【英语】河南省周口市郸城一高2020届高三2月月考试题（解析版）

【英语】河南省周口市郸城一高2020届高三2月月考试题（解析版）

河南省周口市郸城一高2020届高三2月月考 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．‎ A It may seem hard to leave Sydney’s attractions and sights, but when the urge arises to explore beyond the city, many exceptional day trips await travelers.‎ Scenic World On a visit to the World heritage-listed Blue Mountains, enjoy clean fresh air and breath-taking landscapes of ancient rainforests. Scenic World in Katoomba is the best way to access the beauty of this region. Besides climbing, you can choose cablecars, elevated boardwalks or the Scenic Railway—the world’s steepest train travelling through a rock tunnel, to reach the mountain top.‎ Royal National Park Established in 1879 the Royal is the world’s second-oldest national park. Located an hour’s drive south of Sydney, the beaches are unspoilt, crowd-free and great for surfing or swimming. There’s dramatic scenery along the way with a range of unique heritage attractions. Bushwalking, boating, canoeing and fishing are also popular activities.‎ Featherdale Wildlife Park Located 45 minutes west of Sydney, Featherdale has the world’s largest collection of Australian native birds, mammals (哺乳动物) and reptiles (爬行动物). Situated in a bushland environment, Featherdale provides a unique opportunity for up-close animal interactions (交往). Hand-feed a kangaroo, have breakfast with a koala and check out a huge variety of species including dingos, emus, penguins and more.‎ The Hawkesbury River An hour north-west of Sydney, the Hawkesbury is one of New South Wales’ best-kept secrets. Experience what this picturesque region of waterways, farmland and national parks has to ‎ offer—from waterskiing and bushwalking to horse riding, river cruises and retail therapy.‎ ‎1. What can you do when visiting Scenic World?‎ A. Ride horses.‎ B. Hand-feed a kangaroo.‎ C. Go surfing.‎ D. Climb mountains.‎ ‎2. If you are an animal lover, you can go to ________.‎ A. Scenic World B. Royal National Park C. The Hawkesbury River D. Featherdale Wildlife Park ‎3. What do Royal National Park and The Hawkesbury River have in common?‎ A. Both can be reached by cablecars.‎ B. Visitors can go swimming and fishing.‎ C. Bushwalking is available on the two trips.‎ D. Visitors can enjoy beautiful mountain scenery.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚远离城市的四处旅游胜地。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句On a visit to the World heritage-listed Blue Mountains可知，在这里可以登山，再根据第三句Besides climbing, you can choose cablecars, elevated boardwalks or the Scenic Railway—the world’s steepest train travelling through a rock tunnel, to reach the mountain top.也可知是可以登山。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Located 45 minutes west of Sydney, Featherdale has the world’s largest collection of Australian native birds, mammals (哺乳动物) and reptiles (爬行动物).可知，在Featherdale Wildlife Park可以看到很多澳大利亚本土的鸟，哺乳动物和爬行动物等，所以如果是动物爱好者应该来这里，故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Bushwalking, boating, canoeing and fishing are also popular activities.以及最后一段Experience what this picturesque region of waterways, farmland and national parks has to offer—from waterskiing and bushwalking to horse riding, river cruises and retail therapy.可知，这两处的共同之处是都可以bushwalking，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇文章脉络清晰，层次分明，学生很容易根据题干中的关键词定位到文章中的相应段落，所以难度很小。但是第三小题需要仔细阅读。根据题干中的关键词Royal National Park and The Hawkesbury River have in common可以快读定位到文章的第二和第四个景点介绍：Bushwalking, boating, canoeing and fishing are also popular activities.和from waterskiing and bushwalking to horse riding, river cruises and retail therapy.也很容易发现相同的活动有bushwalking。‎ B It’s 3 o’clock and you’ve been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn’t. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mum used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.‎ Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger”. When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (激素) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.‎ A craving is more complex. It activates brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. Because of this, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”. People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.‎ In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food cravings. So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting (禁食) is a bit different. They found that ‎ eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.‎ So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.‎ ‎4. What is the function of the first paragraph?‎ A. To deepen the understanding of hunger.‎ B. To lead to the topic of the whole passage C. To report the discovery of craving study.‎ D. To remind readers of their own special food.‎ ‎5. What do we learn about food cravings?‎ A. It means the stomach functions well. ‎ B. It ensures a person survives hunger.‎ C. It shows food is linked to feelings. ‎ D. It proves the brain decides your appetite.‎ ‎6. What’s the likely result of dieting?‎ A. The increase of food desire. B. The decrease of chemicals.‎ C. The refusal of fat and sugar. D. The disappearance of appetite.‎ ‎7. What does the passage mainly discuss?‎ A. The findings of food cravings. B. What hunger is all about.‎ C. The functions of brain areas. D. What dieting may bring us.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文主要谈论饮食冲动的研究结果。食物与感觉是有关系的，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ B 目的意图题。根据第一段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，食物与感觉是有关系的。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.可知，节食的结果会导致食欲的增加。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.可知，本文主要谈论饮食冲动的研究结果。‎ C What would it be like to be able to remember anything you ever learned? Would it be a blessing or a curse?‎ Since the early 20th century, psychologists have identified countless cases of people with super memories that allow them to learn and retain (保持) new information with total accuracy. The most famous was Solomon Sherashevski, the subject of Alexander Luria’s classic book, The Mind of a Mnemonist (记忆大师).‎ Sherashevski could recall an amazing number of facts due to his talent for eidetic imagery(照相式记忆), which allowed him to recall sights, sounds, smells etc. Sadly enough, he seemed to have significant difficulty living a normal life due to his inability to forget anything he learned and the continual daydreaming caused by his constant recall.‎ There are certainly other mnemonists, whose memory feats (功绩) are also surprisingly impressive. Strangely enough though, research suggests these professional mnemonists are no better than average people’s peaking of remembering events out of their own lives.‎ But there are also people whose memories seem to work differently. They are able to recall almost every moment of their lives even the early childhood, a condition commonly called hyperthymesia (超忆症).‎ Unlike mnemonists, people with hyperthymesia don’t rely on any techniques to memorize, it seems to happen automatically. While no former studies have found the reasons, a recent laboratory test shows they aren’t any better than average people in terms of learning new information.‎ Recently Neuropsychology presents a study of a 63-year-old man identified as “MM”. He didn’t realize his memory skills until 29 when he found he could recall events from American history with amazing accuracy. Despite his superior memory, his life seemed completely unaffected. He did poorly in school, no friends at all. Besides, though his recall resembled that of people with hyperthymesia, his memories weren’t quite as vivid.‎ So far there isn’t enough information to make any real conclusions about the super memory. However, as new studies become available, we are sure to learn about what makes these brains so unusual.‎ ‎8. What made it difficult for Sherashevski to live a normal life?‎ A. His poor social skills.‎ B. His great interest in history.‎ C. His inability to forget things.‎ D. His early childhood experience.‎ ‎9. People with hyperthymesia differ from mnemonists in that ________.‎ A. they remember things without intention B. they count on techniques to memorize C. they are better at learning new information D. they can’t recall as vividly as mnemonists ‎10. What can be learned from the passage?‎ A. Former studies have found the roots for unusual memory.‎ B. It’s hard to tell whether super memory is good or not.‎ C. MM’s life has been greatly improved by his memory.‎ D. Super memory contributes to better academic performance.‎ ‎11. Where is the passage probably taken from?‎ A. A book review.‎ B. A public speech.‎ C. A popular science magazine.‎ D. A report on mental health.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是超忆症，超忆症与记忆超群的区别等。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Sadly enough, he seemed to have significant difficulty living a normal life due to his inability to forget anything he learned and the continual daydreaming caused by his constant recall.可知，使Sherashevski很难过正常生活的是他不能忘记自己所学的任何东西。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第五段Unlike mnemonists, people with hyperthymesia don’t rely on any techniques to memorize, it seems to happen automatically.可知，hyperthymesia的人不是是用某种技巧记忆的，他们是自动记忆的，是没有意图的，所以A正确，B错误。而根据第五段While no former studies have found the reasons, a recent laboratory test shows they aren’t any better than average people in terms of learning new information.可知，C错误。根据第六段Besides, though his recall resembled that of people with hyperthymesia, his memories weren’t quite as vivid.可知，D项错误。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第七段So far there isn’t enough information to make any real conclusions about the super memory.可知，目前对于这种超忆症还不能评判好坏，因此B正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段Since the early 20th century, psychologists have identified countless cases of people with super memories that allow them to learn and retain (保持) new information with total accuracy.陈述心理学家的发现以及最后一段However, as new studies become available, we are sure to learn about what makes these brains so unusual.可以判断出本文与科学研究有关，出自科学杂志。容易误选D项，本文并不是一篇有关大脑健康的报告，只是讲述超忆症、超忆症的表现和记忆超群的区别。‎ D Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism. I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery ‎ and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.‎ Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger.‎ But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”‎ There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’n-head Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.‎ The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育) not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.‎ ‎12. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s?‎ A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.‎ B. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.‎ C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.‎ D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.‎ ‎13. Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its ________.‎ A. target readers at the bottom B. anti slavery attitude C. rather impolite language D. frequent use of “nigger”‎ ‎14. What best proves Twain’s anti slavery stand according to the author?‎ A. Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.‎ B. The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.‎ C. Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.‎ D. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.‎ ‎15. The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ________.‎ A. slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters B. slaves babies could pick up slave holders way of speaking C. blacks social position was shaped by how they were brought up D. blacks were born with certain features of prejudice ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 本篇为议论文。文章对马克·吐温的小说没有对奴隶制和(种族)偏见进行抨击这种说法进行了驳斥，并通过马克·吐温最著名的小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记》说明他是反对奴隶制的。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段的Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.可知，马克·吐温的小说表面上完全是谈其他事情，而实际上故事中植入了对奴隶制和(种族)偏见的抨击。其他早期小说用的是直接抨击方式(dealt directly with slavery)。因此B项说他的小说对种族歧视的抨击非常不明显是恰当的，由此排除C、D两项；由第三段第一句中的“forced”可知A项不对。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据关键词Adventures of Huckleberry Finn可定位到第三段，由More recently the book has been attacked because ofmany occurrences of the word nigger.可知，答案为D项。A、C项都是以前人们对该书的评价；B项无依据。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段的末句the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities可知，答案为C项，养育的环境是决定人的社会地位的关键，为此，马克吐温将小说中的一个人物Jim设定为成长在白人文化中的一个人，A、D项叙述与原文不符；B项未提及。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第五段讲到Twain’s mystery novelas a challenge to the racial beliefs，而下一段的The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育), not nature, was the key to social status.是对a challenge to the racial beliefs的进一步解释。故只有C项符合要求。其他各项都是对第五段的字面意思的理解。‎ ‎【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。‎ 以本文为例，本题第二小题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn… 从而直接定位到第三段，再由More recently the book has been attacked because ofmany occurrences of the word nigger.可以推知occurrences of the word nigger 与frequent use of nigger 对应。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Stage Fright Imagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering and taking their seats.‎ Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. ____16____ The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.‎ If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the center of attention. ____17____ People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers from stage fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real.‎ ‎___18___The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake.‎ ‎___19___ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Third, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. _____20_____ Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.‎ A. These might make your heart race even faster.‎ B. You don’t have to be onstage to get stage fright.‎ C. Stage fright is part of the body’s reaction to stress.‎ D. You try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.‎ E. With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.‎ F. The good news about stage fright is that here are ways to deal with it.‎ G. However, there is a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。介绍了怯场是人的常见恐惧之一，不一定在舞台上，其他场合也可能会怯场，本文对此提供了一些解决怯场的小建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据前文：你上场了，聚光灯照在你身上，因此，你要开始表演了。再根据后文The inside of ‎ your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.（你的嘴里是干的，你的手是湿的。）可知，你很紧张，故前面肯定是说什么都说不出来，故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class.可知，不一定是在舞台上才会体会到怯场，在打比赛时，演讲时甚至是在班级讲话时，都会感受到这一恐惧，故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 本空是属于主题句。本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 本空属于主题句。根据后一句Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.可知，作者提出了有办法来让你镇静下来，解决你的怯场问题，故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前一句stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因).可知，咖啡因会让人更加兴奋，心跳更快，肯定不会镇静下来，故答案为A。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五解题技巧 通读文章，首要关注文章的首段与末段，尤其是文章的这两段的末尾句，因为“开门见山”与“末尾点题”的写作方式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。‎ 解题策略 ‎1）从意思上判断 在做题时最重要是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。‎ ‎2）从词汇上锁定线索 ‎ 保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。‎ ‎3）从关联词作为切入点 通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。‎ 如此题的第3， 4题都属于主题句，这两题的解题方法基本一样，即抓中心词，从词汇上锁定主题。如第3题本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，‎ 第4题根据后一句Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.可知，作者提出了可以帮你镇静下来的几种办法，故前面一句是先提出有方法可以解决你的怯场问题，选F。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he could to discourage me from becoming a brewer(酿酒师). He’d spent his life in local breweries, ___21___ making a living, as had his father and grandfather before him.‎ So I did as he asked. I went to business school and got a highly paid job at a business-consulting firm. ___22___, after working there five years, I was haunted by ___23___. Is this what I want to be doing when I’m 50?‎ I remembered that some time before, my dad had been cleaning out the attic and ___24___ some old beer ___25___. “Today’s beer is ___26___ water that can hold a head,” he’d told me.‎ I agreed. Americans pay good money for ___27___ beer, I thought. Why not make good beer for Americans using my family way?‎ I decided to quit my job to become a brewer. When I told Dad, I was hoping he’d put his arm around me and get ___28___ about continuing tradition. Instead he said, “Jim, that is the ___29___thing I’ve ever heard!”‎ ‎____30____ Dad objected, in the end he became my new company’s first ____31____, coughing up(支付) $40,000 when I opened the Boston Beer Company in 1984. Going from my fancy office to being a brewer was like mountain climbing: exciting, liberating and ____32____‎ ‎. All my safety nets were gone.‎ Once the beer was made, I faced my biggest ____33____ yet: no one had ever heard of it. I needed a name that was ____34____ and elegant, so I called my beer Samuel Adams, ____35____ the brewer and patriot(爱国者) who helped to found the Boston Tea Party.‎ The only way to get the word out, I realized, was to sell direct. I filled my briefcase with beer and ____36____ every bar in Boston. Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Boston Lager won the top prize for American beer. The rest is history. It wasn’t supposed to ____37____ this way —whatever does? —but in the end I was ____38____ to be a brewer.‎ My advice to all young entrepreneurs is simple: life is very long, so don’t ____39____ to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you ____40____.‎ ‎21. A. barely B. easily C. sufficiently D. adequately ‎22. A. Though B. Otherwise C. Still D. Anyhow ‎23. A. fear B. doubt C. regret D. desire ‎24. A. came across B. picked out C. put down D. brought about ‎25. A. receipts B. cans C. recipes D. labels ‎26. A. exactly B. particularly C. roughly D. basically ‎27. A. inferior B. superb C. fake D. sour ‎28. A. miserable B. amused C. excited D. concerned ‎29. A. dumbest B. smartest C. toughest D. rudest ‎30. A. As soon as B. As much as C. As far as D. As long as ‎31. A. employer B. customer C. investor D. salesman ‎32. A. inspiring B. relaxing C. pushing D. frightening ‎33. A. opportunity B. decision C. obstacle D. defeat ‎34. A. respectable B. honorable C. recognizable D. understandable ‎35. A. after B. by C. as D. for ‎36. A. hit B. got C. called D. promoted ‎37. A. make out B. reach out C. set out D. work out ‎38. A. appointed B. destined C. considered D. intended ‎39. A. hesitate B. need C. wait D. rush ‎40. A. delay B. dream C. plan D. prepare ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者转行做酿酒师的人生感悟。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词意。根据前文my dad did everything he could to discourage me from becoming a brewer(酿酒师)可知，父亲不喜欢酿酒师这个职业，不希望作者当酿酒师，由此可以推断他几乎不能养家糊口。A. barely几乎不；B. easily容易地；C. sufficiently足够地；D. adequately足够地；适当地，故选A。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查副词。根据语境Is this what I want to be doing when I’m 50?可知，作者在怀疑自己是否50岁了还可以继续自己现在的事业？由此可知，工作五年后作者仍然对自己的工作充满怀疑。A. Though虽然，尽管；B. Otherwise否则，不然；C. Still仍然；D. Anyhow无论如何，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据下文的问题可知，作者是对自己的工作持怀疑态度。A. fear害怕；B. doubt怀疑；C. regret后悔；D. desire渴望，故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。根据语境可知，在清扫阁楼时偶然找到了一份啤酒配方。A. came across偶然遇到；B. picked out挑出；C. put down放下；D. brought about发生，故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据下文作者父亲的评论以及Why not make good beer for Americans using my family way?可知，这里找到的是家族的有关啤酒的配方。A. receipts收据；收条；B. cans罐子；C. recipes配方；D. labels标签。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考察副词。根据下文I agreed. Americans pay good money for ___7___ beer, I thought. Why not make good beer for Americans using my family way?可知，现在的啤酒基本上都是水，只是面上有一些泡沫。A. exactly准确地；B. particularly特别地；C. roughly粗略地；D. basically主要地。从根本上说，故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据上文Today’s beer is ___6___ water that can hold a head,” 可知，啤酒的质量差。A. inferior（质量等）低劣的；下级的，下等的；B. superb极好的；华丽的；丰盛的；C. fake赝品，假的；D. sour酸的。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据语境可知，Instead he said, “Jim, that is the ______thing I’ve ever heard!”以及Dad objected可知，作者是期望父亲为自己的决定感到高兴，然而事实却不是这样。A. miserable令人痛苦的，卑鄙的；B. amused愉快的；C. excited兴奋的；D. concerned担心的。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据后文Dad objected可知，父亲认为这是我做的最愚蠢的决定。A. dumbest愚蠢的；B. smartest明智的；C. toughest艰难的；D. rudest粗鲁的。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查连词。根据语境可知，虽然父亲尽全力反对我，但最终还是支持我了。A. As soon as一……就；B. As much as和……一样，虽然；C. As far as和……一样远；D. As long as只要，所以选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据下文coughing up(支付) $40,000 when I opened the Boston Beer Company in 1984.可知，父亲成了我的第一位投资者。A. employer雇主；B. customer顾客；C. investor投资者；D. salesman销售员。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据后文All my safety nets were gone.可知，从条件舒适的办公室出来，去做一名酿酒人，就像爬山一样：令人振奋，感到自由，但又觉得有些害怕。因为我所有的安全保护网都撤掉了。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. relaxing令人放松的；C. pushing莽撞的；D. frightening令人害怕的。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据语境可知，一旦啤酒酿造出来后，我面临的最大问题就是：如何将它送到消费者手中。A. opportunity机会；B. decision决定；C. obstacle障碍；D. defeat打败。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据后文作者为他的啤酒起了响亮的名字可知，他需要为它的啤酒取一个响亮而又高雅的名字。A. respectable可敬的；B. honorable光荣的，可敬的；C. recognizable可识别的，可承认的；D. understandable可理解的。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查短语搭配。“根据什么命名”用name after，故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义。根据语境可知，作者公文包里装满啤酒，转遍了波士顿的各个酒吧，所以用hit。A. hit击打，到达，去某地；B. got得到；C. called打电话；D. promoted促进，提升。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。此处表示结果本不应该是这样子的，因为一开始作者的父亲是不想让作者当酿酒师的。A. make out理解，辨认出；B. reach out伸出；C. set out动身，着手；D. work out解决，产生结果，故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词。根据原文内容，作者最终还是当了酿酒师，由此可以断定，自己命中注定会当酿酒师。A. appointed任命；B. destined命中注定的；C. considered被认为是；D. intended打算。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词。根据原文作者的经历可知，作者的建议是“不要急于做决定”。A. hesitate犹豫；B. need需要；C. wait等待；D. rush冲，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据前文内容“不要急于做决定”，可知作者是想表达“人的一生很长久，生活不一定按你的计划进行”。A. delay拖延；B. dream梦想；C. plan计划；D. prepare准备，故选C。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The national college entrance exam in Russia，Unified State Exam，will include Chinese as ___41___ elective foreign language starting from 2019．Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam ___42___(follow)English，German，French and Spanish．‎ The number of Chinese learners in Russia ___43___ (grow)quickly in the past decade，according to a survey ___44___ (conduct)by a linguistic research center in Russia．‎ Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person，___45___ more and more people choosing university courses in Russia．‎ The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on ___46___ (they)listening，reading，and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar，vocabulary and Chinese ___47___ (character)．Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers．‎ According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International(Hanban)7 as of 2017， some 100 million people，excluding native speakers，use Chinese ___48___ (global)．‎ The United Nations(UN)in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day ___49___ falls on April 20 each year ____50____ (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of a11 official languages．‎ ‎【答案】41. an 42. following 43. has grown 44. conducted 45. with 46. their ‎ ‎47. characters 48. globally 49. which/that 50. to celebrate ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，2019年俄罗斯高考中将新增加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不断上升。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。这里表示“一门或一种选修语言”，表泛指，由于elective以元音音素开头。故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故follow做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词形式following。故填following。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态及主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past decade可知，本句需要用现在完成时；由于本句主语为number，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填入has grown。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。conduct本句中做非谓语与逻辑主语构成被动，表示该调查“被进行”，因此填入过去分词形式conducted。故填conducted。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：学习方法因人而异,有越来越多的人选择俄罗斯的大学课程。分析句子可知，本句为with的复合结构作状语，因此填入介词with。故填with。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查代词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词listening。故填their。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。这里表示考查汉字（Chinese characters），character为可数名词，应该用复数形式表示多个汉字。故填characters。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词use。故填globally。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。本空格前面的Chinese Language Day为先行词，后面是一个限制性定语从句，先行词在后面的限制性定语从句作主语。故填which/that。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。此处as well as连接两个并列的成分，故填入动词不定式形式to celebrate，在句中作目的状语。故填to celebrate。‎ 第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Every morning and evening, many people gather to dance in our community square, where is designed to improve living quality. Although dancing could do good to their health, but the long-time dancing and loud noise causing by the loudspeaker really brought the neighbors inconvenience. I couldn’t rest or sleep well, which made me terrible upset. I felt such sleepy in class that I performed badly in study. To solve a problem, I communicated with the organizers and suggested that they should shorten the dance time and reduced the music noise. Only doing so can they have fun and let others enjoy life. To their delight, they adopted my advices.‎ ‎【答案】1. where→which ‎2.去掉but ‎3. causing→caused ‎4. terrible→terribly ‎5. such→so ‎6. a→the ‎7. reduced→reduce ‎8. doing so前加by ‎9. their→my ‎10. advices→advice ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述广场舞影响了作者的生活，导致上课犯困学习不好，作者与组织者交流建议他们缩短跳舞的时间并降低音乐声，作者的建议被采纳。‎ ‎【详解】1、考查定语从句。句意：每天早晚，许多人聚集在我们的社区广场跳舞，广场被设计是为了提高生活质量。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是our community square，从句中缺少主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故将where改为which。‎ ‎2、考查连词。英语句子中although与but不能同时使用，故去掉but。‎ ‎3、考查过去分词。句意：虽然跳舞对他们的健康有好处，但长时间的跳舞和扬声器引起的巨响确实给邻居带来了不便。分析句子可知，caused by the loudspeaker作定语，用非谓语动词形式，修饰loud noise，cause与逻辑主语noise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故将causing改为caused。‎ ‎4、考查副词。修饰形容词upset用副词作状语，故将terrible改为terribly。‎ ‎5、考查so that句型。such 是形容词，修饰名词作定语；so是副词，修饰形容词sleepy作状语，故将such改为so。‎ ‎6、考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指上文提到的事情，广场舞的噪音影响我的生活这件事，故将a改为the。‎ ‎7、 考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，and连接谓语动词shorten和reduce，故将reduced改为reduce。‎ ‎8、考查介词。by doing sth.“通过做某事”是固定短语，故doing so前加by。‎ ‎9、考查代词。句意：让我高兴的是，他们采纳了我的建议。由下文my advice可知，此处指“让我高兴的是”，故将their改为my。‎ ‎10、考查名词。advice是不可数名词，故将advices改为advice。‎ 第二节 书面表达 (25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resource)。内容包括：‎ ‎1．学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；‎ ‎2．推荐理由；‎ ‎3．表达祝愿。‎ 注意：1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Peter，‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I am glad to hear that you are eager to improve your Chinese and know more about Chinese culture. It's my pleasure to recommend some resources to you.‎ ‎① Reading some popular newspapers and magazines, such as Southern Weekly, is the first choice, from which you can get lots of information about Chinese customs. Besides, there are other ways to experience the Chinese language and culture on the Internet, on TV or with some apps. The interesting news and stories in these resources are so amazing that you will never feel bored. I am sure you can benefit a lot from them.‎ ‎② I sincerely hope that you can make great progress in learning Chinese and have a better ‎ understanding of Chinese culture.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一封书信：假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resource)。内容包括：1．学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；2．推荐理由；3．表达祝愿。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：eager to improve your Chinese（渴望提高你的汉语）；Southern Weekly（南方周末）；get lots of information about Chinese customs（得到许多关于中国风俗的信息）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一封书信，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I am glad to hear that you are eager to improve your Chinese and know more about Chinese culture.此处that引导宾语从句；Reading some popular newspapers and magazines, such as Southern Weekly, is the first choice, from which you can get lots of information about Chinese customs.句中使用非限制性定语从句；The interesting news and stories in these resources are so amazing that you will never feel bored.句中so---that引导结果状语从句。‎