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2018届二轮复习记叙文写作指导课件(32张)
2018 届 二轮复习 记叙文写作指导 记叙文是最常见、最基本的写作文体 ,是学生学习写作时首先接触的文体。记叙文以真实的社会生活、自然景物为材料,以记人、叙事、状物、写景为主要内容,以叙述、描写和对话为主要表达方式,是通过形象表达思想的一种文体。它包括通讯、特写、故事、传记、游记、历史文献、新闻报导、小品、寓言等等。一般说来,所谓记叙文,就是把人物的经历、行为或发生的事情叙述出来。 考点分析 [ 写人 ] 以 写人为主的记叙文 ,应该注意 肖像描写、行动描写、语言描写、心理描写以及对细节的描写 。考生应根据写作的要求,灵活掌握、突出重点。写作过程中要注意以下几个方面的问题: 技巧指导 1. 要注意 介绍别人要用第三人称来写 ; 自我介绍是介绍自己,所以文章要以第一人称来写 。两种情况不要混用。 2. 正确运用描写人物的词汇和句型。 3. 注意运用正确的时态。 描写人物的外貌、性格、兴趣等常用一般现在时 ,而 描写人物的出生、教育背景、经历、事迹常用一般过去时 。 一、人物简介的一般步骤 ( 概、貌、育、平、估 ) 概况: age, sex, birthplace, background 外貌 / 性格: appearance/character 教育: education 生平: big events in his or her life ( in order of time ) 评估: evaluation 1. 概况 ( 尽量用分词短语、同位语结构,使文章简洁,通顺 ) 。 Born in Guangzhou in 1941 Zhong Nanshan is one of the greatest doctors in China. 2. 外貌,性格 ( 巧用 with 做定语 ) 。 My history teacher is a beautiful woman with two big eyes and long hair . 3 . 教育经历 ( 注意尽量用非谓语动词, 使文章精炼 ) 。 Graduated from the department of English of Zhongshan University , she went on further education and received a doctor's degree. 4. 生平 ( 尽量用复合句倒装,非限定定语从句等,润色文章 ) 。 Not only is he interested in science, but also he has a gift for music. 5. 评估 ( 注意运用一些动词、形容词等短语、词组 ) 。 He is one of the greatest novelists in China and will be always remembered as an outstanding man. [ 叙事 ] 1. 明确 “ 五个 W 和一个 H” 。 要写好记叙文, 首先要确定先写什么,再写什么,最后写什么 ,然后开始布局谋篇。我们可以借用英语新闻写作中经常用到的 “ 五个 W 和一个 H” 的概念, 即 what( 什么事 ) , who( 什么人 ) , when( 什么时候 ) , where( 什么地点 ) , why( 什么原因 ) , how( 怎么样 ) 。整个写作内容的确定、写作材料的筛选,都要围绕这五个 W 和一个 H 进行。 2 .确定写作的人称及顺序。 一般来说, 英语记叙文要以第一人称 (I/we) 和第三人称 (he/she/it/they) 来展开叙述 。第一人称是从 “ 参与者 ” 的角度进行叙述;第三人称是以 “ 观察者 ” 的身份展开叙述,要根据具体情况合理选用。 在确定了人称之后,要确定展开记叙的顺序。 在英语记叙文中,最常用的是按事情发生的时间或空间顺序进行记叙 。就目前中学生的实际英语水平而言, 最值得练习的记叙方法还是按时间顺序 ,因为这种记叙顺序无论从时态,还是连接词、过渡词等方面都比较容易掌握。 3. 注意文章的完整性。 整篇文章要完整,内容全面,详略得当,层次分明,重点突出。 英语记叙文的时态通常为一般过去时,但如果是经常性的事件或自然现象、社会现象,则常用现在时 。 另外,所述事情的情节展开要突出重点、详略有致。可有意识地采用类似 “ 设置悬念 ”“ 前后呼应 ” 等的写作手法,以吸引读者的兴趣。好的记叙文具有描述事件具体、人物形象逼真、故事生动感人的特点。 4. 叙事文写作的一般步骤 1) 交待故事发生的时间、地点与人物。 (1) The expressions of time One day... ; The other day...; Last week...; Last...; A few days / weeks / months ago...; When I was...years old... (2) The expressions of places in my office/in... ; On the way to... (3) 交待时间地点和相关人物的典型句型 Time( 时间 ) + sb ( 人物 )was/ were doing sth in sp( 地点 )when sth/sb did sth ... e.g. I was walking along the park road yesterday afternoon when I saw an old man coming out of the park . 2) 推动情节发展 ( 事情经过 ) 。 (1) 常用词汇 Then; suddenly; immediately; no sooner...than...; Hardly...when...; while; when ; as; not until (2) 常用句型 ① At this very time /moment, sb.did sth . ②Then sb did sth 3) 介绍故事的结果或谈自己的感想。 (1) 常用词汇 At last...; Finally...; To one's surprise... ; Luckily / fortunately; (2) 常用句型 ① Personally, I think that... ②I learn from the story that... ③sth. impressed sb. deeply/ sth left a deep impression on sb . ④This experience remains fresh in my mind and it will remain that way forever. ⑤I learned a lot from..., I'll treasure it. ⑥What an unforgettable experience and I'll treat it as a lesson. 第一步 翻译句子:营造亮点,增色文章 第二步 列提纲:理清要点与层次 第三步 审题目:确定体裁、人称及时态 第四步 注重衔接:确保行文自然流畅 Li Hua , an ________ ( 年龄 ) girl from ________ ( 地点 ), loves ________ ( 爱好 ) and has made 3 copies of notes, which shows her proper reading methods and good habits. She is always ready to ________ ( 特点 ). Li Hua is expert at ________ ( 特点 ) and she is also a ________ ( 特点 ). In this “Reading and Progress” activity, she ________ ( 获什么奖 ) in ________ ( 在什么活动中 ). “Reading can make me progress and English can make me happy ! ” that is what she has learnt from reading. 黄金模板 I still remember how _______________ ( 心情 ) I was _______________ ( 事件发生的时间 ), when I ___________________ ( 什么事件 ). _______________ ( 事件发生的过程 ). The smile shone during the whole day and the following days. A week later, ____________________ ( 事件的结果 ). Thanks to ________________________ , I ________________________ ( 谈谈自己的看法 ). _____( 时间 )is memorable because____( 人物 )had a meaningful experience on that day. In the morning, we ____( 活动一 ). Upon arrival there, we began to _____( 活动二 ). Some were____( 活动三 ) while others were____( 活动四 ). Seeing ____( 活动五 ), we ____( 感受 ). We feel it our duty to____( 动作 ). 第二节:书面表达 请以“ One Thing I’m Proud of” 为题,用英语写一篇 100—120 个词的短文,记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。 要求如下 : 1. 记述事情经过 ; 2. 简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得到的 启示。 注意 : 文章的标题已给出 ( 不计词数 ) 。 2013 浙江 以例说法 第一步:审题目:确定体裁、人称及时态 此表达体裁为 ______________________ 。 人称应为 ______ 人称; 时态为 ________________________ 。 叙事类记叙文 第一 一般现在时或一般将来时 第二步:列提纲:理清要点、分段落与层次 _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 第一段确定事件。 第二段记述事情经过。 第三段简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得 到的启示。 1. 因为惊讶于他们的技能,我决心也像他们一样 好。 a. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ b. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________ Because I was amazed at their wonderful skills, I made up my mind to play as well as them. 第三步:翻译句子:营造亮点,增色文章 Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good. 2. 我确实以此经历为自豪,因为它促使我意识到 我们能发挥潜能,通过努力实现目标。 a. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ b. _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realize that we all can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. I am really proud of this experience, which helps me realize that we can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. One Thing I'm Proud of I still remember how I became a good table tennis player. The first day I went to high school, I saw some of my classmates playing table tennis. Amazed at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good. Later on, I often watched them carefully to learn their techniques.Then I kept practising until I became confident enough to challenge the good players. At the end of the term I became one of the best players in my class. 第四步:注重衔接:确保行文自然流畅 I am really proud of this experience, because it helps me realize that we all can fulfill our potential and achieve our goals through hard work. It also helps me better understand the proverb "Practice makes perfect." 以例说法 2012 广东 你接受了一项写作任务,要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。 [ 写作内容 ] 请根据以下信息,介绍一位传奇人物。 * 硕士学位: master's degree; 博士: doctor [ 写作要求 ] 只能用 5 个句子表达全部内容。 姓名: Allan Stewart 国籍:澳大利亚 出生日期: 1915 年 3 月 7 日 世界纪录: 2006 年获硕士学位时年龄最大 学习态度:挑战自我,永远为时不晚。 第一个学位: 1936 年获得 第二个学位:医学博士 第三个学位: 80 多岁时决定学习法律, 2006 年获得硕 士学位。 第四个学位: 2012 年通过网络学习获得,善于合理安 排学习时间,受到老师表扬。 第一步:审题目:确定体裁、人称及时态 此表达体裁为 ______________________ 。 人称应为 ______ 人称; 时态为 ________________________ 。 写人记叙文 第三 一般过去时和一般现在时 第二步:列提纲:理清要点与层次 __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ 介绍 Allan Stewart 的基本情况; Allan Stewart 的学习态度; Allan Stewart 的学位获得情况。 1 . Allan Stewart 是澳大利亚人,出生于 1915 年 3 月 7 日, 2006 年获硕士学位时年龄最大。 a. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________ b. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ Allan Stewart, an Australian old man, born on March 7, 1915, is already the holder of the world record for being the oldest graduate. Allan Stewart, who is from Australia, was born on March 7, 1915 and he is still the oldest of those getting a master’s degree. 第三步:翻译句子:营造亮点,增色文章 2. 他在 80 多岁时决定学习法律,并在 2006 年获得了第 三个学位 —— 博士学位。 a. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ b. _______________________________________ ______________________________________ _______________________________________ When he was over eighty, he made up his mind to study law, and in 2006 he got his third degree, that is, the master’s degree. He decided to study law in his eighties, and he got the master’s degree in 2006, which was his third degree. Allan Stewart, an Australian old man, born on March 7, 1915, is already the holder of the world record for being the oldest graduate. He thinks it is never too late to challenge oneself to achieve something worthwhile. He got his first degree in 1936, later along with a doctor's degree of medicine. He decided to study law in his eighties, and he got the master's degree in 2006, which was his third degree. In 2012, he received his fourth degree by network learning, who was praised for his proper arrangement on his study schedule. 第四步:注重衔接:确保行文自然流畅查看更多