高考英语系列专项情态动词和虚拟语气教师

高考英语系列专项情态动词和虚拟语气教师

‎2019高考英语3-2-1精品系列专项07情态动词和虚拟语气（教师版）‎ 专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气 ‎【考点定位】 2018考纲解读和近几年考点分布 ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 虚拟语气考点透析 ‎ 考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法 ‎ ‎1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如： ‎ ‎①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party. ‎ A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not ‎ ‎3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如： ‎ If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as ‎ much of it as possible. ‎ A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to ‎ 考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句 ‎ 在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如： ‎ It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. ‎ A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen ‎ C.should fall D.were to fall ‎ 考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 ‎ 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如： ‎ ‎—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？ ‎ ‎—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to. ‎ A.will not be sent；that B.not be sent；that ‎ C.should not be sent；what D.should not send；what ‎ 情态动词考点透析 考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查 ‎ 情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如： ‎ ‎1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out.‎ ‎ A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could ‎ ‎2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. ‎ ‎—They______be ready by 12:00. ‎ A. can B. should C. might D. need ‎ ‎【解析】can：能够；should:应该，表示责任、义务。Might：可能；need：需要。它们应该在12点前准备好。所以，答案是B。 ‎ ‎3. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman______be so rude to a lady . ‎ A. might B. need C. should D. would ‎ ‎【解析】should 表示说话人感情，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。在此句中表示说话人一种惊奇的语气。 句意为：你不可能想象出体面的绅士竟然对一位女士那么粗鲁。答案是 C。 ‎ 分析：高考对情态动词基本含义的考查，仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义，要掌握的既准确又要全面，特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多，不易理解，复习时应当引起重视。‎ 二、情态动词表示推测的考查 ‎ ‎2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he______your lecture. ‎ A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended ‎ C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended ‎ ‎3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How______it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? ‎ A. can B. should C. may D. must ‎ ‎【解析】can表示可能性。布什先生按时做一切事，他怎么可能开幕式迟到呢？答案是：A。 ‎ ‎4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? ‎ ‎—It______true because there was little snow there.‎ ‎ A. may not be B. won’t be ‎ C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be ‎ ‎【解析】may not be : 可能不是；won’t be：不会是；couldn’t be：不可能是； mustn’t be ：一定不是。根据提供情境there was little snow 说明山里滑雪是件不可能的事，may not 语气不如couldn’t强。答案是：C。 ‎ 分析：高考对表示推测的情态动词集中在must, can, could, may, might上，准确掌握它们使用的场合，是解决问题的关键。Must 用于肯定陈述句，表示肯定推测；can, could用于疑问或否定陈述句，表示可能性推测；may, might 用于陈述句，表示可能性推测；用于否定陈述句中，can’t （不可能）的语气比may not（可能不）强。此外，还要注意有对过去和对现在两种情况的推测,对过去推测用情态动词+have done ，对现在推测用情态动词+ 动词原形。 ‎ 三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查 ‎ 情态动词＋have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。 ‎ ‎1. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You______come, but why didn’t you?‎ ‎ A. must have B. should ‎ C. need have D. ought to have ‎ ‎3.Oh, I‘m not feeling well in the stomach. I______so much fried chicken just now.‎ ‎ A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten ‎ C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat ‎ 考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查 ‎1.Tom ,you didn’t come to the party last night? ‎ ‎—I______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do . ‎ A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t ‎ ‎2.Your phone number again? I______quite catch it . ‎ ‎—It’s 86184867. ‎ A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t ‎ ‎【解析】记住电话号码并非难事，未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事，此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码，所以，应选A。‎ ‎【三年高考】 10 、11、12高考试题及其解析 ‎2018高考英语试题 ‎1.(2018山东卷)30.If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.‎ A. haven’t made B. wouldn’t make ‎ C. didn’t make D. hadn’t made ‎2.(2018陕西卷)17.If may car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.‎ A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。‎ 句意：假如我的车更可靠的话，我去年夏天会开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机去。此处是对过去事情的假设，故条件句用过去完成时，主句用would/could might+have done。‎ ‎3.(2018陕西卷)23.I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son ‎ while we were away from home.‎ A. won’t B. can’t C. can D. will ‎4.(2018四川卷)19.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.‎ A. must B. might C. can D. should ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。应选B。‎ ‎5.(2018浙江卷)19.Had they known what was coming next, they ________ second thoughts.‎ A. may have B. could have ‎ C. must have had D. might have had ‎6.(2018课标卷)30.I _use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.‎ A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词。根据下文“at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house（每天早上六点有火车从我家附近驶过）”所以我没有必要用时钟叫醒我。‎ ‎7.(2018大纲卷)17.I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _________find the money.‎ A . can B. might C. would D. need ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词。此处考查的是“can”的基本意义“能，能够”。句意：如果我能够弄到那笔钱，我就和约翰一起到欧洲去度假。‎ ‎8.(2018北京卷)We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?‎ A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced ‎9.(2018北京卷)35.Don’t handle the vase as if it ________ made of steel.[‎ A. is B. were C. has been D. had been ‎10.(2018天津卷) 8.It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet.‎ A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词。根据上文“这里相当暖和”可以推知下文应该是：我们没必要开暖气。‎ ‎11.(2018天津卷) We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home.‎ A. didn’t offer B. wouldn’t offer C. hasn’t offered D.hadn’t ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。‎ 句意：如果昨天Harold没送我们回家，我们会打出租车回家的。由主句中的would have called a taxi可知，该从句是对过去情况的虚拟，因此选hadn't ‎ offered。‎ ‎12.(2018上海卷)28.The new law states that people drive after drinking alcohol.‎ A. wouldn't B. needn't C. won't D. mustn't ‎13.(2018重庆卷) 25.—____you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?‎ ‎—Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.‎ A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词。must表说话者极不耐烦和生气的语气。句意：“—你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你看不到我在打电话吗？—对不起，先生，事情很急。”‎ ‎14.(2018安徽卷) 31.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.‎ A. lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live ‎15.(2018福建卷)31.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ____ more places of interest yesterday.‎ A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天我们在那个小村庄迷路了，否则我们本可以参观更多的名胜。本句为含有otherwise的含蓄虚拟句（相当于if we ‎ hadn’t lost our way in that small village），是对过去的虚拟，应选D项。‎ ‎16.(2018湖南卷)29.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.‎ A. have had B. had had C. have D. had ‎17.(2018江苏卷)28.Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but say where he was.‎ A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. wouldn't D. mightn't ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】情态动词mustn’t意为“禁止”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”；wouldn’t意为“不愿意”；mightn’t意为“或许不”。句意：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根据句意可知，应选C项。‎ ‎18.(2018江苏卷) 35.—Happy birthday!‎ ‎—Thank you! It’s the best present I for.‎ A. should have wished B. must have wished C. may have wished D. could have wished ‎19.(2018江西卷)22.We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.‎ A. may not B. needn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查情态动词。‎ 句意：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，那我们就没有必要买这么多食物。根据“now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner”可船选B，needn't have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上却做了”。‎ ‎20.(2018辽宁卷)24.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.‎ A. might B. could C. shall D. will ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词。shall用于条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定, 意为“应该、必须”。 句意：我们的一条规则是学生在校时都必须要穿校服。‎ ‎21.(2018辽宁卷)33.Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he something instead of just talking.‎ A. will do B. has done C. do D. did ‎2017高考英语试题 ‎1.(2017全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.‎ A.will B.can C.must D.should ‎2.(2017全国卷II,8) If you smoke, please go outside.‎ ‎ A. can B. should C. must D. may ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。‎ ‎3.（2017北京卷,24）——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?‎ ‎——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.‎ A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not ‎4.（2017北京卷,28）——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.‎ ‎——I wish they always late.‎ A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。——我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。‎ ‎5.（2017北京卷,30）Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.‎ A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying ‎6.（2017天津卷,15）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.‎ A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，应选D。‎ ‎7.（2017上海春招,27）Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world. ‎ ‎ A. mustn’t B. won’t C. mightn’t D. shouldn’t ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustn’t禁止，不允许；won’t不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightn’t可能不；shouldn’t不应该。根据句意选B。‎ ‎8.（2017江苏卷,34）——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.‎ ‎——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.‎ A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen ‎9.（2017福建卷,25）——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?‎ ‎——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .‎ A.will B.must C.may D.can ‎10.（2017福建卷,34）——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.‎ ‎——I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.‎ A.attended B.had attended C.would sttend D.would have attended ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“——真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。‎ ‎——我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，应选D。‎ ‎11.（2017安徽卷, 26）——What do you think of store shopping in the future?‎ ‎——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.‎ A. will never replace B. would never replace ‎ C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced ‎12.(2017浙江卷,11) ——How’s your new babysitter?‎ ‎——We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.‎ A. should B. might C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——你的新保姆怎么样？——找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustn‘t禁止；couldn’t不可能。根据句意选D。‎ ‎13.（2017四川卷,20）The police still haven’t found the lost child, but they’re doing all they .‎ A.can B.may C.must D.should ‎14.（2017重庆卷,25）——Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night?‎ ‎—— I wanted to ,but my mom simply _________ not let me out so late at night.‎ A. could B. might C. would D. should ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“——昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？——我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could 可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。‎ ‎15.（2017陕西卷,22）I__________through that bitter period without your generous help. ‎ A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone ‎16.（2017陕西卷,24）——Will you read me a story ,Mummy? ‎ ‎——OK. You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.‎ A. might B. must C. could D. shall ‎17.（2017湖南卷,28）No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.‎ A. can B. need C. must D. might ‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。‎ ‎18.(2017辽宁卷,21) If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.‎ A. can B. may C. must D. will ‎【答案】 C ‎【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”‎ can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎19.（2017江西卷23）It _______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.‎ A. mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.needn’t ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustn’t 禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能；won’t 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn’t 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员。应选B。[Z_xx_k.Com]‎ ‎20.（2017江西卷28）We _____John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.‎ A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put ‎2017高考英语试题 ‎1.(2017高考英语上海秋季卷,29) ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.‎ ‎---Oh, you ______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.‎ A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't ‎3.(2017高考英语浙江卷,10)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ______ .‎ A．would have been saved B．had been saved ‎ C．will be saved D．was saved ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。从前面Had I known about．．．知，此处是If条件句对过去情况的虚拟，所以主句用should／would／could／might+have done结构，故排除B、C和D项，选A项。‎ ‎4.(2017高考英语天津卷,15)John went to the hospital alone.‎ ‎ If he ______ me about it, I would have gone with him.‎ A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told ‎ ‎5.(2017高考英语天津卷,9)Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed .he arrived half an hour early.‎ A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t ‎ ‎6.(2017高考英语四川卷,3)—______ I take the book out?‎ ‎—I'm afraid not.‎ A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词。表请求可用情态动词can，may，could，might；表允许用can，may。句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗?”“恐怕不行。”故应选表示请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。‎ ‎7.(2017高考英语上海春季卷,28)It is important to know about the cultural differences that______ cause problems.‎ ‎ A．must B．dare C．need D．may ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】情态动词。语意：了解一些可能会引起问题的文化差异，这很重要。此处may用来表示可能；must，一定，必须；dare作情态动词常用在否定句与疑问句中，表示敢于；need表示必须，需要。根据语意，这里选D项。‎ ‎8.(2017高考英语陕西卷,23)May I take this book out of the reading room?‎ No, you ______. You read it in here. ‎ A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词用法辨析。以may开头的问句，在肯定回答中表示给予许可，可用may或Can，但在否定回答中要用mustn’t，表示禁止。‎ ‎9.(2017高考英语陕西卷,15)If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. ‎ A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken ‎10.(2017高考英语山东卷,24)I______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams.‎ A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t ‎11.(2017高考英语辽宁卷,26)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it ______ be regular exercise.‎ A．can B．will C．must D．may ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查情态动词辨析。语意为：医生说，锻炼对于健康很重要，但是必须是经常的锻炼。情态动词must表示“必须”，符合语意。‎ ‎12.(2017高考英语江西卷,23)I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?‎ A Must B Can C May D Will ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考察情态动词的用法, must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？答案为A.‎ ‎14.(2017高考英语江苏卷,25)--I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.‎ ‎--Don’t worry. You_______ have it by Friday.‎ A. could B. shall C. must D. may ‎ ‎16.(2017高考英语湖南卷,23)You ______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.‎ A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to ‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎【解析】考察情态动词。don't have to意为没有必要，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。”‎ ‎17.(2017高考英语大纲全国I卷,29)Just be patient. You ______ expect the world to change so soon.‎ ‎ A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】A考查情态动词辨析。句意：耐心点儿。你不能指望世界立刻发生变化。can’t表示“不能”；needn’t“不必”；may not表示“不可能”；will not表示“不会”。只有A符合语意。‎ ‎19.(2017高考英语北京卷,34)--The weather has been very hot and dry.‎ ‎--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ______.‎ A. would n't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died ‎20.(2017高考英语北京卷,23)——Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.‎ ‎--Ah, good morning. You ______ be Mrs. Peters.‎ A. might B. must C. would D. can ‎【答案】 B ‎【解析】考察情态动词。句意为：“——早上好，我已经同人事部的Smith小姐预约过了，——早上好，那你肯定是Peters.小姐了”。由句意可知此处表示一种肯定预测，可能性很大，故must符合题意，表示肯定是。‎ ‎21.(2017高考英语安徽卷,32)Jack described his father, who ______ a brave boy many years ago，as a strong-willed man.‎ A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词。must have done 表示对过去的肯定推测。句意：杰克将他的父亲描写成一个意志刚强的人，许多年前他的父亲一定是一个勇敢的孩子。‎ ‎【两年模拟】 11、12高考模拟题及其答案 ‎11、12高考模拟题 ‎2、（北京市东城区2018届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语）The driver ______ have drunk a lot before the accident, but I am not quite sure of that.‎ A．might B．must C．should D．would ‎3、（南京市2018届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）—Life ______ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in the winter.‎ ‎—Yes, the weather there ______ be as low as ‎60℃‎ below zero.‎ A．must; can B．shall; must C．will; should D．has to; can ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】 考查情态动词。根据后面的 “as it is very cold there in the winter” 可知第一空表示肯定推测，故用 must，而第二空是对那儿天气的一种可能性猜测，故用 can。‎ ‎4、（合肥市2018年高三第一次教学质量检测英语）—Come to supper with us, Peter.‎ ‎—Great! I ______ bring a bottle of wine.‎ A．will B．can C．may D．must ‎6、（北京市西城区2018届高三上学期期末考试英语）______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.‎ A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查倒装及虚拟语气。此处为省略 if 的虚拟条件句，因从句表示与过去的事实相反，谓语动词应使用过去完成时，此题是将 had 提至句首且省略 if，应选B。‎ ‎7、（北京市重点高中2018届高三尖子生综合素质展示英语）I ran all the way to school yesterday, otherwise I ______ late for the annual talent show.‎ A．was B．had been C．would be D．would have been ‎8、（2017江西省南昌市第二次模拟测试）If you won't do as I tell you, you _____go to the dance．‎ A．won't B．shan't C．shouldn't D．mustn't ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：如果你不按照我说的做，你就不能去参加舞会。根据句意可知，此处表示说话人的一种警告语气。shall用于第一、三人称时，表示征求对方意见，意为“好不好……？……好吗？”；表示说话者的意愿、允诺、告诫、威胁等语气时，用于第二、三人称，意为“必须、应该”；还可用于法律条文或正式文体中，意为“应该”，故B项正确。‎ ‎9、（2017江苏省南通、扬州、泰州三市二模）— Linda hasn’t shown up yet.‎ ‎— It’s strange. She ________.‎ A． could B． might C． must have D． should have ‎10、（2017江苏省南京市二模）---I wonder if I can board the plane with this return ticket. ‎ ‎---There ______ be no problem. Your ticket is valid until the end of this month. ‎ A． must B． shall C． should D． might ‎ ‎11、（2017山西省太原市模拟试题（一））I wish you __ ___ me in peace —I've got a lot of work to do．‎ A．had left B．would leave C．will leave D．leave ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：①过去时表示宾语从句动作与wish同时发生；②过去完成时表示宾语从句动作先于wish发生；③could/would/might+动词原形，即过去将来时表示宾语从句动作后于wish发生。句意为：我希望你能让我安静一点，我还有许多工作要做。根据句意可知，正确答案应为B。‎ ‎12、（2017江西省南昌市第二次模拟测试）—What courses are you going to take next ‎ term if you want to receive enough credits to get your degree?‎ ‎—I don't know．But it's about time _____ on something．‎ A．I'd decide B．I decided C．I decide D．I'm deciding ‎13、（2017江西省八校高三联考）If Rose ____ her diamond in a safer place, it ____ stolen.‎ A． had put; might not have been B． had put; could be C. had put; might be D． had not put; could not have been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果Rose将钻石放在一个更安全的地方，那么钻石就可能不会被偷了。表示与过去事实相反，应选A项。‎ ‎14、（2017江苏省南通、扬州、泰州三市二模）It’s too bad that My computer has got a new virus. If only I ______ that programme!‎ A． didn’t run B． haven’t run C． hadn’t run D． wouldn’t run ‎15、（2017东北三省三校第二次联合模拟考试）—Why didn’t you stop Mary cheating in the final exam?‎ ‎—But what otherwise? She just sticks with Alex and turns deaf ear to my advice.‎ A．could I do B．must I have done ‎ C．could I have done D．should I do ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知，此处表示“但是我那时又能做些什么呢？”，是对过去情况的推测．用could/would/might have done，故C项正确。‎ ‎16、（2017北京西城二模）—Where on earth have they gone?‎ ‎—I have no idea, but I wish I .‎ A．know B．knew C．would know D．would have known ‎17、（2017北京西城二模）If you’d written earlier, I’d have known when you to go on holiday.‎ A．want B．have wanted C．wanted D．will want ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查动词的时态。分析题干结构可知，条件状语从句和主句均为虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以主句中的宾语从句应为过去时态，正确答案为C项。句意为：如果你早点写，我就知道你想什么时候去度假。‎ ‎18、（2017安徽省合肥市第二次教学质量检测）The government urged that every effort ______to bring down food prices.‎ A． is made B． will be made C． be made D． must be made ‎19、（2017浙江省温州市高三第一次适应性测试）The story is so descriptive—I feel as if I________there.‎ A． would be B． were C． am D． have been ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据语意“这个故事如此生动，我感觉好像身临其境一样”‎ 可知，空处是对与事实相反的虚拟，故谓语动词用were，答案选B项。‎ ‎20、（2017南京市高三第一次模拟考试）Look at the trouble we're in. If only we ____ our teacher's advice!‎ A．took B．would take C．would have taken D．had taken ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1、The meeting is important and he be here in time --he started early enough.‎ ‎ A. can B. might C. should D. will ‎2、 —Why didn’t you go to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?‎ ‎ —Well, I ______, but I forgot it.‎ ‎ A. should B. would C. should have D. must have ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考察情态动词的用法。参加Mike’s birthday party已是过去事件，而我本应该参加而没有参加，情态动词用should have。‎ ‎3、—______he have apologized to Kate?‎ ‎—Yes,he ______.Otherwise,she couldn’t be dating with him now.‎ A.Must;can B.Can;can C.Must;must have D.Can;must have ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查情态动词后面跟完成式的用法。 疑问句句中推测用 can，肯定句中用must， must have done结构中，可以承上文省略done,但一定要保留have。‎ ‎4、Most insurance agents would rather you__________anything about collecting claims until ‎ they investigate the situation. A.do 　　　 B.don’t C.didn’t 　 D.didn’t do ‎5、—Why does Sara know so much about Angkor Wat? ‎—She _______ there,or she may have read about it. A. must have been B. shouldn’t have been C. may have been D. can’t have been ‎6、—Did you notice John was not at work today?‎ ‎—No.If _______ working,I would have noticed it.‎ A. I’d 　　　 B. I was　　　 C. I’d been 　　　 D. I were ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】从“Did you notice” 可知下面的回答是针对过去情况的假设，用过去完成时，即I’d been相当于I had been。‎ ‎7、If only I ______ an umbrella! I was wet through. ‎ A. took B. should take C. had taken D. take ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】if only引导were式主观愿望虚拟语气句，“如果……就好了”根据规则，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。‎ ‎8、A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.‎ A. should B. canC. must D. will ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】can此处表示许可；must表示义务和责任；should的意思是“应该”；will作情态动词时表示“意愿”。‎ ‎9、 —How did you do in the test?‎ ‎—Not so well.I______much better but I misread the directions for the writing.‎ A.will have done B.could have done C.must have done D.may have done ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词跟完成式的用法。根据语境可知，could have done在这里是原本能够的意思。‎ ‎10、The little child _______ go home alone at night. A. wasn’t dare B. dared notC. dared not to D. don’t dare ‎11、I ______ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. ‎ A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t ‎12、—Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?‎ ‎—Sorry, I am not sure.But it _______ be. A. might B. willC. must D. can ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据提供的情景“I am not sure.” 可以确定应用might，表示可能性。‎ ‎15、 But for the leadership of our Party and our Government, we __________ these splendid results.‎ A．have achieved B．shouldn’t have achieved ‎ C．should have achieved D．would achieve ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】but for 相当于without，可以用if 非真实条件句替换。有句意可知时发生在过去，与过去事实相反。‎ ‎【考点预测】 2018高考预测 高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。‎ 高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。‎ ‎【母题特供】每个专题5道最典型试题 母题一、虚拟语气的基本用法 ‎ ‎ The story is so descriptive—I feel as if I________there.‎ A． would be B． were C． am D． have been 母题二、含蓄虚拟条件句 ‎ There is a possibility that these hens could be frightened and lay fewer eggs ____ a sudden loud noise.‎ A．would there be B．should there be C．there was D．there having been 母题三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 ‎ 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如： ‎ ‎ The government urged that every effort ______to bring down food prices.‎ A． is made B． will be made C． be made D． must be made ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。动词urge后所接的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。因此，正确答案是C。‎ ‎【思维拓展】动词insist、suggest、advise、require、order、urge等后所接从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”。‎ 母题四、情态动词基本含义的考查 ‎ 情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如： ‎ ‎ We can hardly believe that an intelligent person like Daniel be asking such a ‎ silly question．‎ A． should B． might C． must D． could 母题五、情态动词表示虚拟的考查 ‎ 情态动词＋have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。 ‎ ‎ I the poor rabbit, but I didn’t have the right drugs with me at that moment.‎ A． could have saved B． had saved C． could save D． saved