2019届二轮复习语法专题主谓一致课件(共45张PPT)

2019届二轮复习语法专题主谓一致课件(共45张PPT)

2019 届二轮语法专题 9-2 主谓一致 Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1 is; takes is 2 3 4 is is 5 are removed Note 1. 要记住： 成功是每天一小点努力 的 积累， 且常常要花上数 年的努力 才能 达到。 remember 之后 宾语从句 的主语为 不可数名词 success ， 故 第一空 谓语 用 be 的第三人称 单数 形式 is ； 其后的并列谓语亦是如此，用 take 的第三人称单数 takes 。 2. 我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的水果树。 1 ) 句中主语 代词all指物 ，故 谓语动词用单数 形式。 2) 根据从句中can可判断用一般现在时。 故 填 be 的第三人称单数形式 is 。 注： all指人谓语动词用复数；指物谓语动词用单数。 Now all has been changed. 一切都已改变。 “ All are present today, Mr Li.” answered the monitor. 班长回答说：李老师，今天大家全到了。 Note 5. 如果脂肪和盐被从食物中 去除，那这个食物 尝起来会感觉缺了点什么 。 be remove d from .. .。 根据上下文， 1) 此处 谓语 需用一般现在时被动语态 ; 2) 由 连接词and连接的合成主语 后，要用 复数 形式的谓语动词。故此处填 are removed 。 3. 一般说来，他人对其期望值 高 的学生的内在动机对自身的发展是至关重要的。 1 ) 主语students’ inner motivation 不可数名词。 2) 根据generally ( 一般说来 ) ，讲通常情况用一般现在时。故 填 be 的第三人称单数形式 is 。 4. 因为我们各不相同，每个人都是特别的。 each of us作主语 ，谓语动词用 单数 形式。 主谓一致 考点题例一 1. Each of the footballers ___ over 150 pounds. A. weigh B. weighs C. weights D. were weighing 2. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ___ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A. work B. working C. is working D. are working 3. Many a student ___ that mistake before. A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. has made 4. I, who ___ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows. A. was B. are C. is D. am 考点梳理 主谓一致 指 主语和谓语在 “人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。 谓语动词的形式随主语的人称和数而变化。 1. The results of the research are to be published soon. 2. His suggestion has been accepted. 3. Many a student comes into the classroom. 4. Nobody is here. 1. 在 each/one of+ 复数名词 , anyone, somebody, everything, nothing 等复合不定代词作主语时， either 或 neither 不与 or 和 nor 搭配使用时，谓语动词采用 单数 形式。 (1) There are two roads and either leads to the station. (2) Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 2. 主语后跟有下列短语 不影响主语的 ( 单、复 ) 数。如： as well as, as much as, rather than, with, along with, together with, but, except, including, accompanied by, more than, no less than 等 (1) No one in the department but Tom and I knows that the director is going to resign. (2) The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, was visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. 3. 由 many a … 或 more than one 修饰的主语，尽管其意义是复数概念，谓语动词仍采取 单数 形式。由 each, every 和 no 修饰，并由 and 连接的的并列主语，其谓语动词亦用 单数 形式。 (1) More than one answer has been given to the question. (2) –Did you go to the show last night? –Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area has been invited . 1. If anyone   ________ Lisa, ask her to call me. A. see  B. sees  C. saw  D. seen 解析：复合不定代词 anyone 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 举一反三 2. The students in our school each ___ an English dictionary. A. are having B. had C. has D. have 注 ： each 位于复数名词后，不影响这类主语的数，动词仍用复数形式。 3. Nothing but cars ___  in the shop.   A. are going to sell      B. were sold          C. are sold          D. is sold 解析： but 不影响主语的单复数。 举一反三 4. His brother rather than his parents ___.    A. are to be blamed      B. is to blame         C. are to blame       D. is to be blamed. 6. Each boy and each girl ___ a new book. A. have gone B. has gone C. have got D. has got 解析： more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 举一反三 5. More than one student ___ to join the army.    A. want      B. wants    C. has wanted       D. don’t want Politics ___ one of the subjects that I study. A. are B. is C. were D. was 2. Our family ___ a happy one. are B. was C. are D. is 3. The police ___ a prisoner. are searched for B. is searching C. are searching for D. is searching for 4. I know that all ___ getting on well with her. A . were B. are C. is D. was 考点题例二 5. He is the only one of the students who ＿＿ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 6. Our League secretary and monitor ___ the lead in everything. A. take B. takes C. took D. had taken 7. The wounded ___ good care of here now. A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken 8. Twenty miles ___ a long way to cover.    A. seem to be      B. is      C. are  D. were 考点梳理 主谓一致之 语言内容 上的一致原则，语言内容上的一致原则指从意义上来判断主谓是否一致。主语形式上为单数，但 意义上是复数 ，谓语动词须用 复数 形式；主语形式上为复数形式， 但 意义上却是单数 ，谓语动词就须用 单数 形式。 1. The police have not made any arrests. 2. The news is exciting. 3. Not every means is useful. 4. Twenty years is a long time in one’s life. 1. 以 -s 结尾但意义为单数的名词如 : news, 再如 学科名词 ( 如 : mathematics 数学， economics 经济学， politics 政治， physics 物理学， statistics 统计学等 ) 作主语 时，谓语动词用 单数 。 (1) Mathematics is the language of science. (2) Physics is his favorite subject. 2. 某些 集合名词 作为 整体 概念时，谓语动词须用 单数 形式；强调 个体 概念时，谓语动词须用 复数 形式。这些常用的集合名词有： family, class, crew, team, group, public, audience, crowd, government, committee 等。 (1) The class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. (2) The whole class were greatly moved at his words. 3. 名词 中心词是 all ， most, half, the rest, the last, the remainder 等。如果指单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。 (1) All that can be eaten has been eaten up . (2) All but one were here just now. (3) The rest of the novel is very interesting. 4. 在 one + of + 复数名词 + who/ that/which 引导的定语从句结构中的主谓一致。在此结构中， who/that/which 通常指代 复数名词 而不是 one ，故定语从句中的谓语动词须用 复数形式 ；但如果 one 前出现 the only/ exact/very 等修饰时 ， who/that/which 指代 one ，定语从句的谓语动词须用 单数形式 。 (1) He is one of the boys who are never late for school. (2) The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who is from the countryside in our school. 5. and 或 both … and 连接的并列谓语。 (1) 一般用复数谓语 。 (2) 如果并列主语在意义上指 同一个人，同一个事物或同一概念或表示不可分割的整体时 ，谓语动词用 单数 。 (1) What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us. (2) Trial and error is the source of our knowledge. 6. 表示 一类人 的 the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded 等作主语时，谓语动词用 复数 。 (1) The rich are to help the poor. (2) The aged are taken good care of in this city. 7. 表示 时间、距离、价值、长度、重量 等名词作主语，这类名词尽管是复数形式，常视为一整体，谓语动词常用 单数形式 。 (1) Two thousand dollars was spent by him. (2) 20,000 dollars is not a small sum of money. 1. Most of what has been said about the Smiths ____also true of the Johnsons ．（安徽卷） A ． are B ． is C ． being D ． to be 解析： what has been said 为单数含义。 举一反三 2. Half of the material ___ away. A. has been taken B. are taken C. have been taken D. were taken The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 举一反三 解析：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只能用一个冠词；指不同的人或物时，并列主语前需要分别加冠词。 Translation 总理兼外长出席了国宴。 2. The Premier and the Foreign Minister were present at the state banquet. 总理和外长都出席了国宴。 1. These trousers _____ cleaning. 2. This pair of trousers ____ mine. 解析： 由 两部分构成 的表示物体的名词，如 trousers, pants, jeans, compasses, glasses, shoes 等作主语时，谓语动词常用 复数形式 。但如果各类名词 前用了 a pair of /two (three) ...pairs of 来修饰 ，谓语动词的单复数往往取决于 pair 等的单复数形式 。 难点解析 某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 need is 难点解析 1. Only 60 percent of the work _______ done yesterday. 2. About 20 percent of the students_______ absent today. 解析： 分数和百分数修饰 可数或不可数名词作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式 取决于它们所表达的意义 。 数词与量词作主语时的主谓一致 was are 1. All kinds of difficulties________ (have) to be overcome. 2. All sorts of food ______ here. 解析： 由 “ kind (form, type, sort, portion 等 )of ” 等修饰 的主语，其谓语形式 取决于这些词的单复数 而不是它们后面所跟的名词。 have are 1. A number of students________ from the south. 2. The number of students from the north____ small. 3. A variety of goods on sale______ in the shop. 解析： “ a number of ( 许多 )” “a variety of ( 各种各样的 )” 和 “ a group of ( 一群，一组 ) ” 修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用 复数形式 。但是” the number of (...... 的数目 )” 和“ the variety of (...... 的种类 )” 修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式 。 are is are 1. A great number of tourists ______(has) been to the Great Wall. 2. The number of workers who ______ (be) out of work _____ (be) 1,000. have were 举一反三 3. Two thirds of the students ________ (support) the plan. 4. Thirty percent of its area ___ (be) flooded each year. support is was Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are                  B. is                  C. have                    D. be  2. There _______ a desk and two chairs in the office. A. is B. are C. has D. have 考点题例三 考点梳理 在某些句型中， 主语不只一个， 谓语动词 ( 的性、数 ) 与其最近的并列主语保持一致，称为 就近一致 原则。 1. One or two colleagues are coming tonight. 2. Not only eight passengers but also the driver was killed in the accident. 3. There are two chairs and a desk in the office. 由 or, either … or … , neither … nor … , not only … but (also) … , whether...or... 在句子中连接并列主语的时候或者在 there be 句型中，谓语动词的单复数形式要和 就近 的主语 的 单复数保持一致 。 (1) Neither you nor I am wrong. (2) Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. (3) There is a cup of tea and some apples on the table. 1. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have 2. Such poets as Shakespeare ______widely read ， of whose works ， however ， some _____ difficult to understand ． A. are ； are B. is ； is C. are ； is D. is ： are 3. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________ evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 4. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been (1) Multiple choice. 1. Neither of my parents ______ English. 2. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle. 3. Both Ann and Tom ______ late yesterday. 4. No one in the department but Tom and I ___________ (know) that the director is going to resign. (2) Fill in the blanks. is is were knows 5. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______ (be) being washed away each year. 6. All of us ________ (go) to see the film because we had money to buy tickets yesterday. 7. Neither of the two_____ right. 8. Either you or I ________ going to America. went is am are 9. There ______ too many mistakes in your exercises. 10. Going to bed early and getting up early _____ good for your health. 11. Dr. Smith, together with his wife, _____ to arrive on the evening flight. 12. Nobody but one teacher and three students _____ in the laboratory yesterday. are is was is (3) Correct the sentences. 1. Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith are teacher. 2. Both coffee and beer is on sale in the shop. 3. Either the students or the teacher are to blame. 4. Not only the students but also their teacher don't know about it. 5. Mr. Green besides his sons like sports. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ 5. _________ teachers are is doesn’t likes During the last summer vacation, Li Lei, a high school student, goes to teach in a small and less-developed village with other volunteers. When he arrived, he found the people there lived in a tough life and that all the kids crowd a poorly-furnished room. Greatly to his delight, the children was lovely and friendly. _________ 2. _________ 3. _________ 4. _________ went 去掉 in crowed were (3) Correct the passage. Though he only has something simple to eat, he adapted himself to the hard life soon. He often played games with his students at break time. At night, he is busy preparing lessons or checking his students’ homework. The experience helps him make his mind to become a teacher after he graduated from university. 5. _________ 6. _________ 7. _________ 8. _________ had was up graduates Thank you.