专题19阅读理解——新闻报告类-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题19阅读理解——新闻报告类-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎【19年新课标要求与考纲】‎ 普通高中英语课程强调对学生语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合培养，具有工具性和人文性融合统一的特点。普通高中英语课程应在义务教育的基础上，帮助学生进一步学习和运用英语基础知识和基本技能，发展跨文化交流能力，为他们学习其他学科知识、汲取世界文化精华、传播中华文化创造良好的条件，也为他们未来继续学习英语或选择就业提供更多机会；普通高中英语课程同时还应帮助学生树立人类命运共同体意识和多元文化意识，形成开放包容的态度，发展健康的审美情趣和良好的鉴赏能力，加深对祖国文化的理解，增强爱国情怀，坚定文化自信，树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，为学生未来参与知识创新和科技创新，更好的适应世界多极化、经济全球化和社会信息化奠定基础。‎ 学科核心素养 学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现，是学生通过学科学习而逐步形成的正确价值观念、必备品格和关键能力。英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。‎ ‎1.语言能力 语言能力指在社会情境中，以听、说、读、看、写等方式理解和表达意义的能力，以及在学习和使用语言的过程中形成的语言意识和语感。英语语言能力构成英语学科核心素养的基础要素。英语语言能力的提高蕴含文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的提升，有助于学生拓展国际视野和思维方式，开展跨文化交流。‎ ‎2.文化意识 文化意识指对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同，是学生在全球化背景下表现出的跨文化认知、态度和行为取向。文化意识体现英语学科核心素养的价值取向。文化意识的培育有助于学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，树立人类命运共同体意识，学会做人做事，成长为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。‎ ‎3. 思维品质 思维品质指思维在逻辑性、批判性、创新性等方面所表现的能力和水平。思维品质体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征。思维品质的发展有助于提升学生分析和解决问题的能力，使他们能够从跨文化视角观察和认识世界，对事物作出正确的价值判断。‎ ‎4.学习能力 学习能力指学生积极运用和主动调适英语学习策略、拓高英语学习渠道、努力提升英语学习效率的意识和能力。学习能力构成英语学科核心素养的发展条件。学习能力的培养有助于学生做好英语学习的自我管理，养成良好的学习习惯，拓宽学习渠道，提高学习效率。‎ 英语学科核心素养的基础，包括六个要素：主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略。主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会和人与自然，涉及人文社会科学和自然科学领域等内容，为学科育人提供话题和语境；语篇类型包括口语和书面语篇以及不同的文体形式，如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文、访谈、对话等连续性文本，以及图表、图示、网页、广告、漫画等非连续性文本，为语言学习提供文体素材；语言知识涵盖语音知识、词汇知识、语法知识、语箱知识和语用知识，是构成语言能力的重要基础；语言技能分理解性技能和表达性技能，具体包括听、说、读、看（viewing)、写等，学生基于语篇所开展的学习活动即是基于这些语言技能，理解语篇和对语篇作出回应的活动；文化知识指中外优秀人文和科学知识，既包含物质文明知识，也包含精神文明知识，是学生形成跨文化意识、涵养人文和科学精神、坚定文化自信的知识源泉；学习策略包括元认知策路、认知策略、交际策略、情感策略等，有效选择和使用策略是帮助理解和表达、提高学习效率的手段，是学生形成自主学习和终身学习能力的必备条件。‎ 普通高中英语课程的内容要求按照以上六大要素，即主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略，描述所规定的学习内容及要求。主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会和人与自然，涵盖整个高中阶段所涉及的主题内容，不分课程类别进行描述；其他五项内容要素均按照必修、选择性必修和选修三类课程描述具体的内容要求。本课程标准还针对每项内容要素（含子要素）给出具体的教学提示，以帮助教师在实施各项具体内容的教学中解决好常见的问题。‎ 主题语境 主题为语言学习提供主题范围或主题语境。学生对主题意义的探究应是学生学习语言的最重要内容，直接影响学生语篇理解的程度、思维发展的水平和语言学习的成效。在人与自我、人与社会和人与自然这三大主题语境中，人与自我涉及“生活与学习”“做人与做事”等两个主题群下的9项子主题；人与社会涉及“社会服务与人际沟通”“文学、艺术与体育”“历史、社会与文化”“科学与技术”等四个主题群下的16项子主题；人与自然涉及“自然生态”“环境保护”“灾害防范”“字宙探索”等四个主题群下的7项子主题。所有主题语境都应包含中外文化的范畴。‎ 主题语境 主题群 主题语境内容要求 人 与 生活与学习 做人与做事 ‎1.个人、家庭、社区及学校生活；‎ ‎2.健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度；‎ 自 我 ‎3.认识自我，丰言自我，完善自我；‎ ‎4.乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习；‎ ‎5.语言学习的规律、方法等；‎ ‎6.优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任；‎ ‎7.生命的意义与价值；‎ ‎8.未来职业发展趋势。个人职业倾向、未来规划等；‎ ‎9.创新与创业意识。‎ 人 与 社 会 社会服务与人际沟通 文学、艺术与体育 历史、社会与文化 科学与技术 ‎1.良好的人际关系与社会交往；‎ ‎2.公益事业与志愿服务；‎ ‎3.跨文化沟通、包容与合作；‎ ‎4.小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名 著等；‎ ‎5.绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物；‎ ‎ 6.影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展；‎ ‎7.体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神；‎ ‎8.不同民族文化习俗与传统节日；‎ ‎9.对社会有突出贡献的人物；‎ ‎10.重要国际组织与社会公益机构；‎ ‎11.法律常识与法治意识等；‎ ‎12.物质与非物质文化遗产：‎ ‎13.社会热点问题；‎ ‎14.重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源；‎ ‎15.社会进步与人类文明；‎ ‎16.科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神。‎ 人 与 自 然 自然生态 环境保护 灾害防范 宇宙探索 ‎1.主要国家地理概况；‎ ‎2.自然环境、自然遗产保护；‎ ‎3.人与环境、人与动植物；‎ ‎4.自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护；‎ ‎5.人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系；‎ ‎6.自然科学研究成果；‎ ‎7.地球与宇宙奥秘探索。‎ ‎【高考考纲和新课标的关系】‎ 高考考纲和新课标是统一的，因此19年的高考备考应该依据考纲，结合新课标的学科素养要求进行。高考英语的阅读理解，应该以主题语境为引领。分类训练各种主题内容的阅读语篇。通过学习语篇，不断提高自己的语言能力。‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ 预测一 高考阅读理解所选材料通常都是国外网站上的地道的英语文章，然后经过命题专家整合、改编而成。文章主要介绍国内外的文化风俗、历史名胜、人文地理、著名人物等。‎ 预测二 文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280～330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。但是题目并不容易，很容易出错。全国卷的命题逐渐向地方自主命题卷，尤其是新课标地区的试卷看齐，不断增加词汇量和文章长度，向新课标过渡。‎ 预测三 题目设置灵活多样，通常以细节理解题为主，推理判断题为辅，兼顾猜测词义、句意题及目的意图题和主旨大意题。这种命题特点要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息，提高阅读速度。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 时事新闻类阅读材料在近年高考中屡屡涉及。这类材料往往语言地道，内容时新。 ‎ 一、材料特点 ‎ 阅读材料的组成有一个共同的特点，即都是由标题(Headline)、导语(Introduction)、 背景(Background)、主体(Main body)和结尾(End)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出文章的第一句话或第一自然段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。下面分别叙述这五个部分在阅读理解中的作用。‎ 标题是对新闻报道中心思想所作的高度而又精辟的概括，必然是命题者考虑设题的重点。这类阅读理解材料常不给出标题，而要考生选择标题。因此，同学们平吋在看英 语报刊或者在做时事新闻类阅读理解题时要特别注意研宄标题和英语标题的特点。‎ 知事抓导语。导语位于新闻报道的首段，高度概括新闻事实，5W(When，Where, Who，What，Why)包括其中。因此，抓导语便对新闻事件有了大体把握，对做阅读理解试题而言就是抓住了“牛鼻子'‎ 欲知详情，读新闻背景和主体。新闻背景交待新闻事实的起因，主体则对导语慨括 ‎ 的新闻事实进行详细叙述。‎ 探求结果到结尾。结尾往往是新闻事件的结果或动态展望，也是中心思想的慨括并 常常与新闻导语相呼应，命题者也乐于在此设题。‎ 广告类阅读题的五大特点 ‎ ‎1. 材料特点：大家知道，刊登广告是要钱的，为了节省费用，人们在拟写广告时往往都希望用最少的篇幅表现最大量的信息，这就决定了广告类材料通常具有以下特点：信息量大，用词简练，形式灵活。 ‎ ‎2. 内容特点：综观近几年的高考英语阅读理解题，其中广告类阅读题内容主要涉及的是与人们生活息息相关的信息，如产品宣传、服务介绍、招生招聘等。 ‎ ‎3. 形式特点：做广告的主要目的就是要让受众了解并记住广告内容，并为广告上所刊登的内容(产品或服务等)买单。为了达到这一目的，人们在设计广告时往往会做到：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清楚。 ‎ ‎4. 用词特点：广告类阅读材料的用词有以下“三多”特点：一是人名、地名、专有名词多；二是生词多；三是缩略词、省略句多。 ‎ ‎5. 命题特点：广告类阅读是近几年高考英语阅读理解最常考的题材，在阅读理解的选材中占有很大的比重命题者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，所以命题的题型多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题。 ‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 考点一、细节事实理解。‎ 一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。 细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。 此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问 ‎1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct? ‎2.Which of the following is not mentioned? ‎3.All of the following are true except... ‎4.According to the passage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？‎ ‎1.直接事实题 ‎ 在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。 如：‎ A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S.This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.‎ This huge dam is in the Black Canyon.It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road，which is on the top of the dam.This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside.The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom.There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco.Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.‎ This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States.Hoover Dam，one of the highest dams in the world，is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada.‎ Q：Hoover Dam lies______ .‎ A.between Arizona and Nevada B.in the Black Canyon C.between New York and San Francisco D.both A and B ‎【解析】由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。‎ ‎2.间接事实题 ‎ 解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。‎ Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian，host of the well-received TV programme“Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin，Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.‎ Born in Shanghai and taken to Hongkong when she was only six years old，Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition，she had been an airhostess in Cathay Airline for seven years.However， it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage，dancing,singing,making-up and other proper manners，designed by the Asia TV Station.‎ ‎“It’s really a hard job for me.I won’t enter for such competition any more.Anyhow，I am quite lucky.I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title.This time，in Shanghai，I’d love to make a deep impression on my TV audience，”said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.‎ Q：Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.‎ B.Luo Lin moved to Hongkong with her parents.‎ C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.‎ D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.‎ ‎【解析】A、C和D项都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文所给的是：taken to Hongkong可判断不是moved to Hongkong with her parents，因此选B。 ‎ ‎3、数据推算。‎ If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time,you will save_______ .‎ A.$100　 B.$300　 C.$350　 D.$400 ‎ 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：‎ ‎1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。‎ ‎2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。‎ ‎3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。‎ 考点二、主题理解或写作意图推断。‎ 一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容 ‎1.短文的标题（title,headline）； ‎2.短文或段落的主题（subject）； ‎3.中心思想(main idea)； ‎4.作者的写作目的(purpose)。‎ 二、此类题的设问方式 ‎1.What would be the best title for the text? ‎2.What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? ‎3.What is the passage mainly about? ‎4.The main purpose of announcing the above events is__________. 考点三、推理推断。‎ 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。 此类题的设问常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有： ‎1.We can infer from the Passage that__________. ‎2.What can be inferred from the Passage? ‎3.Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage? ‎4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________. ‎5.The author suggests in this paragraph that__________. ‎6.The writer implies that__________. ‎7.It can be inferred that__________. ‎8.It can be concluded from the Passage that__________. ‎9.On the whole,we can conclude that__________. ‎10.From the text we can conclude that__________. ‎11.After reading the Passage we may conclude that__________. ‎12.What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage? ‎13.The author is inclined to think that__________. ‎14.When the writer talks about,what he really means is that__________. ‎15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling towards...? ‎16.In the writer’s opinion,... 近年来，高考加大了对学生判断推理能力的考查。判断推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。做题时要注意题干的语言形，如According to the passage...,It can be inferred from the passage that...；It can be concluded from the passage that...等，虽然从表面上看是问有关全文的题，但实际上不用看全篇，仍然只需要根据选项中的线索找到原文中与之相关的一句话或几句话，然后得出答案。针对推理题的不同形，可以采取以下做法：1.假如题干中有具体线索，根据具体线索找到原文相关句(一句或几句话)，然后做出推理；2.假如题干中无线索，如It can be inferred from the passage that...；It can be concluded from the passage ‎ that...等，先浏览一下4个选项，排除不太可能的选项，然后根据最可能的选项中的关键词找到原文相关句，作出推理；3.如果一篇文章中其他题都未涉及文章主旨，那么推理题，如infer,conclude题型，可能与文章主旨有关，考生应该定位到文章主题所在位置(如主题句出现处)；假如其他题已经涉及文章主旨，那么要求推断出来的内容可能与段落主题有关，如果如此，应该找段落主题所在处；如果不与段落主题有关，有时与全文或段落的重要结论有关，这时可以寻找与这些结论相关的原文叙述。‎ 考点四、词义、句义猜测。‎ 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。 此类题的设问方式主要有 ‎1.The word “...”in Line...means/can be replaced by... ‎2.As used in the passage,the phrase “...”suggests... ‎3.From the passage,we can infer that the word/phrase “...” is/referred to... ‎4.The word “...” is closest in meaning to...猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。‎ ‎1.定义法。如:‎ Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.‎ 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 “退火”。‎ It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is,it will break easily.‎ 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。‎ The herdsman,who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.‎ 定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧人”。‎ ‎2.同位法。如:‎ They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle,a large building in old times.‎ 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。‎ We are on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a.m.—this week.‎ 两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是“夜班”的意思。‎ ‎3.对比法。如:‎ She is usually prompt for all her class,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.‎ but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是“她今天第一节 上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。‎ ‎4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如:‎ Perhaps,we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.But the next hundred?‎ possibility 是 possible 的同根名词,据此可以判断定 possibility 意思是“可能性”。‎ ‎5.因果法。如：‎ The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.‎ 从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考试题 C【2018·全国III】‎ While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.‎ Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.‎ Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.‎ The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.‎ Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).‎ Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao ‎ Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.‎ Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. "That is only evidence that traditions once existed," he said.‎ ‎"Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, " he said.‎ ‎"Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are, " said Wang.‎ The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.‎ ‎28. Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.‎ A. following the latest world trend B. getting international recognition C. working harder than ever before D. relying on foreign architects ‎29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?‎ A. Its hilly environment.‎ B. Its large size.‎ C. Its unique style.‎ D. Its diverse functions.‎ ‎30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?‎ A. The mixture of different shapes.‎ B. The balance of East and West.‎ C. The use of popular techniques.‎ D. The harmony of old and new.‎ ‎31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?‎ A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.‎ C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.‎ ‎【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D ‎【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖，这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。‎ ‎30. 细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tadao Ando的评语可知，王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。‎ ‎31. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是人工的和空的，故D正确。‎ ‎【点睛】根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。‎ 此题的第一小题和第四小题为推理判断题。第1题根据第二段第二句可知Wang Shu 获得2012年普利策奖，相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，再根据第三句他是第一个获此奖的中国人可知，中国建筑现在得到了国际认可，因得到认可才能获奖。此题的解题关键时根据原文的两个信息句进行的判断，而ACD原文中没有提及。‎ D【2018·江苏】‎ ‎ Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.‎ ‎ It found many youngsters(少年）now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through “like”. Some change their behavior in real life to improve their image on the web.‎ ‎ The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children's Commissioner (专 员）Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional ‎ risks,‎ with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.‎ ‎ Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends — to demand “likes” for their online posts.‎ ‎ The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.‎ ‎ Children aged 8 to 10 were "starting to feel happy" when others liked their posts. However,‎ those in the 10 to 12 age group were "concerned with how many people like their posts", suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.‎ ‎ Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up "worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.‎ ‎ She said: "Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school."‎ ‎ As their world expanded. she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was "hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves".‎ ‎ Miss Longfield added: "Then there is this push to connect—if you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you don't care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once."‎ ‎ "For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally." The Children's Commissioner for England's study—life in Likes—found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.‎ ‎ However, the research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.‎ ‎ By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.‎ ‎ However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人）or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.‎ ‎ The Children’s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区）they faced online. And she said social media companies must also "take more responsibility". They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.‎ ‎ Javed Khan, of children's charity Bamardo's, said: "It's vital that new compulsory age-‎ appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.‎ ‎ “It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”‎ ‎65.Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?‎ ‎ A. They were not provided with adequate equipment.‎ ‎ B. They were not well prepared for emotional risks.‎ ‎ C. They were required to give quick responses.‎ ‎ D. They were prevented from using mobile phones.‎ ‎66. Some social app companies were to blame because .‎ ‎ A. they didn't adequately check their users' registration ‎ B. they organized photo trips to attract more youngsters ‎ C. they encouraged youngsters to post more photos ‎ D. they didn't stop youngsters from staying up late ‎67. Children's comparing themselves to others online may lead to .‎ ‎ A. less friendliness to each other ‎ B. lower self-identity and confidence ‎ C. an increase in online cheating ‎ D. a stronger desire to stay online ‎68. According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to .‎ ‎ A. circulate their posts quickly ‎ ‎ B. know the qualities of their posts ‎ C. use mobile phones for play ‎ D. get more public approval ‎69. What should parents do to solve the problem?‎ ‎ A. Communicate more with secondary schools.‎ ‎ B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.‎ ‎ C. Keep track of children's use of social media.‎ ‎ D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.‎ ‎70. What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ ‎ A. The influence of social media on children.‎ ‎ B. The importance of social media to children.‎ ‎ C. The problem in building a healthy relationship.‎ ‎ D. The measure to reduce risks from social media.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要就“点赞中的人生”的项目研究分析了社交媒体和中学生面临的压力二者之间的关系，以及社交媒体对孩子们带来的多重影响。 ‎ ‎65. B 细节理解题。根据第二段“…social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.” 社交媒体公司让孩子们面临重大的情感风险，一些青少年在中学时就没有能力应对他们在网上面临的巨大压力可知，中学生还没有对情感风险做好充分的准备，所以他们感到压力巨大，故选B项。‎ ‎66. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13”可知，尽管一些社交应用程序应该要求用户至少13岁，但是很受孩子们欢迎，一些社交应用软件公司没有严格按照年龄限制，也就是说他们没有严格检查用户注册，所以他们应该受到责备，故选A项。‎ ‎67. B 细节理解题。根据第八段“As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves ‎ to others online in a way that was “hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves”可知，从孩子们的自我认同、自信心以及他们的发展能力方面来看，这是“极大的破坏性”，所以孩子们在网上比较自己和别人可能会导致他们较低的自我认同和自信，故选B项。‎ ‎68. D 推理判断题。根据第十一段和十二段的“By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular”可知，他们要确保他们帖子是受欢迎的，所以他们很担心要获得更多的认可，故选D项。‎ ‎70. A主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章就社交媒体给中学生多带来的重大压力分析了社交媒体和中学生面临压力的二者关系，以及给孩子们所带来的影响，故选A项。‎ ‎2017年高考试题 新闻报道类 ‎ [2017·北京卷]‎ C Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing antivaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.‎ The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”， which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work.‎ But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination ‎ and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.‎ That's exactly what is happening in small neighbourhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, NY, where a 17yearold caused an outbreak last year.‎ The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.‎ Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.‎ Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.‎ Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.‎ ‎63．The first two paragraphs suggest that ________．‎ A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention ‎ C．antivaccine movement has its medical reasons D．information about measles spreads quickly ‎64．Herd immunity works well when ________．‎ A．exemptions are allowed B．several vaccines are used together C．the whole neighbourhood is involved in ‎ D．new regulations are added to the state laws ‎65．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?‎ A．The overuse of vaccine.‎ B．The lack of medical care.‎ C．The features of measles itself.‎ D．The vaccine optouts of some people.‎ ‎66．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To introduce the idea of exemption.‎ B．To discuss methods to cure measles.‎ C．To stress the importance of vaccination.‎ D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.‎ ‎【要点综述】 文章讲述了曾经致命但几乎消失了的麻疹又回来了， 原因是少数人没有注射疫苗， 以致他们自己及其他人的健康受损， 作者借此呼吁人人都应该注射麻疹疫苗。‎ ‎63．A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“…but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend.”可知少量的麻疹患者也会引起巨大的危险，故答案为A。‎ ‎64．C　 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.”可知只有整个群体都加入时免疫才会起作用，故 C选项正确。 ‎ ‎65．D　细节理解题。根据第六段中“Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out…”可知法律使一些未按规定给孩子去注射疫苗的人太容易得到豁免，才使得麻疹再次回归，故答案为D。‎ ‎66．C　写作意图题。根据最后一段中“Everyone enjoys the lifesaving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.”可以推断出本文的写作目的是强调接种疫苗的重要性，故C选项正确。‎ ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]‎ C FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.‎ Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant (移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.‎ Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration (融合). Others say it's only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing ‎ it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.‎ Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.‎ Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy's then 56.7 million people, or about 2 per cent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 per cent, with immigrants' children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.‎ Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence (居住权) would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.‎ Italians always “see me as a foreigner，” an outsider, even though she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.‎ ‎28．Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?‎ A. To continue to stay in Italy. ‎ B. To teach her children Italian.‎ C. To find a better job in Italy. ‎ D. To better mix with the Italians.‎ ‎29．Some people worry that the new language requirement may ________．‎ A. reduce Italy's population quickly ‎ B. cause conflicts among people C. lead to financial difficulties ‎ D. put pressure on schools ‎30．What do we know about Cojochru?‎ A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.‎ B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.‎ C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.‎ D. She wishes to go back to her home country.‎ ‎【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了对意大利刚出台的针对日益增长的移民所采取的语言测试政策的不同看法。‎ ‎29. B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make…for intolerance than integration (融合)．”可知，一些移民拥护者认为这种语言要求将会使人们难以忍受，而不是融合，从而也可能会导致更多的冲突，所以选B项。‎ ‎30. C　推理判断题。根据文章最后两段，特别是最后一段“…she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently…”可知，Cojochru已经在意大利居住多年，能流利地讲当地的方言，她在当地的交流和工作很顺利，故答案选C项。‎ ‎2016年高考试题 ‎1.【2016·全国新课标III】D ‎ Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.‎ ‎ “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”‎ ‎ Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles ‎ on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.‎ ‎ Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.” ‎ ‎12 . What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?‎ A. News reports. B. Research papers.‎ C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations．‎ ‎13. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?‎ A. They’re socially inactive.‎ B. They’re good at telling stories.‎ C. They’re inconsiderate of others.‎ D. They’re careful with their words.‎ ‎14. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?‎ A . Sports new. B. Science articles.‎ C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.‎ ‎15 . What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B .Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：人们常说“没有消息就是最好的消息”，类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。‎ ‎12. A细节理解题。根据第二段“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media”可知，像“it ‎ bleeds”这样的传统说法适用于大众媒体，故选A。‎ ‎13. C推理判断题。根据“you care a lot more how they react”可知，你非常在乎朋友听完你讲的故事后的反应，根据“You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”可知，你不想被当作一个“Debbie Downer”，说明指的是“一个不为他人考虑的人”，故选C。‎ ‎14. B细节理解题。根据第三段“articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles”可知，科技类的文章比非科技类的更有可能被人们讨论，故选B。‎ ‎15. D选择最佳标题。根据第一段“By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.”可知，好消息在网络上传播得更快，影响更深远；说明文章主要讲的是好消息通过网络的传播，故选D。‎ 考点：风俗文化类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。根据多年的备考及高考实践，这类题目考察的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。 选择“主题”旨在考查考生是否掌握了所读文章的主要内容或主旨，通常用词、短语或句子来概括。常见的提问方式有： 1. What is the main / general idea of this text? 2. What is mainly discussed in this passage? 3. What is the text mainly about? 4. This text mainly tells us ________. 5. This passage mainly deals with _________. 6. The main idea of this passage may be best expressed as_________. 选择“标题”则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简短、精练。常见的提问方式有： 1. What would be the best title for the text? 2. Which of the following is the best / most suitable title for this text? 3. The best / most suitable title for this text would be ________. 4. The topic of this passage is _________. 不管是选择“主题”还是选择“标题”‎ ‎，实质上都是要求考生从整体上理解语篇内容，找出贯穿语篇的主线；不管是何种体裁的文章，总是围绕一个主题来展开的。在试题设计上，3个干扰项内容一般在文章里或多或少都有涉及，但并非主要内容，需要注意甄别。‎ ‎2.【2016·四川】C ‎ In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous(土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.‎ The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman form Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.‎ ‎“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin. “I’ve been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I don’t see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”‎ ‎“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”‎ His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.‎ ‎8. Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?‎ ‎ A. They seldom follow the French law.‎ ‎ B. They often ignore the Guianese law.‎ C. They are separated from the modern world.‎ ‎ D. They are both Guianese and French citizens.‎ ‎9.Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _________.‎ A. a tour guide ‎ B. a geographer C. a film director ‎ D. a photographer ‎10. What is Gin’s attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?‎ A. Cautious.‎ ‎ B. Doubtful.‎ C. Uninterested.‎ ‎ D. Appreciative.‎ ‎11.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. The modern French lifestyle.‎ ‎ B. The self-supporting hunting.‎ C. The uncivilized hunting.‎ ‎ D. The French Republic.‎ ‎【答案】8.A 9.D 10.D 11.A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文通过一个摄影记者向人们展示了法国的Guianese人，和现代法国的生活风格给他们带来的影响。‎ ‎8.A推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.令人吃惊的是，这些人主要靠自己的法律和他们的社会风俗生活。可知A项符合题意。‎ ‎9.D推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” 我想展示给观众一个摄影记录，让他们触摸到不文明的生活。第五段第一句His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. 他的黑白照片呈现了一个几乎失去的世界。可知他是一个摄影师，故选D。‎ ‎11.A词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句中the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic,被法兰西共和国提供的生活风格，可知后面的定语从句中it指现代法国的生活风格。故选A。‎ 考点：考查风土人情类阅读 ‎2015年高考试题 ‎【2015·新课标全国I】C Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.‎ The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.‎ The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.‎ The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.‎ ‎28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Productive. C. Generous. D. Traditional.‎ ‎29. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?‎ ‎ A. One of his masterworks.‎ ‎ B. A successful screen adaptation.‎ ‎ C. An artistic creation for the stage.‎ ‎ D. One of the best TV programmes.‎ ‎30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?‎ A. By popularity.‎ B. By importance.‎ C. By size and shape.‎ D. By time and subject.‎ ‎31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? ‎ ‎ A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。 ‎ ‎28. B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.可知达利的作品是多产的。故选B。‎ ‎29. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory是他的杰作之一。故选A。‎ ‎30. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。‎ ‎31. A 词义推测题。根据文章最后一段The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本篇文章为中等难度，难度主要体现在于艺术题材对学生来说相对陌生，且对于艺术作品的解释比较抽象。考生容易从心理上排斥此类阅读理解，但题目本身都是可以在原文中定位并找到答案的细节理解题，只要静心下来仔细寻找即可。最后一题的词义猜测稍微有点难度，因为contribution这个词对考生来说并不陌生，但此处并非“捐献”的含义。‎ ‎【2015·四川】C ‎ Across Britain, burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers, But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.‎ ‎ Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as＄172,000 a year.‎ ‎ The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.‎ ‎ By analysing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week,40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18,it found that ,on most days, mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm.‎ ‎ To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at ￡48.98 an hour, would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”,with psychologist（心理学家）a close second.‎ It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional（情感的） demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.‎ Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.‎ The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional ,physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.‎ ‎38.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?‎ ‎ A.￡30,000. B.￡142,000.‎ ‎ C.￡172,000. D.￡202,000.‎ ‎39.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from .‎ ‎ A. emotional demand B. low pay for work ‎ C. heavy workload D. lack of training ‎40.What is stressed in the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. Mothers’ importance shows in family all year long.‎ ‎ B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.‎ ‎ C. Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated.‎ ‎ D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.‎ ‎41.What can we conclude from the study?‎ ‎ A. Mothers’ working hours should be largely reduced.‎ ‎ B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.‎ ‎ C. Mothers’ labour is of a higher value than it is realised.‎ ‎ D .Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.‎ ‎【解析】：这是一篇写在母亲节的文章，在母亲节这一天，每个人都会对母亲做出一些事，比如一束花等等，但是作者认为，母亲这一职业值得全年的关注，因为它包含太多。‎ ‎40.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段的The emotional ,physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.可知，选择B，指母亲付出的牺牲是巨大的，但是又是值得的。‎ ‎41.C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.可知，作者认为母亲的重要性应该得到更多的关注，故选择C。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本篇是一篇说明文，说明了母亲这一职业的伟大。阅读说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事理。说明文阅读中要求考生要特别注意一些数字等，如第38题。除此之外，还需要抓住关键词、中心词，迅速在文中进行定位，解决细节题，如39、40题。最后，对文章的内容要了解，通常主题在第一段最后出现，所以考生要善于把握主题。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎1.C【吉林省长春市2018届高三年级四模】‎ China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare, those at a State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Keqiang decided.‎ Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for some common and chronic diseases in patients’ follow-up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (会诊), reservations and test result inquiries.‎ As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.‎ One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be applied and the one-stop settlement will be advanced. The real-time sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored, as well.‎ ‎“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decisions made.” Li said. “In recent years, top-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patents. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”‎ To solve the problem, a two-pronged (双管齐下的) approach must be taken. One is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing of quality medical resources.‎ The government will see to it that long-distance healthcare services cover all county-level hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that high-speed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for long-distance healthcare services.‎ ‎8. According to the text, which of the following services won’t a patient enjoy online?‎ A. Receiving a medical operation.‎ B. Asking doctors for advice after the test.‎ C. Several doctors discussion about the disease.‎ D. Making an appointment with a doctor in advance.‎ ‎9. Why is the demand for health services increasing in China?‎ A. The expense of medical care.‎ B. The recognition of health insurance.‎ C. The improvement of people’s life quality.‎ D. The inconvenience of hospital equipment.‎ ‎10. What does Li mean by saying “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures”?‎ A. The bills are impossible to afford.‎ B. The situations are urgent to improve.‎ C. The measures are perfectly worked out,‎ D. The hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.‎ ‎11. What can be the suitable title for the text?‎ A. Modern Hospitals B. Online Healthcare on its Way C. No More Burden for General People D. Wide Applications of Internet Service ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B ‎【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是关于中国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗服务的详细内容报道。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (会诊), reservations and test result inquiries.”可知，高级医院被鼓励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会诊，预约挂号和检查结果查询，并没有提到医疗手术。所以选项A正确。‎ ‎9. 细节理解题。根据第三段“As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly.”可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家行列，对健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求增加的原因。所以答案选C。‎ ‎10. 推理判断题。由第三段“Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.”可知，‎ 公共卫生服务一直是公众关注的焦点。由第五段“In recent years, top-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patents. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources still fall short of meeting the growing demand of the public.”可知，近年来医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，高端医疗资源无法满足公众日益增长的需求。所以目前医疗资源不足等问题日益严重和紧迫，所以中国政府必须抓紧时间采取措施解决问题。所以答案选B。‎ ‎11. 主旨大意题。由文章开头“China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。所以选项B符合问题。‎ ‎2.B【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学2018届高三联考】‎ LIANG TAO sold 80 pink Givenchy bags in 12 minutes. Becky Fang sold 100 Mini Cooper cars in just five. Both are wanghong, literally “red-hot on the web”. Every day millions of Chinese search social media for wanghong posts or tune in to live-streams for wanghong’s opinions on everything. The fans are helping this new Chinese Internet star to make money out of their popularity—and to shake up the country’s e-commerce industry in the process.‎ A few of wanghong have been hired by luxury brands. Jaeger-LeCoultre, a Swiss watchmaker, hired Papi Jiang for a video ad targeting young urbanites (都市人), including her 27m fans on Sina Weibo, a Twitter-like microblog. Zhang Yi of iiMedia Research, a consulting firm, estimates that up to 15% of sales on shopping sites like Taobao or social-media apps such as WeChat are influenced by wanghong’s public support. The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong’s fans; its launch date might be based on the number of hits, shares or comments it collects, some of which can cause last-minute design changes.‎ This poses a new challenge for retailers(零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong’s opinions. Whereas previously a company would look for a celebrity to match its image, wanghong and their admirers are shaping goods.‎ Another challenge comes directly from wanghong themselves. They increasingly make money not merely from online support or advice but by launching their own e-commerce stores. Sales of goods accounted for just under half of wanghong earnings of 53bn yuan ($8bn) in 2016, estimates Analysys, a Chinese market-research firm (the rest came mostly from live-show tips and adverts).‎ Some wanghong are going a step further. In November Becky Fang launched her own clothing line. Part of her motivation, she says, was that the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers. By creating her own brand, Becky’s Fantasy, she have full control of the quality. She also gains a new income. For the time being only 3-5% of wanghong follow Becky Fang’s example, iiMedia Research estimates. But it expects the model to become an industry in its own right, including entertainment and e-commerce, and driven by online data.‎ ‎4. Why can wanghong use their popularity to make money?‎ A. Because they are Internet stars.‎ B. Because they use social media.‎ C. Because their opinions influence fans.‎ D. Because they can shake the e-commerce industry.‎ ‎5. What is the characteristic of the products supported by wanghong?‎ A. It is fans-based. B. It is social-media-based.‎ C. It is design-shared. D. It is youth-targeted.‎ ‎6. What are the challenges for retailers?‎ A. Online support and advice.‎ B. Increasing sales of goods online.‎ C. Quick responses to the market changes.‎ D. Wanghong’s opinions and e-commerce stores.‎ ‎7. Why do some wanghong create their own brands?‎ A. Because they want to attract more fans.‎ B. Because they want to share with their followers.‎ C. Because they want to set up a new industry model.‎ D. Because the brands they speak for can’t satisfy their fans.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D ‎【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了网红正在利用自身的人气帮助一些品牌销售，因为他们的观点影响着粉丝，并在这个过程中撼动中国的电子商务行业。‎ ‎5. 推理判断题。根据第二段中The length of a dress might be decided by a survey of a wanghong’s fans; its launch date might be based on the number of hits, shares or comments it collects, some of which can cause last-minute design changes.可知，网红所支持的产品的特点是以粉丝为基础的。故A项正确。‎ ‎6. 细节理解题。根据第三段中This poses a new challenge for retailers (零售商), whose supply chains must respond ever more quickly to wanghong’s opinions.和第四段中Another challenge comes directly from wanghong themselves. They increasingly make money not merely from online support or advice but by launching their own e-commerce stores.可知，网红的观点和他们开设的网上商店是对零售商的挑战。故D项正确。‎ ‎7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Part of her motivation, she says, was that the brands she supported did not always match the trends she was sharing with her followers. By creating her own brand, Becky’s Fantasy, she have full control of the quality.可知，网红之所以创造他们自己的品牌是因为他们代言的品牌不能满足他们的粉丝。故D项正确。‎ ‎3.A【河北省石家庄市第二中学2018届高三仿真模拟（一）】‎ It’s a white Christmas in the United States today, with snow falling from Seattle to Maine.‎ ‎• Northeast Biting winds with snow swept the Northeast.‎ Earlier, up to 15 inches of snow fell during a snow storm in Maine, while up to one foot fell in New Hampshire. Winds reached 76 mph on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, while up to 61 mph winds tore through Long Island, New York. Falling snow collected on the runways at Boston’s Logan International Airport, causing temporary flight delays.‎ The wind was so severe in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that the annual (重演) of George Washington and his soldiers’crossing the Delaware River was canceled, the Washington Crossing Historic Park told ABC News.‎ ‎• Midwest Heavy lake effect snow fell in western Michigan.‎ The National Weather Service has issued a wind-chill warning and advisory (公告) from Montana to Michigan. Bitter cold air in the Midwest produced wind chills Monday morning as low as minus 48 degrees in North Dakota and minus 47 in northern Minnesota.‎ As this bitter cold made its way east overnight, it was expected to move over relatively mild Great Lakes, producing intense lake-effect snow bands capabie of producing 2 to 4 inches of snow in an hour.‎ ‎• West Coast That storm system moved overnight through the Rockies, bringing more snow and the threat of avalanches(雪崩). The National Weather Service has issued an avalanche warning for the Wasatch Range Mountains outside Salt Lake City.‎ ‎1. Why was the annual reenactment of George Washington and his soldiers’crossing the Delaware River canceled?‎ A. Because the river was frozen. B. Because the wind was too strong.‎ C. Because the snow was too thick. D. Because the temperature was too low.‎ ‎2. Which of the following is the bad weather that has set in according to the passage?‎ A. The avalanches. B. A white Christmas.‎ C. A mess of people’s life. D. Heavy snow, biting wind and chills.‎ ‎3. What is the style of the passage?‎ A. Weather report.‎ B. News about the effect of bad weather.‎ C. News about bad weather.‎ D. A bad-weather warning and advisory.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】本文是一篇关于极端天气的新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国圣诞节这一天的极端的天气情况。‎ ‎1. 细节理解题。根据文章第5段The wind was so severe in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that the annual reenactment (重演) of George Washington and his soldiers’ crossing the Delaware River was canceled, the Washington Crossing Historic Park told ABC News.可知，因为宾夕法尼亚和新泽西的风极强，所以取消。故选B。‎ ‎2. 细节理解题。根据文章可知，坏天气已经造成了Heavy snow, biting wind and chills（大雪，刺骨的寒风和寒冷），故选D。‎ ‎3. 推理判断题。文章主要报道了美国圣诞节这一天坏的天气情况，并非重点讲坏天气的影响。故选C。‎ ‎4.【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三第二次联考】D China is embracing an era of sharing economy. After sharing bikes, sharing books are the next trend. The book-sharing program at Sanxiaokou Xinhua Bookstore in Hefei, capital of Anhui province, has been running for several months since its launch on July 16, 2017. Customers are encouraged to borrow up to two books, from all books available in this store, for free via an app, pay 99 yuan online as the deposit and return the books within 10 days.‎ A survey of 601 app users conducted by the company in late July found that more than 90 percent of the readers said they may want to keep some of the borrowed books permanently, but they don't want to visit the store again to complete the purchase. When another nine stores joined the book-sharing program in August, the ability to purchase the borrowed books was made available on the app.‎ Zhao Shiping, a manager of the Sanxiaokou store, said that the daily customer flow in the first week of the book-sharing program was about 7,000 while the figure for the same period last year was 5,000 to 6,000. So, book-sharing will reduce barriers for book purchasing and increase customer flow, which will increase the business value of the bookstore, its brand value and increase its value as a partner for companies outside the book sales sector.‎ In addition to bookstores, banks have also joined the trend of book-sharing. Two branches of China Everbright Bank introduced book loan service at the end of this July. The service is free for seven days and 0.1 yuan is charged after that and 0.5 yuan after 21 days. Readers can return borrowed books to any branch of the bank.‎ This book-sharing project, a cooperation between Everbright Bank and an app called Youshugongdu, which translates as "let's read books together", will be expanded to other outlets to turn each outlet into a small community library with 1,000 to 2,000 books.‎ ‎12. What’s the text mainly about?‎ A. Banks begins to sell books B. People tend to share books online C. A book-sharing program has been running D. Bookstores and banks join book-sharing economy ‎13. Which group is benefit of books-sharing according to Paragraph 3?‎ ‎①Increasing the customer flow ‎②Bringing convenience to the bookstores ‎③Reducing the barriers for book purchasing ‎④Increasing the brand value of the bookstores A. ①②③ B. ①②④‎ C. ①③④ D. ②③④‎ ‎14. How much should you pay for borrowing a book from the China Everbright Bank for two weeks?‎ A. ￥0.1 B. ￥0.7‎ C. ￥1.4 D. ￥7‎ ‎15. Where does the text most probably come from?‎ A. A newspaper B. A science fiction C. A technology guide D. A teaching research paper ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】本文主要介绍了合肥共享图书的运行情况，具体规则，和银行联手，推行图书共享计划，共创图书共享经济。‎ ‎13. C细节推理题。根据第三段book-sharing will reduce barriers for book purchasing and increase customer flow, which will increase the business value of the bookstore, its brand value and increase its value as a partner for companies outside the book sales sector.图书共享能减少图书采购的障碍，增加客户流量，增加书店的商业价值，其品牌价值，并增加其作为图书销售部门以外公司的合作伙伴的价值。①③④都正确，故选C.‎ ‎14. B细节推理题。根据倒数第二段The service is free for seven days and 0.1 yuan is charged after that and 0.5 yuan after 21 days.可知7天内免费，之后每天收费0.1元，21天后每天收费0.5元。如果是借书2周应该是7天免费，另外7天每天0.1元，0.1×7＝0.7，故选B.‎ ‎15. A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了合肥共享图书的运行情况，具体规则，和银行联手，推行图书共享计划，共创图书共享经济。此类文章不会出自科幻小说，科技指南，教学研究论文，应该出自报纸报道，故选A.‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。‎ 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：‎ ‎1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨； ‎ ‎2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； ‎ ‎3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2考查共享图书的好处，根据第三段book-sharing will reduce barriers for book purchasing and increase customer flow, which will increase the business value of the bookstore, its brand value and increase its value as a partner for companies outside the book sales sector.图书共享能减少图书采购的障碍，增加客户流量，增加书店的商业价值，其品牌价值，并增加其作为图书销售部门以外公司的合作伙伴的价值。①③④都正确，故选C.小题3考查借书两周的付费情况，根据倒数第二段The service is free for seven days and 0.1 yuan is charged after that and 0.5 yuan after 21 days.可知7天内免费，之后每天收费0.1元，21天后每天收费0.5元。如果是借书2周应该是7天免费，另外7天每天0.1元，0.1×7＝0.7，故选B. ‎ ‎5.D【安徽省合肥市2018届高三年级第一次英语联考】‎ Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss the final €7.2bn tranche(援助资金) of Greece’s €240bn EU/IMF bailout(紧急援助).‎ Ministers said Greece had made “progress” but more work was needed.‎ The Greek government is struggling to meet its payment obligations（责任）.Earlier, Greece began the transfer of €750m (£544m, $834m) in debt interest to the International Monetary Fund - a day ahead of a payment deadline.‎ ‎“The liquidity（资产流动性） issue is a terribly urgent issue. It’s common knowledge, let’s not beat around the bush,” Mr Varoufakis told reporters in Brussels. “From the perspective of timing, we are talking about the next couple of weeks.”‎ Greece has until the end of June to reach a reform deal with its international creditors. Its finances are running so low that it has had to ask public bodies for help. The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default（违约） on its debts and leave the euro.‎ In a statement, the eurozone finance ministers said they “welcomed the progress that has been achieved so far” in the negotiations,” but added: “We acknowledged that more time and effort are needed to bridge the gaps on the remaining open issues.” Eurogroup chairman Jeroen Dijsselbloem said there had to be a full deal on the bailout（紧急财务援助） before Greece received any further payments. “There are time constraints(限制；约束) and liquidity constraints and hopefully we will reach an agreement before time runs out and before money runs out.” he said.‎ There had been fears that Greece would default on its IMF debt repayment due on Tuesday. However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed（实施） on Monday. Almost €1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May.‎ It is unclear how the government came up with the funds, but the mayor of Greece’s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.‎ ‎12. What is Yanis Varoufakis?‎ A. He is Greece’s finance minister.‎ B. He is an expert in the eurozone.‎ C. An official of the International Monetary Fund.‎ D. He is Eurogroup chairman.‎ ‎13. Which of the following could be the worst result if Greece defaulted on its debts?‎ A. The International Monetary Fund would cancel the debt of Greece.‎ B. The EU would help Greece rebuild its financial system.‎ C. Greece might have to leave the eurozone.‎ D. The eurozone would accept Greece.‎ ‎14. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. The EU Get Challenged. B. The International Monetary Fund Reform.‎ C. The EU Face Economic Crisis. D. Greece Two Weeks from Cash Crisis ‎15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. People fear that the International Monetary Fund can’t pay Greece for debt repayment.‎ B. Greece succeeded in paying interest payments to the IMF.‎ C. It is unclear how the government came up with the funds.‎ D. The mayor of Greece’s third city handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】试题分析：希腊财政部长Yanis Varoufakis警告希腊经济可能在几周内崩溃，因为要偿还IMF快到期的借款，最终希腊成功向国际货币基金组织支付利息。‎ ‎【小题2】C 推理判断题。根据第四段The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default（违约） on its debts and leave the euro.可知，希腊可能不得不离开欧元区。故选C。‎ ‎【小题3】D 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks.以及全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述希腊在两周内可能会发生的现金危机。故D项符合题意。‎ ‎【小题4】B 推理判断题。根据最后两段中的However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed（实施） on Monday. Almost €1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May.（希腊财政部一位官员援引一位官员的话说偿还的命令在星期一已经被实施。自从五月初几乎€1bn已被移交给IMF利息支付。）but the mayor of Greece’s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money.（希腊第二大城市的市长Thessaloniki透露上周他已交出了现金储备。）可知，希腊成功向国际货币基金组织支付利息。故选B。‎ ‎6.B【广东省百校联盟2018届高三第二次联考】‎ April 4th was just another day on a Western Australia farm for Zac Mitchell, until it suddenly wasn’t. In an upexpected accident, the cattle worker was feeding the animals in his charge when ‎ one bull cleaned him up and kicked his hand up against the rail, resulting in the thumb on his right hand being cut off. “My thumb was still hanging on the rail... when I got up off the ground,” Zac Mitchell says.‎ His co-workers tried their best to preserve the thumb for reattachment, placing it on ice in a cooler, but two surgeries to put Mitchell’s thumb back in place failed. That’s when doctors came up with another suggestion: Remove one of his big toes to where his thumb used to be.‎ Mitchell’s lead surgeon, Sean Nicklin, understood the man’s dilemma at first, calling it a “bit of a crazy idea”. After all, Zac Mitchell did not want to be injured in another part of his body. But as the thumb is incredibly important function-wise, Mitchell eventually gave in. Nicklin explains that the big toe is surprisingly fit for a thumb switch: Nerves sync up (同步) nicely, and it looks more like a thumb, though a giant one, than any other alternative they may have come up with. He added that big toes aren’t as necessary for balance and walking as people believe. As far as the foot goes, occasional “fine balance” activities like surfing might be difficult, but most people without a big toe function fine in everyday tasks like walking and even competitive sports.‎ The eight-hour surgery went well, and Mitchell is expected to have a year or so of recovery in front of him before he heads back into the fields.‎ ‎4. What happened to Zac Mitchell on April 4th?‎ A. He cleaned up a bull. B. He was badly hurt.‎ C. He started his farm. D. He lost his thumbs.‎ ‎5. What suggestion did the doctor give to Mitchell after the unsuccessful surgery?‎ A. Recreating a new thumb in place.‎ B. Replacing the thumb with his toe.‎ C. Transplanting his co-worker’s thumb.‎ D. Putting back the cut-off thumb again.‎ ‎6. What is Mitchell’s first attitude to the doctor’s another suggestion?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Insignificant.‎ C. Hesitant. D. Rejective.‎ ‎7. According to Nicklin, after the surgery Mitchell is able to .‎ A. surf on the sea B. do daily activities C. only stay at home D. work on wheelchair ‎【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇新闻报道。一个澳大利亚牧场工人的大拇指被一头公牛弄断，目前他的脚趾通过手术被移接到手指的部位。‎ ‎4. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“…resulting in the thumb on his right hand being cut off.”可知，一个牛场工人被一头公牛弄断了大拇指，严重受伤。故选B。‎ ‎5. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That’s when doctors came up with another suggestion: Remove one of his big toes to where his thumb used to be.”可知，在受伤不成功之后，医生提出建议用他的大脚趾代替大拇指。故选B。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。根据第三段二、三句“After all, Zac Mitchell did not want to be injured in another part of his body. But as the thumb is incredibly important function-wise, Mitchell eventually gave in.”可推断，对于医生的另一个建议起初Zac Mitchell是犹豫的，毕竟他不想身体的其他地方受伤。故选C。‎ ‎7. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数两句“He added that big toes aren’t as necessary for balance and walking as people believe. As far as the foot goes, occasional “fine balance” activities like surfing might be difficult, but most people without a big toe function fine in everyday tasks like walking and even competitive sports.”可知，根据Nicklin说的，大脚趾对于平衡和走路不是必须的，在日常活动中，像走路甚至竞技性运动，没有大脚趾的人也做得很好。因此可知Mitchell手术后能够从事日常活动。故选B。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如小题2：‎ ‎【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。‎ ‎【答案定位】根据第二段最后一句“That’s when doctors came up with another suggestion: Remove one of his big toes to where his thumb used to be.”可知，在受伤不成功之后，医生提出建议用他的大脚趾代替大拇指。‎ ‎【推理关系】题干What suggestion did the doctor give to Mitchell after the unsuccessful surgery?‎ ‎☞文章内容Remove one of his big toes to where his thumb used to be.‎ ‎【答案】☞B选项Replacing the thumb with is toe。‎ ‎7.C【河南省中原名校2018届高三第三次质量考评】‎ A ROBOT companion for older people aims to promote activity and deal with loneliness by urging them to take part in digital and physical activities.‎ The ElliQ robot, made by Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics, will be published at the Design Museum in London this week. ElliQ is a small desktop device that consists of a domed (拱形的) “body” and a separate detachable (可拆卸的) screen.‎ Created in collaboration with Swiss designer Yves Behar, the robot is able to encourage a degree of social engagement. Similar to home assistants like the Amazon Echo, people can simply talk to it, and there are visual clues that could be particularly helpful for those with hearing difficulties.‎ A key purpose of ElliQ is to act as an easy platform to access existing services such as social media, and messaging programs. For example, the device could alert the users that their grandchild has posted a new photo on Facebook, show it to them on the screen.‎ ElliQ can recommend activities voluntarily. It might ask if you’re interested in watching a video, for instance, or suggest a walk. It can also act as reminder to take medication.‎ Having a robot constantly offer suggestions could obviously get annoying, so the device uses machine learning to tailor these suggestions to individual preferences. If a suggestion is met with a positive response once, ElliQ might try it again. If not, it might change for a different ‎ tack.‎ ‎8. Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A. A robot companion for older people will strongly advise them to participate in digital and physical activities to be healthy.‎ B. The ElliQ robot is published at the Design Museum in London.‎ C. The screen of the ElliQ robot can be removed if necessary.‎ D. The ElliQ robot is created by Swiss designer Yves Behar and Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics.‎ ‎9. The underlined word “alert” is closest m meaning to .‎ A. declare B. announce C. remind D. say ‎10. ElliQ can serve the following purposes EXCEPT .‎ A. when the user’s friend updates his moments (朋友圈), it can show it to the user on the screen.‎ B. it can recommend some activities even the user doesn’t ask.‎ C. it will constantly give suggestions regardless of the user’s individual preference.‎ D. it can help those with hearing difficulties by offering visual clues.‎ ‎11. In which column we are most likely to find the passage?‎ A. News & Technology B. People C. Health D International Affairs ‎【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了一款可以陪伴老年人的机器人将要上市，这款机器人可以提醒老年人参加各种活动。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。由The ElliQ robot, made by Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics, will be published at the Design Museum in London this week. 可知ElliQ机器人还没有被发行，而是将要被发行，所以B选项的表述不正确，故选B。‎ ‎9. 细节理解题。由For example, the device could alert the users that their grandchild has posted a new photo on Facebook, show it to them on the screen.可知这句话的意思是这个装置可以提醒用户，他们的孙子在脸书上发布了一张新的照片，所以“alert”的意思是提醒。declare ‎ ‎ 宣布，announce宣布，remind 提醒， say说，故选C。‎ ‎11. 推理判断题。这篇文章主要介绍了一款可以陪伴老年人的机器人将要上市，这款机器人可以提醒老年人参加各种活动，所以这篇文章最可能出现在新闻报道中的科学技术版块，故选A。‎ 名师点睛：这篇阅读中最难的是小题4，要求同学们一定要读懂这篇文章，这篇文章主要介绍了一款可以陪伴老年人的机器人将要上市，这款机器人可以提醒老年人参加各种活动。由The ElliQ robot, made by Israel-based start-up Intuition Robotics, will be published at the Design Museum in London this week. 可判断出这篇文章是一篇新闻报道，然后根据生活常识，可知这篇文章最可能出现在新闻报道中的科学技术版块。‎ ‎8.A【江西省2018届高三毕业班新课程教学质量监测】‎ US president Donald Trump has popularized the phrase “fake news” But not too long ago these words in combination would have meant little to everyday English speakers.‎ Anatoly Liberman, a German, writes about the origins of the word “fake”. The word, it turns out, has a very dark past. The best guess for how “fake” became mainstream, argues Liberman, is that it was a kind used by thieves in the London underworld. But“how it got there, nobody in the world knows, and probably nobody will ever know,” he tells Quartz.‎ Liberman is a professor at the University of Minnesota and the author of Word Origins and How We Know Them. He writes that early records of “fake” as an English adjective appeared around the middle of the 18th century. The word likely comes from cant, or thief jargon(行话).‎ The OED mentions “fake” as a verb starting in 1819, which basically meant‘to do”in jargon, but also“to kill , wound, or rob”. An entry from a dictionary that year reads :‎ ‎“To fake any person or place, to rob them ;to fake a person may also imply to shoot, wound, or cut; to fake a man out and out, is to kill him.”‎ Liberman traces the word next to Chares Dickens, who used “cly-faker”，where “cly” means pocket, in Oliver Twist. This is how he believes knowledge of “fake”as a word that means to steal, spread. Eventually it became a commonplace English word.‎ ‎1. The underlined word “fake” in Paragraph 1 probably means .‎ A. lying B. true C. common D. interesting ‎2. What can we learn about Anatoly Liberman?‎ A. He is skilled in some foreign languages.‎ B. He is interested in all the English words.‎ C. He lived in England for a long time.‎ D. He likes writing articles in English very much.‎ ‎3. What is mainly discussed in this passage?‎ A. The history of English words.‎ B. Some stories about English words.‎ C. The importance of the English word “fake”‎ D. The origins of an English word.‎ ‎4. What can we infer from this passage?‎ A. We must focus on the words of Donald Trump.‎ B. We should study English words very carefully.‎ C. “Fake” likely comes from words used by a class of people.‎ D. Anatoly Liberman likes to trace the commonplace English words.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C ‎【解析】美国总统特朗普使得“假新闻”这个词成为流行词。文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话。意为“做”，“杀死”，“偷”等意思。‎ ‎1. 词义猜测题。美国总统特朗普17日在社交媒体推特上发布了他选出的2017年度“假新闻奖”。从而使得“假新闻”一词成为流行词。由此可知，fake的意思应为“假的”，结合选项，A选项正确。‎ ‎2. 推理判断题。由第三段中的“Liberman is a professor at the University of Minnesota and the author ‎ of Word Origins and How We Know Them”可知，利伯曼是明尼苏达大学的教授，也是《词源，我们如何探知它们》一书的作者。且在文中他探索了fake一词的起源。由此可以推知，他非常擅长外语。A选项正确。‎ ‎3. 主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Anatoly Liberman, a German, writes about the origins of the word “fake””和下文的具体介绍可知，文章探讨了“fake”这个词的起源。D选项正确。‎ ‎4. 推理判断题。由第二段中的“The best guess for how “fake” became mainstream, argues Liberman, is that it was a kind used by thieves in the London underworld”可知，利伯曼提出，关于“fake”一词如何成为主流词，最可靠的猜测应该是，它曾是伦敦底层社会里小偷之间的行话。故结合选项可知，C选项正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义： 运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。‎ ‎9.A【山西省三区八校2017届高三下学期二模联考】‎ Many of you are studying hard because you have to compete with many others in the upcoming national college entrance exam. But it may not occur to you that one of your competitors is a robot. An artificial intelligence(AI) robot will take part in the 2017 National College Entrance Exam, reported China Daily.‎ ‎“The robot will sit three exams: math, Chinese, and a comprehensive test of liberal arts (文科), which includes history, politics and geography,” Lin Hui, CEO of an AI company in Chengdu. Like the others who take the exam, the robot will have to finish the tests in the given time. But instead of taking exams together with other students, the robot will take its exams in a closed room without anyone else present, except for proctors(监考人)and a notary(公证人). It is expected to be totally disconnected from the Internet and solve the problems with its AI program.‎ It’s believed that Chinese and the test of its liberal arts skills, rather than its math skills, will give the robot its biggest challenges. Questions in math are objective with specific answers, while in the other test subjects there are some subjective questions that test skills such as reading comprehension and essay writing.‎ The robot aims to be enrolled in one of the first-class Chinese universities in 2017, and then try to get into the more famous universities of Tsinghua or Peking University in 2020.‎ ‎21. The author wrote the passage in order to _________.‎ A. lay more burden on Grade 3 students B. inform readers of the explosive news C. introduce the function of the robot D. predict what robots will do in the future ‎22. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?‎ A. The differences between the robot and other candidates B. The specific information about how the robot will take the exam C. The ideal universities of the robot D. The advantages the robot has ‎23. Which is one of the biggest challenges for the robot candidate?‎ A. Math calculating B. Objective questions C. Liberal arts skills D. Physics questions ‎24. Choose the correct one according to the passage.‎ A. The robot candidate will have its separate proctors B. The robot will participate in Chinese, English, math and science C. The robot is not designed to be admitted to universities D. The robot connected from the Internet will sit for the college entrance exam ‎【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A ‎【解析】文章向我们介绍了一个爆炸性的新闻：据《中国日报》报道，一个具有人工智能的机器人将要参加2017年的高考，参加语文，数学以及文科综合科目的考试。‎ ‎23. 推理判断题。根据第三段内容It’s believed that Chinese and the test of its liberal arts skills, rather than its math skills, will give the robot its biggest challenges. Questions in math are objective with specific answers, while in the other test subjects there are some subjective ‎ questions that test skills such as reading comprehension and essay writing.可知，人们认为语文将给机器人最大的挑战，因为数学题是客观的，有确定的答案；而语文有一些主观题去测试阅读理解和文章写作能力，也就是主观题的挑战最大，故选C。‎ ‎24. 推理判断题。根据第二段But instead of taking exams together with other students, the robot will take its exams in a closed room without anyone else present, except for proctors(监考人)and a notary(公证人).可知，机器人参加考试时，是在一个只有监考人和公证人在场的教室里，故A正确；机器人只参加语文，数学和文综考试，故B错误；由最后一段可知，机器人的目的是2017年注册中国的一流大学，故C表述错误；第二段最后一句It is expected to be totally disconnected from the Internet and solve the problems with its AI program.可知D错误；故本题选A。‎ ‎10. B China, the world’s biggest vehicle market, is considering a ban on the production and sale of fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars to stimulate the production of electric vehicles as Beijing seeks to ease pollution.‎ The move would follow similar plans announced by France and Britain to declare the sale of fossil fuel cars and trucks illegal from 2040 in order to forbid harmful emissions (排放).‎ Xin Guobin, vice-minister of industry and information technology, told a forum (论坛) in the northern city of Tianjin at the weekend that his ministry had started “the related research” and was working on a timetable for China. He said the policy would come into force “in the near future”, according to the official Xinhua news agency.‎ ‎“These measures will promote significant changes in the environment and give chances to China’s auto industry development,” he said in remarks broadcast by CCTV state television.‎ ‎“Companies should do their best to improve the level of energy saving for traditional cars, and develop new energy vehicles according to potential needs,” he said.‎ The government introduced in June a rule to force vehicle manufacturers to produce more electrically powered vehicles by 2020. As the measure turns up, foreign vehicle manufacturers have announced plans to promote the production of electric cars in China.‎ Volvo will introduce its first 100% electric car in China in 2019, while Ford will market its first vehicle powered by fossil fuel and electricity early next year and expects 70% of all its cars available in China will be powered by electricity by 2025.‎ ‎24. What is the reason that China is considering a ban on the production and sale of fossil fuel cars?‎ A. The reason is that China tries to reduce pollution.‎ B. The reason is that fossil fuel is running out.‎ C. The reason is that China tries to promote the production of electric vehicles.‎ D. The reason is that the production and sale of fossil fuel cars will be illegal.‎ ‎25. What does the ban on the production and sale of fossil fuel cars benefit besides China’s environment?‎ A. Its development. B. Its production of electric cars.‎ C. Its auto industry development. D. Its exchange with foreign countries.‎ ‎26. What does the underlined word “turn up” in Paragraph 6 mean?‎ A. Increase the amount. B. Appear. C. Be found by digging D. Happen ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。它报道说：为缓解污染压力，为刺激电动轿车的生产，中国正在考虑限制化石燃料轿车的生产与销售。为禁止有害排放，法国和英国宣布：从2040起，销售化石燃料轿车为违法。中国在今年6月份采取一项措施：强迫车辆制造商到2020年制造出更多电动轿车。这促使沃尔沃、福特等知名车辆制造商也将参与其中。‎ ‎24. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Beijing seeks to ease pollution.”可知：A项 “由于要设法减少污染”正确。此处Beijing指代China.‎ ‎25. C【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段中的“give chances to China’s auto industry development” 可知：C项正确。‎ ‎26. B【命题意图】词义猜测题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据语境和四个选项的意义(A:增加量、调大；B:出现；C:通过挖掘找到；D:发生)确定B项正确。‎ ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1.[2017 · 云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性考试]‎ Marvin Minsky is often called the Father of Artificial Intelligence.His work helped inspire the creation of the personal computer and the Internet.‎ Artificial Intelligence Before Minsky, computers were more like calculators, performing maths operations at speeds much faster than humans.Minsky was the first to say that computers can one day be as intelligent as human beings.He was so convinced about this, that in 1919, he and his friend John McCarthy invented the term “Artificial Intelligence” at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.‎ Minsky wrote a book called Perceptrons, describing a particular type of “artificial neural (神经的) network”．Neural networks have made a comeback in a new field of Computer Science called Deep Learning.Deep Learning is used to recognize things and people in pictures (as seen in Facebook and Google Photos), language translation (try Google Translate sometimes), and so on.‎ Robotics, Microscopes and Virtual Reality How many of you have done Robotics at school and loved it? You have Minsky to thank again, for his work on Robotics.One of his biggest inventions was the confocal scanning microscope, an instrument that is still widely used today in medical and scientific research.‎ Minsky was really futuristic.He created one of the first headmounted graphics displays (头戴式图形显示), which gave rise to the exciting area of Virtual Reality.This year, Facebook is releasing Oculus, a virtual reality headset, which you can use to play games with your friends in a 3D environment.‎ Minsky's major prediction that computers will one day become as intelligent as humans is now called the Theory of Singularity.‎ ‎1. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A．Minsky himself invented the term “Artificial Intelligence” in MIT.‎ B．Minsky transformed computer into a machine more intelligent than human beings.‎ C．Apart from Information Technology, Minsky's invention is also used in medical field.‎ D．Minsky invented a headset, with which players can play games in a 3D environment.‎ ‎2. Which is NOT the function of Deep Learning?‎ A．Recognize people in Facebook. ‎ B．Spot items in Google Photos.‎ C．Summarize main idea of a passage. ‎ D．Translate English into French.‎ ‎3. Which is NOT one of Minsky's characteristics according to the passage?‎ A．Farsighted. ‎ B．Creative. ‎ C．Pioneering. ‎ D．Considerate.‎ ‎4. In which section of a newspaper can you read this passage?‎ A．Technology. B．Travel. ‎ C．Environment. D．Life.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了被称为“人工智能之父”的马文·明斯基(Marvin Minsky)在信息科技方面做出的贡献。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段的 “One of his biggest inventions was the confocal scanning microscope, an instrument that is still widely used today in medical and scientific research.”可知，除了信息科技，Minsky的发明也用在医学领域。故选C。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段的 “His work helped inspire the creation of the personal computer and the Internet.”可知，Minsky是有创造力的；根据第二段的“Minsky was the first to say that computers can one day be as intelligent as human beings.”可知，Minsky是有远见和开创性的。文章没有提到Minsky是考虑周到的。故选D。‎ ‎4．A　推理判断题。文章介绍了被称为“人工智能之父”的马文·明斯基(Marvin Minsky)在信息科技方面做出的贡献，所以本文出自报纸的科技版面，故选A。‎ ‎2. [2017 · 四川省广安、遂宁、内江、眉山高三一诊]‎ ‎ In a shocking upset, 70yearold Republican candidate Donald Trump rode a wave to victory as voters elected him the 5th President of the United States.‎ ‎ Actually，a lot of experts had predicted that Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton would come out on top.Throughout the campaign，one of Trump's main challenges was to persuade voters that he has the attitude，knowledge and judgment to be president.In the end，he was able to attract ‎ more than enough voters to his side.‎ ‎ Hillary Clinton admitted the election to Trump in a phone call at around 2：30 am.“ Hillary has worked very long and very hard over a long period of time，”Trump told his supporters during his victory speech.“We owe her a major debt of gratitude for her service to our country.”‎ ‎ Hillary Clinton delivered her speech later in the day.“We must accept this result and then look to the future，”she told her disappointed supporters.“Donald Trump is going to be our president.We owe him an open mind and the chance to lead.”‎ ‎ Trump's rise to the presidency comes after a long career as a realestate developer.He built skyscrapers，resorts and golf courses.He also risked other businesses, including Trump Steaks，Trump Natural Spring Water，and an airline called Trump Shuttle.In 2004, he became a TV star with the reality show The Apprentice.‎ ‎ Now Trump and his team will have to face many difficult things.They'll have to work to bring the country together after a divisive campaign that upset millions of Americans.Throughout the country，millions of Americans are out of work and struggling to make ends meet.The new president must also address international issues.They include the war on terrorism and the refugee crisis.Still, Trump says he sees a bright future ahead.“Every single American will have the opportunity to realize his or her fullest potential，”he told his supporters.‎ ‎1. What should many experts think of Trump's victory?‎ A．It is expected. B．It is satisfying.‎ C．It is annoying. D．It is surprising.‎ ‎2. How old was Donald Trump when he became a TV star?‎ A．10 years old. B．14 years old.‎ C．58 years old. D．62 years old.‎ ‎3. What can be learned about Donald Trump from the passage?‎ A．He is a successful businessman.‎ B．He has been serving in government.‎ C．He thought badly of Hillary Clinton.‎ D．He is worried about America.‎ ‎4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The problems with America.‎ B．The challenges Trump will face.‎ C．Trump's ideas about his future work.‎ D．The decisions Trump will have to make.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文为新闻报道。文章介绍了最新当选的美国总统特朗普获胜的过程及人生经历和将要面临的各种新挑战。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Actually, a lot of experts had predicted that Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton would come out on top.” (实际上，很多专家曾预言，民主党总统候选人希拉里·克林顿将是胜出者)可推知，特朗普 (Donald Trump) 获胜是令人惊讶的。故选D。‎ ‎2．C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In a shocking upset，70yearold Republican candidate Donald Trump…” 可推知，特朗普出生于1946年；再根据倒数第二段中的“In 2004, he became a TV star with the reality show The Apprentice.”可推算出，特朗普成为电视明星时是58岁。故选C。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Trump's rise to the presidency comes after a long career as a realestate developer.He built skyscrapers, resorts and golf courses.He also risked other businesses, including Trump Steaks, Trump Natural Spring Water, and an airline called Trump Shuttle.”可推断出，特朗普是一名非常成功的商人。故选A。‎ ‎4．B　段落大意题。根据倒数第一段中的“Now Trump and his team will have to face many difficult things.”及段落陈述可知，本段主要介绍特朗普将要面临的各种挑战。故选B。 ‎ ‎3. 【安徽省六安市第一中学2017届高三6月适应性考试】D The 2016 Rio Olympic Games have come to an end. Without about, many Chinese sports fans sat in front of the TV and cheered our athletes on, hoping that they would get as many gold medals as possible.‎ But sometimes our desire for gold medals can result in the sadness of failure. When Liu Xiang, China’s track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics due to injury, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.‎ But things are different now. In the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, we saw a healthier and more lenient Chinese attitude toward the sportspeople, fully in line with the Olympic spirit.‎ China didn’t win any gold medals on the first day. But, instead of criticizing the athletes who failed to finish on top of the podium(领奖台), the majority of fans were happy with their ‎ efforts. “Reacting in the right way when an athlete misses out on gold shows the maturity of a person, and is also a challenge for a country to face up to in the process of development,” commented CRI.‎ Swimmer Fu Yuanhui won fans’ hearts, even if she only won a bronze medal in the 100m backstroke final. Her fans on her Sina Weibo micro blog have increased 100,000 to over 6 million. Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude toward competition.‎ ‎“The warm support from Internet users shows that public attitude toward competitive sport and the Olympics have gotten to a higher level,” said an article in the People’s Daily.‎ ‎12.From passage 2, what can we know about Liu Xiang?‎ A. He is still a famous athlete B. He didn’t complete his event in the Beijing Olympics C. The audience desired him little D. He was required to give up the competition ‎13.What does the underlined word “lenient” mean in Paragraph 3?‎ A. unhappy B. serious C. complaining D. tolerant ‎14.People like Fu Yuanhui because of her     .‎ A. kindness to the fans B. winning a bronze medal C. attitude to competition D. Weibo mirco blog ‎15.What does the author mainly want to tell us in this passage?‎ A. Learning how to face up to challenge B. Winning gold medals is important C. Changing attitude to athletes is a must D. Getting as many gold medals as possible ‎【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A ‎【解析】试题分析：本文是在学习如何面对挑战。‎ ‎【小题1】B推理判断题。根据第二段中When Liu Xiang, China’s track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics due to injury, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.可知刘翔因伤没参加北京奥运会。故选B。‎ ‎【小题2】D词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知：刘翔因伤没能参加北京奥运会，他使很多中国体育迷感到失望。但是到了2016年里约奥运会情况不一样了，我们看到一个更健康、更宽容的中国人对运动的态度。可知划线此的意思是：容忍的。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。1.抓住所需推断词汇前后的“mean”或系动词或破折号等直接定义该词的部分。2.抓住文章主旨与该段所表达的中心。特别对于议论文要牢记论点与论据的相互支撑关系。【小题2】D词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知：刘翔因伤没能参加北京奥运会，他使很多中国体育迷感到失望。但是到了2016年里约奥运会情况不一样了，我们看到一个更健康、更宽容的中国人对运动的态度。可知划线此的意思是：容忍的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查新闻报道类阅读 ‎4. 【福建省福州第一中学2017届高三5月质检（最后一模）】A After ruling the tennis world for almost five years,Roger Federer is adjusting to life at NO.2.But,like any king whose throne has been taken away,the Swiss star is already planning secretly bis return to power,beginning at this week's US Open.‎ The problem is,many experts think he will never do it.They blame everything from age and tough competition to his racket and psychology.‎ For years Federer,had enjoyed the view from the top.Competitors saw him as undefeated,and for the most part he was.However,before the 2008 season began,Federer had an illness that stole his strength and clearly affected his play on the court.Ever since,he has struggled to return to form,winning just two of his last 14 tournaments.‎ ‎"Twenty-seven is an age when your body starts talking back to you."tennis great John McEnroe told the New York Times.‎ Pancho Sefura,another tennis great,noted that Federer is also facing a maturing crop of young talents."There are too many great players now,"he said,naming Britain's Andy  Murray,21,and Latvia's Ernests Gulbis,20.‎ US magazine Sports Illustrated tennis columnist Jon Wertheim suggested that part of Federer's problem could be his insistence on using a small racket.He says that the smaller head demands ball control.But we see time and again that racket makers try to get players to use a certain stick-one they would like to market to consumers and it has a negative effect on the professional game.‎ Sports psychologist Jim Loehr told the Times that Federer is probably feeling "a sense of doubt"after being considered as undefeated for so long.If Federer is to recover his state of being undefeated,Loehr said he must overcome his doubt."Federer doesn't need fame and money.But he has to get better.He has to go t.o a whole new level.That's the only way he stays in the game,"he said.‎ As for beginning his first Grand Slam in ages as the NO.2 seed,Federer said it might be for the best."Five years almost,I was expected to win every tournament I entered,"he said,"so maybe Rafael Nadal now feels what I had to feel for a very long time.It will be interesting to see how he handles it."‎ ‎1.What does the underlined part "your body starts talking back to you" in Para.4 mean?‎ A. Your body often argues with you.‎ B. You can do whatever you want.‎ C. Your strength is beginning to decline.‎ D. You are more easily to have quite terrible diseases.‎ ‎2.From the passage,we know the main reason why Federer's throne was taken away is that      .‎ A. he is becoming older and older B. he insisted on using a small racket C. he is facing a maturing crop of young talents D. he had an illness that stole his strength ‎3.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Now it is Nadal who has replaced Federer as the No.1 tennis player.‎ B. the racket makers aim at the players' better performance in games.‎ C. It is impossible for Federer to return to power.‎ D. Federer has never won a Grand Slam before.‎ ‎4.What's the best title of the passage?‎ A. Nadal—The No.1 Tennis Player B. Federer—Always Undefeated C. State of Mind Plays a Important Role D. Federer Hopes to Recover His Magic ‎【答案】1.C2.D3.A4.D ‎【解析】试题分析：称霸网坛 5 年之后，瑞士名将罗杰.费德勒已沦为 网坛老二，尽管他放言要重返霸主地位，但人们对此心存疑虑。网坛代有人才出，他是否能如愿呢？‎ ‎1.考查句意猜测。第三段说，27 岁的费德勒疾病缠身， 已经力不从心，由此判断画线部分的含义是 C 项，在 27 岁这个年龄， “你的体力开始衰退”。 选 C。‎ ‎2.考查细节理解。第三段说，在 2008 赛季之前费德勒 生了一场病， 之后他一直努力重返霸主地位， 但只赢了最后 14 场锦标 赛中的两场。后文讲的都是他无法重返霸主地位的部分原因。选 D。‎ ‎3.考查推理判断。文章开头说费德勒称霸网坛 5 年， 最后一段他说，“将近 5 年的时间里，大家都预料我逢赛必赢，现在 拉菲尔?纳达尔的感受和我那么长时间里的感受一样”，由此判断，拉 菲尔.纳达尔是当今网坛的头号选手。选 A。‎ ‎4.考查标题归纳。全文围绕曾经称霸网坛的瑞士名将 罗杰.费德勒展开叙述，讨论他重返霸主地位的可能性，因此选 D。‎ 考点：考查人物传记类短文 ‎5. 【黑龙江省哈尔滨市2017届高三模拟试题（三）】C When we hear of dangerous diseases, cancer and heart disease are often what first come to mind. Recently, a virus called Ebola has reappeared in Guinea, killing 62 people so far. It leads to high fever, bleeding and so on. Ebola can kill 90% of those infected (感染), especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa.‎ Ebola is named after the Ebola River, where it was first discovered in 1976. There are five different types of the Ebola virus, each named after where they first happened: Sudan, Ivory Coast, Reston, Bundibugyo, and Zaire. The deadliest of the five, Zaire, was responsible for the 2012 outbreak, and is believed to be attacking Guinea.‎ Ebola is naturally found in fruit bats, which pass on the virus to other animals by biting or sucking on their blood. Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids (体液) of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus.‎ Since we live in an interconnected world, where the situation in one country can affect us all, the effects of Ebola are huge: damaging trade relations, affecting foreign visitors, and weakening entire countries. Already the Guinea virus is spreading fast with a few cases spotted in Conakry—the capital city of Guinea, far away from the origin of the virus. It is feared that the disease may have already reached neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone, too.‎ Unfortunately, there are no disease-specific treatments for Ebola. Healthcare workers only supply the infected people with water to keep them in good condition. Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients, they are forced to wear strict protective clothes, and in some cases, not even allowed to get close to the infected. The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the outbreak a challenging one to control.‎ ‎9.From the text we know that ________.‎ A. Ebola is naturally found in fruit B. Ebola is a highly infectious virus C. Ebola is a newly discovered disease D. Ebola is recently controlled in Guinea ‎10.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?‎ A. The causes of Ebola.‎ B. The origin of Ebola.‎ C. The treatment for Ebola.‎ D. The influences of Ebola.‎ ‎11.In Ebola infected areas, healthcare workers _______.‎ A. face the danger of catching virus B. take measures to protect the nurses C. give water and medicine to the patients D. do whatever they can to save the infected ‎12.The text probably comes from ________.‎ A. an English newspaper B. a tourist guide C. a safety brochure D. a medical report ‎【答案】9.B10.D11.A12.A ‎【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了埃博拉病毒的来源、传播途径、危害和爆发后无药可救的现状。‎ ‎9.推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句Ebola can kill 90% of those infected (感染病菌的), especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa和第三段第二句Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids (体液) of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus可推断，埃博拉病毒是高传染性病毒，故选B。‎ ‎11.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三句“Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients”可推知，医疗保健工作人员在照顾感染了埃博拉病毒的病人时将会面临被感染的危险。故选A。‎ ‎12.推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章对埃博拉病毒的发源、传播途径、危害和在非洲国家爆发后难以控制的现状进行了介绍，因此推断文章可能来自一份英文报纸。故选A。‎ ‎6. 【河北省衡水中学2017届高三下学期仿真模拟（四）】B Amazon is breaking into physical retail in a new way. The online retail giant revealed a new kind of physical store concept in a video published on Monday.‎ The store, called Amazon Go, doesn't work like a typical Walmart or supermarket. Instead, it's designed so that shoppers will use an app, also called Amazon Go, to automatically add the products that they plan to buy to a digital shopping cart by scanning a QR code(二维码). They can then walk out of the building without waiting in a checkout line because Amazon will charge their Amazon account and send them a receipt.‎ The first Amazon Go store is located in Seattle, where Amazon is headquartered. For years, there have been rumors the e-commerce company would expand its dominance from digital to physical shopping. Amazon began experimenting with physical bookstores a year ago, but Amazon Go may mark its boldest bet on physical ones yet. By removing much of the staff needed to operate a store, Amazon keeps costs lower than traditional competitors. It's also in a strong position to bring together data on its customers' shopping habits online and offline to make better suggestions in all situations.‎ However, Amazon's move deeper into physical retail shops comes in a sensitive political climate. The company could be perceived as being a threat to some of the 3.4 million Americans who work as cashiers, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. On the campaign trail, Donald Trump repeatedly criticized Amazon and its founder Jeff Bezos for “getting away with murder tax-wise” and having “a huge antitrust(反垄断) problem.” Will the President& shy; elect add “job killer” to the list of criticisms?‎ Amazon's effort to launch a new kind of retail store predates(在……之前) the rise of Donald Trump. “Four years ago we asked ourselves: what if we could create a shopping experience with no lines and no checkout? Could we push the boundaries of computer vision and machine learning to create a store where customers could simply take what they want and go?” The company says on an informational page about Amazon Go. For now, Amazon is starting slow. The Amazon Go is only open to Amazon employees in our Beta program, and is scheduled to open to the public in early 2017.‎ ‎4.In Amazon Go, people can ________ .‎ A. buy products by paying cash B. buy carts without scanning a QR code C. have no bother to check out and queue D. use an app to wait in a checkout line ‎5.What can we infer from the third paragraph?‎ A. Amazon has dominated the physical bookstores.‎ B. Amazon can contribute to reducing the cost of staff.‎ C. Amazon manages to take the place of physical shopping.‎ D. Amazon can ignore each customer's advice in all situations.‎ ‎6.The reason why Donald Trump repeatedly criticized Amazon Go is that Amazon Go  ________ .‎ A. would result in a political crisis B. would threaten the career of cashiers C. may result in a huge antitrust D. is No.1 job killer in the list of criticisms ‎7.The main purpose of writing the passage is  ________ .‎ A. to introduce the Amazon Go store B. to explain how Amazon Go works C. to arouse people's interest in Amazon D. to indicate Trump's attitude to Amazon ‎【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A ‎【解析】这篇文章是一篇新闻，讲述了亚马逊向实体零售领域发展，推出了亚马逊Go这一模式，但这一商业模式遭到总统川普的批评，因为它威胁了收银员的工作，并且可能违反“反垄断法”。‎ ‎4.细节理解题。由第一段可知，在亚马逊Go中，人们通过扫二维码购买东西，不用排队和付款，亚马逊自动从顾客的亚马逊账户中扣款，故选C项，顾客不需要结账和排队。‎ ‎5.细节推断。根据第三段“Amazon began experimenting with physical bookstores a year ago（一年前，亚马逊开始在实体书店市场试水）”可知，A项“亚马逊占领了实体书店市场”错误。由第三段By removing much of the staff needed to operate a store, Amazon keeps costs lower than traditional competitors.可知，因为不需要那么多员工，亚马逊的费用比传统竞争者要低，B项正确。C项“亚马逊设法要取代实体购物市场”和D项“亚马逊从来都不采纳顾客的意见”在第三段没有涉及，无法从第三段推断出，故选B。‎ ‎6.细节推断题。本题答案在第四段中，Donald Trump repeatedly criticized Amazon and its founder Jeff Bezos for ……  having “a huge antitrust(反垄断) problem.（川普批评亚马逊，因为它在反垄断方面有问题）可知，故选C。‎ ‎7.主旨大意题。本文首先介绍了亚马逊Go，然后描述了这种新的实体超市模式，接着介绍了人们对此模式的不同评论，最后说明了亚马逊Go下一步的发展计划。因此，总体来看，本文就是对亚马逊Go的一次全面介绍，应选A。B、D都只是文章的部分内容，C引起人们的兴趣可能是文章的目的，不是文章的主要目的。‎ ‎7. 【甘肃省西北师范大学附属中学2017届高三下学期第四次校内诊断】D New York Time—A gunman killed eight people at a mall in Omaha this afternoon and then killed himself, setting off panic among holiday shoppers,the police said.‎ ‎"The person who we believe to be the shooter has died from self-inflicted gunshot wounds,"Sergeant Teresa Negron of the Omaha Police Department said at televised news."We have been able to clear the mall,"she said."We don't believe we have any other shooters."The police said that at least five other people had been injured in the shootings.‎ She did not give the shooter's identity."We are still conducting the investigation,"Sergeant Negron said,adding that the city's mayor,who was out of town,was on his way back to Omaha.‎ She said the police received a 911 call from someone inside the Westroads Mall on the west side of Omaha,and shots could be heard in the background.The first police officers arrived at the mall six minutes after the first call,she said but by then the shootings were over.‎ It is reported that the gunman left a suicide note that was found at his home by relatives.A law enforcement official who spoke on condition of anonymity（匿名）said the note indicated that the gunman wanted to "go out in style."‎ The shootings broke the usually ordinary routine of holiday shopping.The gunman was said by some witnesses to have fired about 20 shots into a crowd.Some customers and workers ran screaming from the mall,while others dived into dressing rooms to hide from the shooter.‎ Shoppers and store workers were trapped inside the mall,which has roughly 135 stores.Others streamed out of mall exits with their hands raised.President Bush was in Omaha this morning to deliver a speech,but he had left the city by the time the shootings took place.‎ ‎13.What do the underlined words "go out in style" probably mean?‎ A. To go out of the mall in particular clothes.‎ B. To walk in the mall with oneself focused on.‎ C. To stop his life in an impressive way.‎ D. To go to a social event by fashionable means.‎ ‎14.Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A. Nobody knows why the shooter did so and nothing was found at his home.‎ B. The city’s mayor went to the site when the shooting took place.‎ C. Police arrived at the mall before the shooting was over and rescued customers.‎ D. The official who showed what the note meant wanted to keep himself from being known to the public.‎ ‎15.Which of the following can be the best title of the news?‎ A. Bush Happened to Escape a Shot B. Shoppers in Great Panic before the Holiday C. Shooter Found Dead in a Mall on the west of Omaha D. Gunman Killed 8 People,Then Himself at a Mall in Omaha ‎【答案】13.C14.D15.D ‎【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了在一个购物中心发生的枪击事件以及事件的来龙去脉。‎ ‎14.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句A law enforcement official who spoke on condition of anonymity（匿名）said the note indicated that the gunman wanted to "go out in style."可知，这个说明遗书内容的执法官员不愿透漏自己的姓名。故选D。‎ ‎15.标题判断题。本文是一篇新闻报道题，第一段New York Time—A gunman killed eight people at a mall in Omaha this afternoon and then killed himself, setting off panic among holiday shoppers, the police said.概括了文章的主要内容，因此推断本文主要讲述在一个购物中心发生的枪击事件以及事件的来龙去脉。故D项“枪手在奥马哈的一个购物中心杀死了8人，然后自杀。”为最佳标题。故选D。‎ ‎8. 【宁夏银川一中2017届高三考前2017届高三适应性训练（一）】B An online map showing in real-time how busy some of Beijing's best known sites are has been designed for tourists and residents so they can plan their visits. The map, developed by the Beijing Cyberspace Administration and the Beijing Commission of Tourism Development, monitors four popular scenic spots across the capital - the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Olympic Forest Park.‎ People who want to visit the sites can see which parking lots have spaces free, and how crowded the venues are.‎ The map, at present available only in Chinese, has been designed by Sogou Inc, the Chinese search engine owned by Sohu.com Inc, and will be expanded to cover more sites across China. There are also plans to turn it into an app for smartphones.‎ ‎"If there are traffic jams around these tourism destinations, roads on the map will turn red, and if visitors want to drive to the places, the map will provide every parking area in and near the spots and show a real-time monitor of empty parking lots at the same time," said Kong Xianglai, the designer and producer of the map from Sogou.‎ To make the information as clear and simple as possible, some buildings and streets around the sites have been removed from the map if they are not necessary, Kong said.‎ ‎"Users will also see peaks in visitor numbers and where crowds are at these destinations on the map, so it is helpful for them to plan and select a travel time," he said.‎ ‎5.The online map is especially helpful for those who want to visit ______.‎ A. Qinghai Lake B. the Great Wall C. the Yellow Grane Tower D. the Summer Palace ‎6.What can visitors learn from the online map?‎ A. How crowded the streets in Shanghai are .‎ B. Which parking lots in and near Olympic Forest Park are empty.‎ C. Whether there are traffic jams in 50 top tourist spots across the country.‎ D. The number of the visitors in all scenic spots across Beijing.‎ ‎7.According to Kong Xianglai, the online map is ________.‎ A. Useful B. Unnecessary C. Expensive D. Complex ‎8.The text is most likely to be taken from_______.‎ A. A science textbook B. A museum guide C. A study report D. A news report ‎【答案】5.D6.B7.A8.D ‎【解析】这是一篇社会文化类的说明文。本文介绍了一张网络地图能随时监控说明北京四大流行景区的交通、停车场、游客拥挤度等状况，可以帮助计划去这些地方的游客或居民合理计划和选择旅游时间。‎ ‎5.细节理解题，根据第一段第二句话“The map, …, monitors four popular scenic spots across the capital - the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace and Olympic Forest Park.”，及第   二段People who want to visit the sites can see which parking lots have spaces free, and how crowded the venues are.可以得知D项正确。‎ ‎6.细节理解题，根据第一段第一句话“An online map showing in real-time how busy some of Beijing's best known sites are…”可知A是错误的；根据第一段话和第四段最后一句话“…the map will provide every parking area in and near the spots and show a real-time monitor of empty parking lots at the same time,”可知：这张地图可以提供奥运森林公园里面及周围哪个停车场还可以有停车空位的有关信息，B项是正确的；根据第一段可知这个网络地图只监控北京四大旅游景点的状况，所以C项和D项都是错误的。‎ ‎7.推理判断题，根据最后三段，尤其最后一段最后一句话“..so it is helpful for them to plan and select a travel time.”可以推断出这张地图的设计者兼制造者孔祥来认为这地图是很有用的。‎ ‎8.推理判断题，本文主要向我们介绍了一款新研究的网上地图，通过本文内容和语言运用可以推理出本文最有可能是选自新闻报道。‎ ‎9. 【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三上学期期中考试】C BEIJING - The launch of a new manned space mission brings China closer to the establishment of a permanent space station, international experts say.‎ Chinese taikonauts, Jing Haipeng, 50, and Chen Dong, 37, were blasted off into space onboard Shenzhou-11 at 7:30 am Monday and will spend 30 days in the Chinese space laboratory Tiangong-2.The launch marks a key step toward China's plan to eventually operate a permanent space station, The successful launch of the Shenzhou-11 spacecraft is another step forward to put China among leading players in space technology, said Alexander Zheleznyakov, a Russian expert on history of space flights. China's experimental space lab will help provide solutions for spacecraft of different functions to approach and anchor, and for a long-term operation of life support system, said Zheleznyakov. Shenzhou-11 is scheduled to anchor on Wednesday with Tiangong-2, which is part of China's plan to build a permanent space station by 2022.‎ China can now test technologies for cargo spacecraft anchoring, life support system operation and water recycling to ensure a long-term continuous operation of its space station in the future with less dependence on renewal from the Earth, he said. If all goes well, China will launch the ‎ unpiloted Tianzhou-1 cargo ship next spring to autonomously tie up with Tiangong-2. Tianzhou-1 will be capable of automatically transferring rocket fuels, a vital requirement for space station grouping and maintenance, according to a report by Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS).‎ ‎"That will further their anchoring abilities needed for the larger space station," Johnson Freese was quoted."Tiangong-2 is supposed to be able to stay in orbit for two years or longer, so that's taking them (Chinese) really close to 2019 or so. I think this will be their last big technology test phase before going to their large space station," said Freese.‎ ‎29. Why did China launch Shenzhou-11 into space? ‎ ‎ A. To improve its launching ability. B. To show off its space progress.‎ ‎ C. To set up a permanent space station. D. To replace the space lab Tiankong-2. ‎ ‎30. Which of the following is designed to automatically transfer rocket fuels ? ‎ ‎ A. Shenzhou-11. B. Tiangong-2. C. Shenzhou-1. D. Tianzhou-1. ‎ ‎31. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “blasted off” in last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. sent up B. gave away C. swept off D. carried away ‎【答案】‎ ‎29.C ‎30.D ‎31.A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：神舟十一号发射，中国将建一个永久的太空站。‎ ‎29.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Shenzhou-11 is scheduled to anchor on Wednesday with Tiangong-2, which is part of China's plan to build a permanent space station by 2022.可只是为了建一个永久的太空站。故选C。‎ ‎【名师点睛】 猜测词义题。阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义。做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。31.A词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句后半句will spend 30 days in the Chinese space laboratory Tiangong-2将花30天在中国的空间实验室Tiangong-2里面。可知前半句应该是“被送入太空船上”，故选A。‎ 考点：考查新闻报道类阅读 ‎10. 【贵州省遵义航天高级中学2017届高三上学期第二次模拟】D ‎ Thousands of taxi drivers in Shenyang, Liaoning province, reportedly blocked streets with their cars on Sunday in protest against unlicensed cars using taxi-hiring apps (打车软件) and apps-based car rental companies providing passenger services, including high-end cars. Although the drivers also complained about the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy(补贴) by the government, their main complaint was the loss of business because of the rising number of Internet-based car services companies.‎ On Wednesday, news reports came that Beijing transport authorities will take measures to stop the illegal “taxi business” of private cars through the newly rising Internet apps, following the footsteps of Shenyang and Nanjing.‎ It is not yet clear how the Shenyang city government will handle the issue and whether it will declare the services offered by market leaders such as Didi Dache, a taxi-hiring app provider backed by Tencent Holdings, and Kuaidi Dache illegal. But Shanghai transport regulators(交通管理机构) have set a rule, by banning Didi Zhuanche, or car services offered by Didi Dache in December.‎ Such regulations (规定) will cause a setback(挫折) to the car-hiring companies and investors that are waiting to cash in on the potentially booming business. Just last month, Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors, including Singapore state investment company Temasek Holdings, Russian investment company DST Global and Tencent. Besides, the market is uncertain that Kuaidi Dache is about to finalize its latest round of funding after getting $800 million from global investors.‎ Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the Internet-based ‎ car-hiring services, which have become popular in most of China’s big cities. To be fair, these companies’ business model is anything but bad. For example, Didi Zhuanche works side by side with established car rental companies to provide high-end car service mainly for business-people through the Internet and mobile phone apps.‎ Every link in this business model chain has legal companies and services. Hence, it is hard to define it as illegal and ban it.‎ ‎33.Why did taxi drivers in Shenyang block the streets with their vehicles?‎ ‎ A. Because they wanted the authority to increase their driving allowances.‎ ‎ B. Because they wanted to be taught how to use the taxi-hiring apps.‎ ‎ C. Because they wanted to make their main complaints known to the authority.‎ ‎ D. Because they wanted to appeal to passengers not to hire the private cars.‎ ‎34.The author’s attitude to banning internet car-hiring service is______.‎ ‎ A. positive B. negative C. neutral (中立的) D. unclear ‎35.Which of the following statements is false according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. The problem referred to in the passage exists in all cities ‎ B. App-based car rental is functional to some degree ‎ C. The government should regulate the app-based car rental market ‎ D. Didi Dache is a China-foreign joint company ‎【答案】‎ ‎33.C ‎34.B ‎35.A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章报道了沈阳出租车司机罢工的深层原因---软件打车业务的快速发展，以及当前政府对软件打车业务相对滞后和简单的管理手段。‎ ‎33.C推理判断题。根据第一段 blocked streets with their cars on Sunday in protest against unlicensed cars using taxi-hiring apps (打车软件) and apps-based car rental companies providing passenger services,including high-end cars.可知出租车司机阻塞街道的原因是抗议，他们的目的是想让当局知道他们的不满，故选C.‎ ‎34.B推理判断题。根据第四段Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the Internet-based car-hiring services和To be fair, these companies’ business model ‎ is anything but bad.可知作者认为这样会给将来的基于网络的汽车租赁服务投下阴影，公司的经营模式是不好的。作者对此的观点是反对的，故选B.‎ ‎35.A细节推理题。根据第二段Beijing following the footsteps of Shenyang and Nanjing.可知A错误；根据第一段apps-based car rental companies providing passenger services, including high-end cars.可知B正确；根据第二段It is not yet clear how the Shenyang city government will handle the issue和最后一段可知C正确；根据第三段Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors, including Singapore state investment company Temasek Holdings, Russian investment company DST Global and Tencent.可知D正确。故选A.‎ 考点：考查新闻报道类短文阅读。‎ ‎【江西师范大学附属中学2017届高三10月月考】B In Florida, one McDonald's customer started a pay-it-forward chain that inspired other 249 customers to be generous and do the same. ABC News reports the spirit of giving is in the air as 250 drive-thru (免下车服务)customers at a local McDonald's paid for the meals of the people next to them. Lakeland customer Torie Keene was paying for her food on Wednesday morning when she decided to pay for the meal of the car next to her. Keene then purposely told McDonald's cashier Marisabel Figueroa to greet the other customer "Merry Christmas" and not "Happy Holidays." The next customer was moved when Figueroa said her food was already paid by the previous car. That's when she thought that she would love to do the same and the domino effect followed.‎ Figueroa, who worked from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Wednesday, said that the chain reaction almost lasted for her entire shift. "I just kept giving everyone the same message, and they were all so stunned and so happy," she continued. "One lady even paid for the meals of the next three cars behind her."‎ While people were amazed by how generous they could get, Figueroa said she had "never experienced something like that before" in her 12 years of working for McDonald's. "I feel very blessed to have been a part of all that," the cashier said. Keene contacted Figueroa on Facebook when the pay-it-forward chain came out in the local news. She revealed that she was the "mystery customer" that started the long chain of kindness. Keene added that she was surprised by the number of people who continued her good deed when ‎ she was "only trying to brighten someone's day." 25. Who started the pay-it-forward chain?‎ ‎ A. Father Christmas B. Marisabel Figueroa ‎ C. Manager of a McDonald's D. Torie Keene from Lakeland ‎26. What're the drivers' reactions towards the generous behavior? ‎ ‎ A. Lucky and unbelievable B. Funny and surprised ‎ C. Amazed and moved. D. Ridiculous and happy ‎ ‎27. For how long did the chain last?‎ A. A week. B. A whole day. C. About twelve hours. D. About six hours.【答案】‎ ‎25.D ‎26.C ‎27.D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：据美国广播公司新闻频道报道，在当地一家麦当劳，共有250位顾客在得来速（汽车穿梭）窗口点餐时，为下一位顾客买了单，这种慷慨给予的精神迅速传播开来。‎ ‎26.C细节理解题。根据第四段中they were all so stunned and so happy,他们都感到如此震惊和感动。故选C。‎ ‎27.D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Figueroa, who worked from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Wednesday, said that the chain reaction almost lasted for her entire shift.费古洛的上班时间是当天上午9点到下午3点。她说这一买单接力几乎持续了她整个值班时间。可知买单接力持续了大约6小时，故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】 在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。25.D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Lakeland customer Torie Keene was paying for her food on Wednesday morning when she decided ‎ to pay for the meal of the car next to her. 周三早上，莱克兰的托丽·基恩在结账时一时兴起，决定把下一位顾客的钱也付了。可知D项符合题意。‎ 考点：考查新闻报道类阅读 ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1‎ About three hours after Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas as a Category (级别) 4 storm, it was downgraded to a Category 3 storm after winds decreased to 125 mph from maximum winds of 130 mph.‎ Harvey also made a second landfall on the northeastern shore of Copano Bay around the time it was downgraded. As of 1 a.m. local time, it was 5 miles north of Rockport, Texas, and moving northwest at 6 mph.‎ The storm is the strongest to hit the state in decades, with serious flooding expected. The last Category 4 storm to hit the U.S. was Charley in 2004 in Florida, while the last Category 4 storm to hit Texas was Carla in 1961.‎ Residents staying in the area madly stocked up on food, water and gas, while others heading out of the storm’s path boarded up windows and doors of their homes and businesses.‎ Airlines canceled flights, schools were closed while concerts and other planned events in Houston and coastal cities were postponed.‎ The hurricane’s effects are expected to last for days, with heavy rainfall through next week estimated to be as high as 40 inches in some areas.‎ The National Weather Service warned Harvey could bring a potentially destroying storm waves, heavy rainfall and wind disasters to the Lone Star State’s coast. A tornado (龙卷风) watch is in effect for areas of southeastern Texas and southwest Louisiana.‎ Life-threatening storm wave waters could reach 9 to 13 feet above ground level. Destroying flooding is expected across parts of the area. And rainfall will be heavy, with an estimated 15 to 30 inches of rain falling in many areas and as high as 40 inches in some from today through Wednesday, the National Weather Service said.‎ ‎21. What category was Hurricane Harvey perhaps when it hit the northeastern shore of Copano Bay?‎ A. 4 B. 3 C. 2. D. 1‎ ‎22. How many times have Hurricanes as Category 4 storm struck Texas since 1961?‎ A. 4 times. B. 3 times. C. Twice. D. Once.‎ ‎23. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To explain on what to set up a hurricane category in the U.S.‎ B. To name the kinds of disasters Hurricane Harvey will cause.‎ C. To tell the history about the hurricanes that the U.S. has experienced.‎ D. To warn its readers the bad weather to be brought and disasters to be caused by Hurricane Harvey.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是新闻报道。它报道了今年飓风Harvey已两次登陆德克萨斯州，由最初的4级降为3级。但是，根据国家气象预报：在未来几天，它仍可能带来龙卷风和强降雨天气；并引起洪水和巨浪灾害。‎ ‎21. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一段第一句中的“it was downgraded to a Category 3 storm Harvey”和第二段第一句 ‎“Harvey also made a second landfall on the northeastern shore of Bay around the time it was downgraded.”‎ 可知：当Harvey袭击Copano海湾东南海岸时，它已减弱为3级风暴。因此B项正确。‎ ‎22. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段最后一句中的“the last Category 4 storm to hit Texas was Carla in 1961”可知：‎ 自从1961年，4级风暴已经2次袭击德克萨斯州。‎ ‎23. D【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第五段之后的叙述，可知：新闻机构报道所在国的国家级的气象和灾害预告旨在提醒读者防范“飓风Harvey仍可能带来龙卷风和强降雨天气，并引起洪水和巨浪灾害”。‎ ‎2‎ McIlroy is having a great week at the Arnold Palmer Invitational (阿诺德帕尔默邀请赛), on the leaderboard (得分榜第一名) at least.‎ But he’s getting annoyed by naughty fans on the course, one of whom he says was repeatedly yelling out his wife’s name. And McIlroy says alcohol might be the root of the problem.‎ ‎“I know that people want to come and enjoy themselves and whatever, and I’m all for that, but sometimes when the comments get personal and people get a little bit rude, it can get a little much. It used to be like, you bring beers on to the course or buy beers but not alcohol. And now it seems like everyone’s walking around with a cocktail (鸡尾酒) or whatever. So I don’t know whether it’s just go back to letting people walk around with beers in their hand, that’s fine, but, I don’t know.”‎ Maybe Saturday’s round was a little more disordered due to the fact it was St. Patrick’s Day (圣巴特里克节), but McIlroy points to tournament hosts that they are affected by the popularity of the Phoenix Open (菲尼克斯公开赛), which has included violent displays by fans and is considered the biggest party in golf.‎ ‎“It’s obvious that a lot of tournaments see how successful Phoenix is and they want to try to recreate that, which is great,” said McIlroy. “It’s great for the tournament; it’s great for us. But golf is different from a football game, and there’s manner involved. You don’t want people to be stopped from bringing their kids when people are shouting out. You want people to enjoy themselves, have a good day.”‎ ‎28. Which is the key reason that causes fans to do something rude according to McIlroy?‎ A. Alcohol. B. The fan’s character. C. Overexcitement. D. The noisy atmosphere.‎ ‎29. What does McIlroy value, when talking about stopping fans doing something improper during the tournament?‎ A. The days when buying alcohol was forbidden.‎ B. The case where comments shouldn’t get personal.‎ C. When fans walked around with beers in their hand.‎ D. The days when fans brought only beers on to the course.‎ ‎30. What made Saturday’s round be in more trouble?‎ A. St. Patrick’s Day. B. The Phoenix Open.‎ C. The violently displays by fans. D. St. Patrick’s Day and The Phoenix Open.‎ ‎31. What’s the difference between golf and football according to the last paragraph?‎ A. The latter is most violent. B. There is manner in the former.‎ C. The former is more violent. D. There is manner in the latter.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇体育赛事报道。在阿诺德帕尔默邀请赛比赛中，著名爱尔兰高尔夫球星McIlroy受到球迷下流语言的骚扰。他认为这是烈性酒惹的祸。他怀念过去球迷们手拿啤酒观看比赛的日子。虽然菲尼克斯公开赛办得非常成功，但夹杂着球迷们暴力地宣泄情绪。高尔夫与足球是不同的，因为高尔夫是文雅的体育项目。‎ ‎28. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第二段中的“alcohol might be the root of the problem”可知A项正确。‎ ‎29. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段中的“I don’t know whether it’s just go back to letting people walk around with beers in their hand, that’s fine”可知C项正确。‎ ‎31. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“golf is different from a football game, and there’s manner involved.”可知B 项正确。在这两个句子中，第一句主语是golf，根据行文习惯第二句省略了in golf，即：there’s manner involved in golf。‎ ‎3‎ LONDON – Hillary Clinton got closer than any American woman to the nation’s top job, but her loss this week has thrown a spotlight back onto the question: Why has the United States lagged behind so many countries around the world in choosing a female leader?‎ Tiny Sri Lanka became the first to shatter the political gender barrier more than a half-century ago, back when that island nation was known as Ceylon. Its giant neighbor, India, followed a few years later.‎ Since then women have attained top leadership posts – president, prime minister or its equivalent – in more than 70 countries in Europe, Latin America and the Asia-Pacific. Today women run two of Europe’s most powerful nations, Angela Merkel in Germany and Theresa May in Britain. So why not the United States?‎ Historians have offered a range of reasons. Many of the earlier women’s pathways were eased ‎ because their husbands or fathers were autocratic or charismatic leaders first. Some were chosen via parliamentary deal-making, not direct elections. Others were initially tapped as temporary leaders.‎ Some scholars theorize that European democracies may view women as more suited to high political office because their governments are known for generous social-welfare programs, something that seems maternal. In contrast, the president of the United States is primarily seen as commander in chief, which is a frame more difficult for women to fit into.‎ ‎“America is still seen as the policeman of the world, the guardian of the world, and we still have a very gendered version of what leadership means,” said Laura A. Liswood, secretary-general of the United Nations Foundation’s Council of Women World Leaders, a network of current and former female prime ministers and presidents. “Not only do we have to be liked, we also have to be tough.”‎ Sue Thomas, a senior research scientist at the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation in Santa Cruz, California, said that unlike political leadership posts elsewhere, the U.S. presidency “is seen as a very masculine(男性) institution that for historical reasons is extremely hard for a female to approach.”‎ Gender was never far from the surface in the protracted presidential campaign, but experts cautioned against seeing the election as merely a referendum(公民投票权) on the idea of a female president.‎ ‎“It’s hard to build a generalization about women candidates based on Hillary Clinton,” said Timothy Garton Ash, professor of European studies at Oxford University. “She is such a special case and unique figure, having been around for so long. Did people vote against her because she was a woman or because her name is Clinton? Of course it could be both.”‎ Still, many experts see an underlying（潜在的）bias that has discouraged American women from seeking political office, impeding the flow of potential female presidential candidates.‎ ‎ “What we have in the United States is a pipeline problem,” said Kathleen Dolan, chairwoman of the department of political science at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. “Not enough women in the high-visibility, high-credibility offices. Not enough women running for school boards, county councils.”‎ ‎ The United States ranks 97th among 193 nations worldwide in the percentage of women in the lower ‎ house of Congress, according to data compiled by the Inter-Parliamentary Union. ‎ ‎【文章大意】文章主要阐述了为什么美国没有女总统。‎ ‎65. The passage mainly focuses on _________.‎ A. how women are popular in European democracies.‎ B. why there is no female president in the USA.‎ C. when women can come into power in the world.‎ D. what can be done to change women’s status in America.‎ B. 主旨大意题 依据文章大意可知主要阐述的是为什么美国没有女总统，故B项正确。‎ ‎66. The underlined word in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A. crush B. challenge C. attack D. interfere A. 词义猜测题 依据上下文内容可知划线词所在的文章表示的意思为：小小的斯里兰卡成为第一个在政治上打破性别壁垒的国家，故划线单词表示“打破”之意，与A项词汇意义一致。‎ ‎67. According to historians, many of the earlier women’s pathways were eased because________.‎ A. they took advantage of their family resources. ‎ B. they were elected directly by the public.‎ C. they were appointed as permanent leaders.‎ D. they gained help from abroad.‎ A. 细节理解题 依据文章第四段中的“Many of the earlier women’s pathways were eased because their husbands or fathers were autocratic or charismatic leaders first.”可知早期女性参与政治主要还是她们的家族资源丰富的缘故，故A项正确。‎ ‎68. Why women in European countries are recognized as more suitable for high political duty?‎ A. Women in Europe are much more generous than those in other continents.‎ B. The democracies in Europe well match women’s roles in society.‎ C. Women in Europe are better at regulate their governments.‎ D. The democracies in Europe naturally have a preference for women.‎ B. 细节理解题 依据文章第五段中的“Some scholars theorize that European democracies may view women as more suited to high political office because their governments are known for generous social-welfare programs, something that seems maternal.”可知欧洲民主政体可能认为妇女适合最高的政治职务是因为他们的政府以慷慨的福利计划而著称，而这更像是母亲的角色，故B项正确。‎ ‎69. From the passage, we can conclude that________.‎ A. The president of America is extremely hard for a female to approach for intellectual reasons B. Election can be viewed as merely a referendum on the idea of a female president.‎ C. Hillary Clinton would help set up a generalization about women candidates.‎ D. Women in America can’t seek proper ways to be involved in politics.‎ D. 总结归纳题 依据文章倒数第三段的内容可知潜在的偏见阻碍了美国女性谋求政治职务，也阻碍了女性总统候选的出现，故D项正确。‎ ‎70. The passage is most probably an introduction of ________.‎ A. conference summary B. scientific research ‎ C. remarks on current affairs D. political campaign C. 文章出处题 依据文章谈论的主题“为什么美国没有女总统”可以判断本文应该是属于时事评论范畴，故C项正确。‎ ‎4‎ It’s a white Christmas in the United States today, with snow falling from Seattle to Maine.‎ l Northeast Biting winds with snow swept the Northeast.‎ Earlier, up to 15 inches of snow fell during a snow storm in Maine, while up to one foot fell in New Hampshire. Winds reached 76 mph on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, while up to 61 mph winds tore through Long Island, New York. Falling snow collected on the runways at Boston’s Logan International Airport, causing temporary flight delays.‎ The wind was so severe in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that the annual reenactment (重演) of George Washington and his soldiers’ crossing the Delaware River was canceled, the Washington Crossing Historic Park told ABC News.‎ l Midwest Heavy lake effect snow fell in western Michigan.‎ The National Weather Service has issued a wind-chill warning and advisory (公告) from Montana to Michigan. Bitter cold air in the Midwest produced wind chills Monday morning as low as minus-48 degrees in North Dakota and minus-47 in northern Minnesota.‎ As this bitter cold made its way east overnight, it was expected to move over relatively mild ‎ Great Lakes, producing intense lake-effect snow bands capable of producing 2 to 4 inches of snow in an hour.‎ l West Coast That storm system moved overnight through the Rockies, bringing more snow and the threat of avalanches (雪崩). The National Weather Service has issued an avalanche warning for the Wasatch Range Mountains outside Salt Lake City.‎ ‎21. Why was the annual reenactment of George Washington and his soldiers’ crossing the Delaware River canceled?‎ ‎ A. Because the river was frozen. B. Because the wind was too strong.‎ C. Because the snow was too thick. D. Because the temperature was too low.‎ ‎22. Which of the following is the bad weather that has set in according to the passage?‎ A. The avalanches. B. A white Christmas.‎ C. A mess of people’s life. D. Heavy snow, biting wind and chills.‎ ‎23. What is the style of the passage?‎ ‎ A. Weather report. B. News about the effect of bad weather.‎ C. News about bad weather. D. A bad-weather warning and advisory.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇有关极端天气的新闻报道。本文报道了一次暴风雪极端天气已经并将继续袭击整个美国。它以导致航班延误、活动取消、大幅度降温等严重后果。并且调侃到：过了一个“白色的”圣诞节。‎ ‎22. D【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据副标题 “Northeast” 和 “Midwest” 中关于 “wind, snow, wind chill” 的描述用的都是过去时态，可知：D项“暴雪、寒风和降温”是已发生的恶劣天气。‎ ‎23. C【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】本文报道了恶劣天气已或将造成的后果、发展方向、影响区域和应对恶劣天气的警示以及对恶劣天气的调侃，故C项符合题意。‎ ‎5‎ Roger Federer, who recently became the oldest man to hold the No. 1 ranking in men’s tennis at the age 36, will bring a 12-match winning streak (连胜) to the BNP Paribas Open, which starts this week at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden.‎ Federer, a five-time winner of the hard-court event and a 20-time Grand Slam singles champion, on Tuesday was seeded No. 1 in a field that has been given up by injuries to several excellent players. Among those missing are world No. 2 Rafael Nadal (hip injury), Stan Wawrinka (knee), who lost to Federer in the 2017 final, David Goffin (eye) and Andy Murray (hip surgery).‎ Federer, who has spent 305 weeks of his career at the top the Assn of Tennis Professional world rankings, must reach the semifinals (半决赛) at Indian Wells to keep his No. 1 status. If he exits sooner than that, Nadal would regain the top spot. Federer has a first-round bye (轮空) and a seemingly easy projected route to the quarterfinals, where he likely would face No. 5 seed Dominic Thiem of Austria.‎ Five-time Indian Wells champion Novak Djokovic, who had a small medical intervention (干预) on his troublesome right elbow earlier this year, was seeded 10th in the tournament. Djokovic has played only four matches this year because of his elbow problems and hasn’t played a tournament since he lost to Hyeon Chung of South Korea in the round of 16 at the Australian Open in January.‎ Maria Sharapova of Russia will face Naomi Osaka of Japan on Wednesday with their match scheduled for not before 5:00 p.m.‎ On Thursday, Serena Williams will play Zarina Diyas of Kazakhstan and Victoria Azarenka of Belarus will play Heather Watson of the United Kingdom during the evening session (7 p.m. start).‎ ‎28. Why does Federer have a seemingly easy projected route to the quarterfinals?‎ A. Because he is seeded No. 1 B. Because many excellent players are missing.‎ C. Because he has a first-round bye. D. Because he is well enough to beat any player.‎ ‎29. Who is most likely to be the seed next to Federer among the players who can play in the BNP Paribas Open?‎ A. Rafael Nadal. B. Dominic Thiem. C. Novak Djokovic. D. Maria Sharapova.‎ ‎30. What is the trouble with Novak Djokovic, which stopped him playing the tournament?‎ A. He has elbow problems. B. He has played fewest matches. ‎ C. He lost to Hyeon Chung. D. He was seeded 10th in the tournament.‎ ‎31. Why does the author use most words to talk about Federer?‎ A. Because he is seeded No. 1.‎ B. Because will bring a 12-match winning streak.‎ C. Because the author believes he can beat anyone in the tournament.‎ D. Because he is the oldest to hold the No. 1 ranking and was seeded No. 1.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是体育赛事报道。以36岁高龄获得世界男子网球排名第一的Federer在BNP Paribas 公开赛上已取得12连胜。由于几个实力选手因伤病缺赛，第一轮轮空，Federer会很轻松进入四分之一决赛与第五名种子选手Dominic Thiem对决。本周三、周四都有重要比赛。‎ ‎28. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段中的“Federer has a first-round bye and a seemingly easy projected route to the quarterfinals,”可知C项正确。‎ ‎29. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第二段中的“Among those missing are…”和第三段中的“he likely would face No. 5 seed Dominic Thiem of Austria”可知：几个实力选手因伤病缺赛，能参加比赛仅次于Federer排名的种子选手是Dominic Thiem。‎ ‎30. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段中的“Djokovic has played only four matches this year because of his elbow problems and hasn’t played a tournament since”可知：肘部伤病(elbow problems)使得Djokovic不能参加本赛事的比赛。‎ ‎31. D【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Roger Federer, who recently became the oldest man to hold the No. 1 ranking in men’s tennis at age 36”和第二段中的“Federer was seeded No. 1”可知Federer是本赛事举足轻重运动员，因此关于他的内容必须占很大的篇幅。‎ ‎6‎ Stephen Hawking (霍金), one of the most influential physicists of the twentieth century and perhaps the most famous scientist of contemporary science, has died at the age of 76.‎ His death was marked by statements from scientists around the world. Neil Tyson, director of the Hayden Planetarium in New York City, wrote on Twitter: “His passing has left an intelligent ‎ vacuum (真空). But it’s not empty. Think of it as a kind of vacuum energy (a scientific term) spreading throughout spacetime.”‎ ‎“The reaction among physicists is just terrible shock and sadness,” says Malcolm Perry, a Cambridge theoretical physicist who was a student of Hawking’s in the early 1970s. “He was a truly extraordinary man,” says Roger Penrose, a theoretical physicist at the University of Oxford, UK, who in 1970 co-authored a deeply influential paper with Hawking on the nature of black holes.‎ Another of Hawking’s former students at Cambridge, theoretical physicist Raphael Bousso, told Nature that his teacher was a brilliant physicist who also excelled at communicating science to the public. “These are two outstanding skills. Stephen excelled at both.”‎ Raphael Bousso, now at the University of California, Berkeley, recalls how he had to learn to shake off his awe (敬畏) and relax around Hawking. “Stephen was a joyful and light-hearted person, not to be burdened by much too respectful and complex interactions (交往),” he says.‎ ‎21. What different relation to Hawking does Roger Penrose have from the other scientists above?‎ A. Roger Penrose was Hawking’s co-writer. B. Roger Penrose was Hawking’s teacher.‎ C. Roger Penrose was Hawking’s assistant. D. Roger Penrose was Hawking’s student.‎ ‎22. What does the underlined word “both” in Paragraph 4 refers to?‎ A. An excellent teacher and a brilliant physicist.‎ B. A brilliant physicist and an excellent speaker.‎ C. Training a brilliant physicist and communicating well with the public.‎ D. Doing scientific researches and communicating science to the public.‎ ‎23. What kind of person was Hawking according to Raphael Bousso? ‎ A. A noble man. B. A man of honour. C. A great but simple man. D. A man easy to deal with.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。霍金去世。世界各地科学家以极高的评价来怀念他。‎ ‎21. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第三段中的 “who in 1970 co-authored a deeply influential paper with Hawking on the nature of black holes”可知A项正确。Who此次连接定语从句并指代Roger Penrose。‎ ‎22. D【命题意图】词义理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段中的 “his teacher was a brilliant physicist who also excelled at communicating science to the public. “These are two outstanding skills.”可知D项正确。才华横溢的科学家(a brilliant physicist)，可理解为擅长做科研工作(do scientific researches)。其它选项都是部分正确、部分错误。‎ ‎23. C【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段 “a brilliant physicist”, 和最后一段中的“not to be burdened by much too respectful and complex interactions”one of the best hopes for a theory of everything”可推测出C项正确。‎ ‎7‎ ‎“Members pushed in bravely. They were knocking down the fire and found one still burning in the apartment, adding crews had a hard time battling the fire because it was up 50 stories and in a large unit. About 200 firefighters and emergency medical services officials were called to the scene,” Nigro said.‎ The upper floors of Trump Tower, which are have 263 apartments, do not have sprinklers (防火装置), he told Spectrum News NY1, the 24-hour cable-TV news channel.‎ There is a fire right now in Trump Tower. Was small and then something happened where the size doubled in seconds! pic.twitter.com/NnFNHEfJBg ‎— Brian Lawton (brianlawton9) April 7, 2018‎ Before moving to the White House, the tower that President Trump developed was his main home. He and his family own an apartment, which Forbes estimated as being more than 10,000 square feet and extends three floors.‎ Trump’s penthouse (楼顶套房) is on floors marked with 66 through 68, meaning the fire occurred more than 10 floors below Trump’s home. While in the building, crews checked on Trump’s home, which was unharmed, Nigro said. Smoke had spread throughout much of the building but it was unclear if any poured into Trump’s penthouse. No members of the first family were in the building during the incident.‎ Onlookers outside Trump Tower took photos and video of the flame as it grew, flames and smoke pouring out from several high-rise windows. Some videos showed pieces falling hundreds of feet to the street.‎ Fire at Trump Tower is out. Very confined (well built building). Firemen (and women)‎ did a great job. THANK YOU!‎ ‎— Donald J. Trump (realDonaldTrump) April 7, 2018‎ ‎24. Why did the firefighters have much difficulty fighting the fire in Trump Tower?‎ A. Because the fire is too fierce.‎ B. Because the tower is too high.‎ C. Because the fire is burning in too high and large a unit.‎ D. Because too small a number of firefighters were called to the scene.‎ ‎25. Who wrote the first of the twitters above?‎ A. Nigro. B. Brian Lawton. C. Donald J. Trump. D. Spectrum News NY1.‎ ‎26. Where was the fire most likely to begin?‎ A. On the fiftieth floor. B. At Trump’s home.‎ C. In Trump’s penthouse. D. Near several high-rise windows.‎ ‎27. What feeling of the writer did the second twitter express?‎ A. Sorrow. B. Pride. C. Luck. D. Appreciation.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。特朗普大厦失火。媒体发布救火过程报道、含有旁观者拍摄的火灾现场图片和视频资料的推特和特朗普表达感谢的推特。‎ ‎24. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一段中的“crews had a hard time battling the fire because it was up 50 stories and in a large unit.”可知C项正确。‎ ‎25. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一个推特中的“Brian Lawton (brianlawton9)”可知B项正确。‎ ‎27. D【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第二个推特中的“THANK YOU!” 可知D项正确。因为在推特中，都大写的文字是最重要的、也是最想表达的。‎ ‎8‎ On the first day of his presidency, Donald Trump (特朗普) began making changes to the policies of earlier presidents.‎ A document released by the new Trump White House said the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement (12国跨太平洋伙伴贸易协定). The free trade deal was negotiated by the Obama(奥巴马) administration.‎ The White House website said Trump would also work to renegotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement known as NAFTA.‎ ‎＂If our partners refuse a renegotiation that gives American workers a fair deal, then the President will give notice of the United States’ intent to withdraw from NAFTA,＂ a White House statement said.‎ Neither action was a surprise. During the presidential campaign, Trump said bad trade deals had hurt employment in America.‎ The NAFTA agreement removed most tariffs(关税) on products traded between the US, Canada and Mexico. It was signed by President Bill Clinton in 1993.‎ The Trump administration also said it is ready to cancel what it called, ＂harmful and unnecessary policies.＂ Among them is the Obama administration’s plan to reduce pollutants from coal-powered electricity plants. The climate plan was designed to cut gases that cause global warming.‎ Another is a clean water rule to protect small waterways and wetlands(水域和湿地) from development by the Environmental Protection Agency.‎ Trump has said he wants to cancel and replace a third policy, the national health care law, known as ＂Obamacare.＂‎ The Trump administration has promised other major changes. In education, for example, there are plans to give parents more choice in selecting schools for their children, including private, religious schools.‎ ‎25. Who would have the U.S. withdraw from the free trade deal negotiated by the Obama administration?‎ A. The Obama administration. B. The new Trump White House.‎ C. The Trump administration. D. Donald Trump.‎ ‎26. In which case will Donald Trump get the US continue to observe NAFTA?‎ A. Canada and Mexico agree to offer American workers a fair deal.‎ B. Canada and Mexico agree to renegotiate NAFTA.‎ C. Canada and Mexico agree to offer workers a fair deal.‎ D. The partners refuse a renegotiation that offers American workers a fair deal.‎ ‎27. How many policies considered harmful and unnecessary by the Trump administration are mentioned in the passage?‎ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.‎ ‎28. What kind of articles does this passage belong to?‎ A. Advertisement. B. News. C. Introductions. D. Announcement.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。本文报道说：美国新任总统特朗普及其新任内阁将调整或废除前任所制定的政策。‎ ‎25. D【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据文章第二段中的 ＂the president would soon withdraw from the 12-nation Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement.＂ 可知：特朗普欲让美国退出该协定。 ‎ ‎26. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据第四段中的 ＂If our partners refuse a renegotiation that gives American workers a fair deal, then the President will give notice of the United States’ intent to withdraw from NAFTA＂ 和第六段中的 ＂between the US, Canada and Mexico＂可知：只有加拿大和墨西哥同意给美国工人提供公平的待遇，美国才会继续遵守NAFTA。 ‎ ‎27. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据第七、八、九段中的 ＂it is ready to cancel what it called, ＂harmful and unnecessary policies.＂ Among them is…；Another is…；a third policy＂可知：本文提到了三个被特朗普内阁认为没必要而且有害的政策。 ‎ ‎28. B【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】 本文包含了新闻类题材所具有的时间、人物、事件、时效性要素。‎ ‎9‎ ‎ Ask any American what he/she is doing on Sunday, February 7 and the answer is likely to be either hosting or attending a Super Bowl Party. Played for the title of the National Football ‎ League Champion, Super Bowl is the most watched annual television program in the United States.‎ ‎ That's because Super Bowl which is celebrating its Golden Anniversary this year, is more than just a 60-minute football game—it is a well-designed production that features half-time performances, fireworks shows and television ads that people discuss for days.‎ ‎ But most important of all, it is the day to set aside all diets and enjoy foods one would normally avoid or at least not consume at the same time. It should, therefore, come as no surprise that Super Bowl Sunday is one of the biggest food consumption days in the U.S. — Second only to Thanksgiving.‎ The noshing will start early in the day, long before matches begin and continue long after the 2016 NFL Champions have retired to celebrate. ‎ As a result, it is estimated that on Sunday, the nation will consume 1.2 million pounds of potato chips, 8.2 million pounds of tortilla chips, 3.8 million pounds of popcorn and 3 million pounds of nuts.‎ When the real hunger pains start to hit, they will seek out comfort foods. Not surprisingly, pizza tops the list. Chicken wings are also very popular. It is estimated that almost 1.3 billion wings will be consumed on Super Bowl Sunday. Other favorites include bacon, hot dogs and burgers.‎ But the food consumption is not without consequences. Data released indicates that antacid (解酸药)sales increase by 20% on the Monday following the big game. Additionally, over seven million Americans call in sick. It is no wonder that fans have been urging the government to declare Super Bowl Monday a holiday.‎ ‎25.Why does Super Bowl become the most popular television program?‎ ‎ A. It is the longest football game. ‎ ‎ B. It is hosted by famous film stars. ‎ ‎ C. It contains the most wonderful ads. ‎ ‎ D. It involves in various performances.‎ ‎26. Which can replace the underlined word “noshing” in Paragraph 4?‎ ‎ A. playing B. eating C. competing D. resting ‎27.Which comfort food is consumed the most？‎ ‎ A. Hot dogs. B. Pizza. C. Nuts. D. Chicken wings.‎ ‎28. What bad result might Super Bowl Sunday lead to?‎ ‎ A. Lots of food is wasted. B. Public disorder is caused.‎ ‎ C. Some people have an upset stomach. D. Many people lose their work.‎ 文章大意：一年一度的美国超级橄榄球杯大赛不仅是全美收视率最高的电视节目，而且超级碗星期天也是美国单日食品消费量最高的节日之一，食品消费量仅次于感恩节。‎ ‎27.B细节理解题。根据第六段前两句pizza tops the list.可知，选B。‎ ‎28.C推理判断题。根据末段Additionally, over seven million Americans call in sick.可知人们会因为毫无顾忌地 大吃大喝而生病，故选C。‎ ‎10‎ With the development of the digital technology, work is no longer somewhere we go, but something we do. And we can do it anywhere we like.‎ Mobile technology is the driving force behind all of this. Smartphones are now the on-the-move, all-hours business communicators of choice, with almost 3 billion users predicted worldwide by 2020. Network companies lead the charge in this new flexible working dynamic (动态). In October 2015, the company Buffer abandoned its central office in San Francisco. The company’s staff, CEO included now work remotely supported by instant messaging, video chat and cloud-based document tools, across multiple time zones stretching from the West Coast to Shanghai. Amazon, Adobe, LEGO and General Electric are just some of the more familiar names also accepting such a flexible and remote working culture.‎ Digital users, meanwhile, tour the entire country and travel the world, paying for their adventures through skilled, remote work projects off sites.‎ But with mobility comes risk. Public Wi-Fi hotspots offer open doors to connected devices (设备). And there’s a new threat. One risk report from 2016 found as much as 60% of these Internet of Things (IoT) devices easy to attack, while the number of IoT devices in existence by 2020 is predicted to total 200 billion.‎ Remote working will come to an end? The booming network security industry suggests not, making $80 billion from security-aware businesses and their workers in 2016. This is an industry that’s expected to rise gradually to $1 trillion by 2021.‎ ‎32. What makes it possible that work is no longer somewhere we go, but something we do?‎ ‎ A. Mobile technology. B. The digital technology. C. Smartphones. D. Network companies.‎ ‎33. Why did the company Buffer abandon its central office in San Francisco?‎ A. Because a flexible and remote working culture had appeared.‎ B. Because network companies led the charge in some office work.‎ C. Because the company’s CEO recognized the flexible and remote working culture.‎ D. Because instant messaging, video chat and cloud-based document tools could do office work.‎ ‎34. What is the danger public Wi-Fi hotspots brings?‎ ‎ A. Leaving the people using IoT devices at risk.‎ B. Attacking the connected IoT devices more easily.‎ C. Offering an open door to the connected IoT devices.‎ D. Making more and more connected IoT devices easy to attack.‎ ‎35. According to the passage, what encourages the network security industry to take off?‎ ‎ A. Security-aware businesses and their workers. B. The risk public Wi-Fi hotspots has caused.‎ C. The number of IoT devices is rising day by day. D. The fact that remote working will come to an end. 【解题导语】本文是一篇科技新闻。随着数字科技的发展，出现了智能手机、Wi-Fi 、网络公司以及将他们相互连接起来的互联网装置。他们带来了灵活的远程工作文化；与此同时，也产生了一些威胁网络安全问题。规避网络风险使得网络安全行业腾飞。‎ ‎32. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第一段中的“With the development of the digital technology, work is no longer somewhere we go, but something we do. And we can do it anywhere we like”可知，数字技术使得“上班不再是去某地而是我们做的事情”成为现实。其他三个选项都是数字技术所支撑的。‎ ‎33. C 【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】 根据第二段中的“The company’s staff CEO included now work remotely supported by instant messaging, video chat and cloud-based document tools ‎ (公司的员工，包括CEO现在通过短信、视频聊天和云工具远程工作)”和“some of the more familiar names also accepting such a flexible and remote working culture.(一些熟知的公司也接受了这种灵活的远程工作文化)”可知，由于该公司高管认可这种灵活的远程工作文化(以短信、视频聊天和云工具为工具的远程工作)，Buffer才取缔了总办公室。‎ ‎35. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“The booming network security industry ... making $80billion from security- aware businesses and their workers(新兴的网络安全行业从具有网络安全意识的商家及其员工那里赚了800亿美元)”可知，具有网络安全意识的商家及其员工促使网络安全行业腾飞。‎ ‎11‎ Imagine a picnic dinner held at an undisclosed location only made known hours before the meal begins, where guests are invited to decorate empty tables and chairs, bring their favorite dishes and wear white to reflect the simplicity of the event.‎ This was the scene at a PopUp dinner held Saturday in Brooklyn, New York’s Prospect Park. PopUp dinners are popping up all over the country — not just in Brooklyn. Garrett Sathre and his wife and business partner, Nicole Benjamin-Sathre are the team behind Hand Made Events and the creators and hosts of the PopUp dinners. Sathre, a former restaurateur and head chef to Bubba’s Diner and Kitchen 39, both located in the Bay Area, came up with the concept of the flash dinner after he was inspired by the annual Dîner en Blanc held in Paris.‎ In 2011, Hand Made Events used the power of social media to get the word out and soon, enough interest was attracted. In October 2011, it held its first flash dinner, calling the evening Le Dîner à San Francisco at Golden Gate Park’s outdoor Music Pavilion. He described it as a picnic dinner for 3,500 people. “I thought we would have anywhere between 300-500 people to attend. Two articles ran a week later about my crazy idea and we got 15,000 emails in a matter of three days,” Sathre said.‎ After the success of the San Francisco dinner, Sathre decided to expand his “crazy idea” ‎ and hold dinners across the country in major markets such as Brooklyn, Los Angeles and San Francisco. Sathre says their Brooklyn PopUp on June 13 sold 5,000 tickets in just four days with 5,000 on the waiting list raising over $160,000 in ticket sales. Those are some big numbers. Hand Made Events partners with the Prospect Park Alliance and gives all of their proceeds to the nonprofit group. In total, the Brooklyn PopUp dinner raised over $60,000 for the Prospect Park Alliance. Hand Made Events sees the same interest in their smaller city locations. “We have seen a 30 percent increase in our smaller markets — Minneapolis, San Diego, Charleston, and Miami every year,” Sathre said.‎ Hand Made Events has eight more dinners planned nationwide this year, and six already scheduled for next year. The popularity is not just here in the states. Sathre says he sees photos of other groups holding similar events everywhere through social media. Just last year, Hand Made Events helped a woman in Kenya plan her own flash dinner via Skype. “This event crosses and appeals to all cultures. There are not many events, if any, that bring all people together like the PopUp,” he said.‎ ‎41. Which words can best describe the event held in Brooklyn?‎ A. Popular and simple. ‎ B. Creative but undesirable.‎ C. Random and crazy. ‎ D. Inspiring but unsuccessful.‎ ‎42. We can learn from the passage that Hand Made Events .‎ A. is an organization which helps the homeless and the poor ‎ B. is made up of about 500 volunteers around the world C. has already held several dinners in some smaller cities ‎ D. intends to collect money for non-profit groups ‎43. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. The Sathres are proud of the contribution they have made. ‎ B. Social media has promoted the spread of PopUp dinners.‎ C. Hand Made Events has planned six dinners in Kenya. ‎ D. The PopUp dinner is gaining its popularity worldwide.‎ ‎44. Which of the following descriptions about the PopUp is NOT true ?‎ A. It was first held in 2011.‎ B. It can be seen across the country.‎ C. It enjoys popularity around the world. ‎ D. It is the only one of the events that brings all people together.‎ ‎45. What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A. A new kind of cooking culture has spread worldwide on social media.‎ B. PopUp dinners provide diners with unique outdoor experience.‎ C. Flash dinners influence the dining culture in the US. ‎ D. Picnic dinners are very popular in the US.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了Hand Made Events组织的别具一格的PopUp dinner活动。‎ ‎41. A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“reflect the simplicity of the event”和第四段中的“Sathre says their Brooklyn PopUp on June 13 sold 5,000 tickets in just four days with 5,000 on the waiting list raising over $160,000 in ticket sales”可知，在布鲁克林举行的这次活动是简单且受欢迎的。因此选A项。‎ ‎42. C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Hand Made Events sees the same interest in their smaller city locations… Sathre said”可知，Hand Made Events在一些更小的城市也举办了这样的活动。故答案为C项。‎ ‎43. D推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The popularity is not just here in the states”以及“he sees photos of other groups holding similar events everywhere”可知，PopUp dinner正受到世界各地的人们的青睐。因此答案为D项。‎ ‎44. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“In October 2011, it held its first flash dinner”排除A项；根据第二段第二句排除B项；根据最后一段第三句排除C项。根据最后一段尾句可知，PopUp dinner是为数不多能将人们聚到一起的活动之一，而不是唯一。因此答案为D项。‎ ‎45. B主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是Hand Made Events组织的一项特殊的PopUp dinner活动，它给参与者特殊的户外体验，目前这种活动正走向全世界。因此答案为B项。‎ 考点：文化风俗类文章阅读 ‎12‎ ‎“Helicopter parenting” describes a style of raising children where parents are ‎ over-protective and do too much.‎ The term was used for the first time in the nineteen sixties. It describes parents who hover (盘旋) over their kids at home and at the playground like a helicopter. Today, modern technology allows these helicopter parents to hover from even far away.‎ Author Julie Lythcott-Haims wrote a book titled How to Raise an Adult. In her book, she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. She also explains why parents should stop it.‎ She experienced the effects of helicopter parenting firsthand when she worked as dean (主任) of first year students at Stanford University. The incoming students were very smart and accomplished on paper. But many were unable to take care of themselves.‎ ‎“They were turning to parents constantly for guidance, for problem solving, to have them make the choice about something.”‎ Lythcott-Haims warns this kind of parenting has many short-term wins but long-term costs that harm the child. She uses an area common to most children – a playground. Lythcott-Haims suggests letting your child get a little hurt.‎ ‎“If you’re at the playground next to them, if they fall or slip, you’re right there to catch them and they do not suffer, you know, the bruised (擦伤的) knee or whatever it might be. If you’re helping with your kid’s homework, they are going to get better grade. Those are the short-term wins. The long-term cost is ― if your kid doesn’t learn how to manage their own body on a playground, which is a lesson only learned by falling a few times ― they don’t learn the long-term lesson.”‎ If you do your child’s homework, it will be perfect. That is what she calls the short-term win. The long-term cost is that your child may not feel capable. And they may not become a persistent (坚持不懈的) learner, meaning they will give up easily when faced with a difficult problem to solve.‎ ‎“When kids have all the skills to take care of themselves,” Lythcott-Haims said, “they will be prepared for adulthood.”‎ ‎【文章大意】“直升机式”家长的培养模式对孩子成长的益处是短期的，但是过度保护的害处是长期的，并且是惨痛的。因此专家建议：让孩子经受该受的挫折，为他们长大成人做好准备。‎ ‎28. The bad result of “helicopter parenting” is _______.‎ ‎ A. doing too much for your child. B. experiencing the effects of helicopter parenting.‎ C. being very smart and accomplished on paper D. being unable to look after themselves.‎ ‎29. If a child falls on the playground, the right way is _______.‎ A. to help the kid stand up. B. to get the kid to stand up on his/her own.‎ C. to give them much attention not to be hurt. D. to support your kid all the time.‎ ‎29. B【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第七段的叙述可知：A项、C项和D项是指“直升机式”培养模式的具体做法；B 项是孩子成长的正确做法。因此B项符合题意。‎ ‎30. The reason why your child doesn’t feel capable is that _______.‎ A. he is really incapable. B. he relies on others too much.‎ C. he doesn’t study hard enough. D. you do too much for him.‎ ‎30. D【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第七段“如果你帮助孩子做作业，他们的成绩会更好。这是短期的益处；但长期的害处是孩子会感到自己没有能力做任何事情”可知，D项“因为你帮他做的过多”正确。其他选项与“直升机式”的培养模式无关，故正确答案为D。‎ ‎31. What can we learn from the passage about how to raise our children?‎ A. Let our children face and do anything alone as much as possible.‎ B. We should learn to be wise parents.‎ C. Try to face and do anything alone as much as possible.‎ D. We shouldn’t give our child a hand.‎ ‎31 A【命题意图】主旨大意题。‎ ‎【解题思路】文章的主旨是：让孩子经受该受的挫折、亲自做自己该做的事情。B项“我们应该做明智的家长”概念模糊；C项“设法尽可能地独立面对并处理任何事情”动作发出者不明确；D项 “‎ 我们不应该帮助孩子”不合常理。故A项“让孩子尽可能地独立面对并处理任何事情”为正确答案。‎ ‎13‎ Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots.‎ The humanoid (human like) robots with two legs such as Honda Motor Co. Ltd’s ASIMO would likely have an easier time climbing up stairs inside homes than a robot that moves on wheels, developers say. ‎ But it will be some time before such devices make their way into people’s homes. ‎ ‎“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid,” Shimoyama said. “I don’t think they will ever be as smart as humans.” ‎ While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to people’s needs. Researchers at Fujitsu Frontech Ltd and Fujitsu Laboratories responsible for developing “Enon”, a guide and patrol (巡逻) robot designed for use in shopping malls and corporate facilities (公共场所), are working on this. ‎ Enon, which has a humanoid upper body but no legs, is equipped with a touch screen on its chest and space in its stomach to carry loads weighting up to 10 kg. ‎ In guide mode, it will check a newcomer and approach the person with a nod and a greeting: “Are you a visitor? Hello.” ‎ Visitors requiring directions can point to icons (图标) displayed on Enon’s chest screen. If the restroom icon is pressed, the screen will display a map that shows the way. ‎ The robot will then face and point in the direction of the restroom, although it won’t actually walk the visitor there. ‎ Enon is now in use at four locations in Japan, including a shopping mall near Tokyo. The main goal is to make it more helpful for the elderly. ‎ ‎“People who work in the transportation sector often ask whether we can build a robot that will find elderly people who look lost in train stations, and ask them if they are all right,” said Toshihido Marita, director of Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd’s autonomous system laboratory. “Actually that is hard to do, very hard,” he said. ‎ 文章大意：机器人产业发展的如此迅速，不可否认我们有一天会发现自己会身处于机器人的包围之中。在本文中作者介绍了名叫“Enon”的机器人，它被广泛应用在商场、医院等公众场所。‎ ‎29. What can we know about robots according to the text?‎ A. They will replace human one day. ‎ B. They are difficult to control. ‎ C. They can do whatever humans do. ‎ D. They will be widely used in our life.‎ D推理判断题。文章首段提出Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots.然后在下文详细介绍了几种机器人，由此判断选D。‎ ‎30. What does Shimoyama think of robots?‎ A. Safe. B. Friendly. C. Stupid. D. Kind-hearted.‎ C细节理解题。根据第四段“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid,”可知他认为机器人很愚笨，故选C。‎ ‎31. What is people’s concern about robots?‎ A. Safety. B. Appearance. C. Weight. D. Size.‎ A细节理解题。根据第五段While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to people’s needs. 可以判断安全是人们关注的一个问题，故选A。‎ ‎32. What can be the best title of the passage?‎ A. The disadvantages of robots. B. The development and use of robots. ‎ C. The benefits that robots bring. D. The history of robots.‎ ‎14‎ The amount of fish caught worldwide is much larger than has been reported.‎ And that could mean serious problems for the environment and nations that depend on fisheries.‎ A new estimate places the world fish catch at 109 million tons. That is 32 million tons higher than countries have been reporting yearly.‎ The same report notes that the world’s fish catch has been declining since the late 1990s.‎ Countries report their industrial catches to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. But they do not report other kinds of fishing. These include the catches of small commercial fisheries, which are called artisanal fisheries, and fishing for recreation and individual food.‎ Daniel Pauly at the University of British Columbia in Canada led the study. He noted that a huge amount of some catches is thrown away.‎ ‎"For example, shrimp trawlers (小虾拖捞船) retain only the shrimp and the fish that they catch – often eight to 10 times as much as the shrimp – gets thrown away."‎ Pauly told VOA that better estimates of the actual global catch will help ensure there will be enough fish in the future.‎ ‎"...But our figures suggest that since 1996 a rapid decrease is happening. And if you project this forward you end up in a few decades having much less catch, literally no catch. So that is potentially dangerous."‎ Researchers also found ways of the world’s fisheries are changing. They found that fishing fleets of larger nations are catching fish in the waters of developing countries more and more.‎ Pauly said he was surprised by the amount of fishing done by foreign fleets in competition with local fishers.‎ ‎"In West Africa, the figure that was most astonishing is the enormous role of foreign fishing – of European and Asian vessels fishing legally or illegally – and competing against local fishers. On the other hand for the U.S., Australia and some developing countries, such as the Bahamas, what was apparent is the enormous contribution of recreational fisheries, which also never get reported to the FAO."‎ Researchers say inaccurate data also harms the development and supervision of effective policy and management measures.‎ 试题分析：每年全球各国报道的捕鱼量远远低于实际捕鱼量，因为它们只报道了产业渔业的捕鱼量，而没报道其它种类的捕鱼量，诸如：人工捕鱼、娱乐捕鱼、以鱼为食的捕鱼。这不仅给环境和靠渔业生存的民族造成了麻烦，而且还阻碍渔业的发展，影响有效政策的贯彻和管理措施的实施。‎ ‎32. What is the weight of fish catch that every country has reported every year?‎ A. 77 million tons. B. 109 million tons. C. 32 million tons. D. 141 million tons.‎ A。 细节理解题。根据第三段可知全球每年各国报道的实际捕鱼量是一亿零九百万吨减去三千二百万吨，即：七千七百万吨。故选A。‎ ‎33. One of the reasons that lead to the inaccurate reports about the actual global catch is that ________.‎ A. countries fail to report the industrial catches B. countries fail to report the small commercial fisheries C. countries fail to report foreign fishing D. the amount of the global catch is too huge to estimate accurately B。细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“但是各国没有报道其它种类的捕鱼量。这包括小型商业渔业的捕鱼量——人工捕鱼、娱乐捕鱼、以鱼为食的捕鱼。”可知B项正确。‎ ‎34. The writer takes the shrimp trawlers for example, because he wants to _______.‎ A. show how much fish is thrown away B. tell us another reason that leads to the inaccurate report of the global fish catch C. tell us how important better estimates of the actual global catch are ‎ D. show how rapidly the global fish catch is declining B。写作意图题。本文主题是：各国报道的捕鱼量远低于实际捕鱼量。这导致了一系列不利的后果。只有B项“告诉读者；另一个导致不能准确报道捕鱼量的原因”符合写作意图，故B项正确。‎ ‎35. From the 10th, 11th and 12th paragraphs, we can judge that old ways of the world’s fisheries might be to fish _________.‎ A. in the local waters B. in the waters of developing countries C. in the waters of developed countries D. both in the local waters and foreign ones A。推理判断题。三段的大意是：科研人员发现世界渔业方法正在发生变化。越来越多的大国渔业船队在发达国家水域捕鱼，其捕鱼量远超当地的捕鱼量。在西非的令人吃惊的捕鱼量中，欧洲和亚洲渔业船队的捕鱼占有量大大地超过了当地船队的捕鱼量。据此推断A项正确。‎ ‎15‎ In the past decade the number of people living past 100 has increased by 71 percent. While one expert believed this figure will continue to rise, he stated that anyone hoping to live for double or triple（三倍） this time will be disappointed. Speaking at a conference, Colin Blakemore, 70, a British scientist, claimed there is a ceiling on how long humans can live, and six score ‎ years “might be a real absolute limit to human lifespan.”‎ A group of scientists discussed the future of medicine, global health concerns and life expectancy. It agreed that medicines will have a limited impact on extending human life, and it was more important to improve the health and quality of life for older people, rather than prolonging it. The group also stated it was important to improve the life expectancy in poorer areas where people typically die much younger than other areas.‎ The 2014 Global Age Watch Index（全球年龄指数）, which ranks 96 nations on the quality of life for the elderly, recently stated that by 2050, the number of over 60s will be 21 percent of the global population. This is almost double the current figure of 12 percent. The percentage of over-80s is growing fastest, too --- expected to rise from two percent now to four percent of the global population by 2050.‎ While it could take years of research to extend humans’ lives, the study raises the possibility of anti-ageing treatments in a new way, according to Dr Kapahi. ‎ The research, reported in the journal Cell Reports, may explain why it has proved so difficult to identify single genes(基因) responsible for the long lives enjoyed by humans. “It’s quite probable that interactions between genes are critical in those fortunate enough to live very long, healthy lives,” said Dr Kapahi. Future research is expected to use mice to see if the same effects occur in mammals.‎ ‎21.How many years can man live according to Colin Blakemore?‎ A. 120 years B. 200 years C. 130 years D. 150 years ‎ A细节理解题。根据文章首段末句中的six score years ‘might be a real absolute limit to human lifespan’可知Colin Blakemore认为人的寿命是有上限的，而120岁很可能就是这个上限，故选A。‎ ‎22. The underlined word “prolonging” in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.‎ A. limit B. enjoy C. shorten D. lengthen D词义猜测题。根据前半句内容可知人们都认为药物对延长人类寿命的影响是有限的，对于老年人来说，与其延长寿命，不如改善健康情况，提升生活质量。句中的extending human life 是信息词，故选D。‎ ‎23.According to the passage, we can know_____.‎ A. by 2050, the number of over 80s will rise by four percent B. people can depend on medicine for long life in the future C. scientists will use mice to do further research D. the research was carried out by the journal Cell Reports C细节理解题。根据文章末段中的“Future research is expected to use mice to see if the same effects occur in mammals. ”可知研究人员将用老鼠来进行进一步的研究，故选C。‎ ‎24.Where can you find this passage?‎ A. A travel journal. B. A science fiction. C. A health report. D. An economic report.‎ C 推理判断题。文章介绍了科学家的最新研究—人类寿命的上限是120岁，这属于人类生命健康话题，故选C。‎ ‎16‎ A friendly English Springer Spaniel named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for helping him catch a suspected intruder(入侵者，闯入者) in their Salem home.‎ ‎ Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see why she was so excited.‎ ‎ "She smelled him because she does have a very good sense of smell," said Strasser. "She jumped up and got all excited thinking someone was there to play."‎ ‎ He said Bonnie didn't bark or bite like a guard dog, but the commotion she made was enough to alert him.‎ ‎ When he walked into the living room, Strasser said he caught the intruder trying to steal his laptop. Strasser said the man took off, but instead of running out the back door where he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage, where he was cornered.‎ ‎ "As you can imagine there's a lot going on in his mind, like ‘How do I get out of this place?' It's dark and he doesn't know it."‎ ‎ Strasser said he grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911.‎ ‎ "There was a lot of, ‘I'm sorry,'" said Strasser. "He starts talking about how he wants to go home and see his kid and asks if I would please let him go. All the stuff you'd say if you're ‎ caught and you don't want to go to jail."‎ ‎ Police showed up and arrested the intruder, who they later identified as Thomas Lowell, 25. He was arraigned in court Monday on charges of burglary and possession of methamphetamine. He is due back in court Oct. 2.‎ ‎ Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so Bonnie could get into the backyard. He plans to keep it closed and locked from now on.‎ ‎60.What does the underlined word mean?‎ A.sudden noise B.happily rolling C.crazily biting D.angrily barking ‎ ‎61. Bonnie is being praised by her owner because________.‎ A. she was a lovely dog.‎ B. she did have a very good sense of smell.‎ C.she didn't bark or bite like a guard dog.‎ D.she helped her owner catch a intruder.‎ ‎62.After the intruder took the laptop, he ________.‎ A. ran out the back door.‎ B. ran into the garage.‎ C. ran away from the owner’s home.‎ D. fought against Bonnie.‎ ‎63. Which of the following sentences is wrong according to the passage?‎ A. Strasser’s girl friend called 911.‎ B. Strasser used to keep the back door open at night.‎ C. Strasser let the intruder go home because he wanted to see his kid.‎ D. Strasser plans to keep the back door closed to prevent something from being stolen.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。据美国媒体近日报道，一只友好的英国史宾格犬邦妮虽然耳聋，却帮助主人擒获了一个入室盗窃犯，主人对她很是赞赏。‎ ‎61.D考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的is being praised by her owner for helping him catch a suspected intruder可知，邦妮虽然耳聋，却帮助主人擒获了一个入室盗窃犯，主人对她很是赞赏。故选D。‎ ‎62.B考查细节理解。根据文章第五段中的instead of running out the back door where he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage, where he was cornered.可知，他没有从进来时的后门跑出去，而是无意中跑进了车库，那里只有死路一条。故选B。‎ ‎63.C考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第三段中的All the stuff you'd say if you're caught and you don't want to go to jail.可知，谁要是被捉住了，还怕进监狱都会说这一套。故选C。‎ ‎17‎ February 16, 2014（VOA）JAKARTA — The United States and China say they recognize the need for "urgent action" to address the twin challenges of climate change and the air pollution caused by burning fossil fuels. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry called for greater political will to address a warming planet.‎ China is the leading producer of greenhouse gases and joins the United States as the largest consumers of energy. So U.S. officials say the world's two biggest economies agreeing to limit emissions and promote energy efficiency in buildings and industry "sends a strong message to the world" that this is an issue that needs to be addressed now.‎ Following that agreement with Chinese leaders, Secretary Kerry told an audience in Indonesia that Washington hopes this "unique partnership" with Beijing will help set an example for global leadership and global seriousness on climate change.‎ Kerry Warns About Global Climate Change ‎"Together we account for roughly 40 percent of the world’s emissions. But this is not just about China and the United States," Kerry said. "It is about every country on Earth doing whatever it can to pursue cleaner and healthier energy sources.‎ Kerry said scientific evidence compels the world to act.‎ ‎"It is not a lack of ability that is the problem," Kerry said. "It is a lack of political resolve ‎ that is standing in our way.‎ The European Union is calling for a 40 percent cut in carbon emissions by 2030. European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso says that target is ambitious and affordable.‎ ‎"It shows that we are beyond debate where we either have to be green or a defender of industry," Barroso said. "We believe these two issues are not contradictory, but can perfectly go together if handled smartly.‎ Some European parliamentarians and some environmentalists believe the carbon reduction goals do not do enough to encourage cleaner energy. Jason Anderson heads European climate and energy policy for the World Wildlife Fund.‎ ‎"We want to make sure that they do not put the brakes on the energy transition that we are seeing now," Anderson said. "Their ambitions for renewable energy would actually slow down the pace of change, which it is completely senseless as it is one of those areas of the economy that is growing right now.‎ Kerry's climate speech was the first in a series of events meant to focus on cutting carbon emissions before talks in Paris next year on coming up with a successor to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which was never ratified by the United States. （www.voa.com）419‎ ‎64. European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso believes that________.‎ A. The European Union accounts for 40 percent of the world’s emissions.‎ B. we either have to be green or a defender of industry.‎ C. we have to be green and a defender of industry if handled smartly.‎ D. the carbon reduction goals do not do enough to encourage cleaner energy.‎ ‎65. What is the main idea of the news report?‎ A. China and the United States will join hands to protect the environment.‎ B. The United States is the largest consumers of energy.‎ C. Kerry Warns About Global Climate Change D. The European Union’s target is ambitious and affordable.‎ ‎66. According to the passage, China _______.‎ A. is the largest consumers of energy.‎ B. is taking effective measures to limit emissions and promote energy efficiency.‎ C. is the unique partnership with the United States on carbon reduction.‎ D. is calling for a 40 percent cut in carbon emissions by 2030.‎ ‎67. From the last paragraph, we can infer that________.‎ A. the United States didn’t ratify the 1997 Kyoto Protocol.‎ B. the United States will not attend the meeting to be held in Paris.‎ C. the United States will ratify the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in Paris.‎ D. the United States will show active attitudes to the climate change and the air pollution.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国国务卿克里的印度尼西亚之行中的讲话内容，文章主要涉及的是节能减排的问题。原创；材料VOA英语新闻14.2.16日新闻 ‎64.C考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第四段中的We believe these two issues are not contradictory, but can perfectly go together if handled smartly.可知，我们坚持绿色环保和保护工业不是矛盾的，如果我们灵活地处理这两件事，它们能完美地共同进行。故选C。A选项把欧盟和中国与美国的内容相混淆；B成为选择关系与文章意思不符；D选项不是Barroso说的内容故排除。‎ ‎65.C考查主旨要义。这篇报道的重要内容就是克里担心全球气候恶化。其他选项以偏概全。故选C。‎ ‎66.B考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的the world's two biggest economies agreeing to limit emissions and promote energy efficiency可知，中国和美国都在限制排放和提高能源使用效率。故选B。A项犯了偷梁换柱的错误；B选项文章中有引号表示特殊的意思，实际上，美国不可能在环保问题上只有一个伙伴；D选项和后文的欧盟内容相混淆。故排除。‎ ‎67.D考查推理判断。根据文章的整体内容可知，美国对节能减排态度很积极。所以推测美国会参加巴黎的世界气候大会，并且会发挥积极的作用。A选项是文章提到的，不是推测的；B选项与文章的整体思想不符；C选项：美国不会在巴黎签订1997年的东京协议书。‎ ‎18‎ BEIJING, March 7 (Xinhua) -- Beijing will take a series of measures to tackle its environmental problems and is confident they will not derail its bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, an official said on Thursday.‎ Beijing has formulated 84 measures to deal with environmental issue and air pollution, said Li Shixiang, Beijing's executive vice mayor, at the ongoing annual session of the National People's Congress, the top legislature.‎ Beijing is expected to cut its current coal consumption by more than half to 10 million tonnes ‎ a year by 2017. It will also impose tough controls over industrial pollution and dust fall from construction sites, while reducing the number of newly added vehicles every year to 150,000, said Li.‎ He said the Chinese capital will benefit from the experience of successfully holding the 2008 Beijing Olympics.‎ Beijing and Zhangjiakou City in neighboring Hebei Province will launch a joint bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, the Chinese Olympic Committee (COC) announced in early November 2013.‎ Beijing will bid to stage the ice events while Zhangjiakou will seek hosting rights for snow sports, according to the COC.‎ Beijing has been plagued by choking smog and it is a great concern for its chances of hosting the Winter Olympics. ‎ ‎56. What does the underlined word “plagued”mean in the last paragraph？‎ A．annoyed B．destroyed C．striked D．broken ‎57．Which statement is true according to the passage？‎ A．Beijing will cut its current coal consumption.‎ B．Beijing will reduce the number of newly added vehicles every year.‎ C．Beijing will firmly control industrial pollution and dust fall from construction sites.‎ D．Smog will hurt Beijing's Winter Olympics bid. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，来源于新华英语网站。文章讲述了北京积极应对环境问题，并重审这些不会影响北京申办2022冬奥会。‎ ‎57.D考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的Beijing will take a series of measures to tackle its environmental problems and is confident they will not derail its bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics可知，环境问题不会影响申办2022冬奥会。故选D。‎ ‎19‎ The events of Saturday night in Kunming are deeply engraved in the mind of Xie Qiming, who narrowly escaped death in the terrorist attack at the city's railway station. ‎ The 48-year-old policeman intervened to stop the butchering of unarmed civilians, saving many ‎ from death and injury, but he was injured in the process. ‎ Lying in a hospital bed, his head and nose marked by serious hacking wounds - one more than 20 centimeters long - Xie recounted（详细叙述） his actions on the day he describes as a nightmare. ‎ ‎"I shot at them but fell to the ground during the fighting. After the shots, the terrorists turned their attention to the police and several of them surrounded me and stabbed me like crazy," he said. "There is no humanity in them." ‎ Xie is from the Beijinglu Police Station, the closest to the attack, and four police officers from the station were the first to respond. He survived because he was wearing a bulletproof vest, which was damaged by the attackers. ‎ When the officers arrived, the attackers were running out of the ticket hall, attacking people with long knives. ‎ Xie and his colleagues tried to stop the attack, which is when Xie was injured. In addition to the deep cuts, his skull was fractured, and at the time of writing he was awaiting further surgery. ‎ ‎"A wave of fierce anger rose up in my mind, and we all forgot to think about the possible danger to us," said Hu Zhe, 23, a police officer trainee at the Beijinglu Police Station. ‎ Having no firearm, he fought the terrorists with a wooden baton, but it got broken in the fighting. He sustained a 6-centimeter wound to his left eyebrow. ‎ Wan Weiqing, a neurosurgeon from Beijing Tiantan Hospital, learned of the attack at 2 am on Sunday and took the first flight to Kunming, where he has been helping the victims. ‎ He said that 71 victims are being treated at the Kunming First People's Hospital, most of them with severe multiple injuries. ‎ ‎"There is one victim whose rib, breastbone, lung and even heart were all injured in one chopping action. The attackers had obviously prepared and practiced for a long time," he said. ‎ Zhou Hongmei, director of the Medical Reform Office at the Yunnan Health Department, said a team of medical experts including 29 doctors had arrived in Kunming by Monday night. They have been working at the five hospitals treating victims of the attack. ‎ Chen Min, a Neurology Department nurse at Kunming First People's Hospital, said the department ‎ usually had seven nurses in the daytime and three at night. "But all the other nurses who were not on duty returned to the hospital voluntarily on Saturday night," she said. ‎ In the past three days, none of them had more than 10 hours of rest. ‎ ‎"The crucial factor in saving lives in such incidents is treatment without delay," said Chai Wenzhao, associate director of the Intensive Care Unit in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Chai has participated in many emergency rescue efforts. ‎ He said that the victims will need psychological counseling once their physical injuries have been dealt with, because the emotional impact of such an incident can be severe. ‎ Four psychologists from Anding Hospital in Beijing have begun treating some of the victims.‎ ‎65.When did the terrorist attack happen?‎ A. on Saturday afternoon B.on Sunday night ‎ C.Three days before the report came out. D.Just before the report was written.‎ ‎66.Which of the following is true about Xie Qiming?‎ A.He was the first to arrive at the scene.‎ B.He was waiting for surgery when the report was writing.‎ C.He was slightly wounded.‎ D.He tried to stop the attack all by himself.‎ ‎67.What does the underlined word “engraved” mean in the passage?‎ A. feared B.disapointed C.attacked D. impressed ‎68.How did Xie Qiming survive?‎ A. He was saved by his colleagues.‎ B. He missed the shot and fell to the ground during the fighting.‎ C. He was protected by his bulletproof vest.‎ D. He pretended to fall to the ground.‎ ‎69.What can we learn from Zhou Hongmei,?‎ A. the victims will need psychological treatment, because the emotional impact of such an incident can be severe. ‎ B.Victims of the attack have been treated by .a team of medical experts.‎ C. Treatment without delay should be given to save lives in such incidents .‎ D.The attackers had obviously prepared and practiced for a long time,‎ ‎70.What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A.Survivors recount nightmare B.Many people was injured in the attack C.A terrorist attack happned in Kunming.‎ D.Police stopped the terrorist attack.‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇文章是昆明恐怖袭击的幸存者详细描述恐怖袭击的细节，认为这是一个噩梦。‎ ‎65.C细节题：从文章的句子：In the past three days, none of them had more than 10 hours of rest. 可知恐怖袭击事件是发生在报导前的三天，选C。‎ ‎66.B细节题：从文章的句子：可知在写这篇报道的时候，Xie Qiming 正在等着手术，选B ‎67.D猜词题：从文章第一段的句子：The events of Saturday night in Kunming are deeply engraved in the mind of Xie Qiming,可知昆明的恐怖袭击事件在Xie Qiming,的大脑里留下深刻影响，选D ‎68.C细节题：从文章第五段的句子：He survived because he was wearing a bulletproof vest, which was damaged by the attackers. 可知Xie Qiming,是因为有防弹衣保护才得以幸存的，选C。‎ ‎69.B细节题：从文章的句子：a team of medical experts including 29 doctors had arrived in Kunming by Monday night. They have been working at the five hospitals treating victims of the attack.可知Zhou Hongmei 说袭击的受害者正在接受医疗专家的治疗，选B ‎70.A标题确定题：从全文和第三段的句子：Xie recounted（详细叙述） his actions on the day he describes as a nightmare.可知这篇文章是昆明恐怖袭击的幸存者详细描述恐怖袭击的细节，认为这是一个噩梦，所以选A 考点：考查新闻报道类短文 ‎20‎ BEIJING - China will build a nation-wide network within three to five years to monitor the impact of air pollution on health, a latest step to deal with a persistent smog crisis in big cities, an official said.‎ A total of 43 monitoring spots will be set up in 16 provinces and municipalities frequently engulfed by smog so as to facilitate research on air pollutants in different regions, the impact on the health of vulnerable groups and the study of related diseases, said Xu Dongqun, an official with the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.‎ With funds allocated by the central government, the study will provide reference for preventive efforts to reduce the PM 2.5, Xu said.‎ Thick and dangerous smog have hit 17 provinces and municipalities with a population of 600 million this year. One of the major cities is Beijing, which has been shrouded in smog for several days during the ongoing seven-day national holiday in 2013.‎ China recently issued a 1.75 trillion-yuan (284.2 billion U.S. dollars) plan to deal with the worsening air, improving air quality within five years in order to decrease the number of heavily polluted days and improve the air in major city clusters.‎ ‎29. China will build a nation-wide network in order to_________.‎ A. monitor the impact of air pollution on health B. improve air quality C. improve air pollution D. increase the PM 2.5‎ ‎30. The underlined word “persistent” means“________”.‎ A. 短时的 B. 持久的C. 短暂的D. 停留的 ‎ ‎31. China will take measures to deal with air pollution except________.‎ A. China recently issued a 1.75 trillion-yuan (284.2 billion U.S. dollars) plan B. set up monitoring spots in 16 provinces and municipalities C. improve living standard D. improve the air in major city clusters ‎ ‎32. We can infer from the paragraph________.‎ A. Thick and dangerous smog have hit 17 provinces and municipalities B. air pollution impacted a population of 600 million this year C. The people in Beijing probably wore masks when they walked on the street during the national holiday in 2013.‎ D. the study will provide reference for preventive efforts to reduce the PM 2.5‎ C篇：文章大意：本文叙述了由于中国今年受雾霾的影响很厉害，影响时间长，面积大，这引起了中国政府的高度重视，政府决定采取措施来制止这种空气污染，本文列出了政府的一些措施。‎ ‎31. C细节理解题。根据短文的内容可知没有提到要提高生活水平的问题。故选C。‎ ‎32.C推理判断题。根据One of the major cities is Beijing, which has been shrouded in smog for several days during the ongoing seven-day national holiday in 2013.因为在2013年国庆节期间北京有几天都是雾霾的天气，所以外出的人有可能带着口罩。故选C。‎ ‎ ‎