上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷

上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷

‎2019年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1．（1分）A． At a special party．‎ B． At a hair﹣dressing salon．‎ C． At a night club．‎ D． At a fashion show．‎ ‎2．（1分）A． Finland．‎ B． Egypt．‎ C． Mexico．‎ D． Zambia．‎ ‎3．（1分）A． Camping．‎ B． Travelling．‎ C． Sporting．‎ D． Shopping．‎ ‎4．（1分）A． She is also a fan of Argentina．‎ B． She is also working very hard．‎ C． She loves American football so much．‎ D． She works for the World Cup．‎ ‎5．（1分）A． She threw something at a truck．‎ B． She threw herself out of window and broke her leg．‎ C． She moved a truck to save a little boy．‎ D． She rushed to a moving truck to save a kid．‎ ‎6．（1分）A． They planned to go skiing in the rain．‎ B． They just want to grab the chance．‎ C． They will probably change their mind．‎ D． They'll go skiing even in the rain．‎ ‎7．（1分）A． Lisa likes the messy situation．‎ B． Lisa made the mess．‎ C． He and Lisa are settling a problem．‎ D． Lisa likes the new place．‎ ‎8．（1分）A． The lady should stop being patient．‎ B． He can't understand the lady's feeling．‎ C． The lady should not blame others．‎ D． Nobody may be interested in her problem．‎ ‎9．（1分）A． Certain gift from Hawaii．‎ B． A grand wedding party．‎ C． Two plane tickets to Hawaii．‎ D． A picture of the moon．‎ ‎10．（1分）A． They went to see a movie．‎ B． The dancers impressed them both．‎ C． The woman is also a dancer．‎ D． The man invited the lady to the show．‎ Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear several longer conversation（s） and short passage（s）， and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation（s） and the passage（s）. The conversation（s） and the passage（s） will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5分）（1）A． Aircraft design．‎ B． Mathematics．‎ C． Engineering．‎ D． Science．‎ ‎（2）A． 40．‎ B． 14．‎ C． 4．‎ D． 0．‎ ‎（3）A． She stuck to studying engineering at college．‎ B． She addressed to students at high schools and colleges．‎ C． She tried to persuade women not to do engineering for its hard work．‎ D． She researched defense systems of satellites and rockets．‎ ‎12．（4.5分）（1）A． The South Atlantic Ocean．‎ B． The coast of South America．‎ C． African continent．‎ D． The coast of Angola．‎ ‎（2）A． He studies the similarities between ancient and modern animals．‎ B． He discovers the remains of ancient sea animals on the coast．‎ C． He studies the cause of separation of South America and Africa．‎ D． He helps do the arrangement of the ancient animal remains in a museum．‎ ‎（3）A． Because the remains were exposed on the coast．‎ B． Because these animals used to live close to each other in one place．‎ C． Because these animals were driven to one place and killed．‎ D． Because these animals were all eaten by one large， fierce ancient sea animal．‎ ‎13．（6分）（1）A． A saving account in a single name．‎ B． A saving account in joint names．‎ C． A checking account in a single name．‎ D． A checking account in joint names．‎ ‎（2）A． 4．‎ B． 3‎ C． 2‎ D． 1‎ ‎（3）A． The lady and her brothers or sisters．‎ B． The lady's parents．‎ C． The lady and her father．‎ D． The lady and her mother．‎ ‎（4）A． Identification paper， photograph， a letter of introduction and some money．‎ B． Identification paper， some clarifications， a letter of introduction and some money．‎ C． A letter of introduction， photographs， a check book and some money．‎ D． Driving license， identification paper， photos， and a letter of introduction．‎ II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎14．（10分）The Battle of Chancellorsville， one of the most famous battles of the Civil War， took place in Virginia in the spring of 1863． For months， the two armies had been staying on opposite banks of a narrow river． The Confederate（南方联盟） troops were led by perhaps （1）　 　 （honored） military tactician（战略家） in American history， General Robert E． Lee． The Union （北方联盟）soldiers were led by "Fighting" Joe Hooker．‎ ‎ In appearance， personality， and lifestyle， these men were nearly perfect opposites． Lee， an older man in poor health with a gray beard， had a solemn， measured character． Hooker was a blond， broad﹣shouldered young man （2）　 　 pride over his appearance was but one aspect of his self﹣centeredness． Whereas Lee was loyal and principled， Hooker was known for his rollicking enjoyment of both women and whiskey．‎ ‎ Despite the fact that the Confederacy （3）　 　 （win） the last four major battles and the Union soldiers were starving， （4）　 　 （exhaust）， and demoralized， Hooker proclaimed， "My plans are perfect． And when I start to carry them out， （5）　 　 God have mercy on Bobby Lee， for I shall have none．" Why was Hooker so confident？‎ ‎ Hooker had used spies， analysts， and even hot air balloons to compile a vast amount of intelligence about Lee's army． He had already been aware， for example， （6）　 　 Lee had only 61，000men to Hooker's own 134，000． Supported by his superior numbers， Hooker secretly moved 70，000of his men fifteen miles up and across the river， and then ordered them to sneak back down to position themselves （7）　 　 Lee's army． In effect， Hooker had cut off the Confederate soldiers in front and behind． They were trapped． Satisfied with his advantage， Hooker became convinced that Lee's only option was to retreat to Richmond， thus （8）　 　 （assure） a Union victory．‎ ‎ Yet Lee， despite his disadvantages of both numbers and position， did not retreat． Instead， he moved his troops into position to attack． Union soldiers who tried to warn Hooker that Lee was on the offensive （9）　 　 （dismiss） as cowards． Having become convinced that Lee had no choice but （10）　 　 （retreat）， Hooker began to ignore reality． When Lee's army attacked the Union soldiers at 5：00 p．m．， they were eating supper， completely unprepared for battle． They abandoned their rifles and fled as Lee's troops came shrieking out of the brush， bayonets drawn． Against all odds， Lee won the Battle of Chancellorsville， and Hooker's forces withdrew in defeat．‎ Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10分）‎ A． inadequate B． repeatedly C． process D． achieve E． directed F． reactions G． raising H． eliminate I． characterized J． immediate K． mechanism The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature， especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity． Heat （1）　 　 usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise． When the body becomes overheated and cannot （2）　 　 this overheatedness， heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible．‎ ‎ Heat exhaustion is generally （3）　 　 by sweaty skin， tiredness， sickness， dizziness， plentiful sweating， and sometimes fainting， resulting from a（n） （4）　 　 intake of water and the loss of fluids． First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down， （5）　 　 the feet 8 to 12 inches， applying cool， wet cloths to the skin， and giving the victim sips of salt water （1teaspoon per glass， half a glass every 15 minutes） over a 1﹣hour period．‎ ‎ Heat stroke is much more serious； it is a（n） （6）　 　 life﹣threatening situation． The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature （which may reach 106° F or more）； a rapid pulse； hot， dry skin； and a blocked sweating （7）　 　． Victims of this condition may be unconscious， and first﹣aid measures should be （8）　 　 at quickly cooling the body． The victim should be placed in a tub of cold ‎ water or （9）　 　 sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered． Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling （10）　 　． Care should be taken， however， not to over﹣chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎16．（15分）For centuries， time was measured by the position of the sun with the use of sundials． Noon was recognized when the sun was the highest in the sky， and cities would set their clock by this apparent （1）　 　 time， even though some cities would often be on a slightly different time． Daylight Saving Time （DST）， sometimes called summer time， was （2）　 　 to make better use of daylight． Thus， clocks are set forward one hour in the spring to move an hour of daylight from the morning to the evening and then set back one hour in the fall to return to （3）　 　 daylight．‎ ‎ Benjamin Franklin first conceived the idea of daylight saving during his term as an American delegate in Paris in 1784 and wrote about it （4）　 　 in his essay， "An Economical Project．" It is said that Franklin awoke early one morning and was surprised to see the sunlight at such an hour． Always the （5）　 　， Franklin believed the practice of moving the time could save on the use of candlelight， as candles were expensive at the time．‎ ‎ In England， builder William Willett （1857﹣1915）became a strong supporter for Daylight Saving Time upon noticing blinds（百叶窗） of many houses were （6）　 　 on an early sunny morning． Willet believed everyone， including himself， would appreciate longer hours of light in the evenings． In 1909， Sir Robert Pearce （7）　 　 a bill in the House of Commons to make it obligatory（义务） to （8）　 　 the clocks． A bill was drafted and introduced into Parliament several times but met with great opposition， mostly from farmers． （9）　 　， in 1925， it was decided that summer time should begin on the day following the third Saturday in April and close after the first Saturday in October．‎ ‎ The U．S． Congress passed the Standard Time Act of 1918 to establish standard time and （10）　 　 and set Daylight Saving Time across the continent． This act also devised（制定） five time （11）　 　 throughout the United States： Eastern， Central，‎ ‎ Mountain， Pacific， and Alaska． The first time zone was set on "the mean astronomical time of the seventy﹣fifth degree of longitude west from Greenwich" （England）． In 1919， this act was abandoned．‎ ‎ President Roosevelt established year﹣round Daylight Saving Time （also called War Time） from 1942﹣1945． However， after this period， each state （12）　 　 its own DST， which proved to be （13）　 　 to television and radio broadcasting and transportation． In 1966， President Lyndon Johnson created the Department of Transportation and signed the Uniform Time Act． As a result， the Department of Transportation was given the responsibility for the time laws． During the oil embargo（禁运） and energy crisis of the 1970s， President Richard Nixon （14）　 　 DST through the Daylight Saving Time Energy Act of 1973 to conserve energy further． This law was （15）　 　 in 1986， and Daylight Saving Time was reset to begin on the first Sunday in April （to spring ahead） and end on the last Sunday in October （to fall back）．‎ ‎（1）A． popular B． solar C． particular D． singular ‎（2）A． employed B． evaluated C． distributed D． contributed ‎（3）A． fruitful B． full C． beautiful D． normal ‎（4）A． negatively B． alternatively C． extensively D． aggressively ‎（5）A． journalist B． physicist C． chemist D． economist ‎（6）A． closed B． opened C． fixed D． installed ‎（7）A． introduced B． restricted C． donated D． deleted ‎（8）A． stop B． adjust C． wind D． mend ‎（9）A． Permanently B． Eventually C． Unfortunately D． Theoretically ‎（10）A． reserve B． persevere C． preserve D． observe ‎（11）A． places B． districts C． zones D． territories ‎（12）A． interrupted B． tempted C． imported D． adopted ‎（13）A． pleasing B． confusing C． convincing D． comforting ‎（14）A． extended B． afforded C． abandoned D． defended ‎（15）A． assembled B． combined C． abused D． modified Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎17．（8分）The lives of the Ancient Greeks revolved（运转） around Eris， a concept by which they defined the universe． They believed that the world existed in a condition of opposites． If there was good， then there was evil；if there was love， then there was hatred； joy， then sorrow； war， then peace； and so on． The Greeks believed that good Eris occurred when one held a balanced outlook on life and coped with problems as they arose． It was a kind of ease of living that came from trying to bring together the great opposing forces in nature． Bad Eris was evident in the violent conditions that ruled men's lives． Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled， it was believed that bad Eris occurred when one ignored a problem， letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person， but his family as well． The Ancient Greeks saw Eris as a goddess： Eris， the Goddess of Discord， better known as Trouble．‎ ‎ One myth that expresses this concept of bad Eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis． Zeus， the supreme ruler， learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father． Not wanting to father his own ruin， Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human， a mortal（凡人） whose child could never challenge the gods． He promises her， among other things， the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please． This is one of the first mixed marriages of Greek Mythology and the lesson learned from it still applies today． They do invite everyone…except Eris， the Goddess of Discord． In other words， instead of facing the problems brought on by a mixed marriage， they turn their backs on them． They refused to deal directly with their problems and the result is tragic． In her fury（狂怒）， Eris arrives， ruins the wedding， causes a jealous argument between the three major goddesses over a golden apple， and sets in place the conditions that lead to the Trojan War． The war would take place 20 years in the future， but it would result in the death of the only child of the bride and groom，‎ ‎ Achilles． Eris would destroy the parents' hopes for their future， leaving the couple with no legal heirs （继承人） to the throne．‎ ‎ Hence， when we are told， "If you don't invite trouble， trouble comes，" it means that if we don't deal with our problems， our problems will deal with us…with a revenge! It is easy to see why the Greeks considered many of their myths learning myths， for this one teaches us the best way to defeat that which can destroy us．‎ ‎（1）Bad Eris is defined in the passage as　 　‎ A． the violent conditions of life．‎ B． the problems man encounters．‎ C． the evil goddess who has a golden apple．‎ D． the murderer of generations．‎ ‎（2）Zeus married Thetis off because　 　‎ A． he needed to buy the loyalty of a great king of mankind．‎ B． he feared the gods would create bad Eris by competing over her．‎ C． he feared the Trojan War would be fought over her．‎ D． he feared being a father of a boy who would kill him in the future．‎ ‎（3）Zeus did not fear a child of King Peleus because　 　‎ A． he knew that the child could not climb Mt． Olympus and manage to kill a god．‎ B． he knew that the child would be killed in the Trojan War which would happen in 20 years．‎ C． he knew that no matter how strong a mortal child was， he couldn't overthrow an immortal god．‎ D． he knew that Thetis would always love him above everyone else．‎ ‎（4）What does the myth in the passage want to tell us？　 　‎ A． Do not consider a mixed marriage．‎ B． Do not anger the gods．‎ C． Do not ignore the problems that arise in life．‎ D． Do not take myths seriously．‎ ‎18．（6分）The National Storytelling Youth Olympics is an event where thousands of kids from ‎ grades 6 to 12 compete against each other by telling stories． It is sponsored by the Master's Degree Program in Reading and Storytelling at East Tennessee State University． The sole purpose of this event is to promote and encourage both the art and science of storytelling among middle school and high school students． Although this event is competitive， its underlying intent and goal is to provide students across the nation with a reason to practice numerous noncompetitive skills．‎ ‎ Those skills include skillful sportsmanship ， responsible behavior， and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre． The eventual goal of the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is to encourage every classroom in America to discover （or rediscover） the beauty of storytelling and story performance．‎ ‎ The National Storytelling Youth Olympics takes place usually around the first weekend in March． Students from all over the country arrive by bus， plane， or automobile in Johnson City， Tennessee． They usually arrive on Thursday or Friday． Those that arrive on Thursday take advantage of their early arrival by telling stories at local schools． On Friday， an evening meal is prepared for all contestants， coaches， and parents． Games are played， stories are told， and lifetime friendships begin． Saturday is the day of the big event． A luncheon（午餐会） is held in the afternoon so contestants can familiarize themselves with the surroundings and do a sound check．‎ ‎ The event is divided into three categories separated by grades． Contestants are judged not only by their storytelling performance， but also by the attitude and behavior they display during the entire weekend． A winner is picked from each of the three categories； however， there is an overall winner who is granted the name of Grand Torch Bearer． This person is selected not only by the judges， but also by the contestants． After the winners have been announced， the contestants retreat back to their hotel where a celebratory ice cream party is held； and believe it or not， they tell more stories! This is what the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is all about： developing a love for the art of storytelling．‎ ‎（1）Which of the following sets of words best describes the Grand Torch Bearer？　 　‎ A． competitive， ambitious， talented B． respectful， responsible， skilled C． athletic， determined， creative D． imaginative， individualistic， pessimistic ‎（2）Why would someone MOST LIKELY choose to attend the National Storytelling Youth Olympics？　 　‎ A． To refine storytelling skills while meeting new friends．‎ B． To compete fiercely with the best storytellers in the country．‎ C． To earn money and fame．‎ D． To develop one's personal skill in lecture only．‎ ‎（3）When is dinner prepared for all contestants， coaches， and parents？　 　‎ A． Wednesday．‎ B． Friday．‎ C． Thursday．‎ D． Saturday．‎ ‎19．（8分）Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of the purpose， process， nature and ideals of education． It can be considered a branch of both philosophy and education． Education can be defined as the teaching and learning of specific skills， and the imparting of knowledge， judgment and wisdom， and is something broader than the societal institution of education we often speak of．‎ ‎ Many educationalists consider it a weak and imprecise field， too far removed from the practical applications of the real world to be useful． But philosophers dating back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis， and there is little doubt that their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia．‎ ‎ Plato is the earliest important educational thinker， and education is an essential element in "The Republic" （his most important work on philosophy and political theory， written around 360 B．C．）． In it， he advocates some rather extreme methods： removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the state， and differentiating children suitable to the various castes（社会等级）， the highest receiving the most education， so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able． He believed that education should be holistic（全面的）， including facts， skills， physical discipline， music and art． Plato believed that talent and intelligence is not distributed genetically and thus is to be ‎ found in children born to all classes， although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model．‎ ‎ Aristotle considered human nature， habit and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education， the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens． He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically， and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits， unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas． He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught， among which he clearly mentions reading， writing， mathematics， music， physical education， literature， history， and a wide range of sciences， as well as play， which he also considered important．‎ ‎ During the period of Middle Age， the idea of Perennialism was first formulated by St． Thomas Aquinas in his work "De Magistro"． Perennialism holds that one should teach those things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere， namely principles and reasoning， not just facts （which are apt to change over time）， and that one should teach first about people， not machines or techniques． It was originally religious in nature， and it was only much later that a theory of worldly Perennialism developed．‎ ‎ During the Renaissance（文艺复兴）， the French doubter Michel de Montaigne （1533 ﹣ 1592）was one of the first to critically look at education． Unusually for his time， Montaigne was willing to question the conventional wisdom of the period， calling into question the whole structure of the educational system， and the assumption that university﹣educated philosophers were necessarily wiser than uneducated farm workers， for example．‎ ‎（1）Why do many educationists consider philosophy a ‘weak and imprecise field'？　 　‎ A． It is the practical applications of the real world．‎ B． Its theoretical concepts are easily understood．‎ C． It is irrelevant for education．‎ D． It is not practically applicable．‎ ‎（2）What is the difference between the approaches of Socrates and Aristotle？　 　‎ A． Aristotle felt the need for repetition to develop good habits in students； Socrates felt that ‎ students need to be constantly questioned．‎ B． Aristotle felt the need for rote﹣learning； Socrates emphasized on dialogic learning．‎ C． There was no difference．‎ D． Aristotle emphasized on the importance of paying attention to human nature； Socrates emphasized upon science．‎ ‎（3）According to the passage， the underlined word "Perennialism" most probably refers to something　 　‎ A． that is unnecessary．‎ B． that is of ceaseless importance．‎ C． that is abstract and theoretical．‎ D． that exists no more．‎ ‎（4）Why did Aquinas propose a model of education which did not lay much emphasis on facts？　 　‎ A． Facts are not important．‎ B． Facts do not lead to holistic education．‎ C． Facts change with the changing times．‎ D． Facts are frozen in time．‎ Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8分）‎ A． These questions may well get clearer and clearer during the process of academic writing．‎ B． The introduction should function as the hook which draws the reader in and holds his attention．‎ C． It is a formal skill， which requires precision and accuracy， and is perfected by continuous and dedicated practice．‎ D． If one is hesitant to answer even one of the aforementioned questions， one had better not write at all!‎ E． It may take one a considerable period of time to know the skills of academic writing， even long after his/her college graduation．‎ F． It is a time﹣consuming activity and demands patience and perseverance．‎ The art of academic writing is not easy to master． （1　 　 Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument， which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time． （2）　 　 But the joy of reading and sharing with others， one's succinctly composed piece of argument， is incomparable．‎ ‎ Before beginning to write， the writer must ask himself a few questions ﹣ Why am I writing？ What is it that I intend to share with others？ What purpose will my writing serve？ Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write？ （3）　 　 Because academic writing is a serious activity ﹣ it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well﹣argued pieces of writing．‎ ‎ The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of ﹣ Introduction （which should be around ten percent of the entire essay）， Body （it should constitute eighty percent of the piece） and the Conclusion （again， ten per cent of the essay）． （4）　 　 The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re﹣state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece．‎ IV. Summary Writing ‎ ‎21．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ ‎ What started as a race to space between the United States and Russia has turned out to be a technological revolution that has greatly improved the quality of daily life throughout the world． Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA） have invented new technology to make space flights doable． The same technology， when applied on Earth， has produced thousands of products in the areas of health and sports that have significant impacts on our lives．‎ ‎ Many of these improvements are in the fields of health and medicine． NASA﹣inspired technology fueled the great advances in the early detection of deadly diseases． For instance，‎ ‎ computer chips designed for the Hubble telescope are used in digital imaging devices that help medical professionals detect cancer at very early stages． Eye doctors can now diagnose vision problems in very young children by using ocular screening． Ultrasound scanners， portable x﹣ray devices， and bone analyzers are among the medical devices developed with the help of space technology．‎ ‎ Fogless ski goggles and special sportswear are among the hundreds of items of sports equipment inspired by NASA technology． Space technology has been applied to sports too． The running shoes that athletes use today have midsoles that act like shock absorbers and keep the runners steady while in motion． These shoes utilize the technology NASA used to design the moon boot． In golf， athletes use a new ball that employs NASA research on how to make the flight of the ball from the tee to the green faster and more accurate． In swimming， athletes can swim faster because of NASA﹣developed riblets in the fabric of their swimsuits．‎ ‎ Almost all aspects of daily life continue to improve because NASA scientists are still at work． Transportation， methods of preparing food， and work environments are other ways in which NASA technology has made significant changes．‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎22．（3分）遇到突发危险时，人会茫然不知所措，这是很正常的．（which）　 　‎ ‎23．（4分）一个人究竟怎样才能完成这样一个伟大的工程呢？（How）　 　‎ ‎24．（4分）在此之前，他从未和那位主编讨论过自己的新书．（Not）　 　‎ ‎25．（4分）情况是在不断地变化，要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习．（adapt）　 　‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎26．（25分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ 学校将组织一次"我心目中的英雄"主题班会活动，请你以Heroes in My Heart为题，写一篇演讲稿． 基本要求如下：‎ ‎• 你心目中英雄的标准；‎ ‎• 你心目中英雄的事迹简介（请举1﹣2例）；‎ ‎• 从这些英雄事迹中，你学到了些什么？‎ ‎2019年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷 参考答案与试题解析 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1．（1分）A． At a special party．‎ B． At a hair﹣dressing salon．‎ C． At a night club．‎ D． At a fashion show．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 ‎2．（1分）A． Finland．‎ B． Egypt．‎ C． Mexico．‎ D． Zambia．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】D ‎【点评】略 ‎3．（1分）A． Camping．‎ B． Travelling．‎ C． Sporting．‎ D． Shopping．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】A ‎【点评】略 ‎4．（1分）A． She is also a fan of Argentina．‎ B． She is also working very hard．‎ C． She loves American football so much．‎ D． She works for the World Cup．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 ‎5．（1分）A． She threw something at a truck．‎ B． She threw herself out of window and broke her leg．‎ C． She moved a truck to save a little boy．‎ D． She rushed to a moving truck to save a kid．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】D ‎【点评】略 ‎6．（1分）A． They planned to go skiing in the rain．‎ B． They just want to grab the chance．‎ C． They will probably change their mind．‎ D． They'll go skiing even in the rain．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎7．（1分）A． Lisa likes the messy situation．‎ B． Lisa made the mess．‎ C． He and Lisa are settling a problem．‎ D． Lisa likes the new place．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】D ‎【点评】略 ‎8．（1分）A． The lady should stop being patient．‎ B． He can't understand the lady's feeling．‎ C． The lady should not blame others．‎ D． Nobody may be interested in her problem．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎9．（1分）A． Certain gift from Hawaii．‎ B． A grand wedding party．‎ C． Two plane tickets to Hawaii．‎ D． A picture of the moon．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】C ‎【点评】略 ‎10．（1分）A． They went to see a movie．‎ B． The dancers impressed them both．‎ C． The woman is also a dancer．‎ D． The man invited the lady to the show．‎ ‎【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】B ‎【点评】略 Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear several longer conversation（s） and short passage（s）， and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation（s） and the passage（s）. The conversation（s） and the passage（s） will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎11．（4.5分）（1）A． Aircraft design．‎ B． Mathematics．‎ C． Engineering．‎ D． Science．‎ ‎（2）A． 40．‎ B． 14．‎ C． 4．‎ D． 0．‎ ‎（3）A． She stuck to studying engineering at college．‎ B． She addressed to students at high schools and colleges．‎ C． She tried to persuade women not to do engineering for its hard work．‎ D． She researched defense systems of satellites and rockets．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】11﹣13 BDB ‎【点评】略 ‎12．（4.5分）（1）A． The South Atlantic Ocean．‎ B． The coast of South America．‎ C． African continent．‎ D． The coast of Angola．‎ ‎（2）A． He studies the similarities between ancient and modern animals．‎ B． He discovers the remains of ancient sea animals on the coast．‎ C． He studies the cause of separation of South America and Africa．‎ D． He helps do the arrangement of the ancient animal remains in a museum．‎ ‎（3）A． Because the remains were exposed on the coast．‎ B． Because these animals used to live close to each other in one place．‎ C． Because these animals were driven to one place and killed．‎ D． Because these animals were all eaten by one large， fierce ancient sea animal．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】14﹣16 DDB ‎【点评】略 ‎13．（6分）（1）A． A saving account in a single name．‎ B． A saving account in joint names．‎ C． A checking account in a single name．‎ D． A checking account in joint names．‎ ‎（2）A． 4．‎ B． 3‎ C． 2‎ D． 1‎ ‎（3）A． The lady and her brothers or sisters．‎ B． The lady's parents．‎ C． The lady and her father．‎ D． The lady and her mother．‎ ‎（4）A． Identification paper， photograph， a letter of introduction and some money．‎ B． Identification paper， some clarifications， a letter of introduction and some money．‎ C． A letter of introduction， photographs， a check book and some money．‎ D． Driving license， identification paper， photos， and a letter of introduction．‎ ‎【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】略 ‎【解答】17﹣20 BACA ‎【点评】略 II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a ‎ given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎14．（10分）The Battle of Chancellorsville， one of the most famous battles of the Civil War， took place in Virginia in the spring of 1863． For months， the two armies had been staying on opposite banks of a narrow river． The Confederate（南方联盟） troops were led by perhaps （1）　the most honored　 （honored） military tactician（战略家） in American history， General Robert E． Lee． The Union （北方联盟）soldiers were led by "Fighting" Joe Hooker．‎ ‎ In appearance， personality， and lifestyle， these men were nearly perfect opposites． Lee， an older man in poor health with a gray beard， had a solemn， measured character． Hooker was a blond， broad﹣shouldered young man （2）　whose　 pride over his appearance was but one aspect of his self﹣centeredness． Whereas Lee was loyal and principled， Hooker was known for his rollicking enjoyment of both women and whiskey．‎ ‎ Despite the fact that the Confederacy （3）　had won　 （win） the last four major battles and the Union soldiers were starving， （4）　exhausted　 （exhaust）， and demoralized， Hooker proclaimed， "My plans are perfect． And when I start to carry them out， （5）　may　 God have mercy on Bobby Lee， for I shall have none．" Why was Hooker so confident？‎ ‎ Hooker had used spies， analysts， and even hot air balloons to compile a vast amount of intelligence about Lee's army． He had already been aware， for example， （6）　that　 Lee had only 61，000men to Hooker's own 134，000． Supported by his superior numbers， Hooker secretly moved 70，000of his men fifteen miles up and across the river， and then ordered them to sneak back down to position themselves （7）　behind　 Lee's army． In effect， Hooker had cut off the Confederate soldiers in front and behind． They were trapped． Satisfied with his advantage， Hooker became convinced that Lee's only option was to retreat to Richmond， thus （8）　assuring　 （assure） a Union victory．‎ ‎ Yet Lee， despite his disadvantages of both numbers and position， did not retreat． Instead， he moved his troops into position to attack． Union soldiers who tried to warn Hooker that Lee was on the offensive （9）　were dismissed　 （dismiss） as cowards． Having become convinced that Lee had no choice but （10）　to retreat　 （retreat）， Hooker began to ‎ ignore reality． When Lee's army attacked the Union soldiers at 5：00 p．m．， they were eating supper， completely unprepared for battle． They abandoned their rifles and fled as Lee's troops came shrieking out of the brush， bayonets drawn． Against all odds， Lee won the Battle of Chancellorsville， and Hooker's forces withdrew in defeat．‎ ‎【考点】N6：语法填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】文章讲述了美国内战期间一场有名的战争，由南方联盟将军General Robert E． Lee领导的对抗北方联盟军的一场战争．‎ ‎【解答】1． the most honored．考查最高级，最受尊崇的，结合句意可知填最高级，故填the most honored．‎ ‎2． whose．考查连词，先行词是young man，在定语从句中与pride是从属关系，故填关系代词whose．‎ ‎3． had won．考查时态，表示已经赢得的四场重要的战争，因为是过去的过去，故填过去完成时，had won．‎ ‎4． exhausted．考查形容词，根据系动词were，可知后面填形容词，士兵筋疲力尽，故填exhausted．‎ ‎5． may．考查情态动词，may表达希望，祝愿，这里是希望上帝怜悯，故填may．‎ ‎6． that．考查连词，be aware that：知道，了解，固定搭配，故填that．‎ ‎7． behind．考查介词，在李的部队之后驻扎，故填behind．‎ ‎8． assuring．考查非谓语， Hooker 与assure之间是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，确保联盟军胜利，故填assuring．‎ ‎9． were dismissed．考查被动，主语是soldiers，因为是过去的动作，故填were dismissed．‎ ‎10． to retreat．考查不定式，have no choice but to do sth：除了某事别无选择，故填to retreat．‎ ‎【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．‎ Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ ‎15．（10分）‎ A． inadequate B． repeatedly C． process D． achieve E． directed F． reactions G． raising H． eliminate I． characterized J． immediate K． mechanism The human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature， especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity． Heat （1）　F　 usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exhausting exercise． When the body becomes overheated and cannot （2）　H　 this overheatedness， heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible．‎ ‎ Heat exhaustion is generally （3）　I　 by sweaty skin， tiredness， sickness， dizziness， plentiful sweating， and sometimes fainting， resulting from a（n） （4）　A　 intake of water and the loss of fluids． First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down， （5）　G　 the feet 8 to 12 inches， applying cool， wet cloths to the skin， and giving the victim sips of salt water （1teaspoon per glass， half a glass every 15 minutes） over a 1﹣hour period．‎ ‎ Heat stroke is much more serious； it is a（n） （6）　J　 life﹣threatening situation． The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature （which may reach 106° F or more）； a rapid pulse； hot， dry skin； and a blocked sweating （7）　K　． Victims of this condition may be unconscious， and first﹣aid measures should be （8）　E　 at quickly cooling the body． The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or （9）　B　 sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered． Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling （10）　C　． Care should be taken， however， not to over﹣chill the victim once the temperature is below 102° F．‎ ‎【考点】N8：选词填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文讲述的是夏季中暑的症状和原因，以及如何处理中暑的情况，应将患者置于装有冷水的浴缸中或反复用冷水擦洗，直至其体温充分降低．‎ ‎【解答】FHIAG JKEBC ‎1．‎ ‎ F．句意理解题．热反应通常发生在筋疲力尽的运动后，由于出汗过多而失去大量的水和盐．故选F．‎ ‎2．H．句意理解题．当身体过热而无法消除这种过热时，就有可能出现中暑和中暑．故选H．‎ ‎3．I．句意理解题．热衰竭的一般特征是皮肤出汗，疲劳，疾病，头晕，大量出汗．故选I．‎ ‎4．A．句意理解题．是由于水的摄入不足和液体的流失而引起的．故选A．‎ ‎5．G．句意理解题．这种情况的急救措施包括让受害者躺下，将脚抬高8到12英寸．故选G．‎ ‎6．J．句意理解题．中暑严重得多；这是一个直接危及生命的情况．故选J．‎ ‎7．K．句意理解题．中暑的特点是体温较高（可达106华氏度或以上），炎热、干燥使皮肤分出汗机制受阻．故选K．‎ ‎8．E．句意理解题．急救措施应当时迅速冷却身体．故选E．‎ ‎9．B．句意理解题．应将患者置于装有冷水的浴缸中或反复用冷水擦洗，直至其体温充分降低．故选B．‎ ‎1．C．句意理解题．风扇或空调也有助于冷却过程．故选C．‎ ‎【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑句子大意的前提下，还应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．‎ III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎16．（15分）For centuries， time was measured by the position of the sun with the use of sundials． Noon was recognized when the sun was the highest in the sky， and cities would set their clock by this apparent （1）　B　 time， even though some cities would often be on a slightly different time． Daylight Saving Time （DST）， sometimes called summer time， was （2）　A　 to make better use of daylight． Thus， clocks are set forward one hour in the spring to move an hour of daylight from the morning to the evening and then set back one hour in the fall to return to （3）　D　 daylight．‎ ‎ Benjamin Franklin first conceived the idea of daylight saving during his term as an American delegate in Paris in 1784 and wrote about it （4）　C　 in his essay， "An ‎ Economical Project．" It is said that Franklin awoke early one morning and was surprised to see the sunlight at such an hour． Always the （5）　D　， Franklin believed the practice of moving the time could save on the use of candlelight， as candles were expensive at the time．‎ ‎ In England， builder William Willett （1857﹣1915）became a strong supporter for Daylight Saving Time upon noticing blinds（百叶窗） of many houses were （6）　A　 on an early sunny morning． Willet believed everyone， including himself， would appreciate longer hours of light in the evenings． In 1909， Sir Robert Pearce （7）　A　 a bill in the House of Commons to make it obligatory（义务） to （8）　B　 the clocks． A bill was drafted and introduced into Parliament several times but met with great opposition， mostly from farmers． （9）　B　， in 1925， it was decided that summer time should begin on the day following the third Saturday in April and close after the first Saturday in October．‎ ‎ The U．S． Congress passed the Standard Time Act of 1918 to establish standard time and （10）　C　 and set Daylight Saving Time across the continent． This act also devised（制定） five time （11）　C　 throughout the United States： Eastern， Central， Mountain， Pacific， and Alaska． The first time zone was set on "the mean astronomical time of the seventy﹣fifth degree of longitude west from Greenwich" （England）． In 1919， this act was abandoned．‎ ‎ President Roosevelt established year﹣round Daylight Saving Time （also called War Time） from 1942﹣1945． However， after this period， each state （12）　D　 its own DST， which proved to be （13）　B　 to television and radio broadcasting and transportation． In 1966， President Lyndon Johnson created the Department of Transportation and signed the Uniform Time Act． As a result， the Department of Transportation was given the responsibility for the time laws． During the oil embargo（禁运） and energy crisis of the 1970s， President Richard Nixon （14）　A　 DST through the Daylight Saving Time Energy Act of 1973 to conserve energy further． This law was （15）　D　 in 1986， and Daylight Saving Time was reset to begin on the first Sunday in April （to spring ahead） and end on the last Sunday in October （to fall back）．‎ ‎（1）A． popular B． solar C． particular D． singular ‎（2）A． employed B． evaluated C． distributed D． contributed ‎（3）A． fruitful B． full C． beautiful D． normal ‎（4）A． negatively B． alternatively C． extensively D． aggressively ‎（5）A． journalist B． physicist C． chemist D． economist ‎（6）A． closed B． opened C． fixed D． installed ‎（7）A． introduced B． restricted C． donated D． deleted ‎（8）A． stop B． adjust C． wind D． mend ‎（9）A． Permanently B． Eventually C． Unfortunately D． Theoretically ‎（10）A． reserve B． persevere C． preserve D． observe ‎（11）A． places B． districts C． zones D． territories ‎（12）A． interrupted B． tempted C． imported D． adopted ‎（13）A． pleasing B． confusing C． convincing D． comforting ‎（14）A． extended B． afforded C． abandoned D． defended ‎（15）A． assembled B． combined C． abused D． modified ‎【考点】M2：社会文化．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】短文主要讲了人们记录时间的方式，以及各种不同的时间法案的通过，最终才形成今天的大家都认可的法律．‎ ‎【解答】1﹣15 BADCD AABBC CDBAD ‎1．B．形容词的辨析，popular出名的，solar太阳系的，particular独有的，singular奇特的，城市的钟都是以这种太阳的时间来设置的，故答案为B．‎ ‎2．A．动词的辨析，employed雇佣，evaluated评估，distributed分配，contributed贡献，这种日光节约时制被用来更好地利用日光，故答案为A．‎ ‎3．D．形容词的辨析，fruitful硕果累累的，full满的，beautiful美丽的，normal正常的，此处指在秋天的时候钟就调慢一个小时回到正常的日光时间，故答案为D．‎ ‎4．C．副词的辨析，negatively否定地，alternatively或者，extensively广泛地，aggressively侵略地，此处指Benjamin Franklin大致地在他的文章中写到日光节约时制这个想法，故答案为C．‎ ‎5．D．名词的辨析，journalist记者，physicist物理学家，chemist化学家，economist经济学家，这种移动的行为能节省人们蜡烛的使用，由于蜡烛在那个时候是很贵的，因此他是比较经济的一个人，故答案为D．‎ ‎6．A．动词的辨析，closed关闭，opened打开，fixed修理，installed装置，建筑者William Willett发现在早晨的时候很多家里的百叶窗就关了，故答案为A．‎ ‎7．A．动词的辨析，introduced引入，restricted限制，donated捐赠，deleted删除，1909年下议院的Robert Pearce提出有必要调整时钟的法案，故答案为A．‎ ‎8．B．动词的辨析，stop停止，adjust调整，wind蜿蜒，mend修理，此处指1909年下议院的Robert Pearce提出有必要调整时钟的法案，故答案为B．‎ ‎9．B．副词的辨析，Permanently永久地，Eventually最后，Unfortunately不幸地，Theoretically理论上，此处指的是1925年最终的结果，故答案为 B．‎ ‎10．C．动词的辨析，reserve保留，persevere坚持，preserve保护，observe观察，美国在1918年通过标准时间法案来保护和设立日光节约时制，故答案为C．‎ ‎11．C．名词的辨析，places地方，districts地区，zones区域，territories领土，根据下文的The first time zone可知，这个法案同时也制定了五个时区，故答案为C．‎ ‎12．D．动词的辨析，interrupted打断，tempted吸引，imported进口，adopted采用，这个期间之后，每个州都采用自己的日光节约时制，故答案为D．‎ ‎13．B．动词的辨析，根据语境各个州都使用自己的时制，那么就会混淆电视、广播和交通，因此使用confusing，故答案为B．‎ ‎14．A．动词的辨析，extended延伸，afforded支付得起，abandoned抛弃，defended保卫，Richard Nixon总统把日光节约时制延伸到节约能源上，故答案为A．‎ ‎15．D．动词的辨析，assembled收集，combined结合，abused滥用，modified改进，这个节约能源时间法案在1986年被修改，故答案为D．‎ ‎【点评】在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．‎ Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you ‎ have just read.‎ ‎17．（8分）The lives of the Ancient Greeks revolved（运转） around Eris， a concept by which they defined the universe． They believed that the world existed in a condition of opposites． If there was good， then there was evil；if there was love， then there was hatred； joy， then sorrow； war， then peace； and so on． The Greeks believed that good Eris occurred when one held a balanced outlook on life and coped with problems as they arose． It was a kind of ease of living that came from trying to bring together the great opposing forces in nature． Bad Eris was evident in the violent conditions that ruled men's lives． Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled， it was believed that bad Eris occurred when one ignored a problem， letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person， but his family as well． The Ancient Greeks saw Eris as a goddess： Eris， the Goddess of Discord， better known as Trouble．‎ ‎ One myth that expresses this concept of bad Eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis． Zeus， the supreme ruler， learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father． Not wanting to father his own ruin， Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human， a mortal（凡人） whose child could never challenge the gods． He promises her， among other things， the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please． This is one of the first mixed marriages of Greek Mythology and the lesson learned from it still applies today． They do invite everyone…except Eris， the Goddess of Discord． In other words， instead of facing the problems brought on by a mixed marriage， they turn their backs on them． They refused to deal directly with their problems and the result is tragic． In her fury（狂怒）， Eris arrives， ruins the wedding， causes a jealous argument between the three major goddesses over a golden apple， and sets in place the conditions that lead to the Trojan War． The war would take place 20 years in the future， but it would result in the death of the only child of the bride and groom， Achilles． Eris would destroy the parents' hopes for their future， leaving the couple with no legal heirs （继承人） to the throne．‎ ‎ Hence， when we are told， "If you don't invite trouble， trouble comes，" it means that if we don't deal with our problems， our problems will deal with us…with a revenge! It is easy to see why the Greeks considered many of their myths learning myths， for this one teaches us ‎ the best way to defeat that which can destroy us．‎ ‎（1）Bad Eris is defined in the passage as　A　‎ A． the violent conditions of life．‎ B． the problems man encounters．‎ C． the evil goddess who has a golden apple．‎ D． the murderer of generations．‎ ‎（2）Zeus married Thetis off because　D　‎ A． he needed to buy the loyalty of a great king of mankind．‎ B． he feared the gods would create bad Eris by competing over her．‎ C． he feared the Trojan War would be fought over her．‎ D． he feared being a father of a boy who would kill him in the future．‎ ‎（3）Zeus did not fear a child of King Peleus because　C　‎ A． he knew that the child could not climb Mt． Olympus and manage to kill a god．‎ B． he knew that the child would be killed in the Trojan War which would happen in 20 years．‎ C． he knew that no matter how strong a mortal child was， he couldn't overthrow an immortal god．‎ D． he knew that Thetis would always love him above everyone else．‎ ‎（4）What does the myth in the passage want to tell us？　C　‎ A． Do not consider a mixed marriage．‎ B． Do not anger the gods．‎ C． Do not ignore the problems that arise in life．‎ D． Do not take myths seriously．‎ ‎【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】‎ 本文介绍了一个希腊神话故事：古希腊人的生活围绕着厄里斯，他们用这个概念来定义宇宙．他们相信世界存在于一种对立的状态中．如果有善，那么就有恶；如果有爱，那么就有仇恨；欢乐，然后是悲伤，战争，然后是和平，等等．希腊人相信，当一个人对生活持一种平衡的看法，并且在问题出现时加以处理时，就会产生好的厄里斯．为了把自然界中的敌对势力聚集在一起，恶劣的环境在支配人们生活的暴力环境中是显而易见的．尽管这些东西是在自然界中发现的，有时是无法控制的，但人们相信，忽视一个问题就会产生恶劣的环境"古希腊人把厄里斯看作是一位女神：厄里斯，不和的女神，更著名的是麻烦．‎ ‎【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第一段Although these things were found in nature and sometimes could not be controlled， it was believed that bad Eris occurred when one ignored a problem， letting it grow larger until it destroyed not only that person， but his family as well． The Ancient Greeks saw Eris as a goddess： Eris， the Goddess of Discord， better known as Trouble．尽管这些东西是在自然界中发现的，有时是无法控制的，但人们相信，忽视一个问题就会产生恶劣的环境"古希腊人把厄里斯看作是一位女神：厄里斯，不和的女神，更著名的是麻烦．根据语境可知厄里斯被定义为暴力的生活环境，故选A．‎ ‎2．D． 细节理解题．根据第二段 One myth that expresses this concept of bad Eris deals with the marriage of King Peleus and the river goddess Thetis． Zeus， the supreme ruler， learns that Thetis would bear a child strong enough to destroy its father． Not wanting to father his own ruin， Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human， a mortal（凡人） whose child could never challenge the gods．King Peleus和河流女神忒提斯的婚姻，宙斯，至高无上的统治者，得知忒提斯将生下一个强壮得足以毁灭父亲的孩子．宙斯说服他们嫁给一个凡人，他的孩子永远不能挑战神．根据选项可知他害怕成为一个将来会杀了他的男孩的父亲．故选D．‎ ‎3．C 细节理解题．根据第二段Zeus convinces Thetis to marry a human， a mortal（凡人） whose child could never challenge the gods． He promises her， among other things， the greatest wedding in all of Heaven and Earth and allows the couple to invite whomever they please宙斯并不害怕佩勒斯国王的孩子，因为他知道，无论一个凡人的孩子多么强壮，他都不能推翻一个不朽的上帝，故选C．‎ ‎4．C 主旨大意题．本文介绍古希腊人的生活围绕着厄里斯，他们用这个概念来定义宇宙．他们相信世界存在于一种对立的状态中．可知故事的目的就是告诉我们不要忽视了生活中出现的问题，故选C．‎ ‎【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．‎ ‎18．（6分）The National Storytelling Youth Olympics is an event where thousands of kids from grades 6 to 12 compete against each other by telling stories． It is sponsored by the Master's Degree Program in Reading and Storytelling at East Tennessee State University． The sole purpose of this event is to promote and encourage both the art and science of storytelling among middle school and high school students． Although this event is competitive， its underlying intent and goal is to provide students across the nation with a reason to practice numerous noncompetitive skills．‎ ‎ Those skills include skillful sportsmanship ， responsible behavior， and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre． The eventual goal of the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is to encourage every classroom in America to discover （or rediscover） the beauty of storytelling and story performance．‎ ‎ The National Storytelling Youth Olympics takes place usually around the first weekend in March． Students from all over the country arrive by bus， plane， or automobile in Johnson City， Tennessee． They usually arrive on Thursday or Friday． Those that arrive on Thursday take advantage of their early arrival by telling stories at local schools． On Friday， an evening meal is prepared for all contestants， coaches， and parents． Games are played， stories are told， and lifetime friendships begin． Saturday is the day of the big event． A luncheon（午餐会） is held in the afternoon so contestants can familiarize themselves with the surroundings and do a sound check．‎ ‎ The event is divided into three categories separated by grades． Contestants are judged not only by their storytelling performance， but also by the attitude and behavior they display during the entire weekend． A winner is picked from each of the three categories； however， there is an overall winner who is granted the name of Grand Torch Bearer． This person is selected not only by the judges， but also by the contestants． After the winners have been announced， the contestants retreat back to their hotel where a celebratory ice cream party is held； and believe it or not， they tell more stories! This is what the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is all about： developing a love for the art of storytelling．‎ ‎（1）Which of the following sets of words best describes the Grand Torch Bearer？　B　‎ A． competitive， ambitious， talented B． respectful， responsible， skilled C． athletic， determined， creative D． imaginative， individualistic， pessimistic ‎（2）Why would someone MOST LIKELY choose to attend the National Storytelling Youth Olympics？　A　‎ A． To refine storytelling skills while meeting new friends．‎ B． To compete fiercely with the best storytellers in the country．‎ C． To earn money and fame．‎ D． To develop one's personal skill in lecture only．‎ ‎（3）When is dinner prepared for all contestants， coaches， and parents？　B　‎ A． Wednesday．‎ B． Friday．‎ C． Thursday．‎ D． Saturday．‎ ‎【考点】O4：新闻报道类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全国讲故事青年奥林匹克运动会的宗旨、举办时间、比赛规则和活动内容．‎ ‎【解答】1．B．推理判断题．根据第二段中的"Those skills include skillful sportsmanship ， responsible behavior， and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre．"可知，这些技能包括熟练的体育精神、负责任的行为以及尊重他人的态度，由此可知获得大火炬手称号的选手是恭敬的、负责任的且熟练的，故选B．‎ ‎2．A．推理判断题．根据第三段中的"Games are played， stories are told， and lifetime friendships begin．"可知，选手们可以在这个运动会上玩游戏、讲故事并且交朋友，由此可知选手们参加讲故事青年奥利匹克运动会是为了在结交新朋友的同时提高讲故事技巧，故选A．‎ ‎3．B．细节理解题．根据第三段中的"On Friday， an evening meal is prepared for all contestants， coaches， and parents．"可知，在星期五，为所有的参赛者、教练和家长准备了一顿晚宴，故选B．‎ ‎【点评】‎ 阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ ‎19．（8分）Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of the purpose， process， nature and ideals of education． It can be considered a branch of both philosophy and education． Education can be defined as the teaching and learning of specific skills， and the imparting of knowledge， judgment and wisdom， and is something broader than the societal institution of education we often speak of．‎ ‎ Many educationalists consider it a weak and imprecise field， too far removed from the practical applications of the real world to be useful． But philosophers dating back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis， and there is little doubt that their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia．‎ ‎ Plato is the earliest important educational thinker， and education is an essential element in "The Republic" （his most important work on philosophy and political theory， written around 360 B．C．）． In it， he advocates some rather extreme methods： removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the state， and differentiating children suitable to the various castes（社会等级）， the highest receiving the most education， so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able． He believed that education should be holistic（全面的）， including facts， skills， physical discipline， music and art． Plato believed that talent and intelligence is not distributed genetically and thus is to be found in children born to all classes， although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model．‎ ‎ Aristotle considered human nature， habit and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education， the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens． He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically， and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits， unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas． He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught， among which he clearly mentions reading， writing， mathematics， music， physical education， literature， history， and a wide range of sciences， as well as play， which he also considered important．‎ ‎ During the period of Middle Age， the idea of Perennialism was first formulated by St． Thomas Aquinas in his work "De Magistro"． Perennialism holds that one should teach ‎ those things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere， namely principles and reasoning， not just facts （which are apt to change over time）， and that one should teach first about people， not machines or techniques． It was originally religious in nature， and it was only much later that a theory of worldly Perennialism developed．‎ ‎ During the Renaissance（文艺复兴）， the French doubter Michel de Montaigne （1533 ﹣ 1592）was one of the first to critically look at education． Unusually for his time， Montaigne was willing to question the conventional wisdom of the period， calling into question the whole structure of the educational system， and the assumption that university﹣educated philosophers were necessarily wiser than uneducated farm workers， for example．‎ ‎（1）Why do many educationists consider philosophy a ‘weak and imprecise field'？　D　‎ A． It is the practical applications of the real world．‎ B． Its theoretical concepts are easily understood．‎ C． It is irrelevant for education．‎ D． It is not practically applicable．‎ ‎（2）What is the difference between the approaches of Socrates and Aristotle？　A　‎ A． Aristotle felt the need for repetition to develop good habits in students； Socrates felt that students need to be constantly questioned．‎ B． Aristotle felt the need for rote﹣learning； Socrates emphasized on dialogic learning．‎ C． There was no difference．‎ D． Aristotle emphasized on the importance of paying attention to human nature； Socrates emphasized upon science．‎ ‎（3）According to the passage， the underlined word "Perennialism" most probably refers to something　B　‎ A． that is unnecessary．‎ B． that is of ceaseless importance．‎ C． that is abstract and theoretical．‎ D． that exists no more．‎ ‎（4）Why did Aquinas propose a model of education which did not lay much emphasis on facts？　C　‎ A． Facts are not important．‎ B． Facts do not lead to holistic education．‎ C． Facts change with the changing times．‎ D． Facts are frozen in time．‎ ‎【考点】O5：科教类阅读．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】文章介绍教育哲学是研究教育的目的、过程、性质和理想的一个标签，它可以看作是哲学和教育的一个分支．‎ ‎【解答】1．D．细节理解题．根据第一段的句子Many educationalists consider it a weak and imprecise field， too far removed from the practical applications of the real world to be useful．可知，许多教育家认为哲学是一个"薄弱和不精确的领域"，因为它实际上不适用．故选D．‎ ‎2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段的句子Aristotle…He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically， and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits， unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas．可知，苏格拉底和亚里士多德的方法的区别在于，亚里士多德认为需要重复来培养学生的良好习惯；苏格拉底认为学生需要不断地受到质疑．故选A．‎ ‎3．B．词义猜测题．根据第五段的 Perennialism holds that one should teach those things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere， namely principles and reasoning， not just facts （which are apt to change over time）， and that one should teach first about people， not machines or techniques．多年生主义认为，一个人应该教授那些被认为对世界各地的所有人都具有永恒重要性的东西，即原则和推理，而不仅仅是事实（随着时间的推移，事实往往会发生变化），而且应该首先教授人，而不是机器或技术．"Perennialism"指的是"一直重要的"．故选B．‎ ‎4．C．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段的句子not just facts （which are apt to change over time）， 可知，阿奎那提出了一种教育模式，这种模式并不强调随着时代的变化而发生的变化．故选C．‎ ‎【点评】阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．‎ Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence ‎ given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ ‎20．（8分）‎ A． These questions may well get clearer and clearer during the process of academic writing．‎ B． The introduction should function as the hook which draws the reader in and holds his attention．‎ C． It is a formal skill， which requires precision and accuracy， and is perfected by continuous and dedicated practice．‎ D． If one is hesitant to answer even one of the aforementioned questions， one had better not write at all!‎ E． It may take one a considerable period of time to know the skills of academic writing， even long after his/her college graduation．‎ F． It is a time﹣consuming activity and demands patience and perseverance．‎ The art of academic writing is not easy to master． （1　C　 Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument， which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time． （2）　F　 But the joy of reading and sharing with others， one's succinctly composed piece of argument， is incomparable．‎ ‎ Before beginning to write， the writer must ask himself a few questions ﹣ Why am I writing？ What is it that I intend to share with others？ What purpose will my writing serve？ Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write？ （3）　D　 Because academic writing is a serious activity ﹣ it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well﹣argued pieces of writing．‎ ‎ The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of ﹣ Introduction （which should be around ten percent of the entire essay）， Body （it should constitute eighty percent of the piece） and the Conclusion （again， ten per cent of the essay）． （4）　B　 The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re﹣state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece．‎ ‎【考点】PF：选句填空．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】本文是一篇选句填空阅读，主要讲述了学术写作的艺术并不容易掌握，这是一项正式的技能，需要精确和准确，并通过持续和专注的练习完善．‎ ‎【解答】1．C．推理判断题．句意：这是一项正式的技能，需要精确和准确，并通过持续和专注的练习完善．根据上文The art of academic writing is not easy to master．可知，学术写作的艺术并不容易掌握．故选C．‎ ‎2．F．推理判断题．句意：这是一项耗时的活动，需要耐心和毅力．根据上文Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument， which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time．可知，学术写作是对论证的巧妙阐述和解释，作者在一段时间内经过精心研究和发展．故选F．‎ ‎3．D．推理判断题．句意：如果有人甚至不愿意回答上述问题中的一个问题，那么最好不要写一个问题！根据下文 Because academic writing is a serious activity ﹣ it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well﹣argued pieces of writing．可知，因为学术写作是一项严肃的活动 ﹣ 它使读者和作家的共享社区成为希望传播和学习有争议的文章的一部分．故选D．‎ ‎4．B．推理判断题．句意：引言应该起到吸引读者并引起他们注意的作用．根据下文The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re﹣state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece．介绍了主体内容应该注意什么，故此处B符合语境．故选B．‎ ‎【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．‎ IV. Summary Writing ‎ ‎21．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．‎ ‎ What started as a race to space between the United States and Russia has turned out to be a technological revolution that has greatly improved the quality of daily life throughout the world． Scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA） have invented new technology to make space flights doable． The same technology， when applied ‎ on Earth， has produced thousands of products in the areas of health and sports that have significant impacts on our lives．‎ ‎ Many of these improvements are in the fields of health and medicine． NASA﹣inspired technology fueled the great advances in the early detection of deadly diseases． For instance， computer chips designed for the Hubble telescope are used in digital imaging devices that help medical professionals detect cancer at very early stages． Eye doctors can now diagnose vision problems in very young children by using ocular screening． Ultrasound scanners， portable x﹣ray devices， and bone analyzers are among the medical devices developed with the help of space technology．‎ ‎ Fogless ski goggles and special sportswear are among the hundreds of items of sports equipment inspired by NASA technology． Space technology has been applied to sports too． The running shoes that athletes use today have midsoles that act like shock absorbers and keep the runners steady while in motion． These shoes utilize the technology NASA used to design the moon boot． In golf， athletes use a new ball that employs NASA research on how to make the flight of the ball from the tee to the green faster and more accurate． In swimming， athletes can swim faster because of NASA﹣developed riblets in the fabric of their swimsuits．‎ ‎ Almost all aspects of daily life continue to improve because NASA scientists are still at work． Transportation， methods of preparing food， and work environments are other ways in which NASA technology has made significant changes．‎ ‎【考点】R5：读写任务作文．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型：‎ ‎1． The technologies innovated to meet the demand of space flights are also employed in people's daily life．‎ 致力于满足太空飞行方面的科技也被运用于人们的日常生活中．‎ 该句含有过去分词短语innovated to meet the demand of space flights作后置定语，修饰名词The technologies，‎ be employed in 运用于……．‎ ‎2． In sports， some technology is applied to manufacture sports shoes to keep athletes running steadily， or to make swimsuits for athletes to swim faster 在体育方面，一些科技被用于制造运动鞋来让运动与跑的更稳健、或者让运动员穿上游泳装游得更快．‎ 该句为一个简单句，其中连词or连接两个并列的动词不定式作目的状语to keep athletes running steadily， or to make swimsuits for athletes to swim faster．‎ ‎【解答】The technologies innovated to meet the demand of space flights are also employed in people's daily life．（高分句型一）（生活方面科技的运用） For instance， in health， some technology is adopted to detect early cancer， or diagnose eye diseases．（健康方面） In sports， some technology is applied to manufacture sports shoes to keep athletes running steadily， or to make swimsuits for athletes to swim faster．（高分句型二）（体育方面）‎ ‎【点评】英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力 方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧．‎ V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.‎ ‎22．（3分）遇到突发危险时，人会茫然不知所措，这是很正常的．（which）　People may get overwhelmed in the face of sudden dangers，which is quite natural．/One may get at a lossw hen facing a sudden danger，which is quite natural．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】遇到突发危险时，人会茫然不知所措，这是很正常的．‎ ‎【解答】答案：People may get overwhelmed in the face of sudden dangers， which is quite natural． / One may get at a loss when facing a sudden danger， which is quite natural．考查汉译英．1． 因指的是一般事实，要用一般现在时态；2． 关系代词which是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语；3． in the face of意为"面对； 尽管"．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎23．（4分）一个人究竟怎样才能完成这样一个伟大的工程呢？（How）　How on earth can a person accomplish such a great project？/How on earth can one accomplish such a grand project？　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】一个人究竟怎样才能完成这样一个伟大的工程呢？‎ ‎【解答】答案：How on earth can a person accomplish such a great project？ / How on earth can one accomplish such a grand project？考查汉译英．1． 因指的是现在的情况，用一般现在时态；2． on earth意为"究竟 到底 （加强语气）"．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎24．（4分）在此之前，他从未和那位主编讨论过自己的新书．（Not）　Not until that moment had he ever talked about his new book with that chief editor．Not until this had he ever discussed his new book with the chief editor．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】在此之前，他从未和那位主编讨论过自己的新书．‎ ‎【解答】答案：Not until that moment had he ever talked about his new book with that chief editor． Not until this had he ever discussed his new book with the chief editor．考查汉译英．1．因表示的是"过去的过去"，要用过去完成时态；2． not until意为"直到……"，置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，用助动词had构成部分倒装．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ ‎25．（4分）情况是在不断地变化，要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习．（adapt）　The situation is constantly changing．To adapt your thinking to new situations，you have to learn．/Situations are changing continually，so we must study to adapt our thinking to new situations．　‎ ‎【考点】Q2：汉译英．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】情况是在不断地变化，要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习．‎ ‎【解答】答案：The situation is constantly changing． To adapt your thinking to new situations， you have to learn． / Situations are changing continually， so we must study to adapt our thinking to new situations．考查汉译英．1． "情况是在不断地变化"强调事情一直在发生，要用现在进行时态；"要使自己的思想适应新的情况，就得学习"表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时；2． to adapt our thinking to new situations是不定式作状语，adapt …to意为"适应， 改编"．‎ ‎【点评】考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．‎ VI. Guided Writing ‎26．（25分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．‎ 学校将组织一次"我心目中的英雄"主题班会活动，请你以Heroes in My Heart为题，写一篇演讲稿． 基本要求如下：‎ ‎• 你心目中英雄的标准；‎ ‎• 你心目中英雄的事迹简介（请举1﹣2例）；‎ ‎• 从这些英雄事迹中，你学到了些什么？‎ ‎【考点】R1：提纲类．菁优网版权所有 ‎【分析】高分句型 ‎1．They may be a person who saves the people，or may be an animal who has got good spirit．‎ 句子里，修饰名词a person，用关系词 who引导定语从句 saves the people；修饰名词an animal ，用关系词who 引导定语从句has got good spirit．‎ 他们可能是拯救人民的人，也可能是有良好精神的动物．‎ ‎2． He didn't stop taking care of his own injured hand until he sacrificed．‎ ‎ He didn't stop taking care of his own injured until he sacrificed．‎ 直到他牺牲了，他才停止照顾自己的伤员．‎ ‎【解答】The Hero in My Heart ‎　　As we know， most people have heroes in their hearts．They may be a person who saves the people，or may be an animal who has got good spirit． 【高分句型一】 For me， Dr Norman Bethune is the hero in my heart．I look up to him because of his selflessness． （自己心目中英雄的标准）‎ ‎ He was a great doctor from Canada．Dr Bethune was good at performing operations． And taking photos was his hobby． In 1938， he came to China． He opened hospitals and invented medical tools． He worked so hard that he saved thousands of Chinese people． He didn't stop taking care of his own injured until he sacrificed．【高分句型二】（介绍心目中英雄的事迹简介）‎ ‎　　I am deeply moved by his stories． So I'll work hard today and do my best to help others．（从他的英雄事迹中自己学到的东西）‎ ‎【点评】提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人 通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、 对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等．提纲作文的选材范围很广， 内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题．这类题型的主要特点 是要点明确，范围具体．但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将 书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写 出结构不完整的句子．‎ 声明：试题解析著作权属菁优网所有，未经书面同意，不得复制发布 日期：2019/4/18 7:49:31；用户：qgjyuser10050；邮箱：qgjyuser10050.21957750；学号：21985056‎