【英语】2018届二轮复习情态动词wouldrather用法练与析学案（6页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习情态动词wouldrather用法练与析学案（6页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习情态动词would rather用法练与析 ‎“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式，美国英语中多用had rather。would（或had）rather的缩写形式为 ’d rather。would (had) rather中的would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，没有人称和数的变化所有的人称一律用would(had) rather。‎ 一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动词原形,表示优先选择的一种方式 其否定形式是would rather not do sth。‎ mr. li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。‎ if you’d rather be alone, we’ll all leave here.‎ 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。‎ he’d rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。‎ you would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。‎ 二、如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿……而不愿……，与其……宁可……”的意思时，则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型 i would rather watch tv at home than go to the cinema.‎ 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。‎ the children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。‎ 请注意 1） would rather…than…/would…rather than…。为了表示语气上的强调，还可将rather than置于句首， 颠倒为：rather than…would…。would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than 后的动词可以省略。‎ i’d rather you know that now than afterwards.‎ 我宁可你现在就知道这件事，而不是以后。‎ i would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。‎ he would rather drink wine than beer．他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。‎ facing the enemies, our soldiers would die rather than surrender.‎ 面对敌人，我们的战士宁死不屈。‎ rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up.‎ 与其在这样差的条件下工作，他宁愿放弃。‎ rather than refuse to help you, i would borrow money from my friends. 我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。‎ ‎2)使用would rather…than…句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。‎ i would rather go to work by bike than by bus.‎ 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。‎ i would rather talk with his mother than with his father.‎ 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。‎ 三、在疑问句式中，would rather 与would rather…than…中的would要放在主语之前 would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里，还是回家？‎ which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉？‎ would you rather read a novel than read a poem?‎ 你宁愿看小说而不愿朗读诗歌吗？‎ 四、would rather+that从句是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 would rather+从句, 引导从句的that常省略 sb would rather (that) someone did sth 过去时来表示现在或将来, “宁愿…,还是…好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”‎ sb would rather(that) someone had （not） done sth 过去完成时表过去。”某人但愿另一人已干过（为干过）某事”。接从句表示希望过去发生过或没发生过某事。但这只是愿望，而事实却相反。‎ henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does．‎ 亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。‎ i’d rather she set out to do the work now. 我宁愿她现在就着手做这项工作。‎ i’d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.‎ 但愿你明天早上能在机场见到她。‎ john wants to see me today. i would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)‎ we’d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。‎ don’t come tomorrow. i’d rather you came next weekend.‎ 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。‎ i’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.‎ 我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。‎ he would rather you had passed the exam.‎ 请注意: 1） 如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时，主句一般为i had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。‎ would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。‎ ‎2）如果在谈到过去的动作时，只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构(构成would rather(not) have done)， “真愿意已干过…”“但愿没干过…”表示主语原本要（不该）做的某事，而结果事与愿违的意思。有抱歉，后悔，自责之意。‎ i’d rather have left a note on her desk. 我本想留张字条在她书桌上的。（事实上没有留）‎ 比较：‎ i’d rather i left a note on her desk. 我宁可留张字条在她的书桌上。‎ i would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.‎ 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。‎ he would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods．‎ 他宁可穷也不愿意用不诚实的手段获取金钱。‎ 五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。‎ 例tom would rather/sooner read than talk．汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 tom prefers reading to talking．汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。‎ 请注意 1）would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。‎ he prefers wine to beer．= he would rather drink wine than beer．‎ 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。‎ i prefer tennis to golf．= i’d rather play tennis than golf．‎ 我喜欢打网球而不喜欢打高尔夫球。‎ ‎2）某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来：‎ he prefers dogs to cats．（他喜欢狗而不喜欢猫。）‎ he would rather have dogs than cats．（他宁可养狗而不愿养猫。）‎ 很明显，这两句的意思并不完全相同。‎ ‎3） would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。‎ i’d rather fly than go by sea．=i’d prefer to fly．我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。‎ 这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样：‎ 例 —would you like some gin？‎ ‎—i’d prefer a coffee．=i’d rather have coffee than gin．‎ ‎—您想喝点杜松子酒吗？‎ ‎—我想喝点咖啡。/我想喝点咖啡，不想喝杜松子酒。‎ ‎4）would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者带to。‎ we went by sea but i’d rather have gone by air=i’d prefer to have gone by air．我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。（我愿意乘飞机去，可我的愿望未能实现。）这和 would like+不定式的完成式有点相似，would like+带to 的不定式的完成式也表示未能实现的愿望。‎ ‎①sb would rather (not) do 宁愿（不）…，宁肯（不）…‎ ‎②sb would rather do than do /would do rather than do 宁愿做…而不愿做…‎ ‎③sb would rather (not) have done 但愿已（没）干过…（实际没这样，与愿望相反）‎ ‎④sb would rather (that) someone did (not) sth 某人希望另一人去干…(实际不一定如此)‎ ‎⑤sb would rather （that）someone had (not) done sth. 某人但愿另一人已（没）干过…（愿望与实际相反）‎ ‎☆ rather 在上述句型找那个具有选择意义，但当rather 后接like,enjoy, appreciate 等时，rather时是程度副词，象quite，fairly一样，无 选择之意。‎ i’d rather like black tea.‎ we would rather appreciate your help.‎ he would rather enjoy seeing a film on sunday .‎ 练习：‎ ‎1. i’d rather you ____ have many comments on the issue for the time being.‎ a. don’t b. wouldn’t c. didn’t d. shouldn’t ‎2. the manager would rather his daughter __in the same office.‎ a. had not worked b. not to work c. does not work d. did not work ‎3.i’d rather you just____ in bed and ____anything for at least three weeks.‎ a. stayed ,did b. would stay, didn’t do c. stayed ,didn’t do d. stay, don’t do ‎4.who(m) would you rather ___ with you. peter or john?‎ a. have go b. have to go c. have gone d. having go ‎5. who would rather ___the tv set?‎ a. had repair b. have repaired c. repaired d. have to repair ‎6.--did you scold the boy for his mistakes?‎ ‎--yes, but __it.‎ a. i’d rather not do b. i’d not better do c. i’d rather not to have done d. i’d rather not have done ‎7.--do you mind if i keep pets in the building?‎ ‎--_____.‎ a. i’d rather you didn’t , actually b. of course not, it’s not allowed there c. great ! i love pets d. no, you can’t ‎8.—i believe we’ve met somewhere before.‎ ‎--no ,___.‎ a. it isn’t the same b. it can’t be true c. i don’t think so c. i’d rather not ‎9. how silly i was ! __those unreasonable remarks.‎ a. would rather not make b. would rather not have made c. would rather make d. would rather have made ‎10. the spoiled boy would be punished___ recognize his mistakes.‎ a. rather than b. other than c. more than d. than ‎11. i would rather he ___to attend the coming conference.‎ a. will go b. goes c. had gone d. went