步步高2017高考英语一轮复习Unit1Livingwell素材新人教版选修7

步步高2017高考英语一轮复习Unit1Livingwell素材新人教版选修7

Unit 1 Living well 话题词汇 ‎1．unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的 ‎2．disability n．残疾 ‎3．loss n．丧失 ‎4．sympathy n．同情 ‎5．overcome v．克服 ‎6．do well in在……方面做得好 ‎7．physical disability身体残疾 ‎8．meet with遇到；经历；会晤 ‎9．have great potential有很大的潜力 ‎10．make fun of取笑 经典语篇 根据下列提示写一篇残疾人事迹报道的短文，词数100左右。‎ ‎1．王红是我的同学，一个可爱的女孩，但她是个残疾人。她10岁时因一场大火，烧伤了左眼和右臂。‎ ‎2．她不但学会了照顾自己，还鼓励其他残疾人保持积极乐观的生活态度。‎ ‎3．她学习刻苦，成绩在班上名列前茅。‎ ‎4．我们希望所有人都不要歧视残疾人，要为他们做些事，比如建设一些方便他们的公共设施。‎ 佳作欣赏 Wang Hong is my classmate.She is a lovely girl.But at the age of ten，she became disabled in a big fire，which made her left eye blind and right arm lost.①‎ She didn’t give up anything in spite of her disability.Not only has she learned to take care of herself，but also she encourages other disabled people to face life bravely and lead an active life.‎ Wang Hong learns hard and takes the head in our class.And we all are inspired by her.We hope other people don’t look down upon the disabled.What healthy people should do② is to do what we can to help them，such as making public equipment more convenient for them to use③.‎ 思维发散 ‎1．将第①句中的定语从句改为现在分词短语作结果状语 But at the age of ten，she became disabled in a big fire，making her left eye blind and right arm lost.‎ ‎2．仿照第②句用what引导的主语从句完成句子 按照我的理解，在愉快的关系中最重要的是理解。(2016·赣州模拟)‎ To my understanding，what matters most in a happy relationship is understanding.‎ ‎3．仿照第③句用“make＋复合宾语”完成句子 八万多人参加了比赛，使它成为了该地区最大的体育赛事。‎ Over 80,000 people competed in the race，making it the biggest sporting event in the area.‎ Ⅰ.重点单词 A．写作单词 ‎1．adapt (vt.)使适应；改编 ‎2．conduct (n.)行为；品行；(vt.)指挥；管理；主持 ‎3．exit (n.)出口；离开；退场 ‎4．ambition (n.)雄心；野心 ‎ ‎ ambitious (adj.)有雄心的；有野心的 ‎ ambitiously (adv.)有雄心地；有野心地 ‎5．politics (n.)政治(学)‎ political (adj.)政治的 ‎6．beneficial (adj.)有益的；受益的 benefit (n.)利益；(v.)有利于，受益 ‎7．annoy (vt.)使……不悦；惹恼 annoyed (adj.)颇为生气的 ‎8．resign (vt.‎& vi.)辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)‎ retire (vi.)退休 ‎9．congratulate (vt.)祝贺；庆贺 congratulation (n.)祝贺；贺词 ‎10．graduation (n.)毕业；毕业典礼 ‎ graduate (vi.)毕业 ‎11．suitable (adj.)适合的；适宜的 suit (vt.)适合；(n.)套装 B．阅读单词 ‎12．eyesight (n.)视力 ‎13．clumsy (adj.)笨拙的 ‎14．outgoing (adj.)外向的；友好的；外出的；离开的 ‎15．companion (n.)同伴；伙伴 ‎16．adequate (adj.)足够的；充分的 ‎17．entry (n.)项目；进入；入口 ‎18．fellow (n.)同伴；同志；伙伴；(adj.)同伴的；同类的 ‎19．dignity (n.)尊严；高贵的品质 ‎20．profit (n.)收益；利润；盈利 ‎21．community (n.)社区；团体；社会 ‎22．disability (n.)伤残；无力；无能 disabled (adj.)伤残的 disable (vt.)使丧失能力；使伤残 ‎23．hearing (n.)听力；听觉 hear (v.)听见；听说 ‎24．noisy (adj.)吵闹的；嘈杂的 noise (n.)噪音 ‎25．absence (n.)缺席；不在某处 absent (adj.)缺席的 ‎26．software (n.)软件 hardware (n.)硬件 ‎27．psychology (n.)心理(学)‎ psychologist (n.)心理学家 psychologically (adv.)心理(学)地；精神上地 ‎28．encouragement (n.)鼓励；奖励 encourage (vt.)鼓励 ‎29．abolish (vt.)废除；废止 abolition (n.)废除；废止 ‎30．slavery (n.)奴隶制 slave (n.)奴隶 ‎31．literature (n.)文学(作品)；著作；文献 literary (adj.)文学的 ‎32．assistance (n.)协助；援助 assistant (n.)助手 assist (vt.‎& vi.)协助；援助 ‎33．access (n.)(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 accessible (adj.)可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 ‎34．handy (adj.)方便的；有用的 ‎ hand (n.)手；(vt.‎& vi.)传递；上交 ‎ ‎35．outwards (adv.)向外 inwards (adv.)向内 ‎36．approval (n.)赞成；认可 approve (vt.‎& vi.)认可；批准 disapprove (vt.‎& vi.)不赞成，反对 Ⅱ.重点短语 ‎1．in other words换句话说 ‎2．out of breath上气不接下气 ‎3．all in all总而言之 ‎4．make fun of取笑 ‎5．all the best(口语) (祝你)一切顺利 ‎6．adapt to适合 ‎7．sit around闲坐着 ‎8．as well as和；也 ‎9．in many ways在很多方面 ‎10．never mind不必担心 ‎11．meet with遇到；经历；会晤 ‎12．cut out切去；省略；停止(做某事)‎ Ⅲ.经典句式 ‎1．She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps (800 metres) this year.‎ 今年她很自豪地参加了多次比赛，而且打破了两圈(‎800米)赛跑的纪录。‎ ‎2．Sometimes，too，I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.‎ 而且有时候我的身体很虚弱，以至于不能去上学，因此我的学习受到了影响。‎ ‎3．Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.‎ 接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。‎ ‎4．I read in the newspaper today that you are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.‎ 今天我从报上了解到，您将成为班克斯敦新电影院的建筑设计师。‎ ‎5．I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.‎ 我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。‎ Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Marty is a disabled but 1.fairly(fair) positive person who never feels sorry for 2.himself and has learned to adapt to his disability.Marty always 3.considers(consider) he has a good life.He is realistic 4.about his disability but he never stops doing as much as he 5.can.He keeps himself busy 6.doing(do) things ‎ like writing and computer programming 7.that do not require physical strength.He has friends with 8.whom he can go to movies and football matches and he has lots of pets.He also studies hard.He is a 9.mentally(mental) strong and independent boy.Marty is able to live as rich and full 10.a life as everyone else.‎ ‎1. adapt v.使适应；使适合(adjust)；改编，改写(rewrite) ‎[应试指导]　分词作状语的考查 (1)adapt (...) to (使……)适应于……‎ adapt oneself to使自己适应……‎ adapt...for...为……改编(写)；改造……以供……之用 adapt from根据……改编(写) (2)adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的 (3)adaptation n.改编本；适应 ‎ (1)During the onemonth stay，I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.‎ 一个月的生活中，我只好使自己适应美国的生活方式并帮助他们理解中国文化的精髓。‎ ‎(2)This machine has been specially adapted for using underwater.‎ 这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。‎ 多维训练 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The play is adapted from a novel.‎ ‎②These teaching materials can be adapted for older children.‎ ‎③When you go to a new country，you must adapt to new manners and customs.‎ ‎④This play is an adaptation(adapt) of a short novel.‎ ‎(2)同义句改写 The director was fully convinced that this moving story，if it was adapted for television，would be a hit.(改为省略句)‎ The director was fully convinced that this moving story，if adapted for television，would be a hit.‎ ‎2. absence n.[C] & [U]缺席；不在某处；[U]缺乏 (1)absence of mind心不在焉 in sb.’s absence某人不在时 in the absence of sth.缺乏某物 (2)absent adj.缺席的；不在的；缺乏的 be absent from缺席……‎ ‎(1)What if she becomes the mistress of the house in your absence?‎ 你不在的时候，要是她成了那房子的女主人怎么办？‎ ‎(2)In the absence of actual data，no reliance can be placed on such figures.‎ 在缺乏实际资料的情况下，这样的数据不可靠。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ ‎(1)absence通常为不可数名词，但表示缺席或离开的次数或时间时，为可数名词。‎ ‎(2)表示做某事缺席，其后通常接介词from。‎ 多维训练 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Nothing happened during his absence(absent) from America.‎ ‎②He has never been absent from class this term.‎ ‎③He came back after an absence of six months.‎ ‎(2)同义句改写 ‎①The decision was made while I was not there.‎ The decision was made in my absence.‎ ‎②When lacking proof，the police could not take action against the man.‎ In the absence of proof，the police could not take action against the man.‎ ‎3. annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼(make sb.angry)；打扰(bother) (1)annoy sb.with/by因……而使某人烦恼 (2)annoyed adj.烦恼的，恼火的 be annoyed at/about sth.因某事而生气 be annoyed with sb.对某人生气 (3)to one’s annoyance使某人生气的是 (4)annoying adj.讨厌的；恼人的 ‎(1)Try making a note of the things which annoy you.‎ 试着把烦心事写下来。‎ ‎(2)He got very annoyed with me about my carelessness.‎ 他因我的粗心大意而对我很生气。‎ 多维训练 ‎(1)用annoy的正确形式填空 ‎①Brown said he was by no means annoyed；on the contrary，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.‎ ‎②The annoying thing about the scheme is that it’s confusing.‎ ‎③To her annoyance，the stranger did not go away.‎ ‎(2)同义句改写 ‎①Brown said by no means was he annoyed；on the contrary，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.(用倒装句改写上题句①)‎ ‎②What annoyed her was that the stranger did not go away.(用主语从句改写上题句③)‎ ‎4. access n.(接近的)方法(means)；通路(path；road)；(使用或见到的)机会；权利(常与to连用)(opportunity，or right to use)；可接近性 ‎[应试指导]　后跟介词的用法 (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入 give access to准许进入(接近) (2)accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的 be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的 ‎(1)Women had no access to education in old days.‎ 在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。‎ ‎(2)A manager should be accessible to his staff.‎ 一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。‎ ‎[特别提醒]‎ ‎(1)access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语可作“访问，进网”讲。‎ ‎(2)在access to中，介词to后可接名词或代词，一般不接doing。‎ 多维训练 ‎(1)一句多译 药品不应放在孩子们拿得到的地方。‎ ‎①Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.(accessible)‎ ‎②Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s range.(range)‎ ‎③Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach.(reach)‎ ‎(2)单句改错 The access to entering the village is riding a bike.去掉entering ‎5. in other words换句话说 多维训练 短语填空 ‎(1)He told me that he had words with the manager and lost his position.‎ ‎(2)How can we improve medical care to benefit people？In other words，how can we create a health care system that helps people？(2015·杭州质检)‎ ‎(3)Jack is good，kind，hardworking and intelligent.In a word，I can’t speak too highly of him.‎ ‎(4)Gail kept her word and returned all the money.‎ ‎(5)Being the office supervisor，I had to have a word with a new employee who never arrived at work on time.‎ ‎6. out of breath上气不接下气 多维训练 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing(breath) heavily.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎②Jack took a deep breath and then dived into the water.‎ ‎③When we breathe(breath)，the air goes into our lungs.‎ ‎④The performance left me breathless(breath) with excitement.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①如果你跑得很快，你可能喘不过气来。‎ If you run very fast，you may lose your breath/be out of breath.‎ ‎②当我赶到学校时，我几乎上气不接下气了。‎ When I hurried to school，I was almost out of breath.‎ ‎③这条意想不到的消息使我震惊地屏住了呼吸。‎ The news was so unexpected that I caught my breath from shock.‎ ‎7. meet with遇到(run into；come across)；经历(experience)；遭遇；会晤 多维训练 短语填空 ‎(1)They’ve got to watch every penny to make ends meet.‎ ‎(2)We often meet with many unexpected difficulties.‎ ‎(3)We are confident in meeting your needs and won’t let you down.‎ ‎8. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.,我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。‎ 句型公式：现在分词短语作伴随状语 现在分词(短语)作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，没有相当的状语从句，汉译时一般译成并列复合句。‎ ‎(1)He made the boy sit there，promising they would not hurt him.‎ 他让那个男孩坐在那儿，保证他们不会伤害他。‎ ‎(2)Last night，Mike made a call to me，saying sorry for his absence from my wedding ceremony.‎ 昨晚，Mike给我打了个电话，对缺席我的婚礼表示歉意。‎ 多维训练 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①The children ran out of the classroom，laughing and talking merrily/happily(欢快地谈笑着)．‎ ‎②Mr.Parkinson stood up and left the room，closing the door behind him(关上了身后的门)．‎ ‎③There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland，staring at the night sky(凝视着夜空)．‎ ‎(2)单句改错 ‎①Mark begins his book with a catalogue of vegetables，explains their benefits for each.explains→explaining ‎②Never losing heart and you’ll make a quick advance in your project.losing→lose Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled(残疾的) customers may ride for half the regular fare.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎2．They can seem forgetful and clumsy(笨拙的)．(2015·北京)‎ ‎3．In addition，I am an outgoing(外向的) girl who has rich experience in organizing school activities.(2015·陕西)‎ ‎4．In my first literature(文学) class，Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it，all within 45 minutes.(2015·重庆)‎ ‎5．I had recently had a beagle，the first and only animal companion(伙伴) I ever had as a child.(2015·天津)‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Although/Though the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2015·湖南)‎ ‎2．His latest book The Social Animal，however，is more ambitious(ambition) and serious than his earlier books.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎3．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed(annoy)，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body.(2013·浙江)‎ ‎4．Another beneficial(benefit) aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.(2015·福建)‎ ‎5．Before building work began，a lot of people didn’t want the Shard(碎片大厦) though the plans were approved(approval)．(2014·湖北)‎ ‎6．At the graduation(graduate) ceremony，just as she expected，she was very proud to stand with a class of care，manners and confidence.(2015·广东)‎ ‎7．“Your partner can save your life—you can save your partner’s life，” Wellman said as the pair received congratulations(congratulate) from friends.(2011·安徽)‎ ‎8．Always keep(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.(2015·湖南)‎ ‎9．All in all，I think studying English by activities，especially in connection with recent things，is a better method.(2010·湖南)‎ ‎10．He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.(2014·广东)‎ Ⅲ.短语填空 ‎1．The next day we met with the people who ran the park.(2014·湖北)‎ ‎2．Robins are singing all night—as well as during the day，Britishbased researchers ‎ say.(2011·四川)‎ ‎3．Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different，my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin，or made fun of my clumsy walk.(2014·江苏)‎ ‎4．Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light.(2015·浙江)‎ ‎5．Everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data.In other words，English weatherspeak is a means of social bonding.(2013·重庆)‎ ‎6．The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.(2012·安徽)‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．例如，我喜欢的是这一章，该章讲的是Harold发现如何才能独立思考。‎ I enjoyed，for instance，the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own.(2015·湖北)‎ ‎2．每当我说“是的，我要去尝试。”时，我就获得了力量。‎ I gained strength every time I said，“Yes，I’ll try that.” (2011·天津)‎ ‎3．吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。‎ To eat too much is as much a bad thing as to eat nothing.‎ ‎4．就像古时候的水手一样，鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。‎ Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way using the sun and the stars.(2015·重庆)‎ ‎5．为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前预定了出租车并且很早就起了床。‎ To catch the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015·北京)‎ 写作素材(关于个人发展)‎ ‎1．汤姆是我的好朋友，是个外向的人。‎ ‎2．尽管很笨拙且视力有缺陷，但是他有雄心，想有尊严地活着。‎ ‎3．毕业后，在伙伴的鼓励和帮助下，他接触了文学。‎ ‎4．现在他的作品已被改编为电影。‎ ‎5．我祝贺他的成功。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who 引导的定语从句，省略句，过去分词短语作状语等。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ Tom，who is my good friend，is an outgoing person.Though clumsy and disabled in eyesight，he was ambitious and wanted to live a life with dignity.After graduation，encouraged and assisted by his companions，he gained access to literature.Now his works have been adapted for films.I congratulate him on his success.‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Some people collect stamps.Other people collect works of art or musical instruments.But a man in the American state of Maryland collects secrets.‎ For the past 10 years，people have been sending Frank Warren postcards and other objects with secrets written on them.He now has a million secrets.“It’s a drawing of a lift.And the secret says: ‘I feel guilty when I take lifts for one floor，so I limp when I get out.’” Frank said.‎ Ten years ago，Mr.Warren created an art project called PostSecret.People then began to send him postcards，other objects and emails telling their secrets.Every Sunday，he chooses 10 secrets and puts them on the website.‎ Mr.Warren says he created PostSecret so people could share their secrets in a safe place.“I was struggling with secrets in my own life.And it was by creating this safe place where others could share their secrets with me，I think that space was something I needed just as much as they did.”‎ He has published six books full of the secrets people have shared with him.One secret in each book is his.Eric Perry delivers mail for the U．S.Postal Service.He has brought thousands of secrets to Frank’s home over the past three years.“I have a couple of the books that Frank’s given me and I’ve read them all and my family has read them all and it’s wild！” ‎ The project itself was once one of Frank’s secrets.His wife Jan didn’t know exactly what he was doing until the first book was published.The publisher told him that the address was going to be on the book，and he refused.However，the address was there ‎ just because of the contract between them.Actually Warren wasn’t very happy about that.‎ Some people tell Frank of their secret desire to kill themselves.So he and the PostSecret community have raised more than 1 million to help prevent suicides(自杀)．‎ ‎1．It is implied in Mr.Warren’s words in Paragraph 2 that .‎ A．the person was ashamed of using an elevator for one floor B．Americans are not allowed to use an elevator for one floor C．the person felt guilty when pretending to be a disabled one D．he has received different secrets about using an elevator 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据“I feel guilty when I take lifts for one floor，so I limp when I get out.”可知，A为正确答案。‎ ‎2．Mr.Warren created PostSecret in order to .‎ A．satisfy his curiosity about others’ secrets B．collect more materials for his series of books C．offer a safe place for people to share their secrets D．earn a lot of money by sharing others’ secrets online 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，Mr.Warren创办这个项目是为了为人们的秘密提供一个安全的存放地，故C为正确答案。‎ ‎3．What was Mr.Warren’s secret according to the passage?‎ A．He once took the lift only for one floor.‎ B．He is interested in collecting others’ secrets.‎ C．He created an art project without telling his wife.‎ D．He helped prevent others from committing suicides.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，这个计划本身曾经就是个秘密，Mr.Warren的妻子并不知情。故选C。‎ B In my first week as a graduate student at Cambridge University in 1964 I met with a fellow student，two years ahead of me in his studies；he was unsteady on his feet and spoke with great difficulty.This was Stephen Hawking.I learned that he had a bad disease and might not live long enough even to finish his PhD degree.‎ But，amazingly，he has reached the age of 73.Even mere survival would have been a medical miracle，but of course，he didn’t merely survive.He has become arguably the most famous scientist in the world for his brilliant research，for his bestselling books，and，above all，for his astonishing victory over hardship.‎ Stephen received his “death sentence” in 1964，when I thought it was hard for him to go on with his study.Stephen went from Albans School to Oxford University.He was said to be a “lazy” undergraduate，but his brilliance earned him a firstclass degree，an “entry ticket” to a research career in Cambridge and a uniquely inspiring achievement.‎ Within a few years of the burst of his disease he was wheelchairbound，and his speech was so unclear that it could only be understood by those who knew him well.But his scientific career went from strength to strength：he quickly came up with a series of insights into the nature of black holes (then a very new idea) and how the universe began.In 1974 he was elected to the Royal Society at the exceptionally early age of 32.‎ The great advances in science generally involve discovering a link between phenomena that were previously conceptually unconnected—for instance，Isaac Newton realized that the force making an apple fall to earth was the same as the force that holds the moon and planets in their orbits.Stephen’s revolutionary idea about a link between gravity and quantum(量子) theory has still not been tested.However，it has been hugely influential；indeed，one of the main achievements of string theory(弦理论) has been to confirm and build on his idea.He has undoubtedly done more than anyone else since Einstein to improve our knowledge of gravity and he is one of the topten living theoretical physicists.‎ ‎4．What impressed the author most about Stephen Hawking?‎ A．His brilliant research.‎ B．His bestselling books.‎ C．His serious disease.‎ D．His defeating hardship.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“...and，above all，for his astonishing victory over hardship.”可知令作者感受最深的是他能克服常人难以逾越的困难。故选D。‎ ‎5．What made Stephen Hawking start his research career at Cambridge?‎ A．His death sentence.‎ B．His “lazy” attitude.‎ C．His aboveaverage talent and ability.‎ D．His rich experience.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was said to be a ‘lazy’ undergraduate，but his brilliance earned him a firstclass degree...”可知选C。‎ ‎6．It can be inferred that Stephen Hawking was born .‎ A．in the early 1940s B．in the late 1940s C．in the early 1930s D．in the late 1930s 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“In 1974 he was elected to the Royal Society at the exceptionally early age of 32.”可判断霍金出生于1942年。故选A。‎ ‎7．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Hawking’s theory was proved years ago.‎ B．Hawking was not as successful as Newton.‎ C．String theory built on Hawking’s idea.‎ D．Hawking’s theory has had little influence on others.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...one of the main achievements of string theory(弦理论) has been to confirm and build on his idea.”可知，霍金的理论帮助弦理论得到证实。故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 After my brother died in an accident，my mother was very sad.I was only 4 years old at the time，but I still understood the ‎8 in my mom’s attitude toward safety. 9 ，everything around us was potentially 10 .‎ I grew up with a lot of 11 and rules that were meant to 12 me.For example，I was not 13 to walk home from school by myself，even though everyone I knew already did.I couldn’t 14 evening parties or go to summer camp， 15 what if something happened to me?‎ As I got older，the list of things to 16 got longer.I became a natural 17 .I was ‎ concerned about things like getting cancer，losing my wallet，being caught in car accidents and earthquakes— 18 big and small，real and 19 .The funny part is that you’d never know it by looking at my life，because I’m constantly 20 myself to do the things that frighten or worry me.In fact，I’ve developed a 21 for myself：If it scares me，then I have to do it 22 once.I’ve done lots of things that would have 23 my mom：I’ve ridden a motorcycle，I’ve traveled alone，and I’ve performed standup comedy.‎ Courage isn’t a natural attribute(品质) of human beings.I believe that we have to practice being courageous.The more 24 I do things that scare me or that make me 25 ，the more I realize that I can do a lot more than I originally thought I could do.‎ Even though I inherited(经遗传获得) my mother’s cautious 26 ，I’ve also come to believe that fear can be a good thing，if we 27 it.Believing that has made my world a less scary place.‎ ‎8．A.hint B．change C．scene D．lesson ‎ 答案　B 解析　哥哥的死是一个转折点，自那以后，妈妈的安全意识发生了改变(change)，故选B。‎ ‎9．A.Slowly B．Logically C．Fortunately D．Suddenly ‎ 答案　D 解析　一切转变都是从哥哥去世那一刻开始的，所以是很突然的(suddenly)。‎ ‎10．A.important B．inspiring C．convenient D．dangerous ‎ 答案　D 解析　根据下文母亲不让我做的事可知周围的一切都有潜在的危险(dangerous)。‎ ‎11．A.restrictions B．considerations C．judgements D．comparisons ‎ 答案　A 解析　根据句中的rules可知此处要填一个意义类似的词，故选A。‎ ‎12．A.limit B．help C．protect D．train ‎ 答案　C 解析　这些限制和规矩意在保护(protect)我。‎ ‎13．A.allowed B．encouraged C．reminded D．advised ‎ 答案　A 解析　根据rules可知母亲“不允许”我从学校独自走回家。‎ ‎14．A.arrange B．attend C．decorate D．support ‎ 答案　B 解析　根据母亲对安全问题的谨慎、小心和evening一词可知她不让我参加(attend)晚会。‎ ‎15．A.but B．though C．or D．because ‎ 答案　D 解析　上文提到我不能做很多事情，原因是妈妈怕我发生不测。‎ ‎16．A.hope B．fear C．count D．bear ‎ 答案　B 解析　随着年龄的增长，那份我害怕的东西的名单也越来越长。‎ ‎17．A.worrier B．dreamer C．adult D．thinker ‎ 答案　A 解析　根据“I was concerned about things like getting cancer，losing my wallet...”可知，我变成了一个本能的忧虑者(worrier)。‎ ‎18．A.ideas B．affairs C．actions D．disasters ‎ 答案　D 解析　getting cancer，losing my wallet，being caught in car accidents and earthquakes这些都是“灾难”(disasters)。‎ ‎19．A.special B．common C．imaginary D．practical 答案　C 解析　根据big and small可知此处也需要一个与real相对的词，故选C。imaginary表示“虚幻的”。‎ ‎20．A.expecting B．warning C．forcing D．promising ‎ 答案　C 解析　根据下文的“I have to do it”可知，我总是“强迫”(force)自己去做那些令我害怕或担忧的事情。‎ ‎21．A.rule B．form C．case D．hobby ‎ 答案　A 解析　根据“If it scares me，then I have to do it...”可知，我已经养成了这个习惯。‎ ‎22．A.in all B．at most C．after all D．at least ‎ 答案　D 解析　根据下一段所述的向困难、恐惧挑战可知，如果有事情让我感到害怕，我就必须最少(at least)做一次。‎ ‎23．A.threatened B．shocked C．confused D．entertained ‎ 答案　B 解析　我做的很多事情都是母亲不允许的，所以她如果知道的话，一定会“震惊”(shock)的。‎ ‎24．A.rarely B．quickly C．often D．fairly ‎ 答案　C 解析　根据上一句“I believe that we have to practice being courageous.”可知此处表示：我越经常去做那些令我害怕的事情，我就越会认识到自己能做比原先想的更多的事情。‎ ‎25．A.confident B．uncomfortable C．happy D．generous ‎ 答案　B 解析　根据“I do things that scare me”可知此处也需要填有类似含义的词。故选B，uncomfortable不舒服的，不安的。‎ ‎26．A.nature B．duty C．work D．task ‎ 答案　A 解析　根据inherited可知此处指：我遗传了妈妈谨慎小心的本性(nature)。‎ ‎27．A.know B．get C．avoid D．face ‎ 答案　D 解析　从上文的介绍可以总结出：我认识到如果能面对(face)恐惧，这也是件好事情，因为这能使人更勇敢。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Aesop(伊索) was a slave living around 550 BC.We call the stories he wrote fables，as every story has a moral.Almost all the fables he wrote are 28.humorous(humor) and entertaining，appealing to people 29.of all ages.To date，Aesop’s fables 30.have_been_translated(translate) into many languages and are known all over the world.Not only 31.have the fables themselves lived for nearly 1500 years，but 32.expressions(express) from them have entered various languages.‎ One fable，for instance，is about a farmer who was driving his cart along a country road.The cart got 33.stuck(stick) in the mud，but the farmer made 34.no/little effort to get it out.Instead，he began to pray to the gods for help.The god Hercules finally appeared and told 35.the man to get busy and push 36.it.“Push your shoulder to the wheel.” Hercules advised.‎ The moral of the story is clear.We mustn’t rely on others for help.Another saying which has come from the fable is “God helps those 37.who help themselves.”‎