【英语】2018届二轮复习说明文阅读理解典题10篇训练之三学案（含有解析）（25页word版）

【英语】2018届二轮复习说明文阅读理解典题10篇训练之三学案（含有解析）（25页word版）

‎2018届二轮复习 说明文阅读理解典题10篇训练之三 ‎【一】‎ While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work，lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience.If you are looking for some peace on your vacation，we have some recommendations for you in the Caucasus(高加索)．‎ Lake Sevan Lake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia，in the Gegharkunik province.It is the largest lake in Armenia，located 6,200ft above sea level.Along the lake shore，there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake in such as windsurfing，swimming and sunbathing.While there，do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank Monastery，and it offers a great view of the lake as well.‎ Lake Paravani Lake Paravani，located at 6,801ft above sea level，is in the south of Georgia，near the Javakheti plateau.At this level，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness.Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience.The lake is best known for fishing.Do not come home during the winter months when the lake freezes.‎ Lake Cildir Lake Cildir is located in the Ardahan province，East Turkey，near the borders of Georgia and Armenia.It is the second largest freshwater lake of ‎ Eastern Turkey，and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction.Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus.The lake freezes during late November.If the winter is not extremely cold，you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing.‎ Lake Van Lake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list.The largest lake in Turkey，Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most accessible lake here.It's situated at 5,380ft above sea level，and unique to lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content.‎ ‎1．If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake，you can go to ________.‎ A．Lake Cildir B．Lake Parvani ‎ C．Lake Sevan D．Lake Van ‎2．What is special about Lake Van?‎ A．Its water is high in salt.‎ B．It is a volcanic lake.‎ C．It is globally the largest lake.‎ D．It is surrounded by mountains.‎ ‎3．What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Lake Paravani? ‎ A．Lack of medicine.‎ B．Volcano eruptions.‎ C．Altitude sickness.‎ D．Low temperature all the year.‎ ‎4．Which destinations would be attractive to a fishing lover?‎ A．Lake Sevan and Lake Paravani.‎ B．Lake Paravani and Lake Cildir.‎ C．Lake Cildir and Lake Van.‎ D．Lake Sevan and Lake Van.‎ 答案与解析 高加索地区是非常好的适合旅游的地方。作者推荐了几处湖泊，是寻找内心平静的好去处。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据“Lake Sevan”中的“While there, do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments, the Sevanavank Monastery, and it offers a great view of the lake as well.”可知，那里有一个著名的文化古迹——the Sevanavank Monastery修道院，游客可以去参观。故选C。‎ ‎2．A　细节理解题。根据“Lake Van”介绍中的“It's situated at 5,380ft above sea level, and unique to lakes around the world, the water is high in salt content.”可知，Lake Van这个湖泊以含盐量特别高而出名。故选A。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据“Lake Paravani”介绍中“Lake Paravani,‎ ‎ located at 6,801ft above sea level, is in the south of Georgia, near the Javakheti plateau. At this level, altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly, or bring medication for altitude sickness.”可知，在Lake Paravani游玩的时候，要注意高原反应。故选C。‎ ‎4．B　细节理解题。根据“Lake Paravani”部分中“ Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience. The lake is best known for fishing.”和“Lake Cildir”部分中“The lake freezes during late November. If the winter is not extremely cold, you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing.”可知，游客在这两个湖可以从事钓鱼活动。故选B。‎ ‎【二】‎ Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.‎ We experience this tiredness in two ways: as startup fatigue (疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.‎ Such startup fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. ‎ Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical order (按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of ‎ essaywriting. Experience proved that the rule works. ‎ Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over. ‎ When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》) , I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.‎ One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.‎ An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.‎ Human beings, I believe, must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.‎ ‎1．People with startup fatigue are most likely to ________.‎ A．delay tasks　　　　　 B．work hard C．seek help D．accept failure ‎ ‎2．What does the author recommend doing to prevent startup fatigue?‎ A．Writing essays in strict order.‎ B．Building up physical strength.‎ C．Leaving out the toughest ideas. ‎ D．Dealing with the hardest task first.‎ ‎3．On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?‎ A．Before starting a difficult task.‎ B．When all the solutions fail.‎ C．If the job is rather boring.‎ D．After finding a way out.‎ ‎4．According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us ________.‎ A．ignore mental problems B．get some nice sleep C．gain complete relief D．find the right solution ‎5．What could be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Success Is Built upon Failure B．How to Handle Performance Fatigue C．Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success D．Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems 答案与解析 本文是一篇说明文。一次次的失败会导致人们产生疲惫，只要克服这些疲惫，人们就会走向成功。文章主要介绍了两种疲惫及克服这些疲惫的方法。‎ ‎1．A　细节理解题。该题问的是在开始阶段有疲惫感的人们的表现。根据第二段第二、三句可知，他们会推迟任务，A项与原文相符。故A项正确。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。该题问的是作者提议应如何阻止开始阶段的疲惫。根据第三段第二句可知，作者建议从最难的工作着手来阻止开始阶段的疲惫。故D项正确。‎ ‎3．B　细节理解题。该题问的是在什么场合人很容易产生执行疲惫。根据第五段第三句可知，当所有的努力都失败时，我们就很容易产生执行疲惫。故B项正确。‎ ‎4．D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，潜意识的思维也许会帮助我们找到正确的解决方案。故D项正确。‎ ‎5．C　标题概括题。通过对全文的理解可知，文章主要介绍了两种类型的疲惫以及人们可以采取的克服措施，故C项“克服疲惫：一条通往成功的路”最能概括文章的主旨，适合做标题。故C项正确。‎ ‎【三】‎ Why do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world? It is an increasingly urgent question, given the recent mining accidents in Sago, W. Va and Huntington, Utah. A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the nottoodistant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work. ‎ Robotic technology, in particular, holds much promise, McAteer says, especially when it comes to mapping mines and rescuing trapped miners—the special operations of the mining industry. ‎ One of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog. It used lasers(激光器) to “see” in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business. ‎ The latest design is called Cave Crawler. It's a bit smaller than Groundhog，and even more advanced. It can take photos and videos and has more sensors that can detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly，the robot has a real sense of logic. If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused. It has to think about what to do and where to go next. Sometimes it throws_a_fit just like a real person. ‎ The greatest problem, though, is cost. The money of the earliest research project was provided by the government, but that money had dried up, and it's not clear where future money will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advances in safety, mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past. Since 1990, fatalities(致命性) have declined by 67% and injuries by 51%, according to the National Mining ‎ Association. ‎ Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry. The robots do the most boring and dangerous jobs，but won't get rid of the need for human workers. ‎ ‎1．The latest robot is more advanced than Groundhog, mainly because ________.‎ A．it can map abandoned mines B．it has a real sense of logic C．it can see in the dark tunnels D．it's smaller than Groundhog ‎ ‎2．The underlined phrase “throws a fit” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”．‎ A．gets sick B．gets angry C．becomes hungry D．becomes cheerful ‎ ‎3．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.‎ A．the mine robots will have a very bright future ‎ B．robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry ‎ C．there will be no need for human workers in mines D．robots in mines only do some simple jobs now ‎ ‎4．We can infer from the text that ________.‎ A．robots cannot do dangerous work in dark areas ‎ B．the mining robots do most of the mining work at present C．groundhog can discover the presence of dangerous gases D．experts are trying to make robots help miners with dangerous work ‎ 答案与解析 文章介绍了一种新研发的机器人，和以前的Groundhog相比，它有真正的逻辑能力，最重要的是，它可以帮助矿工们做一些危险的事情。‎ ‎1．B　从文章第四段的句子：Incredibly，the robot has a real sense of logic.可知最新的机器人比Groundhog更先进，因为它有真正的逻辑能力，故选项B正确。‎ ‎2．B　从第四段的句子：If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused.Sometimes it throws a fit just like a real person.有时它会像真人一样生气，可知“throws a fit”意思是“生气的”，故答案选B。‎ ‎3．A　从最后一段的句子：Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry.可知矿场机器人有更光明的未来，故答案A正确。‎ ‎4．D　从文章第一段的句子：A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the nottoodistant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining ‎ work.可知这篇文章讲的是研究人员正研究在矿场工作代替工人做危险的工作的机器人，故答案D正确。‎ ‎【四】‎ Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.‎ The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span (寿命) can be prolonged. ‎ Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial (皇家的) family being a good example, have hereditary diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.‎ Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people ‎ predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.‎ ‎1．What does “them” in the second paragraph refer to?‎ A．People with cancer or heart disease.‎ B．Millions of people with serious diseases.‎ C．Some diseases doctors can do nothing with.‎ D．The two illnesses of cancer and heart disease.‎ ‎2．What can gene technology do according to paragraph three?‎ A．It can help the English imperial family out.‎ B．It can be used to clone human babies.‎ C．It can help people to give birth of a baby.‎ D．It is likely to treat hereditary diseases.‎ ‎3．What are people worried about according to the passage?‎ A．Human babies may be cloned in a large scale.‎ B．Healthy human babies will soon be cloned.‎ C．Scientists may well find the wrong genes.‎ D．The government may not control gene techs.‎ ‎4．This passage is mainly written to ________.‎ A．show gene technology will benefit people B．show gene technology will do harm as well ‎ C．tell that gene technology is a hot topic ‎ D．tell that gene technology is growing fast 答案与解析 ‎ 基因技术可以帮助生产出更健康更聪明的孩子，可以有助于治愈家庭的遗传病，这表明基因技术将会有益于人类。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据文中第二段中The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them.现在医生还没有找到方法治愈癌症和心脏疾病。所以选D。‎ ‎2．D　推理判断题。根据文中第三段中In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.可知，基因技术可以治愈遗传疾病。所以选D。‎ ‎3．A　细节理解题。根据文章中最后一段中therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned.可知，人们担心人类的宝宝将会被克隆。所以选A。‎ ‎4．A　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了基因技术将会对人类有益。所以选A。‎ ‎【五】‎ Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for. We do know, however, that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.‎ The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. It is over 5,100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn't become popular for a while, though. This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.‎ But it could also be because of a difficult situation. While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces weren't going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually, road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.‎ In the mid1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same lime, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel) came into being, followed by the wheels that were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmac roads (柏油路). As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.‎ ‎1．What might explain why transport wheels didn't become popular for some time?‎ A．Few knew how to use transport wheels.‎ B．Humans carried farming tools just as well.‎ C．Animals were a good means of transport.‎ D．The existence of transport wheels was not known.‎ ‎2．What do we know about road design from the passage?‎ A．It was easier than wheel design.‎ B．It improved after big changes in vehicle design.‎ C．It was promoted by fastmoving vehicles.‎ D．It provided conditions for wheel design to develop.‎ ‎3．How is the last paragraph mainly developed?‎ A．By giving examples. ‎ B．By making comparisons.‎ C．By following time order. ‎ D．By making classifications.‎ ‎4．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．The beginning of road design. ‎ B．The development of transport wheels.‎ C．The history of public transport.‎ D．The invention of fastmoving vehicles.‎ 答案与解析 轮子是什么时候发明的呢？最早的用途又是什么呢？这些问题无人能回答。但是我们知道，轮子存在的时间已经超过5 500年。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。由第二段第四句“This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.”可知，动物在运载农具和人这一方面起了很重要的作用，这是轮子一时没有流行的原因。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.”可知，在现代的道路设计之前，轮子和车辆的设计是没有重大变化的。故D项“道路设计为轮子设计的发展提供了条件”正确。‎ ‎3．C　文章结构题。根据第四段中的“mid1700s” “1820s” “1967”可知，整个段落是按时间顺序展开说明的。‎ ‎4．B　主旨大意题。由文章全文内容尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介绍了轮子的发展，所以B项正确。‎ ‎【六】‎ From Nigerian science fiction to a timetravelling serial killer, Brittle Paper selects the best works of fiction from the continent to inspire our inner desire to travel.‎ My Life in the Bush of Ghosts—Amos Tutuola Who wouldn't want to get enveloped in a fog of magical delight? The novel describes the adventures of a little boy lost in a forest. His search for the way back home seem to take him deeper and deeper into secret colonies of creatures living in reality.‎ Nigerians in Space—Deji Olukotun Wale is a Nigerian lunar geologist. He is under the spell of a lifelong dream to traveling out to the moon when the mysterious Mr Bello offers him the chance to man a Nigerian spaceexploration mission. But like most dreams, what starts out as the magical fulfillment of desire quickly slips into the kingdom of nightmare(噩梦). In novels like this, travelling through space easily becomes a journey into the self.‎ Our Sister Killjoy—Ama Ata Aidoo Ama Ata Aidoo's novel is a tourist adventure set in Germany and London. It charts the journey of Sissie, a bright and selfassured African student who wins a European travel scholarship. Like any good explorer, she is very aware of her surroundings—an awareness that she conveys in a mixture of poetic and prose expressions. ‎ The Moor's Account—Laila Lalami In the 16th century, a group of five ships set sail from Spain for the New World. Estabanico, a survivor of the expedition, is our latest guide through the unknown lands and peoples. He lives to tell the story of their following travels heading out to Florida and how their dream of becoming wealthy conquerors (征服者)becomes a journey in search of selfdiscovery and redemption(救赎)．‎ ‎1．The passage is to attract readers to ________.‎ A．read more books B．write different novels C．explore the nature D．travel around the world ‎2．Which of the following authors writes a story about traveling by sea?‎ A．Laila Lalami.　　　　 B．Amos Tutuola.‎ C．Deji Olukotun. D．Ama Ata Aidoo.‎ ‎3．The underlined word “man” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ________.‎ A．prepare B．continue C．undertake D．advocate ‎4．We can infer from the novels that ________.‎ A．Amos Tutuola tells a story of ghosts B．Sissie wins a world travel scholarship C．Deji Olukotum made his dream of traveling to the moon come true.‎ D．The Moor's Account indeed talks about a journey of heart 答案与解析 本文是一篇说明文。主要是介绍了几部小说。‎ ‎1．C　根据第一段“the best works of fiction from the continent to inspire our inner desire to travel.”一句可知这几部小说都可以激发读者旅行，探索自然。故选C。‎ ‎2．A　根据第五段“In the 16th century, a group of five ships set sail from Spain for the New World.”一句可知选A。‎ ‎3．C　本句意为：神秘的Mr Bello提供给他这个开展太空探索的机会。undertake开展，实施。故选C。‎ ‎4．D　根据“how their dream of becoming wealthy conquerors (征服者)becomes a journey in search of selfdiscovery and redemption(救赎)．”可知The Moor's Account也是一次心灵之旅。故选D。‎ ‎【七】‎ People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions—and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.‎ Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. ‎ ‎“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” ‎ According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in crosscultural situations. ‎ The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of ‎ facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. ‎ It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”‎ In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation. ‎ ‎1．The discovery shows that Westerners ________.‎ A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B．consider facial expressions universally reliable C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions ‎ ‎2．What were the people asked to do in the study?‎ A．To make a face at each other. ‎ B．To get their faces impressive. ‎ C．To classify some face pictures. ‎ D．To observe the researchers' faces. ‎ ‎3．What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul.‎ B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions.‎ C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills.‎ D．How to Increase Crosscultural Understanding.‎ ‎4．In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________.‎ A．do translation more successfully B．study the mouth more frequently C．examine the eyes more attentively D．read facial expressions more correctly 答案与解析 由于东西方文化的差异，人们在观察面部表情时也是有差别的。‎ ‎1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段“Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.”可知，西方人是均匀地观察一张脸，而东方人主要是注意眼睛，故选A。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories...”可知，他们观察面部表情的图片并分类，故选C。‎ ‎3．B　主旨大意题。本文讲述了东西方人在观察面部表情时的区别，这是东西方文化不同的结果，故选B。‎ ‎4．C　细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段开头第一句可知答案应为C。‎ ‎【八】‎ Parents will do anything for their children. Whether it would be the food, clothes, or the place they live in, parents will always make sure their children have the best of everything. One of the biggest concerns that parents currently have is educating their children. They are faced with lots of difficulties when it comes to education for their young ones. Choices include private school, charter school, public school or homeschooling.‎ Fortunately for parents, there are a variety of different strategies that they can take in order to increase their child's overall intelligence. According to Ross A．Thompson, PhD, professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis, a child's brain will actually reach 90% of its full size by the time they start kindergarten.‎ Researchers at Northwestern University in Chicago concluded that playing a musical instrument directly affected the brain stem, the lower section of the brain. Moreover, children that learn an instrument at an early age tend to continue it when they are older. And numerous studies show that a wellbalanced meal is essential for a child's mental as well as ‎ physical health. Some other researchers recommended that a second language should be taught when children are in preschool. They state that three to four years of age is the perfect time and that any age under four would work perfectly fine for a child's brain development.‎ The average child will learn how to read between kindergarten and second grade. Many parents can give their children a jump start by teaching them to read before they start school. Children could have an adequate background of the alphabet and sounds of words before attending school. This can be done by simply reading to them whenever you want. The more comfortable they get, the easier the process will be.‎ ‎1．From the first paragraph, we can infer that ________.‎ A．parents have more choices in offering education to their kids B．parents find it hard to satisfy their kids' various demands C．parents get actively involved in the process of their kids' growth D．parents meet a new challenge when raising their kids ‎2．What suggestion may the researchers in the passage make?‎ A．To try as many means as possible.‎ B．To train kids as early as possible.‎ C．To help kids develop as fully as possible.‎ D．To use as many available resources as possible.‎ ‎3．What does the third paragraph mainly discuss about?‎ A．The effective ways to help develop children's brains.‎ B．The proper time to teach children to learn languages.‎ C．The vital factors to have a great effect on children's health.‎ D．The practical steps to arouse children's interest in study.‎ ‎4．We can replace the words “jump start” in the last paragraph with ________.‎ A. inspiration　　　　　　 B．promotion C．suggestion D．introduction ‎ 答案与解析 文章介绍父母愿意为孩子做一切。父母最关心的是教育问题。文章建议父母要从孩子小的时候就开始教育。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“They are faced with lots of difficulties when it comes to education for their young ones.”可知，父母在教育孩子的时候遇到新的问题。故选D。‎ ‎2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“a child's brain will actually reach 90% of its full size by the time they start kindergarten.”可知，研究人员建议父母尽可能早地训练孩子。故选B。‎ ‎3．A　段落大意题。根据第三段的句子“playing a musical instrument；a wellbalanced meal；a second language”可知，这段主要介绍帮助发展孩子大脑的有效的方法。故选A。‎ ‎4．B　词义猜测题。根据第四段的句子“Many parents can give their children a jump start by teaching them to read before they start ‎ school.”可知，很多父母在孩子上学之前教孩子阅读可以让他们得到提高。“jump start”意为promotion。故选B。‎ ‎【九】‎ For the Travel section, writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities.‎ Brussels: Chocolate Nearly half the chocolate consumed in the world is eaten in Europe, and Belgium——with average consumption of 14.99 pounds per person a year——certainly covers its fair share. While Brussels, the country's capital, is home to hundreds of chocolate makers, what makes a visit necessary is the rich heritage of traditional chocolate makers.‎ Budapest: Paprika(红辣椒)‎ The job of preparing Hungarian paprika was once considered too dangerous for mothers to do. A woman who touched her children upon returning from work risked burning them, so only the elderly and unmarried were allowed the delicate task of separating the skin from the flesh. But by the early 20th century, sweeter varieties and a machine turned paprika into a common feature of all Hungarian cuisine.‎ Lisbon: Tiles(瓷砖)‎ Is there a bluer country than Portugal? The blue sky and Atlantic Ocean embrace the land. The blue moods of Fado, the dark folk music, form the national soundtrack. And all across Portugal, the typically——blue designs of azulejos——ceramic tiles——are spread across churches, castles, palaces, university halls, parks. The result is a beautiful land of Christian saints, Portuguese kings, historical glories, aristocrats(贵族) at leisure, seascapes and so on.‎ Madrid: Guitars Walking into one of the Madrid's storied guitar makers' workshops can feel like stepping into the past. Curly wood shavings, from the palest pine to ebony, fall onto the floor as artisans(工匠)turn some humble wood into works of art. It's painstaking work——all done by hand——with classical guitar models and the methods of making them changing little over the last century.‎ ‎1．What does the job of preparing Hungarian paprika suggest?‎ A．The popularity of Hungarian peppers.‎ B．The difficult of processing peppers.‎ C．The unique tradition in Budapest.‎ D．The hot level of Hungarian peppers.‎ ‎2．Which city can be a splendid setting for a film?‎ A．Brussels. 　　　　　　　 B．Budapest.‎ C．Lisbon. D．Madrid.‎ ‎3．What's the similarity of the four items?‎ A．They're all treasures of a city.‎ B．They all date back several centuries.‎ C．Their production processes are all painstaking.‎ D．They all win popularity in most European countries.‎ 答案与解析 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了欧洲四个城市独具特色的传统珍宝。‎ ‎1．D　推理判断题。由Budapest: Paprika(红辣椒)部分中的内容可知，处理布达佩斯的红辣椒曾被认为对妈妈来说很危险，如果刚工作完回家的女人摸了自己的孩子，那就可能灼伤孩子，因而只有年长者和未婚者才被允许做分离红辣椒表皮与果肉的细活。由此可推知，此处强调了布达佩斯红辣椒辣的程度。故选D。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。通读文章可知，只有Lisbon: Tiles(瓷砖)部分详细描述了因为瓷砖而变得美轮美奂的城市。‎ ‎3．A　细节理解题。根据第一段For the Travel section, writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities. 在欧洲旅游板块，作者与编辑精选了十二个城市的独特珍宝。纵观全文，Brussels: Chocolate; Budapest: Paprika(红辣椒); Lisbon: Tiles(瓷砖); Madrid: Guitars可知，他们都是一个城市的宝贝。故选A。‎ ‎【十】‎ During the 1800s, African Americans worked long days in the fields of the American South. They sang songs that they had brought from Africa while working. One person sang a line. Then a group of workers repeated it. The song's words told of the hardship that people suffered. They clapped their hands and stomped(跺) their feet to the music.‎ ‎ In the 1860s, the music changed greatly. African American music took new forms. It was also influenced by dance music, which had great rhythm. Banjos(班卓琴) became popular. A blues singer usually sang a line and then played the banjo in reply. By the early 1900s, the guitar had taken the place of the banjo in the blues music.‎ The blues music has many obvious characteristics. One of them is that the musical notes are often “bent”. That is, they are changed slightly to give a song more strength.‎ ‎ Lyrics are the words of a song. Blues lyrics describe everyday life. The lyrics are often about the relationships between men and women. They tell about sadness and overwork. They tell about finding and losing love, having money or being poor, being happy or sad and lonely. They almost always use the rhythms of everyday speech. A group of blues lyrics usually has three lines. The second line repeats the first line. The third line has different words.‎ By the 1940s, large numbers of African Americans moved to Chicago. There, a new kind of “Chicago” blues began. The new music was excellent dance music. Chicago blues led to the birth of a new music style －rock and roll.‎ ‎1．This passage is mainly about ________.‎ A．the blues lyrics B．the life of African Americans C．the blues music D．the rhythms of different music ‎2．What information does the passage NOT provide?‎ A．How long the banjo was popular in the blues history.‎ B．When African Americans moved to the American South.‎ C．What the blues lyrics are mostly about.‎ D．How the blues music developed as time went by.‎ ‎3．Which of the following is the most likely taken from a blues song?‎ A．You have to help me. I'll die if you don't. You have to help me.‎ B．I'll die if you don't help me. You have to help me. You have to help me.‎ C．You have to help me. You have to help me. I'll die if you don't. ‎ D．I'll die if you don't help me. You have to help me. Please help me.‎ ‎4．What fact does the passage lead you to believe?‎ A．It is not difficult to tell the blues music from others from its musical notes. ‎ B．The blues singers in the 1860s usually played the guitar while singing songs.‎ C．African Americans sang songs after a long day's work to relax in the 1800s.‎ D．Rock and roll was the most popular blues music in Chicago in the 1950s.‎ 答案与解析 本文主要介绍了The blues music(布鲁斯音乐/蓝调音乐)的历史。‎ ‎1．C　通读全文可知本文主要介绍了The blues music(布鲁斯音乐/蓝调音乐)的历史。故选项C正确。‎ ‎2．B　根据文章内容可知本文没有提到非洲人何时移民到美国。故答案选B。‎ ‎3．C　根据第四段中A group of blues lyrics usually has three lines.The second line repeats the first line.The third line has different words.可知答案C正确。‎ ‎4．A　通过介绍The blues music(布鲁斯音乐/蓝调音乐)的发展可知蓝调音乐有很鲜明的特色。故答案A正确。‎