2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：分词专项练习

2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：分词专项练习

2020 年高考英语语法必考知识点：分词专项练习 1、More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A.taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken 2、I can't bear ____ by this kind of man. A.laughing B. laughing at C. being laughed D. being laughed at 3、It is reported that Premier Wen Jiabao visited the Red Square ____ by Russian President Putin. A.accompanying B. accompanied C. attended D. attending 4、As is known to all, Indonesia is an Asian country _____ a lot of islands. A. is consisted of B. consists of C. consisted of D.consisting of 5、The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars 6、They really had a great time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, ____ the angles and so on. A.looking out B. taking out C. finding out D. figuring out 7、The judge declared that the criminal would be ____ the very day. A.hang B. hanged C. hung D. hunged 8、Have you got used to ____ like this? A. be treated B. have been treated C. being treated D. treatment 9、___ help the people in the snowstorm in the south made him worried． A．Not known how to B．Unknown what to do to C．His knowing not how to D．His not knowing how to 10、Tom, could you get the film ____ for me, please? A.washed B. printed C. made D. developed Keys: 1、A 2、D 3、B 4、D 5、D 6、D 7、B 8、C 9、D 10、 D 分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，属于非谓语动词，在句子里不能充当谓语 动词。 A. 现在分词 现在分词 doing，表示正在进行的动作或者主动，在句子中一般作定语、状语等。 The girl singing under the tree is my sister. (作定语) Looking at the picture, he cried. (作状语) 1) 现在分词作定语 I know the girl who is playing basketball. I know the girl playing basketball. I got to know the boy who played table tennis here half a year ago. I got to know the boy playing table tennis here half a year ago. The houses which are being built are for the teachers. The houses being built are for the teachers. 2) 现在分词作状语 现在分词可以作状语，修饰动词，有时也可以修饰副词或形容词，表示程度。 After we arrived at the cinema, we found the film had been over. Arriving at the cinema, we found the film had been over. 。 AlthoughI live far from my company, I get up early every morning. Living far from my company, I get up early every morning. Because I did not know her address, I had to telephone her to come over. Not knowing her address, I had to telephone her to come over. (注意否定 形式) After she had received regular training in nursing, she could cope with the work at first. Having receivedregular training in nursing, she could cope with the work at first. 注 1：根据需要，过去分词前也可加上 when, while, until, once, though, although, as long as, so long as, unless, as if, as though, even if, even though 等词。 注 2：无论是现在分词作定语还是现在分词作状语，分词的逻辑主语通常与句子 的主语一致。 但一些特殊的短语除外，如： generally speaking strictly speaking narrowly speaking judging from B. 过去分词 过去分词 done，表示已经发生的动作或者被动，在句子中一般作定语、状语等。 1) 过去分词作定语 The story which is written by a middle school student is popular in schools. The story written by a middle school student is popular in schools. The old man, who was greatly disturbed in prison, almost lost his memory. The old man, greatly disturbed in prison, almost lost his memory. 2) 过去分词表动作已经完成或结束 an escaped prisoner a retired teacher a dated map faded follower the risen sun fallen leaves a developed country 3) 过去分词作状语 过去分词在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、让步、结果、方式、条件 When the present economic situation is looked at in this way, it doesn’t seem so gloomy. Looked at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy. Because he was seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital. Seriously injured，he had to be taken to hospital. If the village is seen in the distance, it looks more beautiful. Seen in the distance, the village looks more beautiful. Even though he had been told many times, he could not remember it. Had been told many times, he could not remember it. 注：根 据 需 要 ， 过 去 分 词 前 也可 加 上 when, while, until, once, though, although, as long as, so long as, unless, as if, as though, even if, even though 等词。 1、Sometimes___________English is quite different from_______ English in many ways． A．speaking; writing B．spoken; written C．speaking; written D．spoken; writing 2、 Tom was sitting on the floor _______ by boxes. A.surround B. surrounding C.surrounded D. was surrounded 3、Prices of daily foods ____ through the Internet can be lower than those in stores. A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying 4、_______ , I stretched my hand for it. A. I saw the book I wanted across the desk B. The book I wanted was across the desk C. Seeing the book lying across the desk D. Lying across the desk 5 、 This novel is set in the highly developed city, Shanghai, so once _______ , it will capture the hearts and minds of many ambitious youths. A. publishes B. having published C. publishing D. published 6、I wonder why Ann didn’t get _______ the job. She is the right person for it. A. to be offered B. offered C. to offer D. offering 7、Though ______ of danger, sightseers have been flocking to the site where the world’s biggest terrorist Bin Laden lived. A. warned B. warning C. being warned D. having warned 8、On the bank of the river, we found him ______ on a beach, with his eyes _______ on a kite in the sky. A. seated; fixing B. sitting; fixing C. seated; being fixed D. sitting; fixed 9、They were sitting on the top of the mountain _______ until the sunset. A. talking B. talked C. thinking D. thought 10、Mr Smith, of the speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 11、Plastic bags and boxes________ “white pollution” are attracting more and more people’s attention. A．are known as B．are known for C．known as D．known for 12、—Mum, is the pair of gloves mine? —Yes. You have to wear another pair. A. washing B. have washed C. having washed D. being washed 13、 —Who are those with the flags? —A group itself the League for Peace. A. called B. calls C. calling D. is called 14、 The clerk _______ a thief once had to leave the cooperation. A. who is suspected of being B. suspected of being C. who was suspected to be D. suspecting to 15、Was the large amount of wood _______ our bridge cut from that large forest a long time ago? A. used to build B. used to building C. was used to building D. was used to build 16、Have you heard of it? Firefighters rushed into a burning house, three of them unfortunately _______ in and ________ their lives. A. catching; lost B. caught; lost C. caught; losing D. catching; losing 17、You will live in a town close to the countryside in England, in a _______ house with all modern conveniences. A. furnished B. supplied C. offered D. provided 18、An earthquake happens when _______ energy is released in an instant. A. gathered B. collected C. accumulated D. assembled 19、 The editor’s job is to keep the newspaper and to the readers. A. balanced; interested B. balancing; interesting C. balanced; interesting D. balancing; interested 20 、 When ____ to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, ______ nervous and anxious. A. exposed; felt B. exposed; feeling C. exposing; feeling D. exposing; felt 21、At the age of twenty Steve left his hometown, _____ to return without making his mark. A. determining not B. not determined C. determined not D. not determining 22、Not ____with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them． A．being impressed B．impressing C．impressed D．having impressed 23、Was the large amount of wood _______ our bridge cut from that large forest a long time ago? A. used to build B. used to building C. was used to building D. was used to build 24、The professor came into the lab, ____ by a group of students. A. being followed B. followed C. following D. having been followed 25 、 At least twenty people were injured in the car accident, three children ____. A. includes B. including C. were included D. included 26、 Please excuse me if I have ________any of your questions ________. A. leaving; unanswering B. left; unanswered C. left; unanswering D. leaving; unanswered 27、The boy sat on the chair with his legs _______and his eyes ______up at the ceiling. A. crossing/looking B. crossed/looked C. crossed/looking D. crossing/looked 28、The cancer risks _____smoking have been well documented. A. associating with B. involved with C. involving with D. associated with 29、It was not until the People's Republic of China was ____ that his lost brother was ____. A.found; found B. found; founded C. founded; found D. founded; founded 30、 ________ at the result, the boss left without saying any word. A. Having disappointed B. Disappointing C. To be disappointed D. Disappointed 答案 1、B 2、解析：选 C。句意：汤姆坐在地板上，周围摆满了箱子。floor 与 surround 在逻辑上是动宾关系，所以用 surrounded 作后置定语。 3、B 4、解析：选 C。考查分词作状语。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语保 持一致。根据这一原则，可知 see 的逻辑主语与 I 保持一致。如果选 A 或 B，句 中没有连词，不能构成并列句或主从复合句，此时要选用非谓语动词形式，排除 A、B 两项；D 项逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，故选 C。 5、解析：选 D。句意：这本小说的写作背景是高度发达的城市——上海，所以 一旦出版，它将会吸引众多有志青年的关注。novel 与 publish 之间在逻辑上是 动宾关系，所以答案只能是过去分词。此处可以认为为了使过去分词的功能更明 显地体现，在其前面加上了 once；也可以认为是 once 从句的省略，补全为 once it is published。 6、B 7、答案:A 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然被警告有危险，但观光者直涌向世界上最大 的恐怖分子本·拉登居住的地方。前半句是“Though they are warned of danger”的省略形式 sightseers 与 warn 之间是被动关系。 8、D 9、【解析】选 A。考查分词短语作伴随状语。句意：他们坐在山顶上聊天一直聊 到太阳落山。主语 they 与 talk 之间是主谓关系，故选用 v. -ing 形式作状语。 10、A。tired of…是过去分词短语作原因状语，boring 是现在分词作定语，表 示 speech 本身的特点。 11、C 考查 be known as 的用法。be known as 意为“被叫作，被称为”， 此处 known as“white pollution”作后置定语，修饰 plastic bags and boxes， 相当于定语从句 which are known as“white pollution”。 12、D。根据答语，问语的中文意思为“妈妈，正在洗的那副手套是我的吗？”， 用进行时的被动语态，作后置定语修饰“the pair of gloves”。 13、选 C。可以用补全法做题。calling itself 作定语，修饰 group, 表示主动 关系，故用-ing 形式，若去掉 itself 则用 called 修饰 group，表示被动。本题 完整的句子为：They are a group calling itself the League for Peace. 14、解析：选 B。考查 suspect 的用法。suspect. . . to be. . . /suspect. . . of. . . 是常见结构。由 once 可知“这个职员被怀疑是小偷”发生在谓语动词之前，用 who had been suspected of being/to be 来表示，或者用过去分词短语 suspected of being/to be。 15、【解析】选 A。used to build 在此作 wood 的定语，因为 wood 与 use 之 间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 16、C 17、解析：选 A。考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：你将会居住在英国一家靠近 乡村的小镇上，你的房子带有一切现代化的便利设施，配备齐全。furnished 配 备了家具的。 18、【解析】选 C。句意为：当积累的能量在一瞬间释放出来时，地震就发生了。 accumulated 积累的，过去分词作定语修饰 energy。 19、C。balanced 在此是过去分作宾补，意为“平衡的”；interesting 作形容 词修饰物，interested 修饰人。 20、B 21、【解析】C 考查形容词短语作状语表伴随。 22、C 23、【解析】选 A。used to build 在此作 wood 的定语，因为 wood 与 use 之 间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 24、B 25、D 26、B 27、C 28、D 29、C 30、 D。句意为：对结果非常失望，老板没说话就离开了。be disappointed at 意 为 “ 对 … … 感 到 失 望 ”。 由 于 主 语 the boss 感 到 失 望 ， 所 以 不 能 用 disappointing。