高考英语听力必备场景词汇集萃

高考英语听力必备场景词汇集萃

高考英语听力必备场景词汇集萃 ‎     高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。‎ ‎（1）餐馆场景：‎ order 点菜 serve 上菜 change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了！ tip 小费 treat 请客 （This is my treat! 我请客！）go Dutch AA制 (Let’s go fifty fifty. ) steak 牛排 cheese奶酪 sandwich 三明治 bacon 腌肉 soup 汤 plain water 自来水（西餐中洗手用的）doughnut 多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物 dessert甜品，水果（作为正餐的最后一道） go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街；大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包 coke 可口可乐 French fries 炸薯条 dining hall ;coffee shop ;restaurant ;cafeteria ;canteen; buffet 自助餐 ‎（2）邮局场景：‎ stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹 overweight 超重 extra postage 额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 express mail 快件 airmail 航空信件 surface mail 陆地邮寄open an account 开一个帐户 ‎（3）图书馆场景：‎ library card; borrow; lend; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction科幻小说；magazine; periodical期刊； reference book; librarian 图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you?‎ ‎（4）医院及健康场景：‎ aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take one’s temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 medicine: pills / tablets药丸/药片 heart attack 心脏病 cold / flu 流感：have/catch a cold; pain; headache; stomach-ache; backache; sore-throat喉咙痛 cough; fever。What’s up? (多用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答：I’m fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。（注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快； 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。）‎ ‎（5）电话场景：‎ operator 接线员 Extension six two two six, please. 请转6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please. Hello! This is …speaking. Who’s speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb. ;give sb. a call/ ring I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I couldn’t get through. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.‎ （6） 酒店场景：‎ make a reservation 预定房间;reception desk 接待处;check in 入住;check out 结帐;single room 单间;a double room双人间;room key房间钥匙;ID card 身份证;reception服务台;receptionist 服务员;suite套间;Do you have a reservation Sir? 先生，您预订了吗? Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?)有空房间吗? All the room are occupied. 房间已满。Can I have a suite please?有套间吗?How much do you charge for that? 如何收费?Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟?Meals included. 包括饮食。Can I show you your room? 我可以带你去你的房间?Can I carry your luggage? 我可以帮你提行李吗?‎ ‎（7）超速场景：‎ speeding May I see your license, please? You will be fined by $20.‎ ‎（8）购物场景：‎ store 杂货店 department store 百货商场 shopping center 购物中心 商品信息：size; color; style; price What color/size/kind do you want? 商品论贵贱expensive, cheap 价格论高低high, low bargain便宜货 popular / fashionable 流行的 in fashion 流行，时尚 out of fashion 过时的 brand 品牌 counter 柜台 pay in cash 用现金支付 pay in check 用支票支付 credit card 信用卡 shop assistant 商店营业员 out of stock 脱销/缺货 in stock 有货 ‎（9）天气场景：‎ cloudy 阴天 overcast 多云 thunder 打雷 strong/ high wind 大风 tornado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风 storm 风暴 blizzard暴风雨 It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨。downpour倾盆大雨 shower 阵雨 clear up 天空放晴 put away clothes 下雨收衣服 weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气 weather in California 意指好天气 经常和天气相联系的情况：vacation 和 flight（航班） （be delayed/canceled by the bad weather）‎ ‎（10）机场场景：‎ flight 航班 Welcome on board 欢迎登机 bound for…飞往……方向去的 check in 办理登机手续 behind schedule 晚点 take off 起飞land降落   ‎ 听力常见词汇及句型 一级重要词汇 名词: reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception ,desk, register/registration/book rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a king’s room, shower, deadline,‎ 动词：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate,‎ 形容词：available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual,‎ 副词：definitely, down, though, slightly,‎ 词组：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock,‎ 句型：1.Then all set 一切妥当2.Take your time. 3.Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder…5.It’s a deal. 6.You’re kidding. 7.Can we make it…? 8.That’s the way it is. 9.It depends.    10.It’s not intended for scientists, either.‎ ‎1、月份 ‎12 months：‎ January Jan.        February Feb.          March Mar.          April Apr.‎ May May.          June Jun.              July Jul.            August Aug.‎ September Sep（t）. October Oct.           November Nov.     December Dec.‎ ‎2、星期 Seven days：‎ Sunday Sun.       Monday Mon.       Tuesday Tue.       Wednesday Wed（s）.‎ Thursday Thu.      Friday Fri.          Saturday Sat.‎ ‎3、交通 Traffic， plane， bus， car， train， subway（underground）， boat， ship， taxi， transportation， timetable， journey，speed，‎ ‎4、货币（钱）‎ U. S Dollar， Hong Kong Dollar （HK$）， yuan， RMB￥ ， pound （￡）， pocket change， coin， check， cash， credit card， bank，‎ ‎5、地点（情景用语）‎ 餐馆（restaurant）用语：‎ meal， menu， bill， order， tip， hamburger， sandwich， soup， dish， beer， soft drink， fully booked，等；‎ 医院（hospital）用语：‎ take medicine， temperature， pill， headache， fever， blood pressure， waiting room，‎ 宾馆（hotel）用语：‎ single room， double room， room number， room service， check in， check out， lift / elevator 邮局（post office）用语：‎ mail， deliver， stamp， envelope， telegram， postage等；‎ 机场（airport）用语：‎ flight， take off， land， luggage， China Airline， information desk， boarding， customs， departure time， arrival，等；‎ 车站（station）用语：‎ round trip， single trip， sleeping car， ticket， fair， conductor， 等；‎ 商店（shop）用语：‎ on sale， size， color， price， change， customer， expensive， cheap， discount，‎ 学校（school）用语：‎ exam， course， dining hall， playground， library， lab， degree， foreign language，‎ 家庭（family）用语：‎ relatives， relationship， reunion， uncle， parents， aunt， family-get-together， generation ‎6、节日 holiday， festival， Mid-autumn Day， May Day， National Day， Teachers‘ Day， Children’s Day， Mother（Father）‘s Day，New Year， Christmas Day， Thanksgiving Day， Easter ，Halloween， Valentine’s Day，‎ ‎7、体育 Basketball， football ，volleyball， baseball， tennis， table-tennis， badminton running ， swimming， shooting， fishing， surfing，skating ，rock climbing， jumping， gym， stadium，‎ ‎8、娱乐 concert， show， exhibition， film， movie， play， theatre， museum， music， entertainment， band， chess， amusement park， nightclub， picnic， bowling，‎ ‎9、职业 clerk ， secretary， manager ， boss， professor， lawyer， businessman， driver， doctor nurse， headmaster， headmistress，librarian， engineer， technician， farmer， policeman policewoman， coach，‎ ‎10、健康（问题）‎ ‎        health， gain weight， lost weight， keep fit， balanced diet， smoking， Aids， Sars，‎ ‎11、时间 ‎        Century， year， month， week， day， hour， minute， second， yesterday， today， tomorrow， weekend，At noon，morning， afternoon， evening， night，‎ ‎        12、科目 ‎        Chinese Mathematics English ‎        Physics Chemistry Biology ‎        Politics History Geography ‎        Arts Music Physical Education （P E）‎ ‎        13、国籍（nationality）‎ ‎        Chinese， Japanese， German， French， American， Australian， Englishman， Russian， New-Zealander，Canadian，Italian， Spanish，‎ ‎        14、主要国家、地区、城市 ‎        The People‘s Republic of China，Beijing ，The United States of America，USA ，New York，Chicago ，The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ，U.K，London ，France，Paris， Germany， Berlin， Australia， Canberra / Sydney，Japan， Tokyo， Canada ，Toronto/ Ottawa， Italy ， Rome， Spain ， Madrid ， Russia ， Moscow， Europe，‎ ‎        15、数（量）词 ‎        Million， thousand， hundred， dozen， score， decade， first， second， third， forth， fifth， eighth， ninth， twelfth，twentieth，‎ ‎        16、科技 ‎        computer， surf the Internet， technology， science， information， e-mail， download， on line， off line， clone， robot，cell phone/ mobile phone， satellite， spaceship， fax，‎ ‎        17、Clothes（衣物）‎ ‎        clothing ， dress， suit， evening dress， jacket， shirt ，skirt， T-shirt， trousers pants， shorts， blouse， sweater，coat， overcoat， tie， socks， stockings， shoes， boots hat ， cap ，uniform ‎        18、Food and drinks（食物与饮料）‎ ‎ hamburger， sandwich（es）， bread， flour， milk， pork， beef， lamb， chicken ， fish， rice， vegetable， black-tea， green-tea ， coffee， black coffee， wine， alcohol， soft drinks 听力场景相关词汇与句型：‎ ‎1) 常见说话者之间的关系及相关关键词 对于人物职业和关系题，考生应特别注意说话者的用词及相互间的称呼，还要留意是否使用敬语，而且不同职业的人用语也不同，例如waitress会谈到menu，food，order，drink等词，下面列举一些常见的有关关系以及职业的关键词。‎ ‎① teachers and students(师生之间)‎ 关键词：‎ quit school 休学 make-up exam 补考 drop out 退学 exam(考试)，‎ quiz(测验)，‎ term paper(学期论文)，‎ homework／assignment(家庭作业)，‎ course／lesson(课程)，‎ credit(学分)；‎ ‎② classmates(同学之间)‎ 关键词：‎ student’s union(学生会)，‎ student center(学生活动中心)，‎ dormitory(学生宿合)，‎ absent from school(缺课)，‎ note(笔记)；‎ ‎③ librarian and student(图书馆员与学生之间)‎ 关键词：‎ loan desk 借书处 library card 借书证 stacks 书库 periodical 期刊 circulation desk 借书处 journal 专业性刊物 library catalogue 图书馆的图书目录 fiction／novel(小说)，‎ reference book(参考书)，‎ reading room(阅览室)，‎ magazine(杂志)，‎ renew(续借)，‎ due(到期)；‎ ‎④ shop assistant and customer(售货员与顾客)‎ 关键词：‎ auction，sale 便宜货 selling season 畅销季节 dresser's 服饰店 fabric 织物，织品 marked price 标价 pattern 花纹、式样、图案 make ends meet 收支平衡 check-out stand 付款柜台 return purchase 退货 receipt 发票 one price 不还价 cash or charge? 付现金还是支票?‎ ready-made 成衣 Are you done? 就买这些吗?(也有“吃完了吗?”的意思)‎ bargain(讨价还价)，‎ fashion(服饰)，‎ receipt(收据)，‎ cashier(收银员)，‎ check-out stand(结账台)，‎ department store(百货公司)，‎ supermarket(超市)，‎ discount(折扣)，‎ cash(现金)，‎ credit card(信用卡)；‎ ‎⑤ waiter／waitress and diner(侍者和客人)‎ 关键词：‎ appetizer 开胃的菜或饮料 tray 餐盘 seasoning 调味 well-done 全熟的 rare 半熟的 buffet 自助餐(台)‎ cafeteria 自助餐厅 paper napkin 餐巾纸 May I take your order now? 您现在点菜吗?‎ We've jammed， 我们已经客满了。‎ May we have a table, please? 请给我们一张桌位好吗?‎ menu(菜单)，‎ order（点菜），‎ food(食品)，‎ dessert(甜点)，‎ salad(沙拉)，‎ soup(汤)，‎ coffee(咖啡)，‎ soft drink(软饮料)，‎ wine(酒)；‎ ‎⑥ doctor and patient(医生和病人)‎ 关键词：‎ pneumonia 肺炎 indigestion 消化不良 hepatitis 肝炎 first-aid kit 急救箱 tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 gauze 沙布 ulcer 溃疡 stethoscope 听诊器 itch，itchy 痒 inpatient department住院部 TB (tuberculosis)肺结核 wards 病房 burns 烧伤 inoculate 打预防针 strain 扭伤 give first-aid treatment 急救 fever(发烧)，‎ catch a cold(感冒)，‎ cough(咳嗽)，‎ headache(头痛)，‎ prescription(药方)，‎ doctor(医生)，‎ toothache(牙痛)，‎ What’s the matter with you?(你哪不舒服?)；‎ ‎⑦ host／hostess and guest(主人和客人)‎ 关键词：‎ invitation(邀请)，‎ dinner(晚餐)，‎ help yourself(自便)，‎ delicious(美味的)，‎ have a wonderful evening(过一个愉快的晚上)；‎ ‎2) 与时间、数字相关的常用词汇及表达方式 百hundred 千thousand 百万million 十亿billion 前天 the day before yesterday 后天the day after tomorrow 每隔一天every other day或every two days;‎ 每天daily 每周weekly 每月monthly 每年annual/yearly ‎10年decade ‎100年century 提前5分钟 five minutes early/ahead of time/ahead of schedule, early by 5 minutes, etc.‎ 推迟/迟到8分钟 eight minutes late/behind schedule, late by eight minutes, to be delayed/ postponed for eight minutes, etc.‎ 美元dollar 美分cent 英镑pound 便士penny 欧元European dollar/euro 钞票bill 硬币coin 零钱change ‎$ 18.26 eighteen dollars twenty-six cents或 eighteen twenty-six 打折on sale/discount 六折at a 60 % discount 半价half price 两倍double 三倍triple ‎3）与容量、重量、长度相关的词汇 加仑gallon 品脱pint 盎司ounce 夸脱quart 磅pound 英尺foot/feet(pl.)‎ 英寸inch 码yard 英里 mile ‎4) 校园 campus校园 dorm(dormitory)宿舍 student ID学生证 teaching building教学楼 dinning hall餐厅 clinic诊所，医务室 laboratory实验室 gym(gymnasium)体育馆 playground操场 registration注册 academic year学年 term/semester学期 teaching assistant助教 lecturer讲师 professor教授 freshman大一新生 sophomore大二学生 junior大三学生 senior大四学生 undergraduate本科生 graduate/postgraduate研究生 doctorate student博士生 full-time student全日制学生 required／compulsory course必修课 optional／elective course选修课 majors主修科目 major in主修 minors辅修科目 minor in辅修 credit hours学时 credits 学分 tuition 学费 research paper研究报告 teaching practice教育实习 graduate 毕业 thesis／essay／dissertation 论文 diploma文凭，毕业证书 bachelor’s degree学士学位 master’s degree硕士学位 doctor’s degree博士学位 quiz／test 小测验 mid-term exam期中考试 final期末考试 make-up exam补考 fail in the examination考试不及格 entrance exam入学考试 scholarship奖学金 ‎5）图书馆 reading room阅览室 magazine杂志 publication出版物 periodical期刊 fiction／novel小说 latest issue新刊 current issue现刊 back issue过刊 reference room资料室 bibliography参考书目 stacks书库 book shelves书架 open-shelf system开架 look up查找 library card借书证 loan desk借书处 due到期 renew续借 overdue超期 pay the fine罚款 ‎6) 邮电局 mail category 邮件种类 surface mail；regular平信 express letter 快信 mail邮件 registered letter挂号信 Express Mail Service(EMS)邮政特快专递 urgent letter急件 telegram电报 postcard明信片 package包裹 parcel form 包裹单 weight 重量 overweight超重 stamp邮票 postage邮资 money order邮政汇票 remittance汇款 remitter 汇款人 money order 汇票 make a phone call打电话 area code区域代号 local call市内电话 collect call对方付费电话 distance call／trunk call长途电话 operator总台，接线员 international airmail 国际航空邮件 insurance 保险(费)‎ declaration value 保价金额 postal code；zip code邮政编码 customs charge 验关费；报关费 printed matter 印刷品 sender 寄件人 receiver 收件人 receipt for mail 邮件收据 telegram 电报 to claim parcels 领包裹 postage 邮费 date and time of posting交寄日期时间 ‎7) 商店 Can I help you?／What can I do for you? 能为您效劳吗?‎ receipt收款，收据 department store百货公司 Gentleman’s Department男子用品部 Lady’s Department妇女用品部 Sportswear Department体育用品部 elevator 电梯 supermarket超市 escalator电动扶梯 price tag标价签 trolley手推车 daily necessities 日用品 fashion式样，款式 texture(织物的)质地 out of style过时的 in fashion流行的 brand牌子，商标 sweater毛衣，运动衫 jeans牛仔裤 jacket夹克，护套 shop assistant售货员 cashier收银员 bargain讨价还价 ‎8) 餐馆 waiter/waitress服务生 menu菜单 order点菜 main course主菜 dish菜 soup汤 soft drink软饮料 dessert甜点 salad沙拉 bill帐单 tip小费 go Dutch各付各的帐 ‎9) 医院 registration office挂号处 registration fee挂号费 wards病房 operation room手术室 dentist牙医 doctor医生 physician内科医生 surgeon外科医生 in poor condition/shape(身体状况)不适 suffer from患?病 come down with害病，得病 lose appetite没胃口 fever发烧 flu(influenza)流感 get a temperature发烧 catch a cold着凉 sore throat喉咙痛 stomachache胃痛 splitting headache头痛欲裂 toothache牙痛 indigestion消化不良 dizzy眩晕的 feel one’s pulse把脉 diagnosis诊断 take a temperature量体温 write out a prescription／prescribe开处方 pills药丸 dose剂量，服用量 capsule胶囊 tablet药丸片剂 ‎10) 银行 open an account开户 account number账号 passbook／folder银行存折 deposit money存款 withdraw／draw取款 interest利息 interest rate利率 exchange rate兑换率 deposit account／fixed account定期存款 savings account活期储蓄存款户头 currency货币 foreign currency外币 cash现金 check支票 credit card信用卡 bank clerk银行职员 overdraft 透支 balance 结余 finance 融通 endorse 背书 ‎11) 机场 information booth 询问处 restricted articles 禁带物品 cabin door 机舱门 transit passenger 过境旅客 gate 登机门 connection 中转 first class 一等舱 difference in time 时差 economy class 经济舱 airsick 晕机 single ticket 单程票 buckle 扣住 return ticket 回程票 flight航班 direct flight直达航班 airline／airways航空公司 ticket office售票处 ticket agency机票代理商 book a ticket订票 baggage／luggage行李 boarding card／pass登机卡 boarding gate登机口 stewardess空姐 fasten the seatbelt系安全带 airsick晕机 first class头等舱 economy class经济舱 take off起飞 land着陆 departure time 离开时间 arrival time到达时间 passport护照 visa签证 go through the formalities办理手续 luggage check行李检查 ‎12) 火车站 waiting-room候车室 information desk问讯处 platform 月台，站台 sleeping car卧铺车厢 one-way ticket 单程票 round-trip/return ticket双程票 ‎13) 宾馆 front desk／reception desk前台；接待处 lounge 门厅，休息室 make a room reservation预定房间 book a room订房 single room with a bath带浴室的单人房 double rooms双人房 suite套房，套间 receptionist接待员 attendant侍者 check in 登记(住宿)‎ registration form 登记表 check out结账 pay in cash现金支付 pay by check支票支付 Hotel: reception, vacant beds, single room, double room, book a room, bath, lavatory, occupy a room, full, front desk, porter, tip Library: borrow, lend, latest issue, card, catalogue, call number, due, over-due, fine, novel, renew, fiction, magazine, bookshelf Meeting: for (支持), against (反对), proposal, report, speech, suggest, disagree, agree, decide, point out, argue, chairman, conclusion Post office: mail, post, postage, stamp, parcel, telegram, urgent cable, airmail, registered letter, money order Restaurant: reservation, bar, order, soft drink, dessert, salad, soup, menu, bread, potato, tomato, tablesalt, toast beef, meat, mutton, chicken, fry, pie, cake, I'm full, bill, waiter, waitress, go Dutch Store: size, colour, style, price, cost, cheap, What can I do for you? How much does it cost? fashion, expensive, counter, department, check out, brand, fresh, cash, pay, shop girl, assistant School: department, Bachelor's degree. Master's degree, Doctor's degree, Campus, lecture,dormitory, semester, term, playground, dining-hall, swimming-pool, courses, foreign language, gym, midterm exam, final exam, clinic, professor, assistant, lecturer, lab, test, required courses, selective courses, credit hour Bank: draw on one's account(开户) , pay interest on ..., open an account, interest rate, Foreign Exchange Certificate, RMB, fixed deposit(定期存款) , current account(活期存款款帐户 ) , bank clerk Barber's: haircut, hairstyle, hairdresser, shave, moustache, beard, spray, shampoo The Customs House: pay duty on ?, duty free(免税) , free of charge, fill in the form Dance: disco, fox-trot, dance with, have a ball, party, May I have the pleasure of next dance?‎ Hospital: pain, cough, fever, vomit, a headache, stomachache, temperature, heart, lung, blood-pressure, take medicine, pills, tablet