on her cellphone. To the teacher's surprise, Xiao Ming wasn't just texting her friends the latest small talk. She was blogging about what she was learning in the classroom, sharing her opinions __2__ her classmates. She said she __3__ (true) enjoyed doing that.‎ The case caused __4__ heated discussion among teachers and students citywide. Miss Li, another English teacher said, “I am amazed at how __5__ (create) the students can be when writing on their blogs. To me it's a great way for students to improve their writing skills while writing about personal feelings and experiences.” But __6__ made other teachers worried was the blogaddiction which may disturb the students' study.‎ A supporter and classmate of Xiao Ming said, “We love her blog! We all read it each day and can't wait to see what she writes about next. Many of her __7__ (suggest) on study really help to encourage us. And we can relax __8__ (we) while reading her blog.” Another student blogger admitted that he often works late into the night, __9__ (write) his blog. He said, “Sometimes I don't even have time __10__ (finish) my homework. I can't help myself. I really have a lot to say.”‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ ‎【十】‎ Everyone seems __1__ (have) his or her own holiday. Dad has Father's Day. Mom has Mother's Day. Children have Children's Day. Lovers have Valentine's Day. But is there a special day __2__ older people?‎ Of course. The Chongyang Festival is the holiday __3__ Chinese people show love for their elders. __4__ (celebrate) on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the festival is also known as the Double Ninth Festival. Nine is the __5__ (high) digit (数字), so it __6__ (regard) that the two together mean a long life.‎ The festival comes during __7__ golden time of autumn. The clear weather and the joy of harvest make for a happy atmosphere. On the day,‎ ‎ people __8__ (traditional) climb a mountain and carry dogwood (茱萸). People in ancient times __9__ (believe) that the plant could drive away evil __10__ (spirit) and prevent people against cold in winter.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了老师和学生对发博客的不同看法。‎ ‎1．noticed　通读全文可知，故事发生在过去，故用动词的一般过去式形式。‎ ‎2．with　考查介词。share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”，为固定搭配，故用介词with。‎ ‎3．truly　修饰动词应用副词，故用副词truly修饰动词enjoyed。‎ ‎4．a　discussion在此处表示具体概念，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词a修饰。‎ ‎5．creative　how修饰形容词或副词。由下文的be可知，此处应用形容词作表语，故填creative。‎ ‎6．what　空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示物的概念，what符合语境。‎ ‎7．suggestions　her是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故用名词形式。此外，suggestion是可数名词，由Many of可知，应用复数形式。‎ ‎8．ourselves　由句子主语we可知，此处应用反身代词，表示放松自我。‎ ‎9．‎ writing　write和从句的谓语works之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。其与主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。‎ ‎10．to finish　have time to do sth.意为“有时间做某事”，为固定搭配，不定式作宾语补足语。‎