2019届二轮复习语法专题动词的时态课件(共70张PPT)

2019届二轮复习语法专题动词的时态课件(共70张PPT)

2019 届二轮语法专题 P6 VerbⅡ—Tenses Do the exercise individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1-5 have got ; feeling ; seemed ; got ; is 6-10 a re ; would cost ; has done ; would call ; will try 动词的时态 不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种 表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式 称作 动词时态 。 下面着重复习课标要求掌握的十种时态。 ①一般现在时 ②一般过去时 ③一般将来时 ④现在进行时 ⑤过去进行时 ⑥将来进行时 ⑦现在完成时 ⑧过去完成时 ⑨过去将来时 ⑩现在完成进行时 1. All we need ______ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year. 2. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ (bother) us. 3. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ (be) essential to their development. 考点题例一 bothers is is 构成： ①肯定句 : 主语 + am/is/are+ 表语 . 主语 + 实义动词 (+ 其它 ). ② 否定句 : 主语 + am/is/are +not+ 表语 . 主语 +don’t (doesn’t) + 实义 动词原形 (+ 其它 ). ③ 疑问句 : Am/Is/Are+ 主语 + 表语 ? Do (Does)+ 主语 + 实义动词原形 (+ 其它 ) ? The present simple tense 一般现在时 考点梳理 用法： ① The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 ② Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 ③ Tomorrow is Monday. 明天星期一。 1) 表示不随时间的变化而变化的事实、真理、格言、警句等。 ① Class begins at eight every morning . 每天早晨八点钟开始上课。 ② He always works at night. 他经常在晚上工作。 2) 表示目前，现在经常发生的动作、习惯，或存在的状态。常与下列表示次数的频率副词连用： often, usually, always, sometimes, seldom, every day (week, year, night), once a week 等。 3) 表示“预定”或是“安排好”要发生的，不会轻易改变的未来动作，事情。常用于此类用法的动词有： come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be, finish, continue, start, begin 等。 ① The plane arrives at 8 o’clock. 飞机八点到。 ② School begins on March 5. 三月五日开学。 4) 用于戏剧、电影等的剧本解说，体育比赛及其他活动现场解说或图片的说明等。 ① He passes the ball to John. 他把球传给约翰。 ② There are five people in the picture. 在这幅画中有五个人。 5) 在表时间和条件的状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。 ① We will have an exam when we finish the textbook . 我们学完课本后将会进行一次测试。 ② I will tell him that as soon as I see him . 我一见到他就会告诉他那件事。 ③ We have to wait here before he comes . 在他回来前，我们不得不等。 常见引导 时间状语从句 的词汇有： when, while, whenever, before, after, till, until, by the time, as soon as . 常见引导 条件状语从句 的词汇有： if, unless, as long as, so long as, in case (that), provided (that) . 1. “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step ________ (show).” 2. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _______ (keep) some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. 3. Of all my teachers, Mr Moore is the one who impress me most. _________ 举一反三 shows keeps impresses 1. The real reason why prices ________ (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. 2. I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ________ (ask), “What do you wish me to do now?” 3. — Is Peter coming? — No, he ________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 考点题例二 were asked changed 构成 : Tom came to China last year . He was a student 3 years ago . They were all at home yesterday . 1. 谓语为一般动词时 : 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 2. 谓语为 be 动词时 : 主语 + be (was, were) + 其他 The past simple tense 一般过去时 考点梳理 常见时间状语： yesterday, the day before yesterday, in the past, last night/week/ month/year…, hour/days/… ago. What did you say ? 你说什么？ Pardon? I didn’t catch it. 你能重复一遍吗？我没听清。 有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的，应当用过去时。 1. — Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been? — I went to Ningxia and _______ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. 2. I felt very tired when I got home, and I _______ (go) straight to bed. 3. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers ________ (swim) before my eyes. 举一反三 stayed went swam 4. The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he ________ (start). 5. The three of us _______ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer. 6. But as I grow up, I gradually started to become self-centered last year. _________ 7. She told me she slips and fell due to heart trouble. _________ 举一反三 started traveled slipped grew up 1. — Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. — All right. I _______ (call) him later. 2. As you go through this book, you ________ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World WarⅡ had a different experience. 3. — What time is it? — I have no idea. But just a minute, I _______ (check) it for you. 考点题例三 will call will find will check 构成： 肯定句：主语 + will / shall + 动词原形 否定句：主语 + will / shall not + 动词原形 疑问句： Will / Shall + 主语 + 动词原形 ……? Yes, 主语 + will / shall . No, 主语 + will not (won’t) / shall not (shan’t) . We usually use will . We only use shall with I or we , and this usage is becoming old-fashioned. The future simple tense 一般将来时 考点梳理 We ’re to meet at 4:00 this afternoon. The shop is to open in May. 2) be about to do : 表示即将发生的动作。 ( 一般不与时间状语连用，但可与 when 从句连用 ) The meeting is about to begin. 3) be to do : 表示约定、计划、安排要做的事。 Jim is going to buy a new coat this winter. Look at the dark clouds, it ’s going to rain. 1) be going to : 有迹象表明要发生；事先计划，考虑，安排要做的事。 其他常用表达： 1. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ (see) the door of faith open before you. 2. — What do you want for breakfast, Joe? — I think I _______ (have) some bread and milk. 3. The project _______ (contribute) to developing the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed. 举一反三 will see will have will contribute 1. Hurry up! Mark and Carol ___________ (expect) us. 2. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ___________ (repair) one of the main pipes. 3. Hurry up, kids! The school bus _________ (wait) for us! 考点题例四 are expecting are repairing is waiting 构成： ① 肯定句 : 主语 +am/is/are+v-ing ② 否定句 : 主语 +am/is/are+not+v-ing ③ 疑问句 : Am/Is/Are+ 主语 +v-ing The present continuous tense 现在进行时 考点梳理 1) 与 always, all the time, constantly, forever 等连用，表示说话人责备，厌恶， 赞赏等感情，相当于“老是”。 Jim is always coming late to class. 2) 表示主语最近计划或按安排将要做的事，能这样使用的动词有 go, come, leave, arrive, stay, begin, see, meet, start 等。 He is meeting the manager tomorrow. 用法： He  is sleeping   in the next room now. 他现在是在隔壁房间睡了。 （不在原来房间睡了） The professor  is typing  his own letters  while his secretary is ill. 教授在秘书生病时自己打印信件。 （秘书暂时生病了） Where   is  he  working ? 他现在在哪里工作？ （可能刚换工作） 现在进行时用来代替一般现在时，还可以用来 强调情况的暂时性 。 1. — Hi, let’s go skating. — Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ________ (fill) in an application form for a new job. 2. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ (play) the piano upstairs? 3. I live in London and I’m look forward to the next holiday. 举一反三 am filling is playing looking 1. Jack ________ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 2. He must have sensed that I _______ (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that?” 3. I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I __________ (fly) to Shanghai. 考点题例五 was working was looking will be flying 过去进行时 & 将来进行时 构成 : 肯定句 : 主语 + was/were +V-ing 否定句 : 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t +V-ing 疑问句 : Was/Were + 主语 + V-ing ? Yes, 主语 +was/were. No, 主语 +wasn’t/weren’t. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作，常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。 The past continuous tense 过去进行时 考点梳理 1) 过去进行时表示 过去某一时刻 正在进行的动作， 常和表过去的时间状语连用，如 : at this time yesterday/ at 9:00 last night 等。 What were you doing at this time yesterday ? 昨天这个时候你正在做什么？ 2) 表示 过去一段时间内 一直 进行的动作。 We were watching TV from seven to nine last night . 我们昨晚从七点到九点一直在看电视。 用法： 过去进行时与 always, constantly, frequently 等词连用，表示说话人的 赞美、厌烦 等情绪。 The two boys were frequently quarreling , which made their parents worried. 这两个男孩经常争吵 , 这使他们的父母担心。 was/were doing…when… 正在做 …… 这时 …… The students were playing an interesting game when the bell rang. 当铃声响的时候，学生们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。 Mary was making  a dress when she cut her finger. 1. 过去进行时 着重描述过去正在进行或某段时间内一直持续的动作，它的特点是： 暂时，持续和未完成 ，强调 过程 ； 一般过去时 表示发生过的动作或存在的状态，即表示 动作发生过，而且已经结束了 ，强调 结果 。 (was making 表示正在做衣服的过程，如用 made 则表示这一动作已结束，做衣服的动作已结束与 cut her finger 就没有联系 ) 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 He was writing all night last night. （生动的描写，他一直写 …… ） He wrote something last night. （说明他写了 …… 的事实） 2. 过去进行时 侧重表示 动作延长的时间 长度 ； 一般过去时 表示 过去某时发生过 某事，侧重说明事实 。 注：下列几类动词通常不用过去进行时。 ①表示 状态 的动词 be ； ② 感官动词 ： feel, hear, see, smell, taste 等； ③表示 思维或心理状态 的动词： forget, consider, know, remember, hope, wish, want, believe （认为）等； ④表示 所属关系 的动词： belong, have, own, hold （容纳）等。 将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。 The future continuous tense 将来进行时 考点梳理 构成 : 肯定句 : 主语 + will be + v-ing 否定句 : 主语 + won’t be + v-ing 疑问句 : Will + 主语 + be + v -ing ? 用法 : 1) 将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作 Don’t phone me between 5 and 6. We ’ll be having dinner then. 五点至六点之间不要给我打电话，那时我们在吃饭。 2) 将来进行时表示按时划或安排要发生的动作 I will be seeing you next week. 我下个星期来看你。 3) 将来进行时表示委婉语气 Will you be having some tea? 喝点茶吧。 1. She _________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. 2. — Have you finished reading Jane Eyre ? — No, I ________ (do) my homework all day yesterday. 3. What do you guess our friend Bob ________ (do) when we get to his home? 4. — We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you weren’t there. — I really should have gone with you, but I _________ (work) on some remaining problems. 举一反三 was phoning was doing will be doing was working 1. I _______ (read) half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 2. In the last few years, China ________ (make) great achievements in environmental protection. 3. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him. But I _________ (change) my mind. 4. It is the third time so far that such a meeting _________ (hold) in my hometown. 考点题例六 have read has made have changed has been held The present perfect tense 现在完成时 肯定句： 主语 + have / has + v-ed + 其他 否定句： 主语 +haven’t /hasn’t + v-ed+ 其他 一般疑问句： Have/Has + 主语 + v-ed + … ？ 肯定答语： Yes, 主格代词 + have/has. 否定答语： No, 主格代词 + haven’t/hasn’t. 构成： 考点梳理 用法： 1. 表示 过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。经常译为“ …… 过 ”。常与 just, recently, so far, up to now, till now, in the past, ever, never 等词连用。 They have put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently . My wife has just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. 2. 现在完成时表示 过去已经开始、持续到现在（可能还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态 ，常和 表示一段时间的状语 连用。如： for, since, these days, this year, now 等。 She has lived in Beijing since she came to China. They have been friends for forty years. 表示短暂意义的动词（动作不能持续），如： come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, marry, open, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, die ，其现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用相应的表示延续状态的动词替换。 I have bought the new car for a month. I have kept/ had the new car for a month. × √ 现在完成时表示 某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响 ，强调的是现在的情况，所以 不能与表示过去的时间状语连用 。 一般过去时只 表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过 ，与现在不发生联系，它 可以与表示过去的时间状语连用 。 He has read that book. （说明他现在知道那本书的内容） He read that book last year. （只说明他去年读过那本书） He has gone to America. （他现在不在此地，在美国） He went to America. （只说明他去过美国） 1. — Do you still remember the name of the company? — I’m really sorry. The name __________ (escape) me. 2. The tourism of Linyi ________ (see) a rapid growth over the last decade. Now it’s the 2nd most visited city in Shandong Province. 3. This book had been a best-seller on the Internet in recent years. __________ 4. My favourite band is Rolling Stones, which had produced 40 albums since 1966. ________ 举一反三 has escaped has seen has has 1. Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 2. — Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house? — Not really. She ________ (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 3. Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ________ (leave) my book in the café. 考点题例七 had become had given had left 构成： 肯定式 ： 主语 + had + v-ed + 其他 否定式 ： 主语 + had not + v-ed + 其他 She said she  had  never  been  to Paris.  她说她从未去过巴黎。 I didn’t know the way to John’s house because I hadn’t been there before. 我不知道去约翰家的路，因为我之前没 去过。 The past perfect tense 过去完成时 考点梳理 用法： 1. 以过去为起点，动作发生在“过去的过去” 。它是一种 相对的时态 ，必须有“过去”的参照时间才能使用，过去完成时常用三种方式表“过去”的参照时间。 She said she had learned twelve English songs. 她说她学了十二首英文歌。 1) 根据上下文找出“ 过去状语 ”和“ 过去动词 ”。 By the end of 1960s, their music had changed completely. 到二十世纪六十年代，他们的音乐完全地改变了。 When the police arrived, the thief had run away. 当警察到的时候，小偷已经逃走了。 2) 用介词 ( 短语 ) by then, by the end of, before, then, until/ till then 等。 3) 用 when, before, until, by the time+( 过去时态 ) 引导的时间状语从句。 2. 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经开始并且一直持续到那时的动作或者状态， 常与 since 或 for 连用 。 He had worked in Beijing for ten years by then. 他在北京工作已经十年了。 3. 过去完成时表示 过去没有实现的愿望、打算 / 意图 ，有这种用法的动词有： hope, think, expect, mean, suppose, want 等。 I had hoped to visit him, but I was too busy. 我希望去看他 , 但我太忙了。 过去完成时用于一些固定句型： 1) It/That was+ the first/ second…+ time+ that 从句 ，从句谓语常用过去完成时。 It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。 2) It was+ 一段时间 +since 从句 ，从句谓语用过去完成时。 It was three years since he had joined the army. 他参军三年了。 1. I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ (start) when I arrived. 2. The twins, who _________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 3. During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends __________ (recommend). 4. The old lady insisted that the young man had stolen her wallet and that he ________ (send) it to the police station. 举一反三 had started had finished had recommended had sent 1. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ________ (come) until yesterday. 2. They made up their mind that they _________ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 3. Did you predict that many students _________ (sign) up for the dance competition? 考点题例八 would come/ was coming would buy would sign 过去将来时 表示从 过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态 。 The past future tense 过去将来时 考点梳理 构成： 由助动词“ would/should+ 动词原形 ”构成， should 主要用于主语是第一人称时； would 可用于各种人称。 Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us. 不论何时我们遇到困难，他总会给予帮助。 1) 由“ was/were going to+ 动词原形 ”构成。 No one knew when he was going to come . 没有人知道他什么时候来。 2) “ was/were about to+ 动词原形 ”，可以表示过去即将发生的事情。 The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美国说伊拉克之战将在一周后打响。 其他常见形式： 1. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _________ (say) where he was. 2. She was on the highway to Guangzhou just now and she said she _______ (come) home the next morning. 3. The students promised that they _______ (arrange) everything well before the party. 4. — The bus is leaving right now, but Jim hasn’t arrived yet. — Well, he said he ________ (come) here on time. 举一反三 wouldn’t say would come would arrange would come 1. — Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? — The new Star Wars. We ________ (wait) here for more than two hours. 2. Dashan, who ________ (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 3. — Tony, why are your eyes red? — I _________ (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 考点题例九 have been waiting has been learning have been cutting 构成： 肯定式： 主语 + have/has +been+v-ing + 其他 否定式： 主语 + have/has not been + v-ing + 其他 The present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时 考点梳理 1. 表示的动作是发生在过去一直持续到现在的动作。 这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍继续进行下去，常与延续动词连用。 I have been writing letters. 我 一直在写 信。 Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere. 你去哪儿了？我们 一直在 到处 找 你。 I have just been watching TV. 我 一直在看 电视。 用法： 常接带有表示动作起迄时间的状语 ，如 since last week, since 1997 等或由 since 引导的时间状语从句，也可以带有表示时间长短的状语，如 for an hour, for a few days, these days 等。 He has been living there since 1970. 他从 1970 年以来就 住 在这里。 I have been waiting for you here for an hour. 我在这儿 等 了你一个小时。 They have been telephoning you several times in two days. 两天内他们给你打过几次电话。 The couple have been drinking black tea all the afternoon. 这对夫妻一下午都在喝红茶。 2. 现在完成进行时的动词表示 一直到说话为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。 What have you been doing this morning? (You look tired.) 你今天早晨干什么了？ ( 你看起来很疲惫。 ) You have been reading newspapers. (Newspapers are lying about in your room.) 你一直在读报吧。 ( 你的房间里到处摊着报纸。 ) 3. 现在完成进行时的动词表示 一直到说话时为止的一段时间内，大部分时间都在持续进行的动作（不一定延续到说话的时候），往往暗示这个动作对现状的影响。 1. — Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere. — He went to the library after breakfast and _________ (write) his essay there ever since. 2. Since the time humankind started gardening, we _________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful. 3. We __________ (work) on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest. 举一反三 has been writing have been trying have been working ⑴ Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the verbs given. 1. “Hongbao” ________ (seem) to be on everyone’s lips these days. 2. Annie was invited to the party and _________ (have) a wonderful time. 3. Praise him and he __________ (make) much greater progress. 4. I __________ (want) to help but could not get there in time. 5. Great changes _________ (take) place in our school in the past ten years. seems had will make had wanted have taken (2) Correct the following sentences. 1. He who has never gone to the Great Wall is not a true man. 　　　　　　　　　　 2. The teacher told us that a friend in need was a friend indeed. 　　　　　　 3. By the end of last month, they finished half of their work. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. The day he had been looking forward to coming at last. 　　　　　　 5. The last time I saw her, she planned to have a holiday. 　　　　　　　　　　 is came was planning had been The science teacher, Mr. Litmus, had asked his students to study a particular animal. They wrote a short report and told the rest of the class their conclusions. The most interesting discovery of all was made by little Sophie: “I found that flies ________ (be) terribly bad-tempered. I _______ (spend) hours in my house, watching flies. When they flew normally, everything _________ (be) OK, but when they found a window, they would really start buzzing ( 发嗡嗡声 ). I ______ always _______ (think) they made that noise with their wings, but they don’t. I saw that what they _______ really _______ (do) was shouting. (3) Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs. are spent was were had thought doing They were so crazy because they couldn’t fly out of the window. If only they had watch ed the butterfly that passed by. The top of the window was open. The butterfly _________(try) to tell them, but the flies just kept on shouting and complaining.” Mr. Litmus was amused, and __________ (explain) to the class that flies’ behavior had nothing to do with anger. Instead, it was an example of creatures having different levels of intelligence. They agreed that the next day they __________ (bring) a list of creatures in the order of intelligence. The next day many parents came and complained, because their children _________ (list) them as the least intelligent creatures! This, said the children, was because the parents _________ (do) nothing but complain, and they never listened to anyone! would bring explained tried had listed did Thank you.