高考语法填空专项训练——介词真题

高考语法填空专项训练——介词真题

语法填空专项训练---介词 介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中都两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词)，主要考点：‎ 1. 时间 ‎ at, in, on 时间点和时间段 by 不迟于，到……时为止 after 在……之后 before在……之前 ‎ for 一段时间 during 在……期间 within在……期间，不超过 since自从…‎ throughout 贯穿……期间 until/till 直到 from…to… 从……到 between在…之间 over 在……期间，过完一段时间 ‎ ‎2. 方位 ‎ into 进入 out of从……出来 (a)round 围饶着或在……的各处 along沿着 ‎ towards向或朝着 to到或向 from从 up沿……而上 ‎ off从……离开或下来 at朝着或向着 for到…去 down沿..而下 ‎ at在某一点或在(某物)旁 in在某一范围内 on在某物的表面上 between在(两者)之间 above在……的上头或高出 below在…下面或低于 among在(多者)之中 around在……周围 inside在……的里面 outside在……的外面 before在……之前 behind在……的后面 ‎ over在……的上方或上面 under在……的下面或下方； beside/by在……的旁边 near在……的附近 ‎ beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围) across在……的对面或那一边 against 靠着 ‎ across从一边到另一边 by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过 ‎ over从某人或某物的上空经过 through从某事物的里面经过。‎ ‎3. 原因 because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at ‎( at常放在情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后原因，相当于“听到或看到” )等。‎ ‎4. 方式、方法或手段 By 乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过 in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水, 抽象的文具 in ink, in pen, in pencil等)‎ with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；伴随 through通过(实践或书本)等 ‎。‎ ‎5. “除……外” except, besides, but, except for等。‎ ‎6. “数量” about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等 ‎ ‎“关于”on, about等； ‎ ‎“所属”“部分与整体关系”of ‎ ‎(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度by 以及as(当作，作为)， like(像…一样)等。‎ ‎7. 能接复合宾语的介词 with和without ‎8. 短语中的介词。 “动词+介词” 短语， look after, care for，congratulate on等；‎ ‎“动词+副词+介词” 短语 catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；‎ ‎“动词+名词+介词” take are of, take notice of等；‎ ‎“名词+介词”， effect on, congratulations on等。‎ 解题技巧：‎ ‎1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？‎ 我们首先必须知道两点：‎ ‎(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；‎ ‎(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。‎ 因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。‎ ‎2. 应该填哪个介词？‎ 在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常用：‎ ‎(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。‎ ‎[例1 ]He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day...‎ 分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，“因……而累”，be tired from也是固定短语，故也可填from。‎ ‎ (2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。‎ ‎[例2]Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. _____these proverbs there are often interesting stories. ‎ 分析：因these proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常趣的故事”，“在……背后”，用介词behind。‎ ‎ (3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)只能是with或without。‎ ‎[例3] You have no idea how she finished the relay race __with____ her foot wounded so much. (福建)‎ ‎(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填。‎ ‎[例4]…the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me ______a guest in their house.‎ 分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，“当作，作为”用介词as。‎ 一、单句填空：用适当填空。‎ ‎1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ___________ a chair. (安徽)‎ ‎2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ___________ the back door. (北京)‎ ‎3. A great man shows his greatness ___________ the way he treats little men. (福建)‎ ‎4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _________ her foot wounded so much. (福建)‎ ‎5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _______________ the point. (辽宁)‎ ‎6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _________ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)‎ ‎7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____________ working here. (全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎8. I began to feel _____________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)‎ ‎9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______________ her wildest dreams. (陕西)‎ ‎10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _______________ the weather. (浙江)‎ ‎11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ___________ girls of your age. (北京)‎ ‎12. Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)‎ ‎13. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南)‎ ‎14. Scientists are convinced _________ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health. (江西)‎ ‎15. Experts have been warning _________ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)‎ ‎16. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting. (全国I)‎ ‎17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days. (全国II)‎ ‎18. Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves. (四川)‎ ‎19. The open-air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. (浙江)‎ ‎20. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _________the visiting hours. (福建)‎ ‎21. It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen. (安徽)‎ ‎22. ---It’s a top secret. ---Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________ you and me. (上海)‎ ‎23. People have always been curious ______ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁)‎ ‎24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared ______ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. (江西)‎ ‎25. I would like a job which pays more, but ______ the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. (浙江)‎ ‎26. More and more young people are fond __________ playing tennis nowadays. (上海)‎ ‎27. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京)‎ ‎28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, __________ which there won’t be much work. (上海)‎ ‎29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ______ which New York is an example. (四川)‎ ‎30. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount‎ ‎Qomolangma, _________which appeared a rare rainbow soon. (福建)‎ ‎31. The book was written in 1946, ______ when the education system has witnessed great charges. (山东)‎ ‎32. He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing‎ ‎University. (江苏)‎ 二、语篇模拟：用适当填空。‎ Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1___children to honor their fathers began in Spokane‎, ‎Washington. A woman 2____the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3_____ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon 4____ 1909. ‎ Having been raised 5_____ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6_____her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7 ____the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration 8______ Spokane‎, ‎Washington 9______the 19th of June, 1910. ‎ In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June 10____Father's Day. Roses are the Father's Day flowers. ‎ 一、 单句填空：用适当填空。‎ ‎1. into 2. by 3. by 4. with 5. to 6. as 7. about 8. at 9. beyond 10. for 11. for 12. against ‎13. In 14. of 15. for 16. for 17. besides 18. between 19. of 20. beyond 21. beyond 22. between 23. about ‎24. for 25. on 26. of 27. in 28. without 29. of 30. above 31. since 32. after 33. to ‎ 二、 语篇模拟：用适当填空。‎ ‎1. for 2. by 3. of 4. in 5. by 6. to 7. in 8. in 9. on 10. as look into调查 look for 寻找 look up 查找 look out (for) 留神 或注意 look in 顺便看望,顺便访问 look back 回顾 回想 look after照顾 目送 负责处理  look forward to 盼望 look at 看着