陕西省2020届高三教学质量检测英语试题

陕西省2020届高三教学质量检测英语试题

‎2020年陕西省高三教学质量检测卷（二）‎ 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1.本试题卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置。‎ ‎3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。‎ ‎4.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。‎ ‎5.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听 完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 ‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A.£ 19.15. B.£ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.‎ 答案是C.‎ ‎1.What will the weather be like on Sunday?‎ A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.‎ ‎2.What is the relationship between Emma and the man?‎ A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student.‎ ‎3.Who does the man want to buy the socks for?‎ A. His mother. B. His daughter. C. His wife.‎ ‎4.Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.‎ ‎5. What is the conversation mainly about?‎ A. Gifts. B. Zoo animals. C. A shopping trip.‎ 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。‎ ‎6.Where does the woman suggest the man go?‎ A. The local library.‎ B. The lecture room.‎ C. The provincial museum.‎ ‎7. What does the museum do every few months?‎ A. Close for repairs. B. Change the exhibits. C. Hold a lecture.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8.What did the man buy last weekend?‎ A. A watch. B. A T-shirt. C. A pair of shoes.‎ ‎9. Who did the man play chess with?‎ A. His brother. B. His father. C. The woman.‎ ‎10. What did the woman do on Sunday?‎ A. She went to Disney.‎ B. She went swimming.‎ C. She did her homework.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Where was the woman speaking?‎ A. On the plane. B. On the underground. C. On the train.‎ ‎12.What is the missing part of the camera?‎ A. A 4 GB memory card.‎ B. A 14 GB memory card.‎ C. A 40 GB memory card.‎ ‎13. What time is the store open?‎ A. At 10 am. B. At 8 am. C. At 7 pm.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14.What is Nepal like?‎ A. It's the poorest country in the world.‎ B. Its population has been decreasing steadily.‎ C. Many people can't read or write.‎ ‎15. What does the man think of his volunteer job in Nepal?‎ A. It's rewarding. B. It's tiring. C. It's well-paid.‎ ‎16.1n which field might the man work in the future?‎ A. Community management.‎ B. International development.‎ C. Children education.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. How many people might have weakening hearing loss by 2050?‎ A. 900 million. B.466 million. C. 360 million.‎ ‎18. What may damage our hearing?‎ A. Enjoying music with audio players regularly.‎ B. Exposing ourselves to too loud noise for too long.‎ C. Listening without headphones over the devices.‎ ‎19. What is the WHO doing to prevent hearing loss?‎ A. Making guidelines of volume control in public places.‎ B. Calling on young people to develop right listening habits.‎ C. Calling for manufacturers to make some adjustments.‎ ‎20. What will the WHO highlight in future?‎ A. Its guidelines. B. Its volume levels. C. Its audio players.‎ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A The following books have been published recently, and maybe you would like to read them.‎ This Atmosphere of Love Franklin Bass Jr.‎ www.authorhouse.com Paperback丨E-book ‎$12.95丨$3.99‎ This Atmosphere of Love shares Franklin Bass Jr.’s poetry collection from 2008 to 2012 that speaks about his true feelings and experiences of love.‎ An Irish Girl Marilyn Hering www.iuniverse.com Paperback丨E-book ‎$13.99丨$3.99‎ Inspired by true events of the Irish famine(饥荒), An Irish Girl combines a tale of the famine with a heart-broken story of love and loss.‎ The Prison Planet Handbook Denis Goodwin www.xlibris.com Hardback丨Paperback丨E-book丨Audiobook ‎$46.98丨$34.45丨$4.99丨$9.99‎ Sometimes, the reality prescribed to us doesn’t explain what we experience. If you too know something isn’t right and want to see the bigger picture, the bottom line is here.‎ A Deadly Homecoming Jane Bennett Munro www.iuniverse.com Hardback丨Paperback丨E-book丨Audiobook ‎$23.99丨$13.99丨$3.99丨$9.99‎ When her mother asks her to investigate a friend’s disappearance, Toni Day heads to her hometown to solve a complex murder case that leaves her own life hanging in the balance.‎ ‎1. Who is a poet among the following writers?‎ A. Jane Bennett Munro B. Marilyn Hering.‎ C. Denis Goodwin. D. Franklin Bass Jr.‎ ‎2. What kind of book is An Irish Girl?‎ A. A biography B. A storybook C. A documentary. D. A reference book.‎ ‎3. Which book will you read if you like a thriller?‎ A. The Prison Planet. B. A Deadly Homecoming.‎ C. An Irish Girl. D. This Atmosphere of Love.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本最新出版的书，及其作者和价格等相关信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据This Atmosphere of love部分中This Atmosphere of Love shares Franklin Bass Jr.’s poetry collection from 2008 to 2012 that speaks about his true feelings and experiences of love.可知《爱的氛围》收录了小富兰克林·巴斯2008年至2012年的诗集，讲述了他对爱情的真实感受和经历。由此可知，Franklin Bass Jr.出版的书是一部诗集，那么Franklin Bass Jr.是一位诗人。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据An Irish Girl部分中Inspired by true events of the Irish famine, An Irish Girl combines a tale of the famine with a heart-broken story of love and loss.可知Irish Girl这本书将一个饥荒传说和一个关于爱与失去的故事巧妙地结合了起来。由此可推知，An Irish Girl是一本故事书。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据A Deadly Homecoming部分中When her mother asks her to investigate a friend’s disappearance, Toni Day heads to her hometown to solve a complex murder case that leaves her own life hanging in the balance.可知，这本书讲述的是Toni Day受母亲所托，调查一个朋友的失踪案，当她回家乡处理一起复杂的谋杀案时，她自己也因此案身陷危险的故事。由此可知，如果你喜欢看惊悚小说，可以选择A Deadly Homecoming这本书。故选B。‎ B A trick question: Can you name the only three writers who have won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction twice? Faulkner, yes； Updike. And? Hats off if you came up with Booth Tarkington.‎ And yet his two prize-winners——"The Magnificent Ambersons" and " Alice Adams”, just reissued in one volume by the Library of America—are not even the most commercially successful novels of his extraordinarily successful career. Nine of his books were ranked among the top ten ‎ sellers of their year, and the strangely dissimilar The Turmoil and Seventeen were the No. 1 sellers in consecutive（连续的）years. And then there's Penrod, probably the most beloved boys' book since Tom and Huck, though I can't recommend a stroll down that particular memory lane.‎ There are thirty or so novels, countless short stories and serials, a string of hit plays. And there were countless honors: Tarkington was not only commercial but literary—not just the Pulitzers but in 1933 the gold medal for fiction from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, which Edith Wharton and William Dean Howells had won previously. As early as 1922, the Times had placed him twelfth on a list of the twelve greatest contemporary American men.‎ As for booksellers, in 1921 they voted him the most significant contemporary American writer. Nothing ever changes. How to explain this remarkable career—the quick rise to fame, the unaffected reputation over several decades, and then the pronounced fall into shadowiness? If you read all his fiction, you find a steady although uninspired hand at the helm. Slowly, painstakingly （费力地），Tarkington had taught himself to write reliable prose （散文）and construct appealing fictions ； he was modest—always literate but never showy. You could count on him to catch your interest even if he failed to grasp your imagination or your heart. And he was always a gentleman.‎ ‎4. What does "Hats off" underlined in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. Show respect. B. Feel nervous.‎ C. Throw away hats. D. Take off hats.‎ ‎5. Which book is possibly popular among boys?‎ A. The Magnificent Ambersons. B. Alice Adams.‎ C. Penrod. D. Seventeen.‎ ‎6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A. Tarkington's works and honors. B. Tarkington's personality.‎ C. Tarkington's social position. D. Tarkington's achievements.‎ ‎7. What's the authors attitude to Tarkington?‎ A. Doubtful. B. Objective.‎ C. Negative. D. Admiring.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Booth Tarkington的作品及其所获得的荣誉。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，作者首先提出了问题，问：你是否能说出获得过两次普利策小说奖的三个人的名字？能说出Faulkner和Updike，那没什么，但第三个人Booth Tarkington更值得我们致敬。结合下文可知，文章在介绍Tarkington的成就，所以作者对Tarkington有一种敬畏尊敬之情。由此可推知，Hats off 字面意思为脱帽。在这里引申为向某人致敬。故选 A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“And then there’s Penrod, probably the most beloved boys’ book since Tom and Huck”可知，在男孩们的圈子中，最受欢迎的是Penrod 这本书。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 段落大意题。根据第三段内容尤其是第一、二句“There are thirty or so novels, countless short stories and serials, a string of hit plays. And there were countless honors...”可知，第三段重点介绍了Tarkington 的作品数量和获得的无数荣誉， 即Tarkington的成就。A项可以排除，因为本段着重介绍的不是他的作品名称和内容，而是在强调他的作品数目之多以及他所获得的众多荣誉。所以D项更能准确地概括本段内容。故选 D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中作者对Tarkington的一些描述比如倒数第三句中的“he was modest”和最后一句“And he was always a gentleman”可知，作者认为Tarkington 是一位谦逊的绅士，作者高度赞美了Tarkington，即作者对Tarkington 的态度是赞赏的。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，进而很好地洞察作者的思想倾向，是支持、反对抑或中立？对于选项而言，要分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词，以此对照全文。如：1）表示褒义的词语：positive赞成的，supporting支持的，praising赞扬的，optimistic乐观的，admiring羡慕的，enthusiastic热情的等；2）表示中性的词语：uninterested无兴趣的，不感兴趣的； neutral中立的；impersonal不带个人感情的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等；3）表示贬义的词语：disgusted感到恶心的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative 否定的，反对的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，忍让的；worried 担忧的等等。本文最后一段通过significant, remarkable, modest以及gentleman这样一些用词，我们可以体会到作者字里行间对Tarkington表现出的一种赞誉之情。‎ C The term "quiet stress” is gathering pace among experts, who say it's an often overlooked form of the more widely known version, which is characterised by visible outbursts: losing tempers, swearing, shouting, and anger.‎ ‎"We quietly hold our stress within: we don't speak up about how we feel. And very importantly, we become inactive. We stay in unhappy relationships and unfulfilling jobs. We feel overwhelmed（被压倒的）, yet ignore important administration tasks. Quiet stress creates a form of emotional paralysis （麻痹）that keeps us ' stuck' in unhappy situations, says Jillian Lavender, who runs the London Meditation Centre.‎ Cary Cooper, a professor of psychology and health at the University of Manchester, likens the effects of quiet stress to shrapnel（榴弹）:“You can learn to quieten your stress responses, but eventually the stress will emerge: as well as a suppressed immune system, you may withdraw socially, isolate yourself and begin to engage in unhealthy habits like comfort eating or drinking too much. Despite getting a bad rap over the years, expressing anger or frustration is far healthier than smiling sweetly while feeling quietly stressed."‎ A recent study from Stanford University in the US backs this theory up. The researchers found that seeing stress as a helpful part of dealing with life's challenges, rather than as something to be avoided, was associated with better health, emotional well being and productivity at work.‎ ‎“Stress isn't always harmful,” said Kelly McGonigal, a business school lecturer at Stanford who worked on the study. "Once you appreciate that going through stress makes you better at it, it can be easier to face each new challenge.”‎ ‎8. Which behavior belongs to “quiet stress” ？‎ A. Reacting slowly. B. Speaking up.‎ C. Smiling sweetly. D. Scolding others.‎ ‎9. What is the best way to relieve from quiet stress according to Cary Cooper?‎ A. Developing a good habit. B. Eating much junk food.‎ C. Finishing tasks on time. D. Making your feelings known.‎ ‎10. According to Paragraph 4 stress is.‎ A. something beneficial sometimes B. something harmful to health C. something to be kept D. something affecting work ‎11. Which of the following statements can describe stress according to the text?‎ A. Silence is gold. B. Life is not easy.‎ C. One coin has two sides. D. Stress is everywhere.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了安静的压力的表现和危害，同时也指出有压力不代表就是坏事，如果你能够克服压力使自己变得更好，那么你就会更从容地面对挑战。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是第二句中的“we don't speak up about how we feel. And very importantly, we become inactive”可知，处于“安静的压力”下的人会不愿意说出自己的感受，变得不活跃，即反应慢。 A项切合题意。故选 A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“expressing anger or frustration is far healthier than smiling sweetly while feeling quietly stressed”可知，当你感受到安静的压力时，表达愤怒或沮丧远比面带微笑要健康得多。由此可推知，表达自己真实的感受才能帮助我们从安静的压力中解脱出来。 故选 D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The researchers found that seeing stress as a helpful part of dealing with life's challenges, rather than as something to be avoided, was associated with better health, emotional well being and productivity at work”可知，有压力不总是坏事，研究发现，当把压力看做是应对生活的挑战的一个有益部分，而不是需要避免的事情时，你就会更健 康、快乐和高效地工作。所以压力有时也是有益的。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章阐述了压力的坏处，但同时指出如果能够把压力看做是应对生活挑战的一个有益部分时，那么压力就是一件好事。C项“任何事情都有正反两面”准确地对压力进行了描述。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。‎ D Fancy a trip down a wormhole? Calculations suggest that this might be possible, because these entrances through space-time could stick around forever.‎ Wormholes are essentially a pair of connected black holes. Two types could theoretically exist. A non-traversable wormhole is like a room with two doors that can be used only from the outside—the doors are black holes through which things can enter, but never escape. “These are not very interesting, as any astronaut who is brave enough to venture in won’t be able to make it back to tell the story,” says Diandian Wang at the University of California.‎ Traversable(能横过的) wormholes are also possible, but until now we didn’t know whether they could exist for long enough for anything to pass through them. For such a wormhole to form, space-time needs to naturally change shape. In classical physics, this can’t happen. But the rules of quantum mechanics(量子力学) allow space-time to do so for brief periods.‎ Wang worked on a scenario(设想) involving string theory, in which the fundamental ingredient of reality is tiny strings. If one of these strings breaks, it can create a traversable wormhole with black hole-like entrances either end that allow both entry and exit.‎ Although researchers had shown that this was a possibility before, it seemed that the energy involved would always break the wormhole.‎ Now, Wang and his team have calculated that the curvature of space-time could counteract this acceleration, keeping the fake black holes still and allowing the throat of the wormhole to remain open. This scenario is extremely unlikely, and becomes even more unlikely, the longer the wormhole is and the larger the black holes are. Thanks to quantum mechanics, though, the probability of it happening isn’t zero. Wang’s team also calculated that, once a traversable wormhole exists, it could remain stable for at least as long as the universe has been around.‎ ‎“The work shows how wormholes could be created from scratch,” says Aron Wall at the University of Cambridge. But he points out that they couldn’t be used to time travel or move faster than light.‎ ‎12. What are wormholes in the text?‎ A. Real worm holes on the earth. B. Tunnels through space and time.‎ C. Rooms with two doors. D. A pair of strings.‎ ‎13. What does “this” refer to in Paragraph 5?‎ A. The wormhole. B. The black hole.‎ C. The scenario. D. The calculation.‎ ‎14. Which theory supports Wang’s scenario?‎ A. String theory. B. Quantum mechanics.‎ C. Classical physics. D. Modern research.‎ ‎15. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Wormholes: A New Possibility for Human Being B. It Is Possible for People to Go Back C. How Amazing It Is to Travel in Space D. A New Space-time Study Is Going on ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是虫洞，以及在什么情况下虫洞会存在。虫洞本质上是一对相连的黑洞，是穿越时空的隧道。加利福尼亚大学的王教授提出了一个涉及弦理论的假设，量子力学理论是其支持性的理论。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Fancy a trip clown a wormhole?(想来趟虫洞之旅吗？)及第二句中的these entrances through space-time(这些穿越时空的入口)可知，虫洞是穿越时空的隧道。故选B项。‎ ‎13题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的Wang worked on a scenario involving string theory(王教授提出一个涉及弦理论的假设)可知，加利福尼亚大学的王教授提出了一个假设。第五段讲述了研究人员证明了该假设的可能性。由此可推知，this指代的应是上文提出的假设。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段This scenario is extremely unlikely, and becomes even more unlikely, the longer the wormhole is and the larger the black holes are. Thanks to quantum mechanics, though, the probability of it happening isn’t ‎ zero.可知，王教授提出的假设极其不可能实现，这个虫洞越长，这个黑洞越大，越不可能。然而，量子力学理论使这个假设的成立出现了可能性。因此，量子力学理论对王教授的假设起到支持作用。故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段Fancy a trip clown a wormhole? Calculations suggest that this might be possible(想来次虫洞之旅吗？运算表明这是可能的)及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是虫洞，以及在什么情况下虫洞会存在。故A项（虫洞：人类的新可能）是最适合本文的标题。故选A项。‎ 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Internet, as we know, is probably one of the greatest inventions of human history. Never before has the access to the collection of the world’s knowledge ever been more available. ___16___ Some people look to make use of the information you are providing to the Internet. Everything you do online leaves a small footprint.‎ There are a couple of steps you can take to make your adventures online a little safer and more secure. Let’s take a look at them.‎ Cover your tracks.‎ Whenever you visit a website, a small file is marked in your browser(浏览器), which is called a “cookie”. ___17___ This enables the webserver to know if you have been there before and it can tailor the presentation to your personal tastes. They are also how Facebook knows to serve you ads based on stuff you looked at on Amazon.‎ So what’s the harm in the cookie? Well, hackers can use the information stored in your cookies to edit a browsing history or with less secure cookies, take your passwords for some sites. If you want to protect yourself from your information being available to sites then you can turn off the generation of cookies in your browser. ___18___‎ ‎___19___‎ The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping(窥探), but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes. ___20___ These are usually addressed very quickly, but it is important that you make sure your browser is up to date. Just like your operating system, new security patches are being applied all the time, you need to make sure you have them. Turning on automatic updates is something I highly ‎ recommend.‎ A. Use the latest browsers.‎ B. Change browsers frequently.‎ C. This will help protect you online.‎ D. That’s how the cookie works on our computer.‎ E. This great invention and resource is not without its dangers.‎ F. It is common for a security problem to pop up with a browser.‎ G. These cookies store information about who you are and what you looked at.‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. F ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们应如何避免上网带来的风险。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文Some people look to make use of the information you are providing to the Internet.可知有些人想要利用你在网上提供的信息。由此可知，互联网这项发明虽然伟大，但是也是存在危险的。故E选项“这项伟大的发明和资源并非没有危险”符合上下文语境。故选E。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文This enables the webserver to know if you have been there before and it can tailor the presentation to your personal tastes. They are also how Facebook knows to serve you ads based on stuff you looked at on Amazon.可知这使web服务器能够知道您是否曾经去过那里，并且它可以根据您的个人喜好定制表示。这也是Facebook知道如何根据你在亚马逊上看到的东西为你提供广告的方式。由此可知，本句作者提出信息记录程序的作用是什么，后文则具体解释了信息记录程序是如何利用用户的信息的。故G选项“这些信息记录程序存储着有关你的身份信息和你所浏览内容的痕迹”符合上下文语境。故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文If you want to protect yourself from your information being available to sites then you can turn off the generation of cookies in your browser.可知，如果你想保护自己的信息不被网站获取，那么你可以关闭浏览器中的信息记录程序。由此可知，本句承接上文说明这一做法的作用是可以让你在上网时有效地保护你的隐私。故C选项“这可以让你在上网时有效地保护你的隐私”符合上下文语境。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping, but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes.可知主流浏览器Chrome、Internet Explorer、Firefox和Safari都是为防止窥探而设计的，但为这些浏览器编写代码的人是人，他们会犯错。由此可知，本段讲述的是使用浏览器的问题，说明为了避免上网带来的风险，应该经常更新浏览器。故A选项“应用最新版本的浏览器”是适合本段的小标题。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文The major browsers, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari are all built to be secure from snooping, but the people who write the code for the browsers are human and they make mistakes.可知主流浏览器Chrome、Internet Explorer、Firefox和Safari都是为防止窥探而设计的，但为这些浏览器编写代码的人是人，他们会犯错。由此可知，这些主要的浏览器都设计成了防窥探模式，但是写编码的都是人，毕竟会犯错误。所以有时候浏览器突然出现安全问题是很常见的。故F选项“浏览器突然出现安全问题是很常见的”符合上下文语境。故选F。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ How do kids behave when there are no grown-ups around? Donette Mabes says you never really know. “Because you're not ___21___ them at that moment," she said.‎ She had always believed her son was good. He never caused ___22___ to her. Recently 13-year-old Gavin got ___23___ on tape, which showed he was better than what his mother had thought.‎ Gavin and his friends arrived at a skate park. The park was ___24___ except for little Carter, who was there with his mother celebrating his fifth birthday.‎ Carter has autism（自闭症）.Big groups of older kids can make him ___25___ so his mom, Kristen, was ___26___ to get him out of there. She didn't ___27___ to see something unpleasant happen.‎ ‎“They really ___28___ me. It was unlike any ___29___ I had ever had,” she said. “You know how middle school kids behave when they're in a ____30____ ? That's exactly what happened there. Gavin ____31____the way and the others followed. ____32____ , he didn't start ____33____He ‎ started a friendship. "‎ They then started singing Happy Birthday to him,” Kristen said. “That really blew me away because you just wanted to see the ____34____ in the world.”‎ ‎“A group of middle school students made ____35____ with a young boy with autism at a New Jersey skate park,” a report said.‎ But here5s the ____36____ part: since their first meeting, Gavin and the middle schoolers have ____37____ to go out of their way to play with Carter. They usually meet at the park.‎ This is a(n) ____38____ moment because the only thing better than seeing your kid ____39____ kindly is knowing your kid is treating others kindly even when you5re not watching. "I am just so ____40____ of him," Donette said.‎ ‎21. A. stopping B. guiding C. correcting D. watching ‎22. A. pity B. fear C. concern D. shame ‎23. A. hurt B. caught C. lost D. cheated ‎24. A. lively B. quiet C. empty D. safe ‎25. A. crazy B. nervous C. angry D. unhealthy ‎26. A. ready B. afraid C. glad D. free ‎27. A. care B. wait C. need D. want ‎28. A. surprised B. interested C. excited D. satisfied ‎29. A. suffering B. introduction C. experience D. conversation ‎30. A. group B. hurry C. game D. row ‎31. A. tried B. led C. showed D. shared ‎32. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However ‎33. A. talk B. discussion C. disagreement D. trouble ‎34. A. happiness B. politeness C. kindness D. thankfulness ‎35. A. friends B. promises C. decisions D. changes ‎36 A‎. next B. best C. rest D. last ‎37. A. prepared B. expected C. learned D. continued ‎38. A. heart-warming B. funny C. common D. important ‎39. A. served B. treated C. comforted D. protected ‎40. A. tired B. fond C. proud D. terrified ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了13岁的 Gavin在没有家长监督的情况下，并没有联合小伙伴们欺负患有自闭症的男孩Carter，而是带领他的伙伴们为 Carter唱《生日快乐》歌，让他开心，Gavin的行为出乎所有人的意料，也让他的妈妈感到很自豪。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你永远不会知道，因为你当时没有看着他们。A. stopping 停止；B. guiding 指导； C. correcting改正；D. watching 观看。根据第一段第一句中的“when there are no grown-ups around ”及最后一段第一句中的“when you’re not watching”可知，父母之所以不知道孩子在大人不在场的情况下会有怎样的表现，是因为在那时大人并没有看着孩子。故选D项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donette Mabes的儿子从来没给她惹过麻烦。A. pity 遗憾；B. fear 恐惧害怕； C. concern担心忧虑；D. shame 羞耻。根据上文“She had always believed her son was good”及语境可推知，Donette Mabes的儿子从来没给她惹过麻烦，没有让她担心过。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近13岁的Gavin被镜头录下来了。A. hurt 使受伤；B. caught 被捕捉到； C. lost 丢失；D. cheated 被欺骗。根据下文中的“on tape”及倒数第三段中的“a report said”可知，Gavin的行为被镜头捕捉了下来。故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公园空荡荡的，只有Carter和他的妈妈在那里给他过五岁生日。 A. lively活泼的；B. quiet 安静的；C. empty 空荡荡的；D. safe 安全的。根据下文中的“except for little Carter, who was there with his mother celebrating his fifth birthday”可知，公园里空荡荡的没有人，只有Carter和他的妈妈。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一群年龄大的孩子在他面前会令他紧张。A. crazy疯狂的； B. nervous 紧张的；C. angry 生气的；D. unhealthy 不健康的。根据上文“Carter has autism(自闭症）”可知，Carter患有自闭症，所以一群年龄大的孩子在他面前会令他紧张。故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kristen准备带Carter离开那里。 A. ready准备的； B. afraid 害怕的；C. glad 高兴的；D. free 自由的。根据上文中的“Big groups of older kids can make him ”及语境可知，因为一群年龄大的孩子会令Kristen患有自闭症的儿子紧张，所以Kristen准备带Carter离开那里。be ready to do意为“准备做某事”。故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kristen不想看到不愉快的事情发生。A. care在意； B. wait 等待；C. need 需要；D. want 想要。根据上文语境可知，Kristen准备带儿子离开。由此可推知，Kristen不想看到不愉快的事情发生。故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们让我感到吃惊，我没有想要他们会那样做。A. surprised使某人吃惊； B. interested 使某人感兴趣；C. excited 使某人感到兴奋；D. satisfied 使某人满意。根据下文“It was unlike any ______ I had ever had”“He started a friendship”及语境可推知，Carter的妈妈感到非常吃惊，没有想到。故选A项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kristen感到非常吃惊，因为这跟她以往的经历不一样。A. suffering痛苦； B. introduction 介绍；C. experience 经历；D. conversation 交谈。根据上文“They really ______ me”及语境可知，Kristen感到非常吃惊，因为这跟她以往的经历不一样。故选C项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kristen说：“当初中生成群结队的时候，你知道他们是怎样表现的吗？” A. group群组； B. hurry 匆忙；C. game 游戏；D. row 一排。根据原文语境可知，这里说的是Gavin和他的同学们在一起成群结队的时候，故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gavin带头，其他人跟着。A. tried尝试； B. led 领路；C. showed 展示；D. shared 分享。根据下文中的“the others followed”可知，Gavin带头，其他人跟着。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Gavin没有制造麻烦，而是建立了友谊。A. therefore因此； B. otherwise不然；C. besides 另外；D. however 然而。根据上文中的“You know how middle school kids behave”及语境可知，此处有转折。Gavin没有制造麻烦，而是建立了友谊。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gavin并没有制造麻烦，而是建立了友谊。A. talk谈话； B. discussion讨论；C. disagreement 争论；D. trouble 麻烦。根据下文“He started a friendship”可知， Gavin并没有制造麻烦，而是建立了友谊。故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kristen感到非常吃惊，因为她看到了世界上的善意。A. happiness 幸福； B. politeness礼貌；C. kindness 善意；D. thankfulness感激。根据语境可知，Gavin和孩子们给Carter唱生日歌让她看到了世界上的善意。故选C项。‎ ‎35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新泽西旱冰公园里，一群中学生和患有自闭症的男孩成了好朋友。A. friends 朋友； B. promises承诺；C. decisions决定；D.changes改变。根据上文“He started a friendship”可知，这些中学生和Carter交了朋友。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最棒的是，Gavin和他的朋友经常去找Carter玩。A. next 接下来的； B. best最好的；C. rest剩下的；D. last最后的。根据下文中的“go out of their way to play with Carter”及语境可推知，这是事情最好的一面。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gavin和他的朋友们还继续和Carter玩。A. prepared 准备； B. expected期望；C. learned学会；D. continued继续。根据下文“They usually meet at the park”可知，自从那之后，Gavin和他的朋友们还继续和Carter玩。故选D项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个暖心的时刻。A. heart-warming 暖心的； B. funny有趣的；C. common普通的；D. important重要的。根据下文中的“because the only thing better than seeing your kid kindly is knowing your kid is treating others kindly”及语境可推知，这是一个暖心的时刻。故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对父母来说，比起看到自己的孩子被友好地对待，更好的是，知道自己的孩子友好地对待别人。A. served 服务； B. treated对待；C. comforted安慰；D. protected保护。根据下文中的“knowing your kid is treating others kindly”可知，对父母来说，更想看到自己的孩子友好地对待别人。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为他感到自豪。A.tired 累的； B. fond喜欢的；C. proud骄傲的；D. terrified害怕的。根据语境可知，知道自己的孩子友好地对待别人让Donette感到非常自豪。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。 我们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第11小题要求判断动词。根据下一句的the others followe，可知Gavin在带头，所以选择B项led。‎ 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ My aunt Carmeleta was the wife of my mother's youngest brother Fred. Although my uncle Fred died many years ago and Aunt Carmeleta is now married to Ken, she ___41___ (consider) my aunt by me.‎ Everyone should have ___42___ wonderful aunt like Aunt Carmeleta. When I was a teenager, I lived with them for 2 years. Like a lot of teenagers, I had problems with people who talked ___43___( negative) about me. If you have ever had this happen, you'll understand how ___44___ (pain) it is.‎ I'd talk to Aunt Carmeleta about these hurtful ___45___(thing) and she would always say, "Just be yourself. " This was great advice! In fact, it's been some of the best advice ___46___( receive) since I could remember. I learned not everyone is going ___47___(like) you and that's okay. Just be yourself.‎ When my husband Bill met Aunt Carmeleta ___48___ the first time, he questioned, " How could anyone be so nice and so real?" But he has found out the ___49___(true) through the years. I've never forgotten Aunt Carmeleta's advice "Just be yourself." We need more people in this world ____50____ give great advice and are kind and caring like Aunt Carmeleta.‎ ‎【答案】41. is considered ‎ ‎42. a 43. negatively ‎ ‎44. painful ‎ ‎45. things 46. received ‎ ‎47. to like ‎ ‎48. for 49. truth ‎ ‎50. who/that ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述在作者对于自己的舅妈Carmeleta的怀念，她对自己的忠告一直影响着作者。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：虽然我的舅舅弗雷德多年前就去世了，现在卡梅莱塔舅妈嫁给了肯，但我仍然认为她是我的舅妈。分析句子结构可知，主语she与动词 consider之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据上文中的 is可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is considered 。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：每个人都应该有一个像卡梅莱塔舅妈那样的好舅妈。此处泛指一位极好的舅妈，且wonderful是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：像许多青少年一样，我很难与那些说我坏话的玩伴或同学相处。此处修饰动词talked，应用副词，在句中作方式状语。故填negatively。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：如果你曾经遇到过这种情况，你就会明白这有多痛苦。此处被how修饰，且在句中作表语，应用pain形容词形式。故填painful。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词的单复数。句意：我和卡梅莱塔舅妈谈起这些伤人的事情，她总是说: “做你自己就好。”these后应接名词的复数形式。故填things 。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，这是我记忆中得到的最好的建议。分析句子结构可知，advice与动词 receive之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填received。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：我明白了不是每个人都会喜欢你，没关系。固定搭配be going to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。故填to like。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：当我的丈夫比尔第一次见到卡梅莱塔舅妈时，他问道: “怎么会有人这么好，这么真实? ”固定搭配for the first time意为“首次”。故填for。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：但是这些年来他已经发现了真相。根据定冠词the可知，此处应用名词作 found out的宾语。故填 truth。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：在这个世界上，我们需要更多像卡梅莱塔舅妈那样能给我们好的建议、善良和有爱心的人。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是people，且从句中缺少主语，应用who 或that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。‎ 第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处 语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Growing up in Jamaica, Luis didn't know about basketball until he arrived in the US at the age of twelfth. At his new school in the new country, he showed no interest in play basketball at all. One day, he met the boy named Tom at his school, but soon they became good friends. Tom was fond of playing basketball and ask Luis to do that with him. At first Luis wasn't interesting. But he finally decided to give it a try after he watched Tom to play several time. As soon as he started playing, he found it was actually fun. Now he plays the sport regular.‎ ‎【答案】1. twelfth → twelve ‎2. play → playing ‎3. the → a ‎4. but → and ‎5. ask → asked ‎6. interesting → interested ‎7. Tom之后的to去掉 ‎8. playing后加it ‎9 time → times ‎10. regular → regularly ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了出生在牙买加的路易斯在学校里遇见小男孩汤姆，并在其带领下爱上篮球的故事。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查固定搭配。“在……的年龄/岁数”应为at the age of+基数词，故将twelfth改为twelve。‎ ‎2. 考查动名词。介词in后接宾语（名词），使用现在分词短语作动名词，故将play改为playing。‎ ‎3. 考查冠词。此处小男孩在文中第一次出现，应为泛指而非特指，故将the改为a。‎ ‎4. 考查连词。“他在学校里遇到了一个叫汤姆的小男孩”和“很快他们成为了要好的朋友”两者构成顺承关系而不构成转折关系，故将but改为and。‎ ‎5. 考查时态。此处讲述的是过去发生的故事，应使用一般过去时，且and前后连接的两个谓语需保持时态一致，前半句的was具有提示作用，故将ask改为asked。‎ ‎6. 考查过去分词。表达人的主观感受应使用过去分词，如“对……感兴趣”应使用interested，故将interesting改为interested。‎ ‎7. 考查固定搭配。名词watch的固定搭配为watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事（表示全过程），故应将to去掉。‎ ‎8. 考查动宾结构。play为及物动词，后需接宾语，此处应使用it代指basketball（篮球），故在play后加it。‎ ‎9. 考查名词。表示次数时，time为可数名词，如“几次”应表达为several times，故将time改为times。‎ ‎10. 考查副词。在句子中，修饰谓语动词（plays）应使用副词，故将regular改为regularly。‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，为了弘扬中华传统礼乐文化，传承古代礼仪仪式和歌舞音乐，你们城市将举办第七届中华礼乐大会（The 7th Chinese Ritual Music Conference），你打算邀请外教Flora 和你一起参加。请给Flora写一封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1.具体信息；‎ ‎2.邀请理由；‎ ‎3.期待答复。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Flora,‎ How is everything going? There will be the 7th Chinese Ritual Music Conference in the Yellow Crane Tower Park in our city next Sunday morning. I know you are interested in it, so I am wondering if you’d like to attend it with me.‎ There are Chinese classical music, the Tang Dynasty ritual performances and grand Hanfu show. I firmly believe that you will love it. What is more, you can even get a chance to have a suit of Hanfu on!‎ I would appreciate it if you could tell me your decision as soon as possible so that I could make a further plan.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作，要求给外教Flora写一封信，邀请他参加第七届中华礼乐大会，属于书信写作中的邀请信写作范畴。‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达要求写一封邀请信件，层次结构较为清晰，难度适中。写作时有以下注意点：‎ ‎（1）人称与时态：‎ 根据题目要求可知，人称应以第一人称为主，时态应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。‎ ‎（2）主要内容：‎ 主要内容应包括三点：一是礼乐大会的时间、地点和内容等信息，学生可以借助已知的历史和文化知识发挥想象，增加细节；二是邀请的理由，Flora对中国传统礼乐文化很感兴趣或者是正在学习中国传统礼乐文化等；三是期待答复，非常希望Flora能来参加第七届中华礼乐大会，期待尽快答复。‎ ‎（3）注意衔接：‎ 应适当使用衔接词和从句等句式，确保文章内容过渡自然流畅，层次分明。从句的使用可以增加文章句式多样性，成为亮点。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，结构清晰，层次分明，详略得当且语言简练。文章共分三段写作，使用了一些出彩的词汇短语和高级句式，classical, performance, dancing, musical instruments, write to…, be interested in, look forward to, as soon as possible, make a further plan . if 引导的宾语从句I know you are interested in it, so I am wondering if you’d like to attend it with me.it做形式主语和so that 引导的目的状语从句I would appreciate it if you could tell me your decision as soon as possible so that I could make a further plan.等。为作文增添了色彩，彰显作者对英语良好的驾驭能力。‎