【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之二（20页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题议论文类型10篇训练之二（20页word版答案含有解析）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题 议论文类型10篇训练之二 ‎[一]‎ We know a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of reading a hardcopy book vs reading electronically.The problem is，many of us refuse to listen.‎ Don't get me wrong：Digital reading has some real advantages.Ask people what they like most about reading on digital screens，and you hear over and again about convenience.More points for digital reading：ebooks tend to be cheaper.There's also the environmental argument.Think of the trees!‎ Yet the soundness of this case is arguable.The earth metals to build ereaders are not just rare but highly poisonous.And think about all that energy needed to run servers and cooling fans.And remember，trees are a renewable resource.‎ Then，there's the appeal of a hard copy.Many people prefer print when reading both for pleasure and for school or work.Drawing examples from my own research，some of the reasons are aesthetic(美学的)．Others involve a sense of accomplishment，ease of annotation(“I can write on the pages”)，and navigation (“easy to locate where I was”)．Meanwhile，I hear abundant complaints about eye strain(干涩) and headaches when using screens.‎ Much of what students liked about reading print involved their minds.They say “it's easier to focus”．Some also acknowledged they took more time with printed text and read more carefully.‎ But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration.More than 92 percent of those I surveyed said they concentrate best when reading a hard copy.When a digital device has an Internet connection，it's hard to resist the temptation(诱惑)．‎ So if digital interruptions don't threaten your enjoyment or understanding of a text，then medium may not matter.Casual reading like David Baldacci？If you break to check sports scores，little harm done.But just don't expect to understand Joyce's novels this way.‎ ‎28．What is an advantage of reading a hardcopy book?‎ A．It is cheaper.‎ B．It is easier to carry around.‎ C．It helps people think deeper.‎ D．It provides instant information.‎ ‎29．What's the biggest problem of reading digitally?‎ A．Environmental concern.‎ B．Physical discomfort.‎ C．Concentration.‎ D．Internet connection.‎ ‎30．What's the author's attitude towards ereading?‎ A．Supportive. B．Disapproving.‎ C．Optimistic. D．Unconcerned.‎ ‎31．How is the passage mainly developed?‎ A．By analyzing possible reasons.‎ B．By providing typical examples.‎ C．By listing practical suggestions.‎ D．By presenting direct comparisons.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章分析了阅读纸质书和阅读电子书的优缺点，鼓励人们更多地阅读纸质书。‎ ‎28．C　推理判断题。第五段Much of what students liked about reading print involved their minds.They say “it's easier to focus”．Some also acknowledged they took more time with printed text and read more carefully.讲到，学生们喜欢阅读纸质书主要是关乎他们的思想，他们说“更容易专注”。一些学生也承认他们花更多的时间阅读纸质课文并会读得更加认真。可知阅读纸质书的优点是帮助人们更深刻地思考。故选C。‎ ‎29．C　细节理解题。倒数第二段首句But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration.提到，让电子阅读失败的原因是专注。电子阅读的最大问题是专注。故选C。‎ ‎30．B　推理判断题。文章最后一句If you break to check sports scores，little harm done.But just don't expect to understand Joyce's novels this way.提到，如果你只是查看一下体育比赛分数，没关系。但是不要期望用这种方法理解Joyce的小说。可推断作者对阅读电子书是不赞成的。故选B。‎ ‎31．D　写作手法题。根据文章内容可知，文章通过比较阅读纸质书和阅读电子书的优缺点展开阐述，可知正确答案是D。‎ ‎[二]‎ Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time，according to the findings ‎ of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences.The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis of the “5second rule”－the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less.Although people have long followed the “5second rule”，until now it was unclear whether it actually helped.‎ The study，undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton，Professor of Microbiology at Aston University，monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet，cement floor to toast，pasta，biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds.The results showed that：time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food，and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect，with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.Professor Hilton said，“Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time.”‎ The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the “fivesecond rule”．The survey showed that：87% of the people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor，or already have done so.55% of those that would，or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women.81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the “5second rule”．Professor Hilton added，“Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food，with women the most likely to do so.But they are also more likely to follow the ‘5second rule’，which our research has shown to be much than an old wives’ tale.”‎ ‎32．According to the passage，which of the following is true?‎ A．A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.‎ B．A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.‎ C．The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted ‎ with the food dropped on the cement floor.‎ D．The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.‎ ‎33．What is the passage probably developed?‎ A．Contrast. B．Example.‎ C．Time. D．Space.‎ ‎34．How did Professor Hilton feel after analyzing how many people chose to eat dropped food?‎ A．Puzzled. B．Upset.‎ C．Satisfied. D．Astonished.‎ ‎35．What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A．The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.‎ B．A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.‎ C．The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.‎ D．People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　人们遵循的“五秒钟法则”，即“掉落的东西在五秒钟之内是不会沾染细菌的”这一说法是正确的吗？美国南卡罗莱纳州的科学家做了一个实验，结果发现仅仅五秒钟，沾染到食物上的细菌足以致病，所以下次掉地上食物的时候，还是不要选择五秒钟法则吧。‎ ‎32．D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect，with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5 seconds.”可知，三十秒内食物掉到水泥地板上不如掉到毛毯地板上安全。故选D。‎ ‎33．A　推理判断题。科学家通过做实验对比的方式来表明就算掉在地上五秒钟的食物也有细菌。A.Contrast对比；B.Example举例；C.Time时间；D.Space空间。故选A。‎ ‎34．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Our study showd that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food，with women the most likely to do so.”可知，作者看到大多数人会吃掉的食物是感到惊讶的。故选D。‎ ‎35．B　主旨大意题。本文主要讲了科学家做的一个实验证明掉在地上的东西，即使只有五秒钟也是含有细菌的，是不能吃的。故选B。‎ ‎[三] ‎ ‎　‎ 高考英语模拟试题精编(五)‎ 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A B C Despite being used by 1.24 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.‎ One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it's completely silent and it's weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another，“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，” he says，Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden，Brazil and the UK，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.‎ Although Dunne says he's received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don't even think about it” on them，Michael Robinson,24，a student from London，agrees，“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn't need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，” he says.“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers，which I don't，but it's been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says.‎ So if you ever end up using public transport in the West，why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first.‎ ‎28．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?‎ A．By putting up posters on the tube.‎ B．By advocating his idea on the media.‎ C．By offering passengers special badges.‎ D．By starting a dialogue with passengers.‎ ‎29．How is Dunne's campaign getting along?‎ A．It has caught international attention.‎ B．It has become a worldwide campaign.‎ C．Most passengers have refused to accept it.‎ D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it.‎ ‎30．According to Michael Robinson，what should tube passengers do?‎ A．Hand in their feedback in time.‎ B．Walk up and talk to strangers.‎ C．Stop using public transport.‎ D．Enjoy the peace quietly.‎ ‎31．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Tube Chat or Not B．Lonely Travel in London Tube C．Silence on the Tube D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges ‎【语篇解读】　在伦敦，人们坐地铁很孤独，因为都不说话，为了改变这一现状，一位名叫Jonathan Dunne的人发起一项运动，鼓励人们在乘坐地铁时互相聊天，获得了很多人的认可，当然也有不同的声音。‎ ‎28．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...giving out badges(徽章) with the words ‘Tube chat？’ last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another”可知，他是通过发徽章的方式鼓励人们的。故选C。‎ ‎29．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dunne and his ‘Tube chat’ campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden，Brazil and the UK，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.”可知，他发起的这个运动获得了世界性的注意和认可。故选A。‎ ‎30．D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn't need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you”可知，他认为地铁上是唯一的安静的地方，大家应该享受这份宁静，不要说话。故选D。‎ ‎31．A　标题判断题。本文讲述了有人发起的一项在乘坐地铁时要互相说话，打破沉默，虽有很多人赞同，但是也有一些不同的声音，故本文最后的主题就落到了在乘坐地铁时要不要说话上面来。故选A。‎ ‎[四]‎ As confusion disappeared，we found freedom，time，and energy to do more of what we love.We started hiking more and added weekend and weeklong camping trips.In doing so，we realized more and more benefits of being outdoors.‎ The physical health benefits from being outside may be pretty obvious at first，but there are more than I realized.Studies have shown that besides the vitamin D intake，being outside can even reduce recovery and healing time.Activity outdoors can also have a higher fitness benefit than exercise done indoors.‎ A walk in the woods or even just a quick trip to a park can help reduce anxiety，improve shortterm memory and reduce mental tiredness.Any time I need a boost in my mood，spending even five minutes in the sunshine will help.Imagine the benefits we receive from spending an entire day or even more outdoors.‎ As I've made it my preference to be outdoors，I find myself inspired and excited about life.Many people claim that their best ideas come to them in the shower.I have had the same happen when in nature.My creativity，confidence，and focus all increase after a hike or a weekend spent camping.‎ In between my generation and the generation of my children，there has been an extreme decrease in the amount of time kids are spending more time indoors than ever before and shares shocking statistics of how little time kids get out VS hours of screen time each day.This has given rise to many negative consequences such as poorer physical and mental health.‎ However，as mentioned previously，all the benefits we as adults can receive from time spent outdoors，it is even better for our kids.It is clear that time in nature is good for both adults and children.‎ ‎28．According to the passage，we can know that ________.‎ A．it is necessary to take in more vitamin D B．being outside helps us get well sooner C．indoor exercise is kind of harmful to health D．keeping fit is very important for children ‎29．How does the author give advice to readers?‎ A．By making comparisons.‎ B．By presenting his personal experience.‎ C．By giving warnings.‎ D．By following the order of importance.‎ ‎30．When does the author have his best ideas?‎ A．When he is having a shower.‎ B．When he is with the kids.‎ C．When he is in nature.‎ D．When he comes back from work.‎ ‎31．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The author is an expert in physical health.‎ B．The author is strict with his children.‎ C．Many children still prefer to stay indoors.‎ D．Most parents ignore the value of being outdoors.‎ ‎　【语篇解读】　本文为议论文。作者通过自己的亲身经历论述了户外活动的好处。‎ ‎28．B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“being outside can even reduce recovery and healing time(待在户外甚至能减少康复和治疗的时间)”可知，在户外能让我们很快健康起来。故选B。‎ ‎29．B　写作方法题。通读全文可知，作者主要通过自己的亲身经历，讲述了户外活动对人们的好处。故选B。‎ ‎30．C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Many people claim that their best ideas come to them in the shower.I havehad the same happen when in nature.”可知，作者在大自然中时，会产生最好的思想。故选C。‎ ‎31．C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“there has been an extreme decrease in the amount of time kids are spending more time indoors than ever before and shares shocking statistics of how little time kids get out VS hours of screen time each day”可推知，很多孩子喜欢待在户内。故选C。‎ ‎[五]‎ A survey has shown that what you do on a plane can be determined by which nationality is listed on your passport.‎ According to the results of an international passenger survey，Australians are the biggest drinkers on board with 36 percent choosing to down the hatch，compared to 35 percent of Americans and 33 percent of Brits.‎ The Airline Passenger Experience Association(APEX) spoke to around 1,500 people，aged 18 and older，who have travelled by plane at least once during the last three months and were living in the United States，United Kingdom，Germany，Japan，China，Singapore，Australia and Brazil.‎ The results found Chinese travelers are most likely to nod off once the seatbelt sign switches off.They are also the first to take out their credit card for some inflight shopping and the biggest fans of gaming.Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively－when not drinking－choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet.‎ Meanwhile，Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers－spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality.Compar-‎ atively，Brazilians conduct their conversations online via email，messaging apps or social media.‎ Despite plane food having a bad reputation，seven out of ten interviewees said they were happy to eat up on the selection of inflight snacks and meals.Inflight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers.‎ The international flyers did however express their desire for better inflight entertainment.“The industry has greatly improved the comfort，entertainment and onboard service，and passengers are accepting those improvements.” said Russell Lemieux，APEX executive director.“At the same time，passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences which will drive more improvements touching all aspects of the journey.” he added.‎ ‎32．What can you probably see in the flight according to the passage?‎ A．Brazilians choose to drink.‎ B．Americans do inflight shopping.‎ C．Germans chat to kill the time.‎ D．The Chinese switch off the seatbelt sign.‎ ‎33．When on board the plane，________.‎ A．passengers from one nation have little in common B．most passengers like to read inflight magazines C．more than half of the passengers don't enjoy plane food D．most people tend to use inflight time to have a good sleep ‎34．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Flyers care little about entertainment.‎ B．Flyers are not satisfied with the improvements.‎ C．Flyers are expecting better flight experiences.‎ D．Flyers have more and more demands from airlines.‎ ‎35．What's the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To entertain readers with interesting stories.‎ B．To encourage people to behave well in public.‎ C．To criticize impolite behaviors on the plane.‎ D．To inform readers of the results of a survey.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章讲了各国乘客在飞机上的表现。‎ ‎32．C　推理判断题。根据第五段排除A项；根据第四段中的“Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively－when not drinking－choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet.”排除B项；根据第四段中的“Chinese travelers are most likely to nod off once the seatbelt sign switches off.”排除D项。C根据第五段“Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers－spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality.”可知德国人聊天消磨时光。故答案为C。‎ ‎33．B　根据题干信息，答案定位在第六段最后一句话。“Inflight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers.”意为大多数乘客喜欢看飞行杂志。可知答案为B。‎ ‎34．C　根据题干信息，答案定位在最后一段。“The international flyers did however express their desire for better inflight entertainment.”express their desire for跟expect意思相同。故答案为C。‎ ‎35．D　根据第一段A survey has shown ...可知文章是一篇调查报告，可知是要告诉大家调查结果。故选D。‎ ‎ [六]‎ After a friend recommended that he join a secret Google project six years ago，Brian Torcellini became a driver in a driverless car.‎ Torcellini,31，leads a crew of test drivers who are legally required to ride in Google's fleet of 48 driverless cars.They only take a control in emergencies.‎ Otherwise，they make observations that help the company's engineers improve the driverless cars.‎ The driverless cars already have covered more than 2 million miles in six years of testing on private tracks，on highways and city streets.The vehicles have traveled ‎ more than half that distance in automated mode(自动模式)，with one test driver in place to take control of the car if the technology fails or a potentially dangerous situation arises.Meanwhile，another driver sits in the front passenger seat taking notes of the problems that need to be fixed.‎ The job of the test driver requires a sense of adventure，something ‎ Torcellini acquired when he began to surf in high school.His other hobbies include fishing and scuba diving.‎ While the engineers who are programming the robot cars have technical backgrounds，most of the test drivers don't.Torcellini worked in a book store.He dreamed of becoming a writer.He ended up at Google in 2009.Espinosa,27，was working in a bicycle shop before he was hired as a test driver two years ago.Stephanie Villegas,28，was a swim instructor，before becoming a test driver.Other test drivers were former soldiers and former photographers.They all share at least one thing in common：spotless driving records.Besides this，the job also requires a combination of good judgment，patience and fearlessness.‎ Before they are entrusted(托付) with the cars，Google's test drivers must complete threeweek training courses.The drivers are taught to take control of the robot car whenever there is any moment of doubt or danger.‎ Google employs “dozens” of test drivers but won't reveal the precise number.California law requires two test drivers per vehicle.‎ ‎28．What do you know about Brian Torcellini?‎ A．He is in charge of a crew of test drivers.‎ B．He used to be a swim instructor.‎ C．He led a secret Google project.‎ D．He has technical backgrounds.‎ ‎29．The driver sitting in the front passenger seat is responsible for ________.‎ A．fixing the car problems B．driving in emergencies C．recording the car problems D．monitoring the car driver ‎30．We can infer that ________.‎ A．Stephanie Villegas is interested in scuba diving B．Brian Torcellini is very fond of literature C．Espinosa is an excellent cyclist in California D．driverless cars are very popular in California ‎31．The underlined word “this” refers to ________.‎ A．having good judgments B．having clean driving records C．breaking the traffic rules D．having technical backgrounds ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一群无人车驾驶司机，他们乘坐一辆无人驾驶汽车，只在紧急情况下进行控制。他们的主要工作是测试驱动程序，记下需要解决的问题，帮助公司的工程师改善无人驾驶汽车。这是一项需要冒险意识，需要良好的判断力、耐心和无畏精神的工作。‎ ‎28．A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Torcellini,31，leads a crew of test drivers”可知，他领导着一群测试司机，A项正确，C项错误。由第五段中的“Torcellini worked in a book store.He dreamed of becoming a writer.”可知，他以前在书店工作，他梦想成为一名作家，B项错误；由第五段中的“While the engineers who are programming the robot cars have technical backgrounds，most of the test drivers don't.”可知，编程机器人的工程师有技术背景，大多数测试驱动程序的司机没有，D项错误。故选A。‎ ‎29．C　细节理解题。由第三段中的“another driver sits in the front passenger seat taking notes of the problems that need to be fixed.”可知，另一名司机坐在前排乘客座位，记下需要解决的问题。故选C。‎ ‎30．B　推理判断题。由第五段中的“Stephanie Villegas,28，was a swim instructor，before becoming a test driver.”可知，他在成为测试车手之前是游泳教练，A项错误。由第五段中的“He dreamed of becoming a writer.”可知，他梦想成为一名作家，B项正确。由第五段中的“Espinosa,27，was working in a bicycle shop before he was hired as a test driver two years ago.”可知，他在两年前被聘为测试司机之前，正在一家自行车店工作，C项错误；由最后一段中的“Google employs ‘dozens’ of test drivers but won't reveal the precise number.”可知，谷歌使用了许多测试驱动程序司机，但不会透露具体的数字。说明这并没有在加州得到普及，那也不可能受到人们的欢迎。故选B。‎ ‎31．B　词义推断题。由“They all share at least one thing in common：spotless driving records.Besides this，the job also requires a combination of good judgment，patience and fearlessness.”可知，他们至少有一个共同点：一尘不染的驾驶记录。除此之外，工作还需要良好的判断力、耐心和无畏。所以this指的应该是一尘不染的驾驶记录。故选B。‎ ‎[七]‎ It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.As some point in every speech，every speaker says something that is not understood exactly ‎ as he has planned.Fortunately，such moments are usually not obvious to the listeners.Why？Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say.They hear only what the speaker does say.If you lose your place for a moment，wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences，or forget to pause at a certain point，no_one_will_be_any_the_wiser.When such moments occur，don't worry about them.Just continue as if nothing happened.‎ Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech，that don't really matter.If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King's famous speech－“I have a dream”，you may notice that he stumble(结巴) over his words twice during the speech.Most likely，however，you don't remember.Why？Because you were fixing your attention on its message rather than on his way of speechmaking.‎ People care a lot about making mistakes in a speech because they regard speechmaking as a kind of performance rather than as an act of commun-‎ ication.They feel the listeners are like judges in an iceskating competition.But，in fact，the listeners are not looking for a perfect performer.They are looking for a wellthoughtout speech that expresses the speaker's ideas clearly and directly.‎ Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker's attractiveness by making him more human.‎ As you work on your speech，don't worry about being perfect.Once you free your mind of this，you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.‎ ‎32．The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will ________.‎ A．be smarter than you B．know what you are talking about C．do better than you D．notice your mistakes ‎33．You don't remember obvious mistakes in a speech because ________.‎ A．you find the way of speechmaking more important B．you don't fully understand the speech C．you don't know what the speaker plans to say D．your attention is on the content ‎34．From the last two paragraphs，the author means that ________.‎ A．giving a speech is like giving a performance B．the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made C．one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad D．the more mistakes a speaker makes，the more attractive he will be ‎35．What would be the best title of the passage?‎ A．How to Be a Perfect Speaker B．Don't Expect a Perfect Speech C．Don't Expect Mistakes in a Speech D．How to Make a Perfect Speech ‎　【语篇解读】　本文为议论文，论述了不要期盼完美的演讲，听众的注意力主要在演讲的内容上，偶尔犯错也没有关系。‎ ‎32．D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say.They hear only what the speaker does say.”可知，如果你在演讲中出现了错误，例如弄错了句子的顺序，或者没有及时停顿，不用在意，因为没有人会注意到你的错误。故选D。‎ ‎33．D　推理判断题。根据第二段“Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech，that doesn't really matter ...Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speechmaking.”可推知，听众主要的注意力在演讲的内容上，所以就算有一些错误也不会被记住。故选D。‎ ‎34．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker's attractiveness by making him more human.”可推知，有时犯一两个错误会使演讲更加有吸引力，不一定是坏事。故选C。‎ ‎35．B　标题归纳题。本文的主要观点是完美的演讲是不可能的，听众的注意力主要在演讲的内容上，偶尔犯错误也没有关系。故选B。‎ ‎ [八]‎ Global warming threatens to hold back human progress，and make unachievable all UN targets to reduce poverty，according to some of the world's leading international and development groups.‎ In a report published today，Oxfam，Greenpeace and other groups say rich governments must immediately address climate change to avoid even “unbearable levels” of worldwide poverty.‎ ‎“Food production，water supplies，public health and people's livelihoods are already being damaged and weakened，” the report says.“There is no approach possible.The world must meet its commitments to achieve poverty reduction and also deal with climate change，which are closely linked.” ‎ The report，which draws on UN predictions of the effects of climate change in poor countries over the next 50 years，says poor countries will experience more flooding，declining food production，more disease and the extinction of entire ecosystems on which many of the world's poorest people depend.‎ ‎“Climate change needs to be addressed now.The poor will bear the great consequence of it.The frontline experience of many of us working in international development indicates that communities are having to fight more extreme weather conditions.” ‎ Climate change will cause great damage to agriculture and water supplies and will increase diseases.“By 2025 the number of the world's population living in countries of significant water stress will almost double，to 6 billion people.Tropical (热带的) and subtropical areas will be hardest hit—those countries already suffering from food shortage.”‎ Poor countries mostly do not need hitech solutions，but would most benefit from education，research and being shown how to farm better.The report says unchecked global warming，more than wars or political upheaval (政变)，will displace millions of people and unsettle many countries.‎ ‎32．Which of the following is NOT related to global warming according to the passage?‎ A．Fitness.　　　　 B．Food production.‎ C．Water supplies. D．Farming.‎ ‎33．What does the underlined word “address” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Settle. B．Speak.‎ C．Occupy. D．Write an address.‎ ‎34．Where may the passage be taken from?‎ A．A diary. B．A novel.‎ C．A magazine. D．A news report.‎ ‎35．Which of the following is the main topic discussed in the passage?‎ A．Global warming：causing damage to agriculture B．Global warming：causing damage to water supplies C．Global warming：a bigger threat to humans D．Global warming：a bigger threat to the poor ‎【语篇解读】　全球气候变暖加剧贫穷。‎ ‎32．D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Food production，water supplies，public health and people's livelihoods are already being damaged and weakened”可知，文中没有提到farming。‎ ‎33．A　词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句可知，富裕的政府会解决气候变化来避免世界贫穷。address意为“解决”。‎ ‎34．C　文章出处题。文章主要是讲全球变暖加剧贫穷的问题，这是一篇研究报告，应该出自杂志。而不是日记、小说和新闻。‎ ‎35．D　主旨大意题。文章首句表述了全文的中心，其意义是：据全球主要的国际发展组织推测，全球变暖不但威胁着人类发展的进程，有可能使之倒退，而且联合国所有减少贫穷的目标和计划都将无法实现。由此可简述为：全球气候变暖加剧贫穷。‎ ‎[九] ‎ Living closer to open fields and trees reduces your risk of being obese (肥胖)，research suggests and the benefits can be seen even in poor neighborhoods where risks of both obesity and poor mental health are known to be much higher.The new study，supported by Friends of the Earth Europe (FoE)，also showed that the great outdoors had benefits for pregnant women.Those living close to trees and open fields，considered a “natural healers” by the researchers at the Institute for European environmental policy，gave birth to children of much healthier sizes.‎ It is believed that the increased opportunity to be active and breathing in less air pollution may explain the reduced death rates and obesity prevention.After reviewing hundreds of previous studies，scientists say it can even reduce the chance of an early death by 16 per cent compared to those living in an “urban jungle”．The green spaces also reduced depression (抑郁) by allowing for people to meet others more easily and get away from busy and noisy activities of a city，experts state.‎ Robbie Blake，a campaigner for FoE，told The Guardian：The evidence is strong and growing that people and communities can be energetic and lively when they have access to nature.‎ ‎“We all need nature in our lives and it gives us freedom and helps us live ‎ healthily；yet poor communities are routinely cut off from nature in their surroundings and it is holding back their wellbeing.” ‎ The findings back up much evidence that shows setting up a home in a heavilypolluted city can be damaging to someone's health.After studying the wellbeing of nearly 110，000 women，they found living in cities also increased the risk of cancer and respiratory(呼吸)illnesses.Those in the greenest areas had a 34 per cent lower rate of respiratory diseaserelated deaths and a 13 per cent lower rate of cancer deaths.‎ ‎28．What can we know about obesity from Paragraph 1?‎ A．The outdoors can prevent obesity.‎ B．Obesity can cause mental trouble.‎ C．Urban mothers can have obese babies.‎ D．Pregnant women can get obese easily.‎ ‎29．What is the social benefit of living in the countryside?‎ A．Having more freedom to rest.‎ B．Meeting other people more conveniently.‎ C．Breathing healthier air.‎ D．Keeping more wealth and happiness.‎ ‎30．What does the underlined word “We” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A．Pregnant women.‎ B．Patients with respiratory illnesses.‎ C．Ordinary people.‎ D．People living in poor communities.‎ ‎31．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Ways of living in the countryside B．Living in healthy neighborhoods C．Countryside，the greenest area D．Access to nature ‎【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，主要介绍了接近大自然有利于减少人们肥胖的风险，有利于人的健康。‎ ‎28．A　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，接近大自然有利于缓解人们肥胖症的风险，所以A正确。‎ ‎29．B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The green spaces also reduced depression ...，experts state.”可知，住在乡村，人们更容易与人相遇，远离城市的繁忙和嘈杂，所以B正确。‎ ‎30．C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Robbie Blake，a campaigner for FoE”可知指的是普通人。‎ ‎31．D　主旨大意题。根据第一段可知接近大自然有利于缓解人们的肥胖，第二段谈到接近自然有利于减轻抑郁，所以D正确。‎ ‎ [十] ‎ Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants.Except for its flowers，the plant looks like spaghetti，a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked.Its almost leafless，threadlike stems hang down on top of other plants that dodder needs to stay alive.Dodder does not produce its own food.Instead，it steals food from other plants.It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around，often making its host very weak or even killing it.‎ Dodder can find other plants by their smell.When a young dodder plant starts growing，it follows the smell of plants it prefers，like tomato plants，potato plants，or other farm crops.Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth，a dodder plant will grow in the direction of，for example，tomato smell—if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.‎ However，a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly.It no longer needs its root once it is attached to the host and wrapped around it.If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few days，it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around.Once it finds a host，the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster.At that point the dodder plant will drop its root.‎ Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers.When it does get out of hand，dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy ‎ crops completely.Before sowing their produce，especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds.This is a good way to stop dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.‎ ‎32．Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph?‎ A．To analyze the content of some food.‎ B．To introduce the topic of this passage.‎ C．To tell the usage of the dodder plants.‎ D．To describe the shape of dodder plants.‎ ‎33．What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean?‎ A．Invade.　　　　　 B．Grow.‎ C．Escape. D．Disappear.‎ ‎34．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．Dodder doesn't produce its own food.‎ B．Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.‎ C．Dodder can affect farmers' income.‎ D．Dodder can only survive in the shade.‎ ‎35．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To introduce a new variety of farm crops.‎ B．To introduce plants that are harmful to humans.‎ C．To introduce the special abilities of a dangerous plant.‎ D．To introduce recent improvements in farming methods.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种寄生植物——菟丝子，包括其特殊生长习性以及对农作物的危害。‎ ‎32．D　推理判断题。由第一段的“Except for its flowers，the plant looks like spaghetti，a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked.”可推断，作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状。故选D。‎ ‎33．D　词义猜测题。由画线词所在句可知，菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干。因此推断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish”与D项disappear“消失”意义相近。故选D。‎ ‎34．C　推理判断题。由最后一段的“When it does get out of hand，dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely.”可知，当菟丝子失去控制，也就是疯狂的生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影响农民们的收入。故选C。‎ ‎35．C　推理判断题。由第一段的“Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants.”和下文对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的主要是介绍这种特殊又有危害的植物——菟丝子。故选C。‎