2019-2020学年湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学高二8月月考英语试题 解析版

2019-2020学年湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学高二8月月考英语试题 解析版

宜昌市葛洲坝中学 2019-2020 学年第一学期 高二年级 8 月阶段性检测英语试题 第Ⅰ卷 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers do today? A. Tour around the city. B. Buy a train ticket. C. Visit a park. 2. What did the woman do last weekend? A. She went on a trip. B. She cleaned her kitchen. C. She moved to a new apartment. 3. Where did the man work part-time? A. In a department store. B. In a post office. C. In a bank. 4. What is the man doing? A. Having a class. B. Reading a book. C. Taking an exam. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a store. B. In a concert. C. In a library. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟：听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. Why was Loretta on the news? A. She wrote a song for the TV . B. She won a music contest. C. She sang a song for charity. 7. What does Loretta think of singing? A. It gives her great pleasure. B. It will make her famous . C. It takes too much of her time. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What relation is Mr. Butler to the woman? A. Her boss. B. Her customer. C. Her workmate. 9. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Do her best to help others. B. Deal with complaints properly. C. Put Mr. Butler’s phone calls through to him. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the man’s hobbies? A. Fishing and stamp collecting. B. Reading and watching TV. C. Watching TV and collecting stamps. 11. What does the man say about the woman? A. She is popular. B. She is bad-tempered. C. She lacks patience. 12. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. By a lake. C. At a cinema. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What is the most important transportation in Karl’s village now? A. The plane. B. The bus. C. The boat. 14. What type of work do many people in Karl’s village do now? A. They fish in a boat. B. They make tools by hand. C. They do business on the Internet. 15. What does Karl think of the old lifestyle? A. Easy. B. Exciting. C. Dangerous. 16. What is Karl most interested in? A. Modern clothes. B. Computer games. C. Hunting tales. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What is the weather probably like today? A. Rainy. B. Dry. C. Hot. 18. Where did Matt begin his journey? A. In England. B. In California. C. In Hawaii. 19. How many hours was Matt’s longest flight? A. Sixteen and a half hours. B. Sixteen hours. C. Fourteen hours. 20. What will Matt do next? A. Interview someone. B. Share his experiences. C. Plan on another journey. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项。 A If Confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out. While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes. But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China. In the past two decades the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）. Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers. So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well. Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West. As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is. 1. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________ A. provide some key facts about Confucius B. show great respect for the ancient thinker C. attract the readers’ interest in the subject D. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations 2. What is the best title for the passage? A. Forgotten Wisdom in America B. Huge Fans of the Chinese Language C. Chinese Culture for Westerners D. Old Thinker with a Big Future 3. The passage is likely to appear in ___________. A. a newspaper B. a history paper C. a philosophy textbook D. a p biography 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了外国人对中国文化的兴趣越来越浓，对于孔子思想也越来越 感兴趣这一社会现象。孔子思想已深入西方，成为西方人深入了解中国的桥梁。美国学生对 汉语产生了浓厚兴趣，这就需要更多的老师传播孔子思想和中国文化。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。在文章第一段中，作者假设如果孔子活到现在的话，过生日一定需要很多蜡烛。 从第二段开始说孔子在西方很流行等内容，由此可推断作者写第一段的目的是为了吸引读者， 故正确答案为 C。 【2 题详解】 主旨大意题。由倒数第二段 “So the old thinker's ideas are still alive and well.（因此， 这位老思想家的思想仍然鲜活。）” 和最后一段 “As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.（至于这位老思想家，他不会 很快被西方人民遗忘，即使他的生日是。）”可知文章想要阐述的观点是古老的思想家孔子并 未被忘记，并且将来在西方还会很流行，由此可知 D 项“有前途的老思想家”符合文意。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲的是中国的思想家孔子及其所代表的东方文化仍然被西方所推崇， 而并没有讲孔子这个人具体如何，也没有谈及历史或者哲学内容，由此可推断这篇文章更可 能出现在报纸上，故正确答案为 A。 B When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate? Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear. Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership. The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people. The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills. 4. The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage. A. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objective B. to injure or harm one's own interests C. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly D. to grow forth from the ground 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. People tend to associate leadership with fear. B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health. C. Good relationship is the key to business success. D. Smart people are more functional in the work place. 6. To positively influence employees, a leader should first of all ____. A. hide his own emotion of fear B. provide better suggestions C. give his employees a pay raise D. develop his own personality 7. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to_____. A. provide a variety of project for employees B. help raise employees’ living standards C. deal wisely with employees’ emotions D. give employees’ specific instructions（指导） 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇关于权利的夹叙夹议的议论文，讲述了什么是真正的权利。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文 If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you（如果他们把你和这种恐惧的情绪联系在一起，他们在你身边就 会变得不那么有用）以及下文 but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.（还可能会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。）可知 当员工把领导与恐惧情绪联系在一起时，员工不仅会变得效率低下，从而损害或损害领导自 己的利益，还会让一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。可推测划线部分短语意思 为“损害自己的利益”，故选 B。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是最后一句 Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you，which is the key to the leadership skills．可知好的关系是生意成功的 关键，所以 C 选项是正确的。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句 The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character，and our understanding and use of emotion．以及最后一段 Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do…可知为了积极的影 响员工，领导者必须发展自己的个性，所以 D 选项是正确的。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句 The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence-knowing your own emotions，and how to handle them，and those of others．可知好的领导者主要是看他是 否能理智的处理员工的情感，故选 C。 【点睛】词义猜测题 高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用 refer to，be called 或 that’s to say，such as 等。 ② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because 等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面 部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 ③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 ④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析， 同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第一小题，根据上文 If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you（如果他们把你和 这种恐惧的情绪联系在一起，他们在你身边就会变得不那么有用）以及下文 but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.（还可能会让 一个非常好的员工或合作伙伴无法有效地工作。）可知当员工把领导与恐惧情绪联系在一起时， 员工不仅会变得效率低下，从而损害或损害领导自己的利益，还会让一个非常好的员工或合 作伙伴无法有效地工作。可推测划线部分短语意思为“损害自己的利益”，故选 B。 ⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注 意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、 位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。 C 是 During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior”. In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and. the highest in status based on student surveys . “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.” Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date- sharing, kindness, openness ---- carry over to later years and. make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for t those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,” he said. 8. What sort of girl was the author in early years of elementary schoo1? A. Generous. B. Lone1y· C. Unkind. D. Cool. 9. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The importance of interpersonal ski11s. B. The characteristics （特征）of adolescents C. The classification(分类) of the popular D. The causes of dishonorable behavior. 10. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids? A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They performed well academically C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They tended to be more acceptable 11. What is the best title for the text? A. The Higher the Status, the Better B. Be Nice-----You Won’t Finish Last C. Be the Best----You Can Make It D. More Self—Control, Less Aggressive 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讲了哪些人受欢迎，哪些人不受欢迎，以及他们的一些优势和 劣势。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段 During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes， which allowed me to keep my high social status.在小学的美好岁月里， 我喜欢分享我的洋娃娃和笑话，这让我保持了很高的社会地位。"可知作者是慷慨大方的。故 选 A。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology． Mitch Prinstein， a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories： the likable and the status seekers．（大众化是社会心理学中一门探索性很好 的学科。临床心理学教授米奇•普林斯坦将大众化分为两类：讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。） 可知这段讲的是大众化的分类。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段""We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates．"（我们发现，随着时间的推移，最不受 欢迎的青少年对他们的同学变得更具攻击性。）根据第四段" But so had those who were high in status ． It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment， high status has just the opposite effect on us．（但是，那些在统计上处于高 位的青少年也是如此．它清楚地表明，虽然喜爱度可以导致健康的调整，但高地位对我们的 影响正好相反。）根据最后一段"Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， " he said．（被喜欢 创造了学习和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，"他说。）可知被喜欢的人获得的机 会更多，也就是更易被人接受，所以 D 正确。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段"Dr． Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing， kindness， openness - carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.（Prinstein 博士还发现，邻居们希望你在游戏中分享、友善、开放——这些品质一直延续到后来的几年， 使 你 能 够 更 好 地 与 他 人 相 处 和 联 系 ） 以 及 最 后 一 段 " In analyzing his and other research，Dr． Prinstein came to another conclusion： Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes， but it is also responsible for those outcomes， too． "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， " he said．（在分析他的研究和其他研究时，普 林斯坦博士得出了另一个结论：受欢迎不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且对这些结果也负有 责任．"被喜欢创造了学习和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，"他说。）可知本文主 要是讲了要学会分享，要友善，要好好和别人相处，故 B 项"要友好，你不会是最后一个完成 的"符合文意。故选 B。 【点睛】主旨大意主要的解题策略有： （1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一 短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小； 精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。 （2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句， 就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中 心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者 的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如 but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary 等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。 答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。 例如文章的第 3 小题，此题属于主旨大意中的（1）类——标题类，根据倒数第二段 "Dr． Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing， kindness， openness - carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.（Prinstein 博士还发现，邻居们希 望你在游戏中分享、友善、开放——这些品质一直延续到后来的几年，使你能够更好地与他 人相处和联系）以及最后一段" In analyzing his and other research，Dr． Prinstein came to another conclusion： Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes， but it is also responsible for those outcomes， too． "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage， " he said．（在分析他的研究和其他研究时，普林斯坦博士得出了另一个 结论：受欢迎不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且对这些结果也负有责任．"被喜欢创造了学习 和新的生活体验的机会，帮助某人获得优势，"他说。）可知本文主要是讲了要学会分享，要 友善，要好好和别人相处，故 B 项"要友好，你不会是最后一个完成的"符合文意。故选 B。 D The market for ride sharing is starting to look like a pie-eating competition where the prize is…… more pie. Lyft went public on March 29,and the stock (股票) almost immediately went into a quick drop as money-providers noticed that the company hadn’t made any money yet and didn’t h pave any clear plans to do so. On April 11, Uber went public in the stock market too. The company said it commands more than 50 percent of the ride-hailing(叫车服务) market in America and Europe----and had an operating loss of $3 billion last year, about three times as much as Lyft lost. Think about that: those two companies lost nearly $4 billion in a single year transporting people. What’s happening in the ride-sharing market is special in a number of ways. First, it offers what is called “network effects”: The more riders you have, the easier it is to attract and send drivers, and the more drivers you have, the more riders you will attract. Markets that display network effects prefer to benefit a few players, and possibly only one. Second, ride sharing has no changing costs. It’s simple to get both apps on your phones, and many riders and drivers do just that, which means fierce competition over every single ride. There are only two ways that the price war can end. Either Uber or Lyft come to some sort of agreement to stop selling their services below cost, or at least one of the companies may need to die. And so the pie-eating competition may continue forever, until everyone bursts. There may finally be no route to money for these companies, no payoff for money-providers. The number of major ride-riding companies may not be two, or even one, but none. 12. What do we know about “network effects”? A. More riders will attract more drivers. B. More players will crowd the market. C. More drivers will give up the use of apps. D. More network companies will survive. 13. What do Uber and Lyft have in common? A. Entering for the pie-making company. B. Going public in stock market. C. Benefiting the money-providers. D. Enjoying a financially bright future. 14. What is one way out to end the price war? A. Putting more money into the market. B. Selling services below cost. C. Arriving at a win-win agreement. D. Having free access to either company. 15. What can be the best title for the text ? A. Riding-hailing market, we’re coming B. Locked in a price war, only two ways out C. Uber or Lyft, who cares? D. The prize for a pie-eating competition. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要分析了 Umber 和 Lyft 两家拼车公司都面临严重亏损，并指出价格战只 有两种方式可以结束。要么 Umber 和 Lyft 达成某种协议，以低于成本的价格出售服务，要么 至少有一家公司可能需要倒闭。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句 First, it offers what is called “network effects”: The more riders you have, the easier it is to attract and send drivers, and the more drivers you have, the more riders you will attract.（首先，它提供了所谓的“网络效应”:乘客越 多，吸引和发送司机就越容易，司机越多，吸引的乘客就越多。）可知“网络效应”意味着更 多的乘客将吸引更多的司机。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Lyft went public on March 29 以及第三段第一句 On April 11, Umber went public in the stock market too.可知 Umber 和 Lyft 共同点在于它们都在 股票市场上市了。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 There are only two ways that the price war can end. Either Umber and Lyft come to some son of agreement to slop selling their services below cost, or at least one of the companies may need to die. And so the pie-eating competition may continue forever, until everyone bursts.（价格战只有两种方式可以结束。 要么 Umber 和 Lyft 达成某种协议，以低于成本的价格出售服务，要么至少有一家公司可能需 要倒闭。因此，吃派的竞争可能会永远持续下去，直到每个人都崩溃为止。）可知结束价格战 的一个办法是达成一个双赢的协议。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句 There are only two ways that the price war can end. Either Umber and Lyft come to some son of agreement to slop selling their services below cost, or at least one of the companies may need to die.（价格战只有两种方式 可以结束。要么 Umber 和 Lyft 达成某种协议，以低于成本的价格出售服务，要么至少有一家 公司可能需要倒闭。）以及文章主要内容围绕 Umber 和 Lyft 之间的价格战展开，故 C 选项“陷 入价格战只有两条出路。”符合题意。故选 B。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. ___16___ Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. ___17___ Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.___18___ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. ____19____ Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). ___20___ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C.. And examine the findings of the original research. D. Be sure to work through the critical questions E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F. Make choice that are right for you. G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. F 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何鉴别一些健康信息，如：依靠原始的信息源、注意区别 误导性的信息等。 【16 题详解】 根据上文 how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.（如何区分相关信息，如何区分事实与观点，如何识别糟糕的推理，如何分析信息 和来源的可靠性。）可知，前面的几个 howto 表明，你如何做出选择。而 G 是下面这些建议帮 你鉴别正确的健康信息。 【17 题详解】 根据本段小标题 Go to the original source（回到最初的源头）根据关键词定位可对应到 C 选项中 original source．表示“并检查原始研究的结果。”符合语境。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 通过小标题 Watch for misleading language（警惕误导语言）以及下文 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.（仔细阅读或听信息，以便充分理 解它。）可知，要注意解释的欺骗性，作者的观点也可能错误地解释了信息。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 根据该段的小标题 Use your common sense（运用你的常识）以及 Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements（特别要注意广告中的信息）可知建议我们要注 意广告中的一些信息，得出文报道似乎很真实，就是为了诱导你买东西。故选 B。 【20 题详解】 根 据 下 文 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.（朋友和 家人可以是一个伟大的想法和灵感的来源，但我们每个人都需要找到一个健康的生活方式， 为我们工作。）可知是在朋友和家人是主意的好来源，因此要做出适合自己的选择。故选 F。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 Sudha Chandran, a classical dancer from India, had to have her right leg cut after a car accident. She was also ___21___ on her career (事业) road. Though the accident brought her bright career to a ___22___, she didn’t give up. In the ___23___ months that followed, Sudha met a doctor who developed an artificial (人造的) ___24___ made from rubber filled with sponge (海绵). So ___25___ she wanted to go back to ___26___ after she had been fitted with an artificial leg. Sudha knew that she believed in ___27___ and could realize her dream, ___28___ she began her courageous journey back to the world of dancing — ___29___ to balance, bend, stretch, walk, turn, twist and twirl. After every public recital (个人表演), she ____30____ ask her dad about her performance. “You ____31____ have a long way to go” was the answer she used to get ____32____. In January 1984, Sudha made a historic ____33____ by giving a public recital in Bombay. She performed in such a great manner that it ____34____ everyone to tears and this ____35____ pushed her to the number one position again. That evening when she asked her dad the ____36____ question, he didn’t say anything. He just touched her feet as a praise. Sudha’s comeback was ____37____ moving that a film producer ____38____ to make the story into a hit film. When someone asked Sudha how she had ____39____ to dance again, she said quite simply, “YOU DON’T NEED FEET TO DANCE.” ____40____ is impossible in this world. If you have the will to win, you can achieve anything. 21. A. taken off B. cut off C. kicked off D. put off 22. A. top B. height C. point D. stop 23. A. unforgettable B. painful C. busy D. free 24. A. flower B. leg C. gift D. box 25. A. strangely B. strongly C. heavily D. vividly 26. A. home B. school C. dancing D. walking 27. A. the doctor B. the stage C. herself D. her dad 28. A. so B. even C. since D. such 29. A. starting B. remembering C. wanting D. learning 30. A. could B. should C. would D. might 31. A. still B. ever C. also D. yet 32. A. in surprise B. in turn C. in return D. in anger 33. A. change B. comeback C. movement D. promise 34. A. moved B. made C. let D. forced 35. A. story B. performance C. decision D. accident 36. A. same B. new C. normal D. usual 37. A. such B. this C. very D. so 38. A. allowed B. pretended C. refused D. decided 39. A. tried B. thought C. managed D. imagined 40. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了印度舞者 Sudha Chandran 的故事。她本是一个前途光明的舞者，却 在一次车祸中失去了一条腿，但她想重回舞台，所以当医生为她装了假肢后，她相信自己并 激励自己重回舞台，努力练习，最后成功地重返了舞台。告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。 【21 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的职业道路也被切断了。A. taken off 起飞；脱掉；B. cut off 切断；断绝；C. kicked off 踢开；D. put off 推迟。由句中的 also 可知此空与前句中的"have her right leg cut"表示相似的含义。cut off"切断，断绝"。车祸切断了她的事业前途。故 选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这次事故使她辉煌的事业停止了，但她没有放弃。A. top 顶 端；B. height 身高；C. point 要点；D. stop 停止。短语 bring sth.to a stop 相当于 bring sth．to an end，意为"结束，终结"，为习惯搭配。车祸使她光明的前途停止了。故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来痛苦的几个月里，苏达遇到了一位医生，他发明了一 种用海绵填充橡胶制成的假肢。A. unforgettable 难忘的；B. painful 痛苦的；C. busy 繁忙 的；D. free 自由的。右腿被截去，接下来的日子里肯定是痛苦的（painful）。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来痛苦的几个月里，苏达遇到了一位医生，他发明了一种 用海绵填充橡胶制成的假肢。A. flower 鲜花；B. leg 腿；义肢；C. gift 礼物；D. box 盒子。 由下文可知她被安装上了假腿（leg）。由下文中的 an artificial leg 也可推知。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她非常想在装上假肢后再去跳舞。A. strangely 奇怪地；B. strongly 强烈地；C. heavily 沉重地；D. vividly 生动地。安装上假肢后，她重回舞台的愿望变得非 常强烈（strongly）。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常想在装上假肢后再去跳舞。A. home 家；B. school 学校； C. dancing 跳舞；D. walking 散步。由文章首句中的"a classical dancer"可知她是舞蹈家， 所以想重新返回舞台跳舞。文中多次提到 dance。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sudha 知道她相信自己，能够实现自己的梦想 A. the doctor 医生； B. the stage 舞台；C. herself 她自己；D. her dad 她的爸爸。Sudha 对自己充满信心。believe in oneself"相信自己"。故选 C。 【28 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sudha 知道她相信自己，能够实现她的梦想，所以她开始了她勇敢 的旅程，回到舞蹈的世界——学习平衡、弯曲、伸展、行走、转弯、扭转和旋转。A. so 因此； B. even 甚至；C. since 自从；D. such 这样的。therefore"因此，所以"，表示顺承关系。Sudha 有重新返回舞台的坚定毅力，因此便开始为之付出努力。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sudha 知道她相信自己，能够实现她的梦想，所以她开始了她勇敢 的旅程，回到舞蹈的世界——学习平衡、弯曲、伸展、行走、转弯、扭转和旋转。A. starting 开始；B. remembering 记得；C. wanting 想要；D. learning 学。由于安装上了假肢，所 以开始重新练习舞蹈的基本功。learn to do sth．"学习做某事"。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：每次公开演出之后，她都会问父亲她的表演。A. could 可能；B. should 应该；C. would 将会；总是；D. might 可能。would 可用于表示习惯或特性，带有主 观性，意为"总是"。她总是问他的父亲她的表演怎么样。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你还有很长的路要走”，这是她过去常常得到的回答。A. still 仍然；B. ever 曾经；C. also 也；D. yet 还。从下文中的 have a long way to go 可知还有 （yet）很长的路要走。故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：“你还有很长的路要走”，这是她过去常常得到的回答。A. in surprise 惊奇地；B. in turn 反过来；C. in return 作为回报；D. in anger 生气地。Sudha 每次向父亲询问他对自己舞蹈的评价时，父亲总是以"你还有很长的路要走"作为回答。in return"作为回报，作为回应"，为固定搭配。故选 C。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1984 年 1 月，Sudha 在孟买举行了一场公开独奏会，这是一次历 史性的回归。A. change 改变；B. comeback 复出；C. movement 活动；D. promise 承诺。Sudha 做了一个有历史意义的回归， comeback"复原，卷土重来"，这是针对右腿被截肢前而言。由 下文中的 comeback 也可知选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的表演非常棒，每个人都感动得流下了眼泪，这次表演又把她 推到了第一的位置。A. moved 感动；B. made 制造；C. let 让；D. forced 强迫。她这么好的 表演感动（moved）了每一个人。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的表演非常棒，每个人都感动得流下了眼泪，这次表演又把她 推到了第一的位置。A. story 故事；B. performance 表演；C. decision 决定；D. accident 事故。这次表演使她又回到第一名的位置。故选 B。 【36 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，当她像往常一样问父亲问题时，他什么也没说。A. same 同样的；B. new 新的；C. normal 正常的；D. usual 通常的。the usual question"通常的问 题"，由上文可知，她每次演出完后都要问父亲自己的表现这么样。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sudha 的回归如此感人，以至于一位电影制片人决定把这个故事拍 成一部热门电影。A. such 如此的；B. this 这个；C. very 非常；D. so 因此。such…that… 结构，"如此…以致"．such 用于修饰名词，so 用于修饰形容词或副词。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sudha 的回归如此感人，以至于一位电影制片人决定把这个故事拍 成一部热门电影。A. allowed 允许；B. pretended 假装；C. refused 拒绝；D. decided 决定。 她的故事如此令人感动以致于一名电影制片人决定把这个故事拍成电影。decide to do sth．" 决定做某事"。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当有人问 Sudha 她是如何重新学会跳舞的，她很简单地说:“你 不需要脚来跳舞。”A. tried 尝试；B. thought 认为；C. managed 设法；D. imagined 想象。 有人问她如何再一次成功的跳起了舞。manage to do sth．"成功做成某事"，相当于 succeed in doing sth.故选 C。 【40 题详解】 考查不定代词辨析。句意：在这个世界上没有什么是不可能的。A. Nothing 没有什么；B. Anything 任何事；C. Something 某事；D. Everything 一切。没有什么（nothing）是不可能 的，用 nothing 与句中 impossible 构成双重否定，表示肯定含义。故选 A。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since Jan. 1, China has allowed all couples to have two children, _______41_______(end) its more than 35-year-old policy that _______42_______(limit) most Chinese couples to one child. The change _______43_______(mean) to help population development and deal with the problem of ________44________ aging population. While the family planning policy, introduced in the 1970s, let China invest more in its economic development than in food, _______45_______ has slowed down the growth of the young population and those who work. As older people now make _______46_______ a larger part of the total population of China, China faces an _______47_______(anxiety) situation. It will lose the advantage of great labor power---- power _______48_______ has allowed factories to export cheap products labeled “Made in China ” and allowed online _______49_______ (company) to offer cheap or free delivery services. The new policy will slow down this decrease in the working-age population. _____50_____(hope), it will continue China’s economic growth. 【答案】41. ending 42. limited 43. is meant 44. an 45. it 46. up 47. anxious 48. that/which 49. companies 50. Hopefully 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。自 1 月 1 日起，中国允许所有夫妇生两个孩子，结束了 35 年多来大多数中 国夫妇只能生一个孩子的政策。这一变化旨在帮助人口发展和解决人口老龄化问题。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自 1 月 1 日起，中国允许所有夫妇生两个孩子，结束了 35 年多来限 制大多数中国夫妇只能生一个孩子的政策。本句中 end 做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主谓关 系，用现在分词，故填 ending。 【42 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 policy，limit 在从句中做谓语动词， 且用一般过去时，故填 limited。 【43 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这一变化旨 帮助人口发展和解决人口老龄化问题。固定短语 mean to do sth.“有意做……”，且主语 change 与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填 is meant。 【44 题详解】 考查冠词。population 为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 aging 为元音音素开头的单词，故应 填不定冠词 an。 【45 题详解】 考查人称代词。句意：尽管上世纪 70 年代实行的计划生育政策让中国在经济发展方面的投资 超过了食品投资，但它也减缓了年轻人口和劳动人口的增长。此处指代上文 the family planning policy，故填人称代词 it。 【46 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：随着老年人在中国总人口中所占的比例越来越大，中国面临着一种焦 虑的局面。固定短语 make up“组成；构成”，故填 up。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词。situation 为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填 anxious。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句连接词。句意：它将失去巨大劳动力的优势——这使得工厂可以出口标有“中 国制造”的廉价产品，并允许在线公司提供廉价或免费的送货服务。本句为定语从句修饰先 行词 labor power，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填关系代词 that/which。 【49 题详解】 考查名词的数。company 为可数名词，前面没有冠词故应用复数形式，故填 companies。 【50 题详解】 考查副词。句意：希望它能继续推动中国经济增长。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填 Hopefully。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 在 删除：把多余的词用斜线 ( ) 划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改 10 处，多者不计分。 There is donation box in my neighborhood, in that you can donate clothes and bags. Social workers will collect them regularly and distributes them to people in need. I love for this idea very much, and I want to be one of the donator. It was because I grew so fast what many clothes my mom bought me didn’t fit me any longer. Therefore, they are really new and in good condition. I used to being puzzled about how to deal with these second-hand clothes. But with the donation box, I can share it with other children. My mother likes my idea and takes pride of me. 【答案】1.donation box 前加 a 2. that→which 3. distributes→distribute 4. 去掉 for 5. donator→donators 6. what→that 7. Therefore→However 8. being→be 9.it→them 10. of→in 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。作者想要把自己穿不了的衣服捐给捐衣箱，和其他孩子一起分享。作者妈 妈喜欢这个的想法，并以作者为荣。 【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我家附近有一个捐款箱，你可以在里面捐衣服和包。box 为可数 名词，此处泛指“一个箱子”故应在 donation box 前面加 a。 2.考查定语从句连接词。句意同上。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词 box， 且做介词 in 的宾语，先行词指物，故应用关系代词 which。故 that 改为 which。 3.考查主谓一致。句意：社工会定期收集并分发给有需要的人。will 后跟动词原形，故 distributes 改为 distribute。 4.考查固定用法。句意：我非常喜欢这个想法。love 为及物动词可以直接跟宾语，故去掉 for。 5.考查名词的数。句意：我想成为捐赠者之一。one of 后跟名词复数形式，表示“……其中 之一”，故 donator 改为 donators。 6.考查固定句式。句意：因为我长得太快了，妈妈给我买 很多衣服都不合身了。固定句式 so…that…“如此……以致于”，故 what 改为 that。 7.考查连接词。句意：然而，他们还很新而且还很完好。根据语境可知上下文为转折关系， 故 Therefor 改为 However。 8.考查固定用法。句意：我过去对如何处理这些二手衣服感到困惑。固定短语 used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，故 being 改为 be。 9.考查人称代词。句意：但 有了捐款箱，我可以和其他孩子一起分享他们了。此处指代上 文 clothes，为复数名词，故 it 改为 them。 10.考查固定短语。句意：我妈妈喜欢我的想法，并以我为荣。短语 take pride in sb.“以某 人为荣”，故 of 改为 in。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点： 1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用 who 或 whom，指人时通常不用 which 等等。 2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是 作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用 whose，有时也用 which。作状语要用 when, where, why。 3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why 通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。 如第二小题，本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词 box，且做介词 in 的宾语， 先行词指物，故应用关系代词 which。故 that 改为 which。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jamie 来信说他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但在阅读时遇 到了困难，比如很多汉字不认识，读不懂文章的意思等，希望得到你的帮助。请给他回信， 内容包括：1.表示理解并给予安慰； 2.提出建议。 的 是 注意:1.词数 100 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中国传统文学 traditional Chinese literature；汉字 Chinese character Dear Jamie， ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jamie， I am more than delighted to know that you are interested in the traditional Chinese literature. It's never easy to learn Chinese characters and essays. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don’t have to feel upset. Here are some useful tips. First, turn to the Internet for help when you have a problem, where you can learn how to read and write the characters. Second, you can learn from Chinese people around and I'm always here to help. But the most important is to keep on learning and practicing. You are sure to make progress. Best wishes ! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文写作。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jamie 来信说他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但在阅读时遇到了困难，比如很多汉字不认识，读不 懂文章的意思等，希望得到你的帮助。请给他回信，内容包括：1.表示理解并给予安慰；2. 提出建议。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be delighted to（很高兴），traditional Chinese literature（中国传统文学），Chinese character（中国汉字）；turn to（求助于）等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 It's never easy to learn Chinese characters and essays.运用了 it 做形式主语 结构；First, turn to the Internet for help when you have a problem, where you can learn how to read and write the characters.运用了定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的 句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然， 为文章增色添彩。