【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十四（15页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十四（15页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十四 ‎[一]‎ Animals do amazing things. Birds travel long distances. Whales communicate across vast oceans. Honeybees remember familiar flowers. Crows can turn sticks into tools. Elephants can imitate sounds. Monkeys do simple math. Can animals also warn us if a natural disaster is about to strike?‎ A few days before the Asian tsunami which happened several years ago, a person watched thousands of ants rush away from the beach into the forest. According to other accounts, elephants screamed and ran to higher ground as many as 10 days before the disaster struck. Dogs refused to go outside.‎ Despite decades of research, scientists don’t know how to predict earthquakes and tsunamis. Maybe animals can do better. Some people say that animals have a special kind of power for sensing the future. They call it a “sixth sense”, above and beyond the five senses we normally talk about — taste, smell, touch, sight, and hearing. “The scientific evidence for an animal’s sixth sense, however, is slim,” says John Caprio, a neurobiologist at Louisiana State University. “If reports about animals escaping from danger are actually true,” Caprio says, “the animals must be responding to real senses, rather than using some mysterious type of sense.” ‎ ‎“When it comes to sensing earthquakes and tsunamis, feeling the shakes they create in the earth is probably the key,” says Joel Greenspan, a colleague of John, “Animals are always in direct contact with the ground,” Greenspan says. “We don’t do that any more. We have shoes and clothes. We pay attention to other people, sights, and sounds.” That way, if an animal is standing or lying around, it can sense the footsteps of its enemy coming its way. Perhaps the animals in Asia mistook the earthquake and the tsunami for a monster coming to eat them. In response, they ran in the opposite direction and ended up saving themselves.‎ Even though scientists are far from knowing everything about why animals behave the way they do, most scientists are sure there must be reasonable explanations.‎ ‎28. What did animals do before the Asian tsunami?‎ A. They refused to move long distances.‎ B. They didn’t communicate with each other.‎ C. The elephants ran to higher ground in advance.‎ D. They all rushed away from the beach into the forest.‎ ‎29. Why can’t we humans feel as animals do, according to Joel Greenspan?‎ A. We don’t lie down until night. ‎ B. We don’t have the sixth sense.‎ C. We aren’t in direct contact with the ground .‎ D. We don’t believe the existence of monsters.‎ ‎30. According to Joel Greenspan, how did elephants sense the coming of the tsunami?‎ A. They saw the tsunami first. ‎ B. They could feel the shaking in the earth.‎ C. They were using a mysterious type of sense. ‎ D. They have the sixth sense that humans don’t have.‎ ‎31. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Animals, Sense of Danger B. The Amazing Animal World C. The Great Effect of Tsunamis D. The Discovery of Sixth Sense 参考答案：28—31 CCBA ‎[二]‎ You might make a disgusted face when you notice that the person waiting in their car at the red light next to you is picking their nose, but admit it, you do it too. And while it might be the natural option when there isn't a box of tissues around, it can be bad for you. The main reasons people feel the need to pick their nose is to clear it of dried liquid, stop an itch（痒）,or just because it feels good. Boogers（鼻屎） form when dried liquid and cilia, the tiny hairs that line the nostrils（鼻孔）,trap the dust, dirt, and other things. When boogers build up in your nose, it can be uncomfortable, and sometimes just blowing into a tissue（纸巾） doesn't do the trick.‎ Otolaryngologist Erich P. Voigt, MD, told Business Insider that picking your nose cancauseinjuriesandbleedingwithinyournostrils.That'snotterriblydamaging,but when the bacteria from your hands get into your body, it can cause ‎ a cold and flu. So doctors strongly suggest not picking the nose.‎ If dry winter air is causing the dirty liquid to harden in your nostrils, making you want to pick, consider damping the air at home, or taking a steam shower to soften things up in there.‎ Children, who are most famous for having a finger up their nose, sometimes don't realize how much injury they're causing, and sometimes it. can lead to nose bleeds.‎ So, next time you go to pick your nose, think about how many bacteria are on your hands and in your boogers, and maybe reach for a tissue instead. Even if you 're alone, and not waiting for the light to turn green, please, use a tissue.‎ ‎32.Why do people pick their nose?‎ A. Because they want to disgust others. ‎ B. Because they have the need to do it. ‎ C. Because they have nothing else to do. ‎ D. Because they don't have tissues around.‎ ‎33.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpart"dothetrick"inParagraph ‎1?‎ ‎ A. act B. stop C. play D. help ‎34.Which can help people avoid a cold and flu according to the text?‎ ‎ A. Stopping nose picking. B. Using tissues regularly.‎ ‎ C. Taking a shower every day. D. Keeping the air wet at home.‎ ‎35. What should you do when you have to pick your nose? ‎ A. Be careful not to cause bleeding.‎ B. Use a tissue instead of bare fingers.‎ C. Wait for the light to turn red if you are driving.‎ D. Wash up your hands and clear your fingernails. ‎ 参考答案：32-35 BDAB ‎[三]‎ Electronic devices can seem like a “third party" in some relationships because some partners spend more time on them than with each other.‎ When Amanda Gao, a 26-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing, went to a hotpot restaurant with her boyfriend on Friday night several weeks ago, she expected that they would have a good time together. To her disappointment, however,it did notturn out that way later. As soon as they were led to their seats and she began to order dishes, he buried himself in his mobile phone ‎“It seemed that his phone was making its way between us. A date that should have belonged to us turned into one where my boyfriend dated a third party and I felt left out. " Gao said. some people, like her, have found that electronics have been sabotaging(破坏) their romantic relationships.‎ A study, published in the journal Psychology of Popular Media Culture in April 2017, questioned nearly 200 college aged adults who were in committed relationships to report on their and their partner’s smartphone dependency. The results showed peoplewhoweremoredependentontheirphoneswerelesssureabouttheirrelationships, and people who considered their partners excessively (过度地) dependent on their devices were less satisfied in their relationship.‎ Lin Yuan, a relationship advisor in Beijing, noted that as more and more electronics come out and spice up people’s lives, they are at the same timebecoming a third party in relationships, especially for young ‎ people.‎ Lin said she knew of some people who suggest that electronics should be kept out of bedrooms, which she considered challenging and hard to be put into practice for most couples. She recommended that if people are feeling neglected in their relationship, they need to respectfully let their partners know their feeling. “Communication is always the best and the most efficient way,” she said.‎ 28. What is Gao’s feeling when entering the restaurant with her boyfriend?‎ A. Disappointed B. Expectant C. Annoyed D. Uneasy 29. Which of the following may Lin Yuan agree with?‎ A. Gao’s boyfriend is addicted to playing games B. Most couples can keep electronics out of bedrooms C. Partners should communicate more to understand each other better D. Couples should stop using electronics to avoid the problem mentioned above 30. Why was the case of Amanda Gao mentioned?‎ A. To explain who the “third party” is B. To stress the importance of electronic devices C. To encourage advisors to talk about the case D. To introduce the phenomena of excessively depending on electronics 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? ‎ A. Are devices killing romance?‎ B. How to beat smartphone C. The romantic story of Miss Gao D. The relationship between man and smart phone 参考答案：28-31 BCDA ‎ ‎[四]‎ Millions of Americans return from longdistance trips by air，but their luggage doesn’t always come home with them. Airline identification tags(标签) can come loose，and the bags go whoknowswhere. And passengers leave all kinds of things on planes.‎ The airlines collect the items and，for 90 days，attempt to find their owners. They don’t keep them，since they’re not in the warehouse business. And by law，they cannot sell the bags，because the airlines might be tempted to deliberately misplace luggage.‎ So once insurance companies have paid for lost bags and their contents，and they no longer belong to passengers，a unique store in the little town of Scottsboro，Alabama，buys them. The “Unclaimed Baggage Center”，is so popular that the building，which is set up like a department store，is the numberone tourist attraction in all of Alabama. More than one million visitors stop in each year and take one of the store’s shopping carts on a hunt for treasures.‎ Each day，clerks bring out 7,000 new items，and veteran(老练的)shoppers rush to paw over them. You can find everything from precious jewels to hockey sticks，bestselling novels，leather jackets，tape recorders，surfboards，even halfused tubes of toothpaste.‎ The store’s own laundry washes or cleans all the clothes found in luggage，then sells them. The Unclaimed Baggage Center has found guns，illegal drugs and even a live rattlesnake.‎ The store has a little museum where some of its most unusual acquisitions(获得物) have been preserved. They include highland bagpipes，a burial mask from an Egyptian pharaoh’s tomb，and a medieval suit of armor.‎ Statistics indicate that less than onehalf of one percent of luggage checked on U．S. carriers is permanently lost and available to the ‎ store.‎ ‎12．Paragraph 1 shows that many passengers lose their luggage because .‎ A．they are forgetful B．they are in a hurry C．there is no lost and found office in many airports D．the owners of some luggage can’t be identified ‎13．The reason why the airlines cannot sell the bags is that .‎ A．they have to find the owners B．they are likely to make a profit on the bags on purpose C．some bags are expensive D．they have to keep the bags as long as possible ‎14．The Unclaimed Baggage Center is very popular because .‎ A．there’s a large variety of goods B．all the things there are very cheap C．visitors may purchase something undervalued D．visitors will enjoy some amusing activities there ‎15．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．A little museum will keep all the precious unclaimed baggage.‎ B．The percentage of passengers who lose their baggage for ever is small.‎ C．The things in the Unclaimed Baggage Center are articles for daily use.‎ D．People are not allowed to buy the illegal things in the store.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎12--15:DBCB ‎ [五]‎ Dogs， unlike people， are capable of pure love﹣at least according to Freud． As more Americans live alone， unconditional affection is in demand． Pet ownership has risen for decades． More than a third of homes have at least one dog， according to the American Veterinary Medical ‎ Association．‎ But the popularity of four﹣legged friends has an unpleasant cost： dogs squeeze out more than twice the waste of the average person， or around 275 pounds a year． With over 83，000，000 dogs running around the country， that is a lot of waste．‎ Around 60% of the stuff gets collected and trucked to landfills， where it releases methane， a greenhouse gas． The rest delivers surprises to pedestrians and can pollute waterways．‎ The problem is particularly bad in cities， where green spaces are few and lonely souls seeking puppy love plentiful． There are over 600，000 dogs in New York﹣one for every 14 people﹣generating over 100，000 tons of turd （粪便） a year．‎ This is a missed opportunity， says Ron Gonen， the city's former recycling tsar（掌权者）．Now in the private sector， he is trying to launch "Sparky Power"， a programme to transform dog waste into clean energy in the city's dog parks．‎ The idea is to fit parks with small anacrobic digesters（厌氧分解池）． Dog owners would place their dogs' turd into the machine， which then turns turd into gas for powering lamps and other park equipment． A year﹣long pilot would introduce digesters in three parks at a cost of around $ 100，000，000． The parks department is thinking about the proposal．‎ Similar schemes in other cities have proved short﹣lived． An underground Energy Transformation Using Reactive Digestion （E﹣ TURD） device created by Arizona State University students for a dog park in Gilbert， Arizona， in 2012 finally failed．‎ ‎"It's great to turn it into a biofuel， but first you gotta pick it up，" says Tom Boyd， an entrepreneur in Tennessee． His company， Poo Prints， shames the owners of dogs who fail to clean up their messes by testing DNA in uncollected turd．‎ ‎32． What does the underlined part "The problem" in Paragraph 4 refer to？　 　‎ A． Lots of people feel lonely． ‎ B． Pet dogs produce a lot of waste．‎ C． There are very limited green spaces． ‎ D． The greenhouse effect is getting serious．‎ ‎33． What do we know about the programme "Sparky Power"？　 　‎ A． It is about recycling household waste． ‎ B． It is operated by the local government．‎ C． It aims to produce power from dog waste． ‎ D． It aims to clean parks with renewable energy．‎ ‎34． So far the programme "Sparky Power"　 　．‎ A． has just started B． is a great success C． has ended in failure D． is still under consideration ‎35． What is the purpose of the company Poo Prints？　 　‎ A． To make good use of dog waste． ‎ B． To help people look for their dogs．‎ C． To reduce the number of dog owners． ‎ D． To push people to pick up their dogs' waste 参考答案：32--35.BCCD ‎[六]‎ The number of buses, taxis and other vehicles on Kenya’s roads is growing every day. Now, the country’s first electric-powered motorbikes are coming onto the market. The bike is designed to cut down on pollution and aimed at low-income communities. Most motorbikes used in Kenya depend on gasoline, but not this new motorbike.‎ Three university students developed the new ecotran bike. It catches the sun’s energy, stores it in batteries and uses it to charge (充电) the electric motor. Robert Achoge is one of the student inventors. “Our hope is that by the fifth year, we will be able to cover the whole of Kenya with the electric motorcycle so as to protect the environment and provide affordable transport.”‎ The students have set up a charging station for the motorbikes in Nairobi. The small battery can run for 70 kilometers when fully charged. Once the power is used up, the motorbike has to return to the station while another charged battery is connected to the bike. The U.S. African Development Foundation (ADF) is helping set up two solar-powered charging stations in the port of Kisumu.‎ Each ecotran bike costs about $700. One taxi operator says the new motorbike costs less to operate than that running on traditional gasoline. “When it comes to buying gasoline, there’s no need. It’s basically good for various things. As long as you won’t take quite a heavy load (装载), you can go with it anywhere. Otherwise, it may break down halfway. But now people still have a preference to the gas-powered bikes.”‎ A Nairobi businessman Kennedy Kusimba is selling the ecotran bikes. He hopes they will become popular. “We also know they are more reliable compared to the gas-powered bikes. They are more efficient (效率高的) and ‎ they will last longer.”‎ ‎24. What has happened to the vehicles in Kenya?‎ A. A new kind of motorbike is hitting the road. ‎ B. Motorbikes are not allowed on the road.‎ C. There are fewer buses and taxis in the street.‎ D. Traditional motorbikes don’t need gasoline any more.‎ ‎25. What do we know about the ecotran bike?‎ A. It was developed by the ADF. B. It can charge itself while running.‎ C. Its energy comes from the sunlight. D. It does more harm to the environment.‎ ‎26. What do people think of the ecotran bike?‎ A. It is much more expensive than a traditional motorbike.‎ B. It is a good choice for the long-distance journey.‎ C. It will take the place of gas-powered bikes soon. ‎ D. It’s better not to use it to carry too much.‎ ‎27. Where does the text probably come from?‎ A. A research plan. B. A science magazine. C. A business report. D. An advertisement.‎ 参考答案： 24-27 ACDB ‎ [七]‎ Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and even of books—especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy ‘proper’ books, too, printed on good paper and bound between hard covers.‎ There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charing Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being ‘the biggest ‎ bookshop in the world’ to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize — in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy(哲学), politics or any other of the myriad subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes solely in books about ballet.‎ Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charing Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand volumes, the collector must venture(冒险) off the beaten path, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so grand as bookshops. Instead, the booksellers come along each morning and tip out their sacks of books on to small barrows(手推车) which line the gutters(贫民区). And the collectors, some professional and some amateur(业余爱好者)have been waiting for them. In places like this one can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old volume that may be worth many pounds.‎ ‎28. According to the passage, we can infer that __________.‎ A. Londoners like borrowing books from libraries B. Londoners like buying books, magazines and newspapers ‎ C. Londoners like reading books in libraries D. Londoners don't like buying ‘proper’ books.‎ ‎29. Charing Cross Road which is well-known for ________ lies in the __________ of London.‎ A. bookstores, East Central district B. publishing houses, downtown ‎ C. Bookshops, center D. libraries, countryside ‎30. The underlined word “solely” in the second paragraph means__________.‎ A. wholly B. partly C. jointly D. seldom ‎31. The third paragraph mainly tells us _________in London.‎ A. where to buy the dear new books ‎ B. where to buy the cheap new books C. where to buy the cheap second-hand books D. where to buy the dear second-hand books 参考答案：28-31 BCAC ‎[八]‎ Megan McDonald is the writer of the popular Judy Moody and Stink books. McDonald, the youngest of five girls, grew up in a suburb outside of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. I talked with her for our magazine recently. Here are some questions I asked and her answers to them.‎ Q: What was the inspiration for your characters Judy Moody and Stink?‎ A: My original inspiration came from growing up with so many sisters.‎ We grew up in a family of readers and storytellers. I had all these funny stories about my sisters that I wanted to tell. The first Judy Moody book probably has the most stories that came from my childhood. After that, Judy and Stink really took on a life of their own. Everyone knows a “Judy Moody” in his/her life.‎ Q: Who are some of your favorite authors and what are some of your favorite books?‎ A: Beverly Cleary with the Ramona books. Harriet The Spy by Louise Fitzhugh was also a really important book for me growing up. And now, I would say that one of my most favorite authors is Katherine Paterson. I love her book called The Great Gilly Hopkins. Gilly is so individual, strong-minded and willful. She’s not always perfect. Judy Moody was sort of inspired by that character. I love that book.‎ Q: What advice do you have for kids who want to write books?‎ A: It’s really simple. I think the best thing anybody — a kid or an adult — can do if he/she wants to write is to read. I feel really ‎ strongly about that because I think reading is not only what inspires us, but it’s a way that we learn languages, and it’s a way that we learn how stories work with beginnings, middles, and ends. For me, it all begins with reading.‎ ‎32. According to Megan McDonald, growing up with so many sisters .‎ A. kept her from reading B. wasn’t a very good experience C. made her different from other girls D. helped her write books in later life ‎33. The underlined sentence means Judy and Stink .‎ A. became popular with readers B.developed no longer based on McDonald’s childhood C. were just ordinary people in our lives D. wanted to become independent ‎34. McDonald’s last answer mainly shows reading is .‎ A. simple B. important C. private D. basic ‎35. Who talked with Megan McDonald in the text?‎ A. A journalist B. A TV reporter. C. A fan. D. A teacher. ‎ 参考答案：32-35 DBBA ‎[九]‎ China’s hot word, tuhao, may be in Oxford English Dictionary.‎ In Chinese, tu means rude and hao means rich. In recent years, people use this term to describe those who spend money in an unreasonable way. The word became more popular with Apple’s gold-colored iPhone, which is loved by China’s rich people. The color became known as “tuhao golden”. The word is now often used to refer to people who have money but lack taste.‎ There are two other Chinese hot words: dama and No Zuo No Die, which may also be taken in the dictionary. Dama, meaning middle-aged women, was first used in the Western media by the Wall Street Journal. Thousands of Chinese women were buying a large amount of gold when the gold price had gone down. Another phrase No Zuo No Die, meaning if you don’t do stupid things, they won’t come back to bite you, is also very popular. Other words, such as Maotai, Chinglish and dim sum have also been included in the dictionary.‎ BBC World News recently made a special program called “Tuhao, let’s be friends!” “The frequent use of Chinglish by foreign media suggests that foreign people are looking more to the lifestyle and popular culture of China,” says Zhang Yiwu, professor of Beijing University.‎ What does this trend suggest about the Chinese language’s influence?‎ Xing Hongbing, a professor from Beijing Language and Culture University (BLCU) said “These show that Chinglish is now being accepted by the rest of the world and they play important roles in daily life of Chinese. Behind these Chinglish words and phrases are the Chinese culture. They are reflections of the changes and trends in the Chinese society and they help people from other countries to understand what’s happening in China.”‎ ‎29. Which of the following words is NOT a hot Chinglish word?‎ A. Dama B. Karaoke C. Tuhao D. Dim sum ‎30. The word “dama” becomes so popular because ________.‎ A. they are wealthy middle-aged women B. they bought gold crazily when the price was down C. they made the gold price up D. they worked on the Wall Street ‎31. What does the frequent use of Chinglish by foreign media suggest?‎ A. Foreigners want to know more about the lifestyle and culture of China.‎ B. Foreign people found it funny.‎ C. Chinese is one of the most important languages in the world.‎ D. Chinese people are very friendly. ‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎ 29.B 30.B 31A ‎ ‎[十]‎ Philo Farnsworth is not a name most people know. But his work changed the way we learn, the way we live, and even the way we think. Philo Farnsworth is responsible for one of the most important inventions of the 20th century: television.‎ Philo Farnsworth was born in America in 1906. He was interested in science and technology at an early age. When he was twelve years old, he built an electric motor for his family’s washing machine. When he was fourteen, he was already giving a lot of thought to electrons (电子). As he was driving the family’s horse-drawn plowing machine, he noticed the evenly spaced rows of the potato fields. This sight gave him the idea that electrons could scan (扫描) an image one row at a time — an idea that was the key to electronic television.‎ By the time he was twenty-one years old, Farnsworth had started his own company and had managed to build the world’s first electronic television. It was a very simple device (设备). But after years of hard work, Farnsworth was able to introduce the kind of television we now use.‎ Farnsworth was a great inventor, but he lived an unhappy life. He had a legal battle with the company, Radio Corporation of America (RCA) over who the real inventor of the TV was. He won the case, but the government stopped companies from making TVs during the war, so Farnsworth didn’t make much money from the invention.‎ When Farnsworth was young, he imagined television as a convenient way for distant audiences to enjoy lectures by famous professors, or entertainment by the best symphonies (交响乐) and ballets. When he was older, television became much more popular, but he was very disappointed in the silly programs on TV. He even told his own son, “There’s nothing on it worthwhile, and we’re not going to watch it in this household.”‎ ‎24. What can we learn about Philo Farnsworth?‎ A. He had a strong physical advantage.‎ B. He had strong powers of observation.‎ C. He had a strong interest in journalism.‎ D. He had a strong sense of responsibility.‎ ‎25. The underlined sentence showed Farnsworth was legally recognized as _____.‎ A. the real founder of RCA B. the real inventor of the TV C. the greatest inventor of his time D. the organizer of the battle with RCA ‎26. The last paragraph mainly tells us that Farnsworth _____.‎ A. didn’t like to watch TV programs B. couldn’t afford to buy a TV set C. couldn’t listen to famous lectures D. didn’t like what television became ‎27. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. How did Philo Farnsworth invent television?‎ B. What caused Philo Farnsworth to invent television?‎ C. Philo Farnsworth: the unhappy father of television D. Philo Farnsworth: a well-known scientist and inventor 参考答案：24—27 BB DC