2017高考语法填空解体技巧及真题练习

2017高考语法填空解体技巧及真题练习

‎2017年高考英语语法填空解体技巧及真题练习 考纲解读 一篇200字左右的短文或对话 能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、‎ ‎ 运用语法、单词短语 ‎ 整体要求 ‎1.先浏览全文，把握大意，猜测空格的语义.‎ ‎2.纯空格只填入一个词，可填介词/代词/连词/冠词。 ‎ ‎3.了解了文章整体意思后，要着手分析每句的句子结构，看主谓宾结构完整没有，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。‎ ‎4.填好空后,重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通、逻辑合理。‎ ‎ 分析句子结构 ‎ 语法知识 ‎ 固定搭配 ‎ 词形变化 空格类型 1. 无给定词 连词：and, but, or，‎ 引导词(从句): who, that, what…‎ 代词：they, him, our, themselves…‎ 介词：in, on, to, for…‎ 冠词： a/an, the 连接性副词：however, therefore…‎ Skill 1. 简单句或者并列句缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。Eg：‎ ‎1.Mary began this work four years ago and ____enjoyed it very much.‎ ‎2.I like this house with a beautiful garden, but I don’t have enough money to buy .‎ Skill 2.介词的考查：多数情况下出现在固定搭配中。Eg：‎ ‎1. I think it’s a good idea ___ you to come back to China. ‎ ‎2. Though she is a girl , she is interested ____ football .‎ Skill 3 .两个主谓从句之间如果没有分号或句号，很可能填连词。Eg：‎ He worked very hard，____ he succeeded finally。‎ Skill 4 . 冠词的考查；多数情况下出现在 a/an, the +名词 或 a/an, the +形容词+名词。‎ ‎1. Giving rural children a good education is _____ important task in fighting poverty. ‎ ‎2. When he was saying that, he broke_____ branch from the tree that grew near the door. ‎ ‎2.有给定词 动词：时态，语态 ，主谓一致 ，非谓语动词：-ing，-ed，to do 名词：单复数 形容词/副词：比较级、最高级 词性转换 ‎1.给出动词的试题解题技巧 ‎1. 判断句子是否有谓语动词 ‎2. 如果没有谓语动词或要作并列谓语，那么要填的是谓语动词 ‎ 如果有谓语动词且又不作并列谓语,那么要填的是非谓语动词 ‎3.动词还要注意时态和语态的变化 ‎1 As we climbed the mountains, we saw monkeys, ________(visit) temples and told stories. ‎ ‎2 The teacher went into the classroom, _______ (follow) by some students.‎ ‎3 The baby stayed in the room , _______ (cry) loudly .‎ ‎2.词形转换题的解题技巧 ‎1.作表语，定语或补语常用形容词。 ‎ ‎2.修饰动词，形容词，副词，介词短语或整个句子，用副词。 ‎ ‎3.根据句意和语境，考查形容词，副词的比较级，最高级或是相互转换。 ‎ ‎1)It is very_______ (kindness) of you to help me to learn English .‎ ‎2) I was doing my homework , when_______ (sudden) I heard my someone laughing . ‎ ‎3) She runs ______ (fast) than anyone else in her class. ‎ ‎ 时态 ‎ ‎(1) 谓语动词 语态 ‎ 主谓一致 A. I was certain that she would like it because I _____________ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. ‎ B. I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he ________ (break) his arm.‎ C. He was one of the students who ___________ (invite) to the meeting. ‎ ‎ ing ‎(2) 非谓语动词 ed ‎ to do A. We must practise speaking and ________(write) the language whenever you can.‎ B. ‎.We must also consider the reaction of the person ________ (receive) the gift.‎ C. With the problem _______ (solve), I was proud of my achievement. ‎ D. ‎…and it is important ___________ (memorize) some basic grammar rules.‎ 专练 (1) The number of people ________ (speak) Chinese continues to rise.‎ (2) Some 134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad, and 120,000 of _________ were self-funded students(自费生). ‎ (3) ‎ … As soon as a child begins school, he enters a world of examinations_________ will decide his future of job. ‎ (4) My face turned red on hearing ________ my mother said.‎ (5) ‎________ we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we will not really learn the language.‎ (6) Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems….If tourism creates too much traffic, the inhabitants will become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists, ________ they treat them impolitely.‎ (7) The city has already had homes, stores, and offices ________ (build) on the Mediterranean Sea.‎ (8) A very strong wind blew into my room. My valuable notes, lying on my desk in the room, ________ (fly) high into the air.‎ (1) ‎…they can never do anything quite right, then they will regard __________ as unfit or unable persons. ‎ (2) ‎)… But my mood quickly changed when I saw ______ first question.‎ (3) There is no easy way to success _______ language learning.‎ (4) The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary _______ (big). Read as many books as we can.‎ (5) ‎. … ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat that food! ‎ (6) I was so careless ________ I had forgotten all about that.‎ (7) ‎. Mr zheng has taught me math since Junior 1, and to show my _____________ (appreciate) I decided to get him a present.‎ (8) I must know how to care for others and try not to _____________ (understand) them.‎ (9) In the small towns of the United States in the ___________ (nineteen) century, the general store was where everyone bought the things he couldn’t make or grow at home.‎ (10) A proverb says, “Time is money”. But ______1____ my opinion, time is even ______2____ precious than money. Why? ____3______ when money is spent, we can earn it back. ____4______ , when time is gone, it will never return.‎ ‎ It is known to all that the time we can use is ______5____ (limit). Therefore we should make good ______6____ of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in _____7_____ future.‎ ‎ But it is a pity that there are a lot of people _____8_____ do not realize the value of time. They often ______9____ (waste) their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.‎ In a word, we should form the good habit of _____10_____ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today until tomorrow.‎ 真题实战 Passage 1　(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are its top__1__(attract)．‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not－for－profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I__2__(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the ‎ 600－acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be__3__(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back__4__my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，__5__I was the first Western TV reporter__6__(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include__7__(introduce) British visitors to the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by__8__(it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few__9__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle－fed，__10__other is with mum—she never suspects.‎ Passage 2　(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of __1__(great)and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of __2__ (achieve)．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __3__ (be) often acceptable.‎ Most of us are more focused __4__our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive __5__ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ Recent __6__(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks__7__(regular)．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for__8__while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely __9__ (bring) your work home.It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，__10__ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ Passage 3　(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In much of Asia，especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，__1__Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic，animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks ‎ might__2__(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__(create)special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time，__5__the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which__6__(gradual)turned into chopsticks.‎ Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，__7__lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the__8__(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__(be)too violent for use at the table.‎ Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat __10__their hands.‎ Passage 4　(2016·四川)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The giant panda__1__(love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists __2__(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very __3__(care)mother.For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something __4__(eat)！She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural __5__(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.__6__it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother continued to care for the young panda __7__more than two years.By that time，the panda no longer needed __8__(it)mother for food.However，it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then，after two and a half years，the mother __9__(drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby，__10__it was also time for the young panda to be independent.‎ Passage 5　(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.‎ I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting)．Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.‎ Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ Passage 6　(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ Passage 7　(2015·福建)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。‎ Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h ， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2) my tips for you.‎ The (3)f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.‎ Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6) (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”‎ My second piece of (8)a is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.‎ Passage 8　(2015·湖南)‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.‎ Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet for your research.‎ While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.‎ Passage 9　(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) ‎ caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?‎ While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (patience)．‎ Passage 10　(2014·广东) ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.‎ After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 2 (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We 3 (tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week， 4 for the week after.I didn't understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation.What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was 7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.‎ The next day，my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 10 (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.‎ Passage 11　(2014·福建)‎ 阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。‎ Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h ，can completely avoid waste in our lives.‎ Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) (资源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5) (节省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6) _________cutting down on waste.‎ We must keep reminding (7) (自己)that it is easier to get into something (8) _________it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage (9)d to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us to (10) no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.‎ Waste not!‎ Passage 12　(2014·湖南)‎ Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.‎ We can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However，to get a happy home life，we have to get along with 1 as well as possible.‎ An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .People should not do things 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.For example，television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) 4 loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them.‎ An equally important quality is tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people， 6 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 7 neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance.In this way，everyone will live 8 peace.‎