新课标2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业51-5NelsonMandela-amodernhero 人教版必修1

新课标2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业51-5NelsonMandela-amodernhero 人教版必修1

课时作业5 1-5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero Ⅰ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。‎ ‎1．Although he is quite old, he leads an ________ life. His ________ include tennis and painting. (active)‎ ‎2．Everyone hopes to be treated ________， because ________ is the basic demand. (equal)‎ ‎3．After retiring from the basketball field, Yao Ming decided to get further ________ (educate) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University.‎ ‎4．Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is ________ (cruelty) to eat animals.‎ ‎5．He offered ________ (guide) to us.‎ ‎6. ________ (hopeful), I'll be able to stay at home for three weeks this time.‎ ‎7．It's ________ (legal) to drive a car without a driver's license.‎ ‎8．He was ________ (devote) to his career.‎ ‎9．It's ________ (fair) to treat women badly.‎ ‎10．Tom is a ________ (self) boy, who always thinks of others.‎ ‎11．He never ________ heart when he was in trouble.‎ ‎12．It was a prison from ________ no one could escape.‎ ‎13．The owner of the garden allowed us ________ (enter) the garden.‎ ‎14．My mother devoted most of her time to ________ (care) for my sick father.‎ ‎15．As ________ matter of fact, he was ________ lawyer.‎ ‎16．Tom was out ________ work at that time.‎ ‎17．He often turned ________ his neighbour for help.‎ ‎18. ________ by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital.‎ ‎19．He was the first man ________ (explore) the outer space.‎ ‎20．The Voice of China has set up a stage ________ some people can realize their dreams.‎ 9‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．active; activities　2.equally; equality　3.education ‎4．cruel　5.guidance　6.Hopefully　7.illegal ‎8．devoted　9.unfair　10.selfless ‎11．lost　lose heart 灰心。‎ ‎12．which　先行词为物，定语从句用介词＋which 引导。‎ ‎13．to enter　allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。‎ ‎14．caring　devote...to doing 把……献给……。‎ ‎15．a; a　as a matter of fact 实际上；a lawyer 一名律师。‎ ‎16．of　out of work 失业。‎ ‎17．to　turn to 向……求助。‎ ‎18．Only ‎19．to explore　序数词后用不定式形式作定语。‎ ‎20．where Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎(2019年吉林省长春市高三一模)‎ Summer is the perfect time to relax. As you plan for your trip, here are some tips on how to protect yourself. __1__．‎ Fight against the mosquitoes in the hot spots.‎ There are many mosquito borne illnesses in tropical regions，which are traditionally vacation hot spots. Therefore，mosquito repellent(驱蚊剂)that contains DEET should be an essential item in your travel bag.‎ ‎__2__．‎ In lesser developed countries there is less equipment for clean water and public health.If you can't avoid unhealthful water，make sure you bring along a tea or coffee—making pot that will boil water for you.You'd better buy a case or two of water and check that all bottle caps are sealed to assure the bottled water isn't just a refilled bottle of dirty tap water.‎ Always protect your feet.‎ 9‎ It's best to wear slippers in the shower，but if you must be barefoot，put a towel down on the floor.__3__．You should never walk barefoot in any area of a foreign country，including your hotel room.‎ Be sure to eat safe fruits.‎ ‎__4__．They may have been washed in the same water，or wiped with the same rag used to clean work surfaces in kitchens.The best advice is to bring your own peeler(削皮器)so that you know that something clean has been applied to the fruit.‎ Enjoy the smell of roadside stands，not the food.‎ Unless the food is piping hot when served，it's best to stay away from roadside stands，no matter how good the smell of the food might be.If you are concerned about whether a restaurant is clean，order the food to go.__5__．‎ A．Don't trust the local water B．Any fruit served fresh may be polluted C．Look out for any water not served in a bottle D．The boxes may be cleaner than the plate or fork on the table E．You should know how to keep yourself away from dirty fruits F．They are necessary to avoid coming back with a major illness from your trip G．Parasites(寄生虫)can enter the skin of your feet and travel to different parts of the body 答案与解析 这篇短文就出游时的自我保护提出一些建议。‎ ‎1．F　考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段提到夏天是放松的最佳时间，这里有一些建议关于如何保护你自己。下文是具体建议。因此F项“他们对于避免在旅途中带着大病回来是有必要的。”符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎2．A　考查上下文理解推理能力。根据下段内容是关于旅游地的水不健康，要自己带水或者煮水的工具，可知A项“不要相信当地的水”可以概括下一段的内容。故选A。‎ ‎3．G　考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段标题“保护好你的脚”以及上句意思提到不要赤脚，可知G项“寄生虫可以进入你脚部的皮肤，并传播到身体的不同部位。”符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎4．B 9‎ ‎　考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段标题“一定要吃安全的水果”以及本段下部分内容：水果可能在同一水里洗，最好用自己的削皮器，可知B项“任何新鲜的水果都可以被污染”放在句首，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎5．D　考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段标题“享受路边摊的气味，而不是食物。”以及本段提到远离路边摊，不管气味多么好，可知D项“这些盒子可能比桌子上的盘子或叉子更干净。”符合语境。故选D。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 The Homeless Hero ‎(2018年高考·北京卷)‎ For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source(来源)of temptation(诱惑). But the __1__ would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith __2__ more remarkable.‎ After spotting a __3__ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the __4__ to return.‎ After hours in the cold and wet, he __5__ inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact(联系)the driver, only to __6__ it contained ￡400 in notes, with another ￡50 in spare change beside it.‎ He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after __7__ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car, which was itself worth ￡35, 000 in Glasgow city centre, they were __8__ to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was __9__．‎ The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his __10__.‎ Mr. Anderson said：“I couldn't believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight __11__ he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and __12__ he didn't take the wallet for himself; he thought about others __13__. It's unbelievable. It just proves there are __14__ guys out there.”‎ Mr. Smith's act __15__ much of the public's attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson __16__ about the act of kindness on Facebook.‎ 9‎ Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to __17__ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8，000. “I think the faith that everyone has shown __18__ him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he's had job __19__ and all sorts，” Mr. Anderson commented.‎ For Mr. Smith, this is a possible lifechanging __20__. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.‎ ‎1．A.hope B．aim C．urge D．effort ‎2．A.still B．even ‎ C．ever D．once ‎3．A.wallet B．bag ‎ C．box D．parcel ‎4．A.partner B．colleague ‎ C．owner D．policeman ‎5．A.turned B．hid ‎ C．stepped D．reached ‎6．A.discover B．collect ‎ C．check D．believe ‎7．A.taking B．leaving C．reading D．writing ‎8．A.satisfied B．excited ‎ C．amused D．shocked ‎9．A.safe B．missing ‎ C．found D．seen ‎10．A.service B．support ‎ C．kindness D．encouragement ‎11．A.when B．if ‎ C．where D．because ‎12．A.rather B．yet 9‎ C．already D．just ‎13．A.too B．though ‎ C．again D．instead ‎14．A.honest B．polite ‎ C．rich D．generous ‎15．A.gave B．paid ‎ C．cast D．drew ‎16．A.learned B．posted ‎ C．cared D．heard ‎17．A.borrow B．raise ‎ C．save D．earn ‎18．A.of B．at ‎ C．for D．in ‎19．A.details B．changes ‎ C．offers D．applications ‎20．A.lesson B．adventure ‎ C．chance D．challenge 答案与解析 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了流浪汉拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪汉看到一辆未关车窗的车内放有钱包，怕钱包被盗，在雨中等待车主两小时。苦等无果，便拿着钱包去警局寻失主。车主获知事件经过，将经历分享到脸谱网上，为该地区流浪汉筹钱，最后流浪汉得到了许多工作机会。‎ ‎1．C　句意： 对很多人而言，找到一个装满400英镑现金且无人看管的钱包都会是种诱惑。而这种欲望对于无家可归、既没食物又没钱的人而言，无疑会更加强烈。A.hope希望； B．aim目标； C．urge强烈的欲望；D.effort努力。由空格前的the可知此处前文提到的temptation(诱惑)，所以此处选择其近义词urge(强烈的欲望)，故答案为C。‎ ‎2．B　句意：这一切使得无家可归的Tom Smith的举动更为不同寻常，引人注目。A.still 仍然； B．even甚至；C.ever曾经；D.once曾经；此处修饰比较级，表示强调，故答案为B。‎ ‎3．A　‎ 9‎ 句意：在发现了在一个没有关窗子的停着的汽车的前排座位上的钱包后，他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主人归来。A.wallet 钱包；B.bag包；C.box盒子；D.parcel包裹。根据第一句提到的an unattended wallet filled with 400 in cash可知是钱包，故答案为A。‎ ‎4．C　句意：他站在雨中差不多两个小时守护着钱包等着主人归来。 A．partner搭档；B.colleague同事；C.owner主人；D.policeman警察；守护着钱包，当然是等它的“owner”，故答案为C。‎ ‎5．D　句意：在寒冷的雨中几个小时后，他把手伸进车里拿出钱包，希望能找到身份证，这样他就可以联系司机了。A.turned转身；B.hid躲藏；C.stepped迈步；D.reached伸手。钱包在车的前排座位上，想要拿到当然需要“伸手”，故答案为D。‎ ‎6．A　句意：却发现里面有400英镑的钞票，旁边还有50英镑的零钱。A.discover发现；B.collect收集；C.check检查；核对；D.believe相信。打开钱包，“发现”里面有钱，故答案为A。‎ ‎7．B　句意：然后，他在留下一张便条告诉车主钱包安全，便带着钱包去了附近的警察局。A.taking带走；B.leaving留下；C.reading读；D.writing写。短语：leave a note/message留便条，故答案为B。‎ ‎8．D　句意：当车主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心价值35 000英镑的汽车停放的位置时，他们惊讶地发现有两个警察站在车的旁边。A.satisfied满意的；B.excited兴奋的；C.amused好笑的；D.shocked震惊的。没有违法却招来了警察，所以感到“震惊”，故答案为D。‎ ‎9．A　句意：警察告诉他们史密斯先生的所作所为，还有他的钱包是安全的。A.safe安全的；B.missing丢失的；C.found被发现的；D.seen被看见的。故答案为A。‎ ‎10．C　句意：后来这两个人感谢史密斯先生的善意之举。A.service服务；B.support支持；C.kindness善行；D.encouragement鼓励；此处指前面提到帮助保护钱包的行为，故答案为C。‎ ‎11．A　句意：既然到他本可以偷了钱并且花钱让自己找一个地方住一晚，但是他今晚还是住在大街上。A.when 考虑到；既然；B.if 如果；C.where哪里；D.because因为；此处是对史密斯拾金不昧的行为的评价，根据句意，故答案为A。‎ ‎12．B　句意：这个男的身无分文，然而他还是没有自己拿走钱包。A.rather相当；B.yet然而；C.already已经；D.just只是；表示转折，故答案为B。‎ ‎13．D 9‎ ‎　句意：他(没有自己拿走钱包)而是想到了别人。A.too也；B.though不过；然而；C.again又；D.instead代替；而不是。根据句意，故答案为D。‎ ‎14．A　句意：这是难以置信的，只是证明了有诚实的人。A.honest诚实的；B.polite有礼貌的；C.rich富有的；D.generous慷慨的。这是对史密斯先生的行为的总结，故答案为A。‎ ‎15．D　句意：史密斯先生的行为吸引了公众大量关注。A.gave给；B.paid支付；C.cast投掷；D.drew吸引。draw one's attention吸引人的注意，故答案为D。‎ ‎16．B　句意：在安德森先生把这一善意之举发布在脸谱网上之后，他也赢得了社交媒体用户的赞誉。A.learned了解到；B.posted张贴；C.cared关心；D.heard听见。此处指在网上发布帖子，故答案为B。‎ ‎17．B　句意：现在安德森先生在网上发起了一个活动，为史密斯先生和这一地区其他无家可归的人募捐。A.borrow借；B.raise募集；C.save节省；D.earn挣；赚。根据下文可知是“募捐”，故答案为B。‎ ‎18．D　句意：我想每个人对他表现出的信任已经感动了他。show/have faith in对……信任；故答案为D。‎ ‎19．C　句意：在街上人们主动接近他，给他提供工作等各种帮助。A.details细节；B.changes变化；C.offers提供；D.applications申请；根据上文提到的人们的募捐，所以此处指人们“主动提供帮助”，故答案为C。‎ ‎20．C　句意：对于史密斯先生而言，这是一个改变人生的机会。A.lesson教训；B.adventure探险；C.chance机会；D.challenge挑战。根据句意，故答案为C。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。‎ 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Last Sunday, I go sightseeing in the Fairy Lake Park.The park was full of beauty, with the sun shining and birds sing.When I was enjoying to the beautiful scenery, ‎ 9‎ something unpleasant caught my eyes.Two young men in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in world.What's worse, they spat or even threw rubbish into the lake, total ignoring the sign “No Littering” nearby.‎ If all visitors to the park does as the young men did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin.I think both of us should mind our behavior in public places.Only by this way can we live in comfortable surroundings.‎ 答案 9‎ 10‎