高考英语个必考知识点两天背下来高考英语必备

高考英语个必考知识点两天背下来高考英语必备

高考英语50个必考知识点(2019年高考英语必备）‎ ‎1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。‎ He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。‎ Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?‎ He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。‎ ‎2. hunt for = look for 寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。‎ hunt for a job 找工作 ‎3. in order to/so as to：这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.‎ He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.‎ In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。‎ ‎4. care about ‎1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。‎ ‎2）关心 = care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.她只考虑自己。她不关心别人。‎ ‎3）在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）‎ These young people care nothing about what old people might say.‎ 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。‎ ‎5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。‎ She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目,像物理、化学。‎ ‎6. drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信 ‎7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束 If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。‎ ‎8. stay up 不睡；熬夜 ‎（1） I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.‎ 我将回家很晚，不要等我了。‎ ‎（2） He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.‎ 他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。‎ ‎9. come about 引起；发生；产生 ‎（1）How did the accident come about?‎ 这场事故是怎么发生的？‎ ‎（2） They didn't know how the change had come about.‎ 他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。‎ ‎10. except for 除……之外 ‎（1） except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：‎ ‎①He answered all the questions except the last one.‎ 除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。‎ ‎②We go there every day except Sunday.‎ 除了星期天，我们天天去那里。‎ ‎（2）except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：‎ ‎①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.‎ 除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。‎ ‎②Your picture is good except for the colours.‎ 你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。‎ ‎（3）但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：‎ He answered all the questions except for the last one.‎ ‎（4） 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。‎ We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.‎ 除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。‎ ‎11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束 The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。‎ ‎12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上 ‎（1） I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.‎ 我差不多成功了，而他们没有。‎ ‎（2） Our living condition has more or less improved.‎ 我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。‎ ‎13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收 ‎（1） We should bring in new technology.‎ 我们应该引进新技术。‎ ‎（2） He brings in 800 dollars a month.‎ 他一个月挣八百美元。‎ ‎14. get away（from） 逃离 ‎（1）The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.‎ 小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。‎ ‎（2）I caught a really big fish but it got away.‎ 我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。‎ ‎15. watch out （for）注意；留心 ‎（1）Watch out! There is a car coming.‎ 小心！汽车来了。‎ ‎（2）Watch out for the hole in the road.‎ 留神路上的那个坑。‎ ‎16. see sb. off 给某人送行 Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.‎ 明天我到火车站给朋友送行。‎ ‎17. on the other hand 另一方面（用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面）‎ I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.‎ 我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。‎ ‎18. as well as 和，还 He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.‎ 她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。‎ ‎19. take place 发生 ‎ take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位 take sb’s place 或take the place of 代替、取代 ‎20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。 ‎ set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。 ‎ Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。 ‎ ‎21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 ‎ When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。 ‎ ‎22. travel agency旅行社 ‎=travel bureau ‎23. take off ‎ ‎1)脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 ‎ He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。 ‎ ‎2）（飞机）起飞 ‎ The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。 ‎ ‎3）匆匆离开 ‎ The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。 ‎ ‎24. go wrong  v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障 ‎ ‎25. in all  adv. 总共 ‎ ‎26. stay away v.外出 ‎ ‎27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） ‎ Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。 ‎ 相关词组：look for 寻找；look after照顾，照料； look forward to期待；look into调查； look on旁观；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻阅，查看，检查；look around环视；look through翻阅，查看。 ‎ ‎28. run after  追逐，追求 ‎ If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。‎ ‎29. on the air  广播 ‎ We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。 ‎ This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。‎ ‎30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好 ‎ He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。 ‎ I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。 ‎ think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 好……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样 ‎ I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。 ‎ ‎31. leave out ‎ ‎1) 漏掉 You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.‎ ‎2) 删掉, 没用 I haven’t changed or left out a thing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。 ‎ ‎32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）凝视，盯着看 ‎ Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。 ‎ 比较：glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着 ‎ 这两个小男孩互相怒视着，随时准备开战。‎ ‎33. make jokes about 就……说笑 ‎ They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。 ‎ have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑。 ‎ He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。‎ play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 ‎ We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。 ‎ v. joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。‎ ‎34. take over  接管；接替；继承 ‎ what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。 ‎ Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。 ‎ ‎35. break down ‎1) 破坏；拆散 ‎ Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.‎ 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ‎ The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。 ‎ ‎2)（机器）损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ‎ The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。 ‎ ‎3) 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。 ‎ ‎4) 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。 ‎ ‎5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。 ‎ ‎36. get on one’s feet ‎1）站起来;站起来发言 ‎ ‎2）(=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立 ‎ ‎3）(人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)‎ ‎37. go through ‎1) 经历；经受；遭到 ‎ These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。 ‎ ‎2) 完成；做完 I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。 ‎ ‎3）通过；批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。 ‎ Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。 ‎ ‎4）全面检查；搜查 ‎ They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。‎ ‎38.take over  接管；接替；继承 ‎ what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。 ‎ Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接 ‎ 管（他的工作）。 ‎ ‎39. break down ‎1) 破坏；拆散 ‎ Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.‎ 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ‎ The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。 ‎ ‎2)（机器）损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ‎ The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。 ‎ ‎3) 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。 ‎ ‎4) 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。‎ ‎5) 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。‎ ‎40. “So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 ‎ He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．)‎ You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．)‎ She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．)‎ Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．)‎ A: I went to the park yesterday．‎ B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．)‎ ‎41.“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。‎ A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。‎ B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．)‎ A：You seem to like sports．‎ B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．)‎ A：It will be fine tomorrow．‎ B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．)‎ ‎42.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。‎ My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。‎ ‎43. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。‎ She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.‎ ‎44. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。‎ There you are! Then let's have some coffee.‎ 除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。‎ There you are! I knew we should find it at last.‎ 对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。‎ ‎45. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.‎ ‎①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?‎ 你理解英语口语有困难吗？‎ ‎②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.‎ 她说她在发音方面有困难。‎ ‎46. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”‎ ‎①He has a good knowledge of London.‎ 他对伦敦有所了解。‎ ‎②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.‎ ‎47. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。‎ fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词a。‎ You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。‎ make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。‎ funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲 的衣服，看上去很滑稽。‎ ‎48. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。‎ 这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。‎ ‎49. 直接引语和间接引语 ‎（1）直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。‎ eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般过去时改成过去完成时)‎ He told me he had broken my CD player.‎ Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”‎ ‎(现在完成时改成过去完成时)‎ Jenny said she had lost a book.‎ Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”‎ ‎(一般将来时改成过去将来时)‎ Mum said she would go to see a friend.‎ 过去完成时保留原有的时态 He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”‎ He said they hadn’t finished their homework.‎ 注意 直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。‎ ‎（2）在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：‎ Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”‎ Mary said her brother was and engineer.‎ ‎（3）直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：‎ He said, “Can you run, Mike?”‎ He asked Mike whether/if he could run.‎ ‎（4）直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)  (not) to do sth.”句型。如：‎ ‎“Pass me the water, please.”said he.‎ He asked him to pass her the water.‎ ‎（5）直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：‎ She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”‎ She suggested going to the cinema.‎ 或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.‎ ‎50. 现在进行时表将来的动作 现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。‎ ‎（1）用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。‎ ‎（2）现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。‎ The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。‎ He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。‎ ‎（3）用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。‎ ‎（4）现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。‎ What are you doing next Friday?‎ 下星期五你们打算干什么？‎ The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.‎ 飞机今晚七点半起飞。‎