【推荐】2018年10月14日+每周一测-试题君之每日一题君2018-2019学年上学期高二英语人教版（必修5）

【推荐】2018年10月14日+每周一测-试题君之每日一题君2018-2019学年上学期高二英语人教版（必修5）

‎2018年10月14日 每周一测 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A ‎ No one enjoys hearing the sound of someone else chewing their food. Most of the time, though, it’s not that big a deal but a minor annoyance. ‎ ‎ But for a small group of people with misophonia (恐音症), the sound can be painful, causing extreme anger and deep discomfort. The most ordinary sounds of chewing and breathing can drive them crazy. Past attempts to explain the causes of misophonia have suggested everything from compulsive disorder to an easily-annoyed personality—but according to a study published yesterday in the journal Current Biology, the true criminal is the structure of the brain. ‎ ‎ For the study, a team of researchers led by Newcastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar recruited (招募) 42 volunteers, of whom around half had extreme misophonia and the other half served as the control group, and played them several different noises: some ordinary; some harsh, like the sound of a person screaming; and some that were ordinary for the control group but known to be annoying for misophonics, people with misophonia, like the sound of breathing. As the participants listened, the researchers monitored them for signs of anxiety, both physical symptoms and behavioral expressions, and observed their brain activity using FMRI scans. ‎ ‎ The only significant difference in reaction between the two groups happened, during the misophonia-specific sounds, when those with the condition showed physical changes that suggested they were entering fight-or-flight mode. ‎ ‎ Misophonics had increased activity in the AIC, an area known to play a central role in the system that determines which things we should pay attention to. When the trigger sounds were played, there was not only more activity in this region but also abnormally high levels of connection to other regions. ‎ ‎ Misophonia, in other words, may be a result of misplaced attention the brain of a misophonic focuses on things that other people normally tune out (不予理会). On a related note, on behalf of misophonics and manners-minded moms everywhere: Please, chew with your mouth closed. ‎ ‎1. What is the true criminal of misophonia? ‎ ‎ A. Sounds of chewing and breathing. ‎ ‎ B. Compulsive disorder. ‎ ‎ C. An easily-annoyed personality. ‎ ‎ D. The structure of the brain. ‎ ‎2. Which way did researches use to carry out their research? ‎ ‎ A. Playing volunteers several different voices. ‎ ‎ B. Observing volunteers’ heart activity using FMRI scans. ‎ ‎ C. Monitoring volunteers for signs of anxiety. ‎ ‎ D. Analyzing volunteers’ answers to specific questions. ‎ ‎3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ‎ ‎ A. Misophonics had decreased activity in the AIC during the misophonia-specific sounds. ‎ ‎ B. The brain of a misophonic concentrates on things other people normally ignore. ‎ ‎ C. Around 42 volunteers with extreme misophonia were recruited in the research. ‎ ‎ D. Chewing food noisily is appreciated by the people all over the world. ‎ ‎4. What is the main idea of the passage? ‎ ‎ A. Reasons why misophonics can’t stand even small noises. ‎ ‎ B. Misophonia may cause misplaced attention. ‎ ‎ C. We should care for misophonics. ‎ ‎ D. Symptoms of misophonia. ‎ B ‎ French writer Frantz Fanon once said, “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture. ” Since the world changes every day, so does our language. ‎ ‎ More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another they are all reflections of today’s changing world. ‎ ‎ After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is “clicktivism”, a compound of “click” and “activism”. It refers to “armchair activists”—people who support a political or social cause, but only show their support from behind a computer or smartphone. And “otherize” is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (使疏远)people who are different from ourselves—whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality. ‎ ‎ Lifestyle is also changing our language. For example, “fitspiration” —a compound of fit and inspiration—refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy. ‎ ‎ The phrase “climate refugee”—someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change—reflects people’s concern for the environment. ‎ ‎ According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expressions. “People feel much freer to coin their own words these days, ” he said. ‎ ‎ But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (主流的) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive (有表现力的) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud. ‎ ‎5. What’s the purpose of the quotation from French writer Frantz Fanon? ‎ ‎ A. To serve as the topic of the passage. ‎ ‎ B. To present one of the major views of the society. ‎ ‎ C. To show the fact that language mirrors the culture in a way. ‎ ‎ D. To lead to the topic of the whole passage. ‎ ‎6. The underlined word “coin” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means “________”.  ‎ ‎ A. use B. record ‎ C. change D. create ‎7. How is the article mainly developed? ‎ ‎ A. By giving examples. ‎ ‎ B. By making comparisons. ‎ ‎ C. By following a timeline. ‎ ‎ D. By presenting research findings. ‎ ‎8. According to Stevenson, to make the words you invent popular, they should ________.  ‎ ‎ A. be easy to remember ‎ B. have unique meanings ‎ C. reflect the changing world ‎ D. be meaningful, expressive and catchy Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎ 　I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine 　1　 on the leaves. It was such a 　2　 and heavenly time.  ‎ ‎ My calm was broken, 　3　, as I rounded a curve (拐弯处). A huge U-Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to 　4　 it. It was followed by not one but two other U-Haul trucks just as 　5　. I wondered if all the stuff inside of them 　6　 the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to 　7　. It was then that I 　8　 a self-storage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldn’t fit their 　9　 into their houses. I saw a (n) 　10　 couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed 　11　 that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.  ‎ ‎ I lost my own 　12　 for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened 　13　 to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as 　14　 anymore. What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair 　15　 a hard day’s work. What was important was the stuff of 　16　, not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I 　17　. I didn’t want too much stuff to 　18　 my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and 　19　 my family and others.  ‎ I assumed that only by doing so could I make my 　20　.  ‎ ‎1. A. appreciating　　　　 B. reflecting C. admiring D. releasing ‎2. A. refreshing B. delightful C. peaceful D. dynamic ‎3. A. though　 B. too　 C. anyway　 D. instead ‎4. A. miss B. reject C. ignore D. desert ‎5. A. useful B. large C. new D. good ‎6. A. turned to B. referred to C. reacted to D. belonged to ‎7. A. beat B. pulse C. accelerate D. follow ‎8. A. noticed B. thought C. did D. established ‎9. A. furniture B. boxes C. possessions D. materials ‎10. A. old B. young C. middle-aged D. small ‎11. A. curious B. apparent C. certain D. obvious ‎12. A. hope B. talent C. faith D. taste ‎13. A. in return B. in turn C. in time D. in vain ‎14. A. valuable B. significant C. beneficial D. practical ‎15. A. before B. in C. after D. during ‎16. A. mind B. hand C. head D. soul ‎17. A. purchase B. donate C. waste D. need ‎18. A. put up B. crowd up C. bring up D. set up ‎19. A. helping B. abusing C. loving D. affecting ‎20. A. name B. day C. world D. way Ⅲ. 语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ Woodblock printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were 1. (beautiful) printed. Even today the books 2. ________(print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.  ‎ ‎ However, block printing 3. ________(be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a woodblock, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books. 4. (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay, 5. was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on 6. ________ iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and 7. ________(sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and 8. ________(easy) than before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.  ‎ The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had 9. ________the advance of civilization is too clear to need any 10. ________(explain).  ‎ Ⅳ. 短文改错 ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ The sentence from our teachers tell us that we shouldn’t be discouraged after failures. Definitely we should keep trying with determine. ‎ ‎ At the age of twelve, I get a nice bike as a birthday gift. So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. Besides, it was harder than expecting. The bike seemed too heavy for me to control and I fell off the bike over and over again. I was about to give up while my father came and encouraged me to keep going. With more practice, I found me doing better and better. Looking back, I feel I would not be able to ride bike if I had lost my heart. ‎ ‎ Honest speaking, we can’t avoid failing. What matters most is that we should stick to it. ‎ Ⅴ. 书面表达 ‎ 假定你是李华, 你与本班英国交换生Tom约好本周末一起进行语文训练, 但因故无法进行。请你给他发一封电子邮件作出解释。‎ 注意: ‎ ‎1. 词数100个左右(开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数); ‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Tom, ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A ‎ 【语篇解读】主要讲述了一些恐音症患者对某些细小的声音都会有极大的反应, 文中讲述了其发生的原因。‎ ‎1. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段Past attempts to explain the causes of misophonia have suggested everything from compulsive disorder to an easily-annoyed personality—but according to a study published yesterday in the journal Current Biology, the true criminal is the structure of the brain. 由此可知, 恐音症的罪魁祸首其 实是大脑结构。结合选项, 故选D。‎ ‎3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Misophonia, in other words, may be a result of misplaced attention the brain of a misophonic focuses on things that other people normally tune out. 由此可知, 恐音症者会错误地 关注其他人们不会理会的一些声音, 因此他们会对某些声音敏感。结合选项, 故选B。‎ ‎4. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容, 主要讲述了一些恐音症患者对某些细小的声音都会有极大的反应, 文中讲述了其发生的原因。结合选项, 故选A。‎ B ‎ 【语篇解读】本篇文章主要讲述了语言与社会生活的联系, 世界每天都在变化, 语言也在变化。越来越多有表现力的词语出现, 并给我们的生活带来一定的影响。‎ ‎5. D【解析】目的意图题。文章开头引用法国作家Frantz Fanon的话借以引入正题, 世界在变, 语言也在变, 说 明语言与社会生活之间的联系。‎ ‎6. D【解析】词义猜测题。根据全文可知, 本篇文章主要讲述的是人们在实践生活中创造出了许多新单词, 并 且最后一段运用了 “But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream dictionary.‎ ‎ ”进行转折说明不是所有新单词都会进入主流词典。并且本句的前一句提到 “social media was the main source for the new expressions”社交媒体是新的表达方式的主要来源, 由此可 以推测此句应和新词的“发明”有关。故选D。‎ ‎7. A【解析】逻辑结构题。文章第三、四、五段都在介绍一些新的词汇并解释它们的由来和意义, 所以本篇 文章是通过举例子进行描述的。故选A。‎ ‎8. 【解析】细节理解题。从文章最后一段“suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud. ”可知, 具有表 现力、意义丰富并且吸人眼球的新词汇才会被更多人运用。故选D。‎ Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎ 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述家里无需添置、堆砌太多的东西, 有爱就好! ‎ ‎1. B【解析】我看到金色的阳光映射到叶子上。reflect “反映, 映射”。‎ ‎2. C【解析】根据下文“My calm” 可知。peaceful “平静的, 平和的”。‎ ‎3. A【解析】though 副词, 表转折, “然而, 可是, 不过”。‎ ‎4. A【解析】往路边急转弯是为了避开它。miss “错过”。‎ ‎5. B【解析】根据上文“A huge U-Haul”可知选B。‎ ‎6. D【解析】所有东西属于同一人。 belong to“属于”。‎ ‎7. D【解析】等待心率跟上, 即表示慢慢平复受惊的心。follow“跟上”。‎ ‎13. C【解析】及时醒来逃跑了。in time“及时”。‎ ‎14. B【解析】根据下文“important”可知选B。significant “重要的”。‎ ‎15. C【解析】一天工作之后。‎ ‎16. D【解析】重要的是心灵的东西。soul “心灵, 精神”。‎ ‎17. A【解析】根据下文“buy”可知选A。purchase“购买”。‎ ‎18. B【解析】短语辨析题。我不想让太多的东西挤满我的生活。crowd up 挤满。‎ ‎19. C【解析】根据上文“. . . seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss. . .‎ ‎ ”可知“爱家人”。‎ ‎20. B【解析】make one’s day让某人高兴。‎ Ⅲ. 语法填空 ‎ 【文章大意】本文主要讲述活字印刷的历史, 活字印刷的过程及活字印刷对世界文明的影响。‎ ‎1. 【解析】beautifully。考查副词。print是动词, 要用副词修饰。‎ ‎2. 【解析】printed。考查过去分词。books与print之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词短语printed at the time作定 语修饰books。‎ ‎3. 【解析】was。考查动词时态。全文讲述的是过去的事情, 要用一般过去时态, 且block printing是单数, 谓 语动词也应用单数形式was。‎ ‎4. 【解析】To overcome。考查动词不定式。此处动词不定式表示目的。‎ ‎5. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词clay在从句中作 主语, 用关系代词which。‎ Ⅳ. 短文改错 ‎1. 【解析】第一句tell改为tells。考查动词。句子主语为The sentence, 为单数, 故谓语应该用第三人称单数, 故改为tells。‎ ‎2. 【解析】第二句determine改为determination。考查名词。with为介词, 后跟名词。‎ ‎3. 【解析】第三句get改为got。考查时态。时间为At the age of twelve意思是在我12岁时, 时间是过去, 所以应该用过去时。‎ ‎4. 【解析】第五句Besides改为However。考查连词。然而, 它比想象中的难。两个句子之间构成转折关系, 故改为However。‎ ‎8. 【解析】第九句ride后面加a。考查冠词。ride a bike 意思是骑自行车。‎ ‎9. 【解析】第九句去掉my。考查固定短语。lose heart意思是丧失信心。‎ ‎10. 【解析】第十句Honest改为Honestly。考查副词。修饰动词用副词, 此处修饰speaking。‎ Ⅴ. 书面表达 Dear Tom, ‎ ‎ I’m sorry to inform you that the practice this weekend has to be cancelled for an emergency ‎ in my family. ‎ This morning I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had passed away. I have to leave everything at hand for his funeral and see him off for the last time. After all, I was the only child he had cherished best among all his descendants. ‎ ‎ How I wish you understood my sadness for the loss of him and the dilemma between my feeling for him and the promise for you! But there are no other choices for me at the moment. ‎ ‎ Time permitting, I’m bound to make up for the practice next weekend. ‎ ‎ Wish you a happy weekend. ‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎