德阳市2014高考英语二轮短文类训练9 及答案或解析

德阳市2014高考英语二轮短文类训练9 及答案或解析

德阳市2019高考英语二轮短文类训练（9） 及答案或解析 阅读理解 Words：335　难度系数：★★　建议用时：6分钟 The other day at lunch I was part of a whole group of colleagues and we were talking behind our boss’s back.She’s the new principal (校长) of our middle school.‎ We talked about how kind she is to us.She writes notes to wish us happy holidays，or to thank us for jobs well done.She checks on us when she knows we’re facing difficulties outside of school with our health or with our families.‎ All too often，when we talk nice behind someone’s back，they never know about it！I sent her a quick email to report the conversation.She replied saying how much she appreciated hearing about it.When I overheard (偷听) conversations about the retirement of our principal，I thought she should know how we felt.So I made sure she did.Cards and emails are great，but maybe it’s just extra heartwarming to know that kind words are being said even “behind your back”．‎ I like to do the same for my students.Of course I give them my own compliments (恭维)，but I love to let them know when other adults have noticed their good behavior and attitudes.Then it’s absolutely necessary to let them know it too！It matters when what they notice is good.‎ I’ve known from the other side how much this can mean.I often lack confidence in my own abilities as a teacher，so it gave me quite a lift when a friend who works with families in the community mentioned that he has heard several times from parents how glad they are to have their kids in my class.It just feels more important somehow to have the words said by people who don’t know I’ll ever hear them.‎ Sure，it’s pleasant when we can say nice things about other people.Watch for your next opportunity to be the reporter！Make sure to tell them about the nice things being said behind their backs!‎ ‎1．Why did these colleagues talk behind their boss’s back?‎ A．They were afraid of her.‎ B．She treated them badly.‎ C．She was kind to them.‎ D．It was their daily practice.‎ 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，作者的老板——中学校长对他们太好了，因此，作者和同事们背后讨论她的好处，答案选C。‎ ‎2．Why did the author report their conversation to her principal?‎ A．They were good friends.‎ B．The principals hated them.‎ C．She guessed her principal might be glad to hear it.‎ D．She wanted to be praised.‎ 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可推知，作者是揣摩着校长应该是喜欢知道这些谈话的，所以作者把同事们背后说的关于她的好话告诉了她。‎ ‎3．What encouraged the author to be a good teacher?‎ A．Others’ nice talk behind her back.‎ B．Her good knowledge in teaching.‎ C．Her rich experience in teaching.‎ D．Her principal’s help.‎ 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第五段的第二句话可知，正是由于有人告诉作者别人在背后说作者是个好老师，才使得作者对教学增强了自信心。故答案选A。‎ ‎4．In the text，the author mainly wanted to advise us ________.‎ A．to accept others’ ideas modestly B．not to speak ill of others behind C．to listen to others’ talk secretly D．to report the nice things said behind people’s backs 解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章第三、四、五段分别举例说明把人们背后说的有关某人的好话告诉这个人，会对他产生积极的作用；文章最后一段又进一步进行了总结，要找机会成为别人背后好话的报告者。‎ ‎*********************************************************结束 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎ It was a winter in my childhood, on a snow-covered hill in our suburban neighborhood．My brother and I were on the sled，．him on top，me on the 36 I felt his chin(下巴)on my 37 and his feet on the backs of my knees．‎ ‎ The sled moved on the icy ground beneath us。We 38 speed as we slid down the hill．‎ ‎ “CAR!” someone 39 ‎ ‎ We 40 it coming down the street to our left．We screamed and 41 to slide away, 42 the runners did not move． 43 pressed the horn and． 44 the brakes，and we did what all kids do：we 45 off. 46 our hooded(带帽的)warm jacket，we 47 like logs down the cold，wet snow, thinking the next thing to touch us would be the hard rubber of 48 。We were shouting “AHHHHHHHH” and we were filled with 49 ， turning over and over, the world upside down，right side up，upside down．‎ ‎ And then， 50 ．We stopped rolling and caught our ‎5l and wiped the dripping snow from our faces. The driver mined down the street，wagging his finger．We were 52 . Our sled had ‎ knocked quietly into a snow bark, and our friends were joking with us now, saying “Cool” and “You 53 have died.”‎ ‎ I grinned at my brother, and we were united by childish pride．That wasn’t so 54 ， we thought, and we were 55 to take on death again．‎ ‎ 36．A．side B．left C．bottom D．end ‎ 37．A．cheek B．chest C．arm D．shoulder ‎ 38．A．looked up B．picked up C．made up D．took up ‎ 39。A．whispered B．mentioned C．said D．shouted ‎ 40，A．saw B．noticed C．observed D．felt ‎ 41．A．managed B．pretended C．seemed D．tried ‎ 42．A．and B．while C．but D．if ‎ 43．A．m passengers B．The driver C．The runners D．We ‎ 44．A，caused B．hit C．knocked D．pulled ‎ 45．A．slid B．got C．jumped D．came ‎ 46．A．On B．With C．In D．Above ‎ 47．A．fell B．ran C．felt D．rolled ‎ 48．A．a car tire B．a snow bank C．a solid ground D．a car light ‎ 49．A．excitement B．anxiety C．disappointment D．fear ‎ 50．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything ‎ 51．A．eye B．sled C．breath D．jacket ‎ 52．A．tired B．surprised C．safe D．confused ‎ 53．A．should B．must C．could D．will ‎ 54．A．easy B．exciting C．funny D．hard ‎ 55．A．unwilling B．ready C．possible D．upset ‎36－40 CDBDA 41－45 DCBBC ‎ ‎46—50 CDADC 51—55 CCCDB ‎***********************************************************结束 The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not ‎ things that lead to happiness involve some pain.‎ As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, self-improvement.‎ Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. lf he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.‎ Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's s1eep or three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.But couples who decide not to have children ever know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.‎ Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems point1ess. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.‎ ‎46. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because .‎ ‎ A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities ‎ B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single ‎ C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage ‎ D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement ‎47. Raising children, in the author's opinion, is .‎ ‎ A. a moral duty B. a thankless job ‎ C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain ‎48. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems form -.‎ ‎ A. hatred B. misunderstanding ‎ C. prejudice D. ignorance ‎49. To understand what true happiness in, one must______.‎ ‎ A. have as much fun as possible during one's 1ifetime.‎ ‎ B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain ‎ C. put up with pain under all circumstances ‎ D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun ‎50. What is the author trying to tell us?‎ ‎ A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.‎ ‎ B. One must know how to attain happiness.‎ ‎ C. It is important to make commitments.‎ ‎ D. It is pain that leads to happiness.‎ 参考答案 46‎-50 A C B D A ‎ ‎****************************************************结束 C It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity is taking place. It is taking place primari1y in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the g1oba1 village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.‎ Likewise, I don’t hear people in the academy saying, “Let’s go backward. Let's go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy (不拘一格降人才)” (which was never true—we never had a meritocracy, although we’ve come closer to it in the last 30 years, ) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where ‎ we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media—not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.‎ ‎51. The underlined word “imperative” in Para. l most probably refers to something .‎ ‎ A. superficial B. remarkable C. debatable D. essential ‎52. Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?‎ ‎ A. Minorities B. Politicians C. Professors D. Managers ‎53. High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to .‎ ‎ A. lower the rate of unemployment ‎ B. win equal political rights for minorities ‎ C. be competitive in the world market ‎ D. satisfy the demands of a growing popu1ation ‎54. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.‎ ‎ A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversity ‎ B. American political circles will not accept diversity ‎ C. it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S.‎ media ‎ D. minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity ‎55. According to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by .‎ ‎ A. expanding the pool of potential employees B. promoting policies that provide skills to employees C. training more engineers, scientists lawyers and business managers D. providing education for all regardless of race or sex 参考答案 51-55 D B CA D ‎*************************************************结束 The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.‎ Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S.‎ leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than ‎ half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.‎ Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall’s U.S.‎ employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.‎ Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.‎ ‎51. According to the passage, U.S.‎ leadership in public relations is being threatened because _______. ‎ A. an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies ‎ B. shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies ‎ C. the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.‎ ‎ D. increased efforts of other countries in public relations ‎52. London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because ________. ‎ A. British companies are more ambitious than U.S.‎ companies B. British companies place more importance on PR than U.S.‎ companies C. British companies are heavily involved in planning activities D. Four of the world’s top public relations agencies are British-owned ‎53. The word “provincial” in Para.3 most probably means“________.”‎ A. limited in outlook B) like people from the provinces C. rigid in thinking D) interested in world financial affairs ‎54. We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry ________.‎ A. speak at least one foreign language fluently B. are ignorant about world geography C. are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts D. enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications ‎55. What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?‎ A. American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.‎ B. The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.‎ C. People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.‎ D. People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign”.‎ 参考答案 51-55DBACA ‎***********************************************结束 ‎（湖南卷）Section B(18marks)‎ ‎ Directlons:For each blank in the following passage there are four wordes or phrases marked A,B,Cand D.fill in each blank,with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎ People in communities have slowly been pushcd apart through the years,mostly because people simply aren’t taking the time to say a simple “hello,”After considering this phenomenon,I decided I was going to 36 the way I was doing things.‎ ‎ My 37 came one morning when I was in the commity library.I passed by a girl who 38 her books out of her locker .Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way I loweverm when I had to 39 because I stupidly forgot my book,I noticed she had just finished packing them up by hersclf he one had stopped to 40 her.‎ ‎ “OK” I thought to myself,”this is where I should have changed.”‎ ‎ My best opportunity came a few days later whcn I saw a man 41 by himself waiting for the library to open ,so I sat down next to him and began a 42 .It was difficult to get started ,and even when I had to say goodbye,almost every 43 from my new fricnd had a tone (语气)of doubt in it ,And who could blame him?‎ ‎ People aren’t used to making an 44 chat with a stranger. But a changc, no matter how 45 it is necded,doesn’t just happen ,It takes people like us to make it possible. I 46 you to take a small ‎ step out of your comfort zone and try to make someone’s day a little brighter, Together,we can really make come 47 as a whole.‎ ‎36. A.change B.exolain C.lcarn D.show ‎37.A.trouble B.doubt C.wish D.opportunity ‎38. A.took B.dropped C.got D.pulled ‎39. A.come out B.stand by C.go back D.turn up ‎40. A.please B.greet C.help D.praise ‎41. A.sitting B.walking C.riding D.running ‎ ‎42. A.discussion B.lesson C.report D.conversation ‎43. A.joke B.response C.cry D.story ‎44. A.unchangeable B.unprepared C.unforgettable D.unfinished ‎45. A.desoerarely B.frequently C.semply D.wieely ‎46. A.allow B.warn C.order D.advise ‎ ‎47. A.tater B.straighter C.closer D.slower ‎【答案】ADBCC ADBBA DC ‎******************************************************结束