高考英语精练复习10

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高考英语精练复习10

Unit 5 First aid Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1.A serious lack of water is a real________(屏障,障碍) for people wanting to settle in the desert.‎ 答案: barrier ‎2.My toothache is________(难以忍受的),so I must go to see my dentist.‎ 答案: unbearable ‎3.Although it was a________(复杂的) problem,he solved it in a very simple way.‎ 答案: complex ‎4.As everybody knows,cancer doesn’t show any________(症状) in its early stages.‎ 答案: symptoms ‎5.These days,I can’t fall asleep because the coming final exam is putting great________(压力) on me.‎ 答案: pressure ‎6.The bridge was damaged by a flood,so a________(临时的) one was built in its place.‎ 答案: temporary ‎7.The heart is one of the most important________(器官) in our bodies.‎ 答案: organs ‎8.When the doctor applied the________(绷带) to my eyes I couldn’t see anything.‎ 答案: bandage ‎9.Last week,Mr Black attended his son’s graduation ________ (典礼).‎ 答案: ceremony ‎10.The old man that suffered a heart attack was immediately taken to hospital by an________(救护车).‎ 答案: ambulance Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1.first            急救 ‎2.electric     触电;电休克 ‎3.over and over     反复;多次 ‎4.a of    若干;许多 ‎5.carry     进行,开展 ‎6. ...from/against    保护……以免受侵害 ‎7.fall     生病 ‎8.squeeze     榨出;挤出 aid shock again number out protect ill out ‎9. place    在适当的位置;适当 ‎10. one’s hands on    找到 ‎11.belong     属于 ‎12.make a     有影响,产生差别 in put to difference Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。‎ Remove clothing using scissors ________ ________ ________ it is stuck to the burn.‎ 答案: if necessary unless ‎ ‎2.约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。‎ John________ ________in his room________he heard screaming.‎ 答案: was studying;when ‎3.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。‎ ‎________ ________John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案: It was;that ‎4.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,使得斯莱德女士得救了。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 答案: There is no doubt that ‎5.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 ‎ It shows that a knowledge of first aid can________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案: make a real difference aid n.& vt.帮助,援助;资助 教材原句P33:First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎①We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in the earthquake in Sichuan‎ ‎Province.‎ 我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。‎ ‎②An EnglishChinese Dictionary is an important aid in learning English.一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。‎ ‎③With the aid of our English teacher,we have made great progress this term.‎ 在英语老师的帮助下,这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎④I didn’t speak any French,but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.‎ 我不会说法语,不过一个好心人帮了我的忙,告诉我怎么走。 ‎ ‎⑤I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.‎ 我帮助这个可怜的女孩继续她的学业。‎ ‎1.完成句子 They collected a lot of money__________________________(以帮助那位可怜的小女孩).‎ 答案: in aid of the poor girl vital adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的 教材原句P35:If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤,至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎(1)be vital for/to sth.对……极重要的 ‎(2)在It is vital that句型中,that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气,‎ 即(should)+动词原形。‎ ‎①Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.‎ 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。‎ ‎②Richard played a vital role in the team’s success.‎ 理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。‎ ‎③It’s vital that we (should) carry out the operation immediately.我们应立即开始手术,因为这是生死攸关的。‎ ‎2.完成句子 众所周知阅读在语言学习中至关重要。‎ It is known to us that reading____________________in language learning.‎ 答案: is of vital importance treat vt.‎& vi.治疗;对待;款待;n.款待;招待 教材原句P38:John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎①We treat each other as brothers and sisters.‎ 我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。‎ ‎②He is seriously ill,and is being treated in hospital now.‎ 他病得很重,现在在医院接受治疗。‎ ‎③She treated each of the children to an icecream.‎ 她请每个孩子吃了个冰激凌。‎ ‎④Let’s go out for dinner—my treat this time.‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧!——这次我请客。‎ ‎3.—Let’s go Dutch for this supper,OK?‎ ‎—No,________this time,as a reward for all your help.‎ A.it’s up to you    B.it’s my treat C.let’s talk about it   D.it doesn’t matter 解析: 句意为:“这顿晚饭让我们AA制吧。”“不,这次由我请客,作为对你的帮助的回报。”A项意为“由你做决定”;B项意为“由我请客”;C项意为“让我们讨论一下”;D项意为“没关系”。‎ 答案: B apply v.应用;运用;申请;请求 教材原句P38:He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ apply for申请,请求 apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物 apply to适用于 apply oneself to致力于,集中精力于 ‎①I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.‎ 我想申请成为你们公司的助理。‎ ‎②She applied for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她应聘英语教师的工作。‎ ‎③We had to apply to the government for financial help.‎ 我们只好向政府申请财务援助。‎ ‎④What you said doesn’t apply to me.你所说的并不适合我。‎ ‎⑤You’d better apply yourself to your study.你最好专心学习。‎ ‎4.(2009·浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they______ very easily to new environments.‎ A.adapt    B.appeal C.attach    D.apply 解析: 句意为:作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语,意为“适应”。‎ 答案: A ‎5.(2011·江西吉安模拟)Now a lot of new technologies can ________ problems in industry.‎ A.be applied to solve   B.be applied to solving C.apply to solve    D.apply to solving 解析: 考查动词搭配。apply...to...表示“把……应用到……上”,其中to为介词。‎ 答案: B in place在适当的位置;适当 教材原句P35:Hold the bandage in place with tape.‎ 用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎①I like to have everything in place.‎ 我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。‎ ‎②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place.‎ 只要你保证把书放回原处,书架上的书你可以随意看。‎ out of place不适当的 in one’s place处在某人的位置上 take the place of sb.=take one’s place代替某人的位置 ‎③Being poor,he felt completely out of place among those rich people.他出生贫寒,处在富人圈中让他感到很不适宜。‎ ‎④If I had been in your place,I might have accepted the invitation.我要是处在你的位置,我可能接受了这份邀请。‎ ‎⑤It’s likely that computers will take the place of mankind in the future.有可能未来电脑将代替人类。 ‎ ‎6.Don’t take anything away.Father likes____________________(一切东西摆放得有条理).‎ 答案: everything to be in place make a difference区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用 教材原句P38:It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎①It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。‎ ‎②Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could make a difference.‎ 谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要,让我知道我可以产生影响。‎ ‎(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或 ‎ 影响,对某人/物不重要/不要紧 make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人 /物有些作用或影响 ‎(2)tell the difference 分辨,区分,区别 ‎③Does it make any difference whether she will come to our party?‎ 她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗?‎ ‎④That makes no difference to me what you say.‎ 你说什么对我都没关系。‎ ‎⑤It won’t make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今天还是明天走没有多大关系。‎ ‎⑥The twins are so alike;it’s difficult to tell the difference.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了,很难分出谁是谁。‎ ‎7.—Does he know which team wins?‎ ‎—No,it makes no________to him which team wins,because he doesn’t care about it at all.‎ A.different    B.difference C.attention    D.excuse 解析: no后接名词,排除A;attention要与动词pay搭配;make excuse to“向某人道歉”,不合题意;make no difference to sb.意为“对某人没有影响”。‎ 答案: B Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上,否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话,可以使用剪刀。‎ unless是连词,意为“除非,如果不”,引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句,从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。‎ ‎①We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.‎ 除非下雨或天很冷,我们将在本周日去公园野餐。‎ ‎②We’ll go out for a tour this Sunday,unless it rains.‎ ‎=If it doesn’t rain,we’ll go out for a tour this Sunday.‎ 除非下雨,否则这个星期日我们将出去郊游。‎ ‎③Unless you’ve tried it,you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.‎ 除非你尝试一下,否则你无法想像那是多么令人愉快。‎ ‎8.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The little boy won’t go to sleep________his mother tells him a story.‎ A.or    B.unless C.but    D.whether 解析: 句意为:除非妈妈给他讲故事,否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者,否则;unless除非;but但,除……之外;whether 是否。根据语境可知,这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。‎ 答案: B ‎9.It is known to all that________you exercise regularly,you won’t keep good health.‎ A.unless    B.whenever C.although    D.if 解析: 这是一个由unless引导的条件句,从句一般用现在时,主句用将来时。whenever和although引导让步状语从句,if引导条件句。‎ 答案: A John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。‎ when在此作并列连词用,意为“正在这时;那时”,构成并列句,这时前面的分句常用过去进行时、过去完成时,或was/were about to do。‎ be doing...when...正在……这时……‎ be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……‎ be just going to do...when...正要……这时……‎ be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时 ‎①I was walking along the stream when I met my English teacher.我在沿着小溪散步时遇到了我的英语老师。‎ ‎②I was about to go out when the telephone rang.‎ 我正打算出去,这时电话响了。 ‎ ‎③I was on the point of calling him when he came in.‎ 我正要给他打电话,这时他进来了。‎ ‎④We was about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。‎ ‎⑤We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题,这时停电了。‎ ‎10.She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out ________ she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.‎ A.while    B.when C.before    D.after 解析: 句意为:她猛地睁开眼睛,刚要哭,这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型,其中的when为并列连词,相当于and at that time。‎ 答案: B ‎11.—Where’s that report?‎ ‎—I brought it to you________you were in Mr Black’s office yesterday.‎ A.if    B.when C.because    D.before 解析: 句意为 :“那份报告在哪里?”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据语意判断,此处应为时间状语,故选when。‎ 答案: B Ⅰ.选词填空 fall ill;over and over again;make a difference;prevent...from;a variety of;stick to;take part in;no doubt ‎1.That my neighbor sang the same song__________________ ______every day really annoyed me.‎ 答案: over and over again ‎2.Due to his injuries,Tom didn’t__________________the school sports meet.‎ 答案: take part in ‎3.Parents are always trying their best to________their children ________being hurt.‎ 答案: prevent;from ‎4.Students should be encouraged to attend_________ _________afterschool activities.‎ 答案: a variety of ‎5.Jack__________________this morning so he had to go to hospital.‎ 答案: fell ill ‎6.She__________________what she said in yesterday’s meeting and nobody can change her mind.‎ 答案: sticks to ‎7.The words spoken by our teacher in class will________ ________to us all.‎ 答案: make a difference ‎8.There is__________________that body language is a very important means of communication.‎ 答案: no doubt Ⅱ.情景交际 ‎1.(2010·辽宁卷)—I’ll do the washingup.Jack,would you please do the floors?‎ ‎—________.‎ A.Yes,please       B.No,I don’t C.Yes,sure    D.No,not at all 解析: 第一个人说:“我来洗餐具。杰克,你来拖地板,好吗?”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。‎ 答案: C ‎2.(2010·安徽卷)—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?‎ ‎—________,does it?‎ A.It takes no time    B.It counts for nothing C.It doesn’t hurt to ask    D.It doesn’t make sense 解析: 根据答语中的反意疑问部分可知前半句是否定句,由此可排除前两项。C项的意思是“问一下没关系”,符合语境。‎ 答案: C ‎3.(2010·安徽卷)—________?‎ ‎—That would be great!Please drop me off at the library.‎ A.Could you bring me the bill B.Would you like me to give you a lift C.Could you tell me the postcode for ‎Paris D.Would you like to have my email address 解析: 答语的第二句提到说话人想让对方在图书馆处让其下车,由此可知对方想让说话人搭便车。‎ 答案: B ‎4.(2010·天津卷)—Excuse me,I wonder if you can help me?‎ ‎—Sure.________?‎ A.What help    B.What is this C.What is it    D.What do you want 解析: 句意为:——打扰一下,你能帮我吗?——当然可以。帮什么忙?C项符合语境,其中it指代谈话双方都知道的事情。‎ 答案: C ‎5.(2010·天津卷)—Professor Johnson,I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.‎ ‎—________.How about next week?‎ A.Good for you    B.It won’t bother me C.Not at all    D.That’s OK 解析: That’s OK表示理解和宽容,意为“那没关系”。Not at all是感谢的应答语。‎ 答案: D Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——省略 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1. (2011·唐山二模)The global warming,if not properly________,might lead to more natural disasters.‎ A.was controlled    B.controlled C.to control    D.being controlled 解析: 考查省略。句意为:全球变暖,如果不适当控制,可能导致更多的自然灾难。if ‎ not properly controlled是if it is not properly controlled的省略。‎ 答案: B ‎2.(2011·重庆第二次诊断)She left home without dinner as if ________.‎ A.she is angry    B.being angry C.to be angry    D.angry 解析: 考查as if从句的省略。在as if引导的方式状语从句中,如果从句中的动词是be,通常将从句中的主语和动词be省略,而保留as if+形容词、分词、动词不定式等。题干为She left home without dinner as if (she was) angry,从句省略后保留表语angry。‎ 答案: D ‎3.(2011·郑州第二次检测)You can go to the party with us if you________.‎ A.want to    B.want to do C.want it    D.want to go 解析: 考查动词不定式的省略。句意为:你可以和我们一起参加派对,如果你愿意的话。前文出现了动词短语go to the party,因此在if引导的状语从句中可以只保留动词不定式符号to。‎ 答案: A ‎4.(2010·绵阳市第三次诊断)If you go to Jiuzhaigou Valley today,you will find it more attractive than commonly________.‎ A.supposing    B.to suppose C.being supposed    D.supposed 解析: 考查非谓语动词的用法。suppose与其逻辑主语it是动宾关系,所以用过去分词形式表被动。‎ 答案: D ‎5.—What’s the matter with Della?‎ ‎—Well,her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party,but she still________.‎ A.hopes to    B.hopes so C.hopes not    D.hopes for 解析: 句意为:——Della怎么了?——哦,她父母不让她去参加晚会,但她仍然希望去参加。hope后再次出现前面出现过的不定式短语to go to the party,为避免重复只用不定式符号to代替。so用来代替前面表示肯定意义的句子;not代替前面表示否定意义的句子;for不起替代作用。‎ 答案: A
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