高考英语熟词生义

高考英语熟词生义

高考英语熟词生义 ‎《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明》中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据，而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式，未有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间，给他们减少了很多限制，但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的。‎ 例如：2001年全国卷中第26题：We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well．‎ A．worked out B．tried out C．went on D．carried on 正确答案为A。此处work out的词义为“（情况）发展……”、“进行……”。其余干扰项的干扰作用都很大。如果没有完全掌握work out的含义，根本无法选定这个选项，更何况，我们的课本根本未有把work out作“（情况）进展”、“进行”解释过。单选题如此，阅读理解、完形填空等题中熟词生义现象更是比比皆是。为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试，我们将根据《考试说明》的词汇表，按照字母顺序举例解析我们常见常考的熟词生义。‎ ‎2009年全国卷I：Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to _______ them too hard.‎ A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push (逼迫，敦促)‎ 本来push表示推的意思。‎ ‎2009年全国卷II：If you leave the club, you will not be _______ back in.‎ A. received B. admitted(准许进入，准许加入俱乐部，组织等；接收入学) C, turned D. moved ‎ admit 本来表示承认 山东卷2009：-Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses?‎ ‎-Oh, yes, enough and to spare. (闲置的，不用的，闲钱)‎ A. cover (钱足够……之用) B. spend C. fill D. offer ‎2009湖北卷：Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.‎ A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter( 保护，庇护) D. distinguish shelter 本意：居所，住处，遮蔽物，庇护处 ‎2008年山东卷：The fact that she never apologized ________ a lot about what kind of person she is .‎ A. says (显示，表明) B. talks C. appears D. declares ‎ ‎2008湖北卷：Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ________ the traditional customs.‎ A. perform B. possess C. observe (遵守规则，法律等) D. support ‎ ‎2009年山东卷完型41：I can still remember he was always wearing (流露，面带) a smile and willing to help.‎ A ‎1. absent (adj. 缺席的)‎ He looked at me in all absent way. (adj. 茫然的，恍惚的)‎ ‎2. abuse (v. 滥用；漫骂)‎ She is quite a successful career woman, but actually she's much abused at home. (v. 虐待)‎ ‎3. ache (v. & n. 疼痛) ‎ He was aching for home. (v. 渴望)‎ ‎4. act (v. & n. 行动)‎ It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. (vi. 起作用)‎ ‎5. address (n. 地址v. 写地址)‎ It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting. (vt. 向……发表演说) ‎ ‎8. against (prep. 逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰) ‎ The picture looks nice against the white wall. (prep. 映衬) ‎ ‎9. age (n. 年龄) ‎ Worry aged him rapidly. (v. (使)变老)‎ ‎10. air (n. 空气)‎ Don’t air your troubles too often. (v. 抒发；倾诉；播送)‎ There was a comfortable air about her room. (n. 样子，神态，气氛)‎ ‎11. alone (adv. 单独地，一个人地)‎ She alone was able to answer the question. (adv. 仅仅，只有)‎ ‎12. amount (n. 量) ‎ The cost amounted to $200. (v. (to) 共计，达到)‎ What you have said amounts to a plain refusal. (v. 相当于)‎ ‎13. announce (宣布)‎ A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. (vt. 显示，预告)‎ ‎14. appreciate (v. 欣赏；感激；感谢)‎ I appreciate that I may be wrong. (V. 意识到(realize)) ‎ ‎15. attend (v. 出席；参加) ‎ The nurse attended to him day and night. (v. 看护；治疗；陪同)‎ ‎16. accompany (vt. 陪伴；伴奏)‎ Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain. (v. 伴随)‎ ‎17. allow (v. 允许)‎ ‎ This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. (vt. 使可能) ‎ ‎18. approach (vt. 靠近；接近)‎ I approached him about filling the manager's job. (v. 接洽；建议；要求)‎ ‎19. available (adj. 可得到的；可找到的)‎ The worthy professor is now available. (adj. (人)有空的)‎ B ‎20. become (v. 变得，变成)‎ Her new hat certainly becomes her. (vt. 适于，适合)‎ ‎21. behavior (n. 举止；行为)‎ The behavior of this computer is moderately good. (n. 性能，特点)‎ ‎22. blank (adj. 空白的n. 空白)‎ The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. (adj. 没表情的；没兴趣的)‎ I cannot recall where I've left my umbrella; my mind's a complete blank! (n. 记忆中的空白，遗忘)‎ ‎23. blue (adj. & n. 蓝色)‎ His songs always make me feel blue. (adj. 忧伤的)‎ ‎24. bare (adj. 裸露的) ‎ He likes to bare his heart / soul with his close friends. (vt. 向某人袒露心声)‎ ‎25. bear (vt. 忍受；容忍)‎ ‎ He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. (v. 显示；带有)‎ ‎26. bound (a由. 一定会)‎ ‎ I don't like being desk-bound all day. (adj. 受…约束的)‎ C ‎27. cause (v. 致使) ‎ We are struggling for revolutionary cause. (n. 事业)‎ ‎28. celebrate (vt. 庆祝) ‎ He celebrated her for her courage. (vt. 称颂，赞扬)‎ ‎29. climate (n. 气候)‎ The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting. (n. 风气；思潮；倾向)‎ ‎30. cloudy (adj. 阴的，多云的) ‎ Who did it still remains cloudy. (adj. 不明朗的，不清晰的)‎ ‎31. coach (n. 教练) ‎ She coached me in English. (v. 辅导，指导)‎ ‎32. count (n. &v. 计算，数)‎ ‎(1) There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. (vt. 包括)‎ ‎(2) It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (vt. 有价值，重要)‎ ‎(3) She was counted among the greatest dancers. (vt. 以为，视为) ‎ ‎33. couple (n. 一对，一双；一对夫妇或情侣)‎ The dining car was coupled onto the last coach. (v. 联合，连接)‎ ‎34. course (n. 课程；过程)‎ The main course was a vegetable stew. (n. 一道菜)‎ ‎35. cross (v. 跨越，横穿n. 十字)‎ Don't be cross with him——after all，he meant to help. (adj. 生气的)‎ ‎36. case (n. 情况；状况)‎ There are three cases of fever in school. (n. 病例；案例)‎ ‎37. casual (adj. 偶然的；随意的) ‎ He was employed as a casual laborer. (adj. 临时的)‎ ‎38. cater (v. 为社交活动提供饮食；承办酒席) ‎ TV must cater for many different tastes. (v. 满足需要；迎合)‎ ‎39. challenge (v. 挑战)‎ I challenged him to a game of chess. (v. 强烈建议某人干某事)‎ ‎40. chance (n. 机会) ‎ She chanced to be in when he called. (v. 碰巧)‎ ‎41. charge (v. 索价，收费；指控；控告)‎ Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby. (v. 赋予……责任或义务)‎ ‎42. clean (adj. 干净的)‎ I clean forgot about it (adv. 彻底地；完全地)‎ ‎43. consume (vt. 消耗；消费) ‎ The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighborhood. (vt. 烧毁；毁灭)‎ D ‎44. damage (v. & n. 损坏) ‎ He claimed $7000 damages from the taxi company. (n. 赔偿金 (复)=compensation)‎ ‎45. dawn (n拂晓v. 破晓，天亮)‎ The truth began to dawn on him. (v. 开始明白)‎ ‎46. desert (n. 沙漠)‎ He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. (v. 抛弃，离弃)‎ ‎ 47. develop (v. 发展；开发；研制)‎ Did you have the films developed? (v. 冲印)‎ develop a disease / a habit (v. 逐渐形成)‎ Sure enough, most of the plants developed the disease. (vt. 患病；出现问题)‎ ‎ 48. difficult (adj. 困难的) (adj.难以取悦的，不易满足的)‎ He is a difficult man to contend with. 他是一个难对付的人。‎ ‎ 49. dismiss. (v. 解雇，开除) ‎ ‎ He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic. (v. 拒绝考虑 (某观点等))‎ ‎ 50. drive (v. 驾驶)‎ Hunger drove her to steal. (V. 迫使某人 (做不好或不快的事))‎ ‎51. divorce (v. 与某人离婚)‎ You can’t divorce science from ethical questions. (v. 使分离；使脱离)‎ ‎52. draw (v. 画；拖；拉)‎ What moral are we to draw from the story? (v. 获得，取得，推断出)‎ E ‎53. engage (vt. 从事)‎ A personal computer engages his interest now. (vt. 吸引)‎ ‎54. excuse (n. 借口v. 原谅)‎ He was excused from piano practice. (v. 免除某人的职责)‎ ‎55. express (v. 表达)‎ His express wish was that you should come here by air. (adj. 明确的)‎ Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai? (n. 快车)‎ ‎56. encourage (vt. 鼓励；激励)‎ Good health encourages clear thinking. (v. 促进，助长，刺激)‎ ‎57. escape (v. 逃跑；逃脱) ‎ His name escapes me for the moment. (v. 被忘掉；被忽视)‎ ‎58. explode (v. 爆炸爆裂)‎ I'm about to explode! He broke my violin. (v. 勃然大怒；大发雷霆) ‎ ‎59. exploit (v. 开发；开采；剥削)‎ ‎ You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things. (v. 利用)‎ F ‎60. fail (v. 失败)‎ Our water supply failed. (v. 不足；缺乏)‎ He is failing in health. / His health is failing. (v. 衰退，衰弱)‎ He failed to lend her a hand. (v. 未能)‎ Words failed him. (vt. 使失望；有负于) ‎ ‎61. fill (v. 填满)‎ His answer did not fill our need. (vt. 满足)‎ ‎62. fine (adj. 美好的，很棒的，晴朗的)‎ There's a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words. (adj. 微妙的) ‎ The man will get a fine if he parks the car there. (n. 罚款)‎ ‎63. fond (adj.自由的，喜欢的；慈爱的；深情的)‎ Fond parents will spoil their child. (adj. 溺爱的)‎ ‎64. force (vt. 强迫) ‎ The policeman forced the knife from the criminal's hand. (vt. 夺取)‎ He forced a smile when he saw me. (vt. force a smile挤出笑容)‎ ‎65. foreign (adj. 外国的；外交的)‎ The subject is foreign to me. (adj. 不熟悉的)‎ Telling lies is foreign to her nature. (adj. 和……格格不人)‎ ‎66. form. (vt. 形成)‎ I cannot form an opinion about it. (vt. 想出)‎ ‎67. freeze (v. 结冰，凝固)‎ Freeze! Or I'll shoot. (v. 不许动) ‎ ‎68. fly (v. 飞；飞翔；飞彤n. 苍蝇)‎ The children flew to meet their mother. (v. 疾驰；疾行)‎ ‎69. fresh (adj. 新鲜的)‎ She is quite fresh to office work. (adj. 无经验的)‎ G ‎70. gain (v. 获得；赢得)‎ Don't worry. My watch gains. We still have time. (v. (钟表)快)‎ The ear gained speed gradually. (vt. 增加 (速度，重量))‎ ‎71. ground (n. 地面) ‎ He has strong grounds for more money. (n. 理由)‎ Did the police have reasonable grounds to arrest him? (同上)‎ We oppose the bill, on the grounds that it discriminates against women.‎ ‎72. glare (v. 怒目而视)‎ The sun glared out of the blue sky. (v. 发出刺眼的光) ‎ ‎73. govern (v. 管理；控制) ‎ The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods. (vt. 影响；支配)‎ ‎74. Grow up (长大；成熟) ‎ A warm friendship grew up between the two men. (逐渐发展；形成)‎ H ‎75. hit (vt. 击中，打击) ‎ The film Hero by Zhang Yimou is quite a hit of this year. (n. 成功；红极一时的人或事)‎ ‎76. hold (vt. 握住，抓住；抱住) ‎ His promise still holds. (vi：适用，有效) ‎ I ‎77. ill (adj. 生病的) ‎ It's no good speaking ill of others. (adj. &adv. 坏的／地) ‎ ‎78. industry (n. 工业；产业)‎ His success was due to industry. (n. 努力；勤勉)‎ ‎79. interest (n. 兴趣) ‎ Our family has an interest in the business. (n. 利益；股份) ‎ ‎80. invent (v. 发明)‎ He invented an excuse for his being late. (v. 捏造，虚构)‎ ‎81. invite (v. 邀请)‎ Don't leave the window open—it's inviting thieves to enter. (v. 吸引)‎ The dishes are really inviting. (adj. 诱人的)‎ ‎82. inspire (v：激励；鼓舞)‎ His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. (v. 启发)‎ J ‎83. jam (n. 果酱)‎ He jammed four apples in his pocket. (vt. 塞进)‎ The accident jammed the main road for2 hours. (vt. 堵塞)‎ There are traffic jams every day on this road. (n. . 堵塞)‎ ‎84. jump (v. & n. 跳)‎ ‎ Last week the price of goods jumped. (n. / v. 大幅度上涨)‎ ‎85. just (adv. 正好；恰好) ‎ You are a just person. (adj. 公正的)‎ K ‎86. kid (n. 小孩)‎ Take it easy. I'm just kidding. (v. 开玩笑；欺骗) ‎ ‎87. kill (v. 杀掉；害死)‎ That guy hangs around all day long, just killing time. (v. 消磨 (时间))‎ L ‎88. late (adj. 迟到的／地；晚的／地)‎ ‎ She missed her late husband very much. (adj. 已故的)‎ ‎89. lecture (v. ／n. 讲课；演讲) ‎ ‎ Do stop lecturing me. (V. 训斥；教训)‎ ‎90. lift (v. 拾高)‎ Can you give me a lift? (n. 搭便车)‎ His report gave us a lift. (n. 鼓舞)‎ ‎91. lose (V. 失去；丢掉) ‎ Please hurry! My watch loses 10 minutes. (vi. (钟表)慢 (与gain相对))‎ ‎92. lot (n. 量，批) ‎ It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centers. (n. 作某种用途的场地)‎ ‎93. lay (vt. 放置；产卵；下蛋)‎ The foundations of the house are being laid today. (v. 铺；铺设)‎ ‎94. last (adj. 最后的) ‎ He is the last man I want to see. (adj. 最不可能的)‎ M ‎95. marry (v. 结婚，与某人结婚)‎ This poem marries theme and style well. (V. 使紧密结合，使混为一体)‎ ‎96. mean (v. 意思是，意味着)‎ It's mean of you to eat up all the apples. (adj. 自私的，卑鄙的，吝啬的)‎ ‎97. mend (v. 修理；修补) ‎ The patient is still mending slowly after the operation. (v. 痊愈；改善)‎ ‎98. message (n. 信息，口信)‎ I'd like to see a film with a message. (n.教益，寓意). ‎ ‎99. might (modal v. 或许)‎ I use all my might to open the door. (n. 力量，权威)‎ ‎100. multiply (乘；v. 乘以；繁殖)‎ We can multiply our chances of success. (v. 成倍增加；迅速增加)‎ N ‎101. note (n. 笔记) ‎ Learn the notes by heart. (n. 台词)‎ I noted that her hands were dirty. (v. 注意，特别指出，提及)‎ O ‎102. open (v. 开adj. 开着，打开的)‎ They left the matter open. (adj. (问题，议事等)未解决的)，‎ ‎103. operate (Vi. 机器运转工作；做手术)‎ The medicine operated quickly. (vi. 起作用) ‎ P ‎105. part (n. 部分；零件，角色)‎ In order to raise money, he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions. (v.分手；放弃；卖掉) ‎ ‎106. position (n. 位置；职位). ‎ What’s your position on the problem? (n. 立场；观点)‎ ‎107. promise (v. & n. 许诺)‎ The dark clouds promise rain. (v. 有……的希望；使……有可能)‎ He is the most promising actor I have ever seen.‎ ‎108. pronounce (v. 发音)‎ The judge pronounced against her appeal. (v. 宣称；宣布；判决)‎ ‎109. put up (建设；张贴)‎ Could you put me up for the night? (留某人住宿)‎ ‎110. pick up (拾起，捡起；偶然发现；弄到手；听到，得到 (情报，知识)；康复，增加 (速度) ‎ Trains picked up the timber workers working in the forest farm every day. (用车接某人)‎ The situation, however, is picking up gradually after a patch of bad time. (vi. 改善，好转)‎ ‎111. possess (拥有)‎ A violent anger possessed him. (vt. (感情，情绪等)支配；控制)‎ R ‎112. rate (n. 比率，速度) ‎ These potatoes rate among the best. (v. 对……作出评价；被认为，被评价为)‎ ‎113. read (v. 阅读)‎ I didn't read mother's thoughts at that time. (v. 理解；领会)‎ ‎114. reflect (v. 映出；反射；表现) ‎ I need time to reflect on your offer. (v. 沉思；思考 (on / upon))‎ ‎115. round (prep. & adv. 环绕，围着adj. 圆形的)‎ We are losing the game in the last round due t0 our complacency. (n. 回合；局；轮；)‎ ‎116. recover (v. 恢复健康；痊愈)‎ He almost fell, but succeeded in recovering himself. (v. 恢复；重新控制)‎ ‎117. refresh (vt. 使恢复精力)‎ Her words refreshed my memory. (、rt. 提醒；提示；使想起；重新斟满；刷新)‎ ‎118. relate (v. 与一有关；相关) ‎ I related my adventure to my family. (v. 讲述)‎ ‎119. remote (adj偏远的；偏僻的)‎ He is a remote relative of mine. (adj. 关系较远的；远亲的)‎ ‎120. repair (熟义v. ／n. 修理)‎ How can I repair the damage I have caused? (v. 补救；弥补)‎ ‎121. respect (vt。／n尊敬；敬意)‎ He has no respect for the feelings of others. (五重视；尊重；维护)‎ ‎122. review (vt. 复习)‎ She reviewed what had happened. (vt. 回顾)‎ S ‎123. safe (adj. 安全的)‎ He is a safe man. You can count on him. (adj. 谨慎的；不冒险的)‎ ‎124. say (vt. 说)‎ Say that war breaks out, what will you do? (vt. 假定，显示，表明)‎ ‎125. see (vt.看到)‎ This century has seen two world wars. (vt. 有……的经验，经历，体验)‎ ‎126. shoulder (n. 肩膀)‎ Young people should learn to shoulder the duty / blame. (v. 承担)‎ ‎127. sound (n. 声音)‎ It is important to have a sound body. (adj. 健全的)‎ My wife is a sound sleeper. (adj. 酣睡的)‎ Your idea is very sound. (adj. 中肯的，合理的)‎ We have come back safe and sound. (adj. 安全的)‎ ‎128. spare (adj.多余的；备用的；空余的v：吝惜；拨出，抽出)‎ He spared the thief. (v. 饶恕；放过)‎ ‎129. spring (n. 春天；泉水)‎ Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the city. (v. 猛然跳起；涌出)‎ ‎130. steal (v. 偷)‎ He stole a glance of her in the mirror. (v. 快速或偷偷地取得)‎ ‎131. strength (n. 力气)‎ Maths is not my strength. (n. 强项,优点，优势)‎ ‎132. succeed (v. 成功)‎ ‎(v. 继承) (v. 继任)‎ ‎134. surprise ( V. &t使惊讶，惊奇)‎ Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight. (v. 出奇不意地袭击或发现)‎ ‎135. sympathy (n.同情)‎ Annie's sympathies lie firmly with the workers. (n. (p1.)赞同，支持)‎ ‎136. satisfy (v. 使满意；使满足)‎ She satisfied her hunger with an apple. (v. 满足要求或需要等) ‎ ‎137. subject (n. 话题)‎ The child is subjected to colds. (adj. 易遭受…的)‎ subject sb to sth=expose sb to sth 使遭受，使经历 T ‎138. tie (vt. 栓，系)‎ They tied with the visiting team in the game. (vi. 打成平手)‎ ‎139. twist (v. 使弯曲变形) (v. (道路，河流等)曲折；蜿蜒)‎ ‎140. travel (v. / n. 旅行)‎ The news traveled fast. (v. 以某速度传播)‎ U ‎141. undertake (v. 承担；从事)‎ I can't undertake that you will make a profit. (v. 承诺；允诺；答应)‎ V ‎142. vote (n. &v. 投票，表决)‎ I vote that we go home. (V. (口语)建议)‎ ‎143. vain (adj. 徒然的；徒劳的；无结果的)‎ She is vain of her beauty. (adj. 自负的；自视过高的)‎ W ‎144. walk (v. &n. 行走；步行)‎ This society welcomes people from all walks of life. (n. 行业 (walk of life))‎ He is walking his dog. (vt.溜)‎ He walked the guests out. (vt. 送客)‎ ‎145. wander (v. 漫游；游荡；漫步)‎ Don't wander from the point. (v. 离开原处或正道)‎ Her thoughts wandered back to her youth. (V. 走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差)‎ ‎146. wear (vt. 穿戴)‎ The girl always wears a happy smile. (vt. 表露，流露，面带等)‎ ‎147. weight (v. 称……的重量；重达)‎ Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this! (v：权衡；斟酌)‎ ‎148. weight (n. 重量)‎ How much weight will be attached to his decision? (n. 分量，重要性)‎ ‎149. will (modal v. 表将来或意愿)‎ He showed great strength of will. (n. 意志力；意愿)‎ Where there is a will, there is a way. (n. 意志力；意愿)‎ What did it say in the will? (n. 遗嘱)‎