【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题突破练5解析版

【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题突破练5解析版

‎2019届高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解专题突破练5解析版 第一节 A 体裁:记叙文　　词数:315　　用时:6分钟 I remember the first time I got on a horse.When I was a little boy aged two,my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and that was it!From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.‎ When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speaking in certain social situations.I went days,weeks,months without a sound at school.At most,I might quietly whisper to a friend.I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist had an idea.He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world.He explained I was going to be given an opportunity to work for that.And I was permitted to whisper the answer in my mother’s ear,“A horse.”‎ I was to get a pony,but I had to live up to my end of the bargain.I had a chart of weekly tasks I had to accomplish.I had to answer the phone five times per week,something I had never done before.I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list went on.For a child with mutism,saying one word to someone can be like climbing the high mountains.I did everything that was asked of me and the day came.His name was Sequoia,whom I fell in love with immediately.When I was in Sequoia’s presence,I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.‎ I am a fully participating member of society these days.My horse and I made it through a master’s degree.I may have made it otherwise,but I’m not sure.I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day.He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine,my life.‎ ‎【解题导语】作者从小爱马,四岁时患有缄默症,在心理医生的帮助下,接受了艰苦的训练;当和马在一起时,他感到非常放松。如今,他已经能够融入社会。‎ ‎1.What was the situation like when the author was four?‎ A.He didn’t say a word at all.‎ B.He learned how to ride a horse.‎ C.He found his classmates unfriendly.‎ D.He had difficulty in communicating.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“When I was four,I had mutism,in which children stop speaking in certain social situations”可知,“我”在四岁时患上了缄默症,在沟通上有困难,故D项正确。‎ ‎2.What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?‎ A.He completed some tasks easily. ‎ B.He pushed himself extremely hard.‎ C.He fell in love with Sequoia gradually. ‎ D.He found the psychologist’s idea ineffective.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第三段的第五句可知,对于一个患有缄默症的孩子来说,跟别人说一句话像爬高山一样难;据此可以判断,“我”在努力接受训练,故B项正确。‎ ‎3.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?‎ A.To share his unfortunate childhood. ‎ B.To give tips on how to cure mutism.‎ C.To show his deep gratefulness to his horse. ‎ D.To inspire kids struggling against mutism.‎ 答案C 解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文的主题句是本文最后两句“I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him every day. He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine, my life.”据此可知,本文旨在表达对马的深深的感激,故C项正确。‎ B 体裁:说明文　　词数:350　　用时:8分钟 ‎(2017广东七校联合体第二次联考)‎ Love to sink into your chairs and relax when you get to school?Then you will not be happy to hear that schools all over the world are seriously considering exchanging traditional desks for ones with no seats at all — yes,that means you will be encouraged to stand through those already too long math and science lessons!Why would anyone even think of putting kids to such cruelty?Experts say it improves their health and helps fight obesity.While that may seem a little far-fetched (牵强的) ,the officials at the few schools around the world seem to agree.‎ Among them are educators from the College Station Independent School District in Texas,who recently completed a week-long experiment involving 480 students across three elementary schools.The 374 kids that agreed to participate in the study were provided with a device that helped record the step count and calorie consumption over the entire period.‎ All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.The one thing that did surprise the researchers was that younger kids were more willing to stay standing than kids in higher grades.They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to “sit still”,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom.‎ American schools are not the only ones reporting success with stand-up desks.Four Catholic schools in Perth,Australia, which have been testing them since October 2013,have seen similar results.In May 2014,Grove House Primary School in Bradford,West Yorkshire,became Europe’s first test one,with a seven-week trial that involved the use of desks made by Ergotron in their fifth-grade classrooms.While official results are not out yet,early reactions from both teachers and students have been extremely encouraging.‎ The findings of these studies and others done previously all seem to mean that allowing kids to move around in classrooms is a win-win for students and teachers—it helps kids get healthier and provides educators with a more engaged audience.‎ ‎【解题导语】研究表明,让学生站着上课对老师和学生来说是双赢的。‎ ‎4.The students may be unhappy because　　　. ‎ A.they have to exchange desks with each other B.the officials show no sympathy to them at all C.there are no seats for them to sit in class D.they have to exchange traditional desks for ones with no seats 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知,学生可能感到不高兴的原因是教室没有座位坐,他们要站着上课。故选C项。‎ ‎5.Older students may not like stand-up desks because　　　. ‎ A.they are cleverer than younger students ‎ B.they are easily tired of standing long C.they have formed the habit of sitting ‎ D.they do badly in class while standing 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“They believe this may have something to do with the fact that after years of being asked to ‘sit still’,older kids have a harder time adjusting to this unexpected freedom.”可知,年龄大的孩子们由于多年坐着的习惯,所以可能不喜欢站着上课。故选C项。‎ ‎6.What is most likely to be the result of the seven-week trial?‎ A.The standing desks can’t be used at all. ‎ B.It is good for students to use stand-up desks.‎ C.More tests should be done in other schools. ‎ D.The students are different in personality.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第四段的“early reactions from both teachers and students have been extremely encouraging”和第五段的内容可知,这些研究和之前的研究发现,让学生在教室走动对老师和学生来说是双赢的。据此可以判断,站着上课对学生有好处,故B项正确。‎ ‎7.Why do the teachers like the standing desks?‎ A.Because the educators can draw the students’ attention.‎ B.Because the teachers can keep the students healthy.‎ C.Because the students can have a walk in the classroom.‎ D.Because the standing desks can keep the students concentrated.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“All 25 teachers involved in the study reported that students appeared to be more alert and concentrate better,when allowed to stand.”可知,老师们喜欢这种桌子是因为那样的话学生们上课更专心,注意力更集中,故选D项。‎ C 体裁:说明文　　词数:253　　用时:7分钟 It’s cold and dark outside,and your bed is so warm and comfortable.Going for a run seems like such a bad idea.But before you hide your running shoes,it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.‎ According to a survey,an outdoor run in winter,as opposed to one on a treadmill(跑步机),burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its core temperature.Furthermore,research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body,making that vital muscle even stronger.‎ Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster,but cold weather is refreshing.It adjusts you to your surroundings,making you feel alive.‎ Of course,the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise.Heart attacks,strokes,lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog.The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days,take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust(废气),and go early in the morning,before rush hour.But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量,让肌肉更强健,心脏更健康,但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。‎ ‎8.How does cold weather benefit runners,compared with warm weather?‎ A.They can run more slowly. ‎ B.They can take in more calories.‎ C.Their hearts can function harder. ‎ D.Their body temperature can get lower.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。由题干关键词“benefit”和“compared with warm weather”可将答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body,making that vital muscle even stronger.”由此可知,与温暖的天气相比,在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康,故C项正确。‎ ‎9.How does summer affect runners?‎ A.It builds up their energy quickly. ‎ B.It makes runners tired easily.‎ C.It lessens runners’ stress. ‎ D.It causes heart attacks.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知,夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳,故B项正确。‎ ‎10.What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?‎ A.Stop driving cars. B.Do more exercise.‎ C.Avoid outdoor exercise. D.Run late in the morning.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知,如果有雾霾,最好待在室内,等到天气晴朗时再去跑步,故C项正确。 ‎ ‎11.What can be the best title of the text?‎ A.Refresh with a Winter Run ‎ B.Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer C.Go to Run in a Park ‎ D.Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress 答案A 解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量,让肌肉更强健,心脏更健康,但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断,A项最能概括文意,故A项正确。‎ D 体裁:议论文　　词数:315　　用时:7分钟 ‎(2017重庆西北狼教育联盟第一期联考)‎ Many people delight in gossiping,and the more they know about someone else,the more powerful they feel—at someone else’s expense.While at the end of the day no good will come of it and someone is bound to get hurt,try telling that to someone who’s excited to relay the latest piece of juicy news.‎ Most people have some awareness when saying something we know we shouldn’t.As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.We have a sense of conflict between finishing the sentence that may draw attention but won’t make anyone look good and awkwardly stopping mid-story.There are those who after spreading gossip end with a well-meaning,“I shouldn’t have said anything and I can’t really tell you how I heard it.” Not any better.Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decision.By this time,it is too late.‎ That said,some people just don’t notice or pay attention to the voice in their head saying “Don’t”,and others actively ignore it.In the end,the results are the same.With our lack of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.Given this,why do people gossip?For some,it feels good to be in control of knowledge that others may not know.‎ Talking about others can become a habit and unless you work hard to break it,you may discover that others distance themselves from you.After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share information,people may choose not to have you as their friend.We have two ears and just one mouth.When in doubt,it is always better to listen than to speak.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文主要论述了有些人热衷于说闲话的原因,并说明这种习惯的坏处以及如何改正这一不良习惯。‎ ‎12.What’s the closest meaning of the underlined word “relay”?‎ A.show B.cover C.spread D.get 答案C 解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“someone who’s excited to”和“the latest piece of juicy news”可知,尽管这到头来没有什么好处,并且有人很可能会受到伤害,但是人们还是试图告诉某个热衷于传播最新有趣消息的人。据此可以判断,画线词意为“传播”,故C项正确。‎ ‎13.Which statement is NOT the reason for people being conscious of saying something they know they shouldn’t?‎ A.They feel not good when they leak out it. ‎ B.They aren’t interested in it.‎ C.They have a sense of conflict during saying it. ‎ D.They probably regret saying it.‎ 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“As it is slipping out of our mouths,we start to feel uncomfortable.”可知,一旦说出口,我们便感到不舒服;根据第二段第三句中的“We have a sense of conflict”可知,我们对是否要说出口会感到很矛盾:根据第二段的倒数第二句“Once out,they may feel good for a moment,but they’re just as likely to regret their decision.”可知,他们会对说出去的话感到后悔。B项没有提及,故选B项。‎ ‎14.Why do people say something that should never be said and can hurt others?‎ A.Because they want to hurt others. ‎ B.Because they hate this kind of people.‎ C.Because they don’t know each other well. ‎ D.Because they are lack of sensitivity.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“With our lack of sensitivity,we say things that should never be said and often don’t stop long enough to realize that we have not only hurt others,but we have unintentionally hurt ourselves.”可知,由于我们缺乏敏感性,所以我们才会说出不应该说的话,故D项正确。‎ ‎15.From the last paragraph,we can know that　　　. ‎ A.we should speak less and listen more ‎ B.we can’t keep secrets C.we haven’t many friends ‎ D.we should talk about others as much as possible 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据最后一句“When in doubt,it is always better to listen than to speak.”可知,我们应当多听少说,故A项正确。根据最后一段的第二句“After all,if you can’t be trusted to keep secrets and not share information,people may choose not to have you as their friend.”可知,我们应当保守秘密,不要随意传播信息,否则会丧失朋友,故B、C、D三项错误。‎ 第二节 体裁文:说明文　　词数:237　　用时:7分钟 Whether you are at Disneyland or another Disney park,you will usually find a nighttime show that will be showing. 　16　Read this article to find out how you can get a good seat for an evening event at any Disney park. ‎ ‎●Plan on seeing the show in advance.‎ Usually,if you decide an hour beforehand that you’re going to see a show,you will likely end up not getting a good seat,unless the park is not very busy.　17　 ‎ ‎●Do your research.‎ Research online:“The best places to view...”　18　Some of them may even be less known,so you may not deal with such a big crowd. ‎ ‎●Arrive to the event early.‎ ‎　19　Possibly even earlier if the park is more crowded on that day.If you arrive ten minutes before the event starts,you’re a lot less likely to get a good spot. ‎ ‎●　20　 ‎ If you must leave to do something,make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away.‎ A.Stay in the same area.‎ B.Enjoy the show with a friend.‎ C.It’s usually much more enjoyable if you can get a good seat.‎ D.This is especially important if you arrive closer to the event time.‎ E.In order to get a good spot,plan on arriving an hour before the event.‎ F.Therefore,look at the schedule before your trip,or at least the day before.‎ G.You’ll see a list of places in the park that are the best for viewing that event.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文主要介绍了如何在迪士尼公园举办的晚会上找到好座位的方法。‎ ‎16.C　空处用来引出本文的话题,在这里起到承上启下的作用;由空后一句中的“how you can get a good seat”可以判断,C项与此处对应。‎ ‎17.F　根据该段标题“Plan on seeing the show in advance.”并结合空前一句的内容可知,该段主要介绍选好位置的方法之一:提前做好观看演出的计划,故F项与此处匹配。‎ ‎18.G　根据空前一句中的“The best places to view...”可知,选G项“你将会看到公园里观看演出的最佳位置的列表”。‎ ‎19.E　根据该段标题“Arrive to the event early.”和空后一句的内容可知,空处主要介绍提前到达演出现场这一方法,故E项符合文意。‎ ‎20.A　根据空处所在位置可知,空处为该段标题,是该段的主旨;根据该段中的“make sure that it’s extremely quick,and try to have another member of your party stay in your spot while you are away”可知,该段主要介绍“要待在座位上,如需出去,可由伙伴占座”的方法,故A项最适合做该段标题。‎