高考真题——英语新课标I卷解析

高考真题——英语新课标I卷解析

2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标 I) 英 语 注意事项： 1 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分。 2 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。 3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 4.第 I 卷听力部分满分 30 分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。 5 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡 上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What does the woman want to do? A. Find a place. B. Buy a map. C. Get an address. 2. What will the man do for the woman? A. Repair her car. B. Give her a ride.. C. Pick up her aunt. 3. Who might Mr. Peterson be? A. A new professor. B. A department head. C. A company director. 4. What does the man think of the book? A. Quite difficult.. B. Very interesting. C. Too simple. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Weather. B. Clothes. C. News. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1．5 分，满分 22．5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman? A. He has a pain in his knee.. B. He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy. 7. What will the woman probably do next? A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do some exercise. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、9 题。 8. When will the man be home from work? A. At 5:45. B. At 6:15. C. At 6:50. 9. Where will the speakers go ?' A. The Green House Cinema. B. The New State Cinema . C. The UME Cinema. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. How will the speaker go to New York? A. By air. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 11. Why are the speakers making the trip? A. For business. B. For shopping. C. For holiday. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Driver and passenger B. Husband and wife. C. Fellow workers. 听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. In a classroom. 14. What does John do now? A. He’s a trainer. B. He’s a tour guide. C. He’s a college student. 15. How much can a new person earn for the first year? A. $10,500. B. $ 12,000. C. $ 15,000. 16. How many people will the woman hire? A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How long has the speaker lived in a big city? A. One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years. 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on public transport? A. It’s comfortable. B. It’s time-saving. C. It’s cheap. 19. What is good about living in a small town? A. It’s safer. B. It’s healthier. C. It’s more convenient. 20. What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most? A. Busy. B. Colourful C. Quiet. 第二部分阅读理解 （共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 45 分） 阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at :http:// cambridgesciencefestival.org. 21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School students. B. Cambridge locals. C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists. 22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th. C. On March 15th D. On April 21st. 23. What type of writing is this text? A .An exhibition guide. B. An art show review. C. An announcement. D. An official report. 【考点】考察广告应用类阅读 【文章大意】本文属于应用文中的通知，主要介绍了 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge 剑桥 科技节的很多信息，介如活动的流程，时间节点等。 21.【答案】A 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段 2,3 行 The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.可知这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生。故 A 正确。 22. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段 Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.可知进入挑战赛的并获奖的同学将在 4 月 21 日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖。故 D 正确。 23【答案】.C 【试题解析】推理题。本文主要介绍了 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge 剑桥科技节的很多 信息，属于应用文中的通知。也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况。故 C 正确。 【长难句解析】 Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. 【翻译】进入 Curiosity Challenge 并被选为获胜者的学生将会在 4 月 21 日一个特别的仪式上被授奖。 【分析】本句中含有一个定语从句 who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners，修饰先行 词 students。这个定语从句中的谓语部分是有 and 连接的两个并列的动词短语。 B Passenger pigeons (旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群)so large that they the sky for hours.It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati. Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. By the closing decades of the 19th century ,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by American’s need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914. 24. In the 18th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons____. A. were the biggest bird in the world B. lived mainly in the south of America C. did great harm to the natural environment D. were the largest bird population in the Us 25. The underlined word “ undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ ____. A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution 26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? A. To seek pleasure. B. To save other birds. C. To make money. D. To protect crops. 27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late. C. It was unfair. D. It was strict. 【考点】考察历史知识类阅读 【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是美国历史上鸽子曾经是最多的鸟类，但是人们不加控制的捕杀让鸽子的数 量迅速减少，虽然很多地方都采取了措施，但是效果仍然不明显。 24. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第一段 3,4 行 It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.可知鸽子在当时是美国 数量最多的鸟类。故 D 正确。 25. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段 3,4 行 there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time.可知很多鸽子都被捕捉并杀死卖往餐厅。所以该词应该 是指鸽子遇见了毁灭性的打击。故 B 正确。 26. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段最后一句 The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. 可知鸽子被捕捉并背运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅，说明人们捕捉鸽子是为了挣钱。故 C 正确。 27. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据本段第二行 but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.可知虽然制定 了法律，但是十年以后还没有看见成规模的很多的鸽子，说明这部法律的发行已经晚了。故 B 正确。 【长难句解析】 1.when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. 【翻译】当鸽子的数量到达顶峰的时候，有超过 30 亿只，这个数字是美国所有的鸟类的百分之 20-40，让 鸽子成为世界上数量最多的鸟。 【分析】本节中获得 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句。同时句中的现在分词短语 making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world 充当的是结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。当鸽子的数量达到了 30 亿只，毫无 疑问它是世界上数量最多的鸟。不定式做结果状语时，常常表示意料之外的结果。 2. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. 【翻译】在 1897 年，密西根州通过了一项法律，禁止人们捕杀鸽子。但是十年以后在这个州也没有看见 大规模的鸽群。 【分析】本句中的现在分词短语 prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons 作为定语修饰名词 a law；因为动 词 prohibite 与名词 a law 之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。后半句中的 by then 中的 by 到… 时，经常与完成时连用，如果与过去的时间连用，则使用过去完成时。本题中的 then 是过去的试卷，所以 后面使用了 had been。 C A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’ the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress? This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. 28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To trick the lion. B. To show off his skills. C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience. 29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things. C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3? A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful. C. Respectful. D. Supportive. 31. When the world is “ waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _____ A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance 【考点】考察社会生活类阅读 【文章大意】本文通过驯兽师驯狮子的时候把椅子放在狮子前面引起讨论，当我们人类面对很多选择时候， 我们应该怎么做。在文章中作者建议我们遇见这种情况，要离开采取行动。 28. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句 When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.可知把椅子放在狮子前面的时候，狮子被椅子的四条 腿迷惑住了，不知道该攻击那一个。所以椅子起着迷惑狮子的作用。故 A 正确。 29. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段 How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?可知当我们面临着很多选择的时候，我们也会很困惑，不知道该选择哪一种。这一点和面对椅子 的狮子是相似的。故 A 正确。 30. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据第三段 The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.说 明作者对于专家有怀疑，因为我们最后采取的行动较少，取得的进步也小。故 B 正确。 31【答案】.C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章最后一段 2,3 行 All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.可知当我们面对多种选择的时 候，我们需要的只是立刻采取行动。故 C 正确。 【长难句解析】 1.The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it is the chair that does the important work. 【翻译】驯兽师的鞭子引起了人们的注意，但这只是为了表演。实际上，起着重要作用的是椅子。 【分析】本句中含有一个强调句 it is the chair that does the important work.。强调的是句子的主语 the chair。 强调句的用法及判断，一般说来，如果把句子中的 It is/was…that 去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整的句 子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型，否则为其他从句， 我们应熟记这些基本规则。 2. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing, 【翻译】任何时候你发现你的面前有椅子在挥动的时候，请记住这一点：你需要的是集中注意力于一件事 情。 【分析】本句中的 anythime 引导的是一个时间状语从句，后面的 remember 引导的祈使句是主语。要特别 注意 All you need to do is focus on one thing,中在 is 的后面省略了 to。当主语中含有动词 do 的某种形式时， 表语中不定式的 to 可以省略。 D. As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect. Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal. Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record. At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection. Now, through the two organizations that he has founded –the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project __Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, for the world available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities. 32. Many scholars are making efforts to ______. A. promote global languages B. rescue disappearing languages C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations. 33. What does “that tradition’ in Paragraph 3 refer to ? A. Having full records of the languages B. Writing books on language teaching. C. Telling stories about language users D. Living with the native speaker. 34. What is Turin’s book based on? A. The cultual studies B. The documents available at Yale. C. His language research in Bhutan. D. His personal experience in Nepal. 35. Which of the following best describe Turin’s work? A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward. C. Collect, protect and reconnect. D. Design, experiment and report. 【考点】考察文化教育类阅读 【文章大意】本文告诉我们世界上有很多语言和文化即将消失，有很多学者正在努力保护这些文化，如 Mark Turin。他们收集，整理这些文化有关的材料，运用现代电子技术进行保存或保护等等。 32. 【答案】B 【试题解析】细节题。根据第二段 2,3 行 have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消 失。他们在挽救这些文化。故 C 正确。 33. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段 have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。而 Mark Turin 正在 following in that tradition（追随这样的传统）。所以这里的 It 就是指前面一段里的学者在 记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。故 A 正确。 34. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段中的 grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.这本书的内容出自他在尼泊尔生活，工作以及抚养家人的经历。说明这本书是以他的个人 经历为基础的。故 D 正确。 35. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第四段 Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China .他一直都在收集这些材料；根据文章第五段 which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection 可知他在努力这些材料。再根据文章最后一段 the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities 可知 C 项说法是正确的。 【长难句解析】 1.In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century 【翻译】实际上，到下个世纪现有的 6000-7000 种被讲的语言中有一半都可能会消失。 【分析】本句中含有一个过去分词短语 spoken around the world today 作为定语修饰前面的名词 languages。 相当于定语从句 which are spoken around the world today。 2. Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . 【翻译】对于 Turin 来说记录 Thangmi 语言和文化只是一个开始，他还努力喜马拉雅山地区的印度，尼泊 尔，不丹和中国的语言和传统都包括在他的工作里。 【分析】本句中 Documenting the Thangmi language and culture 是动名词短语在句中做主语。后面句中含有 一个非限制性定语从句 who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China .修饰先行词 Turin。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1.Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. 37. Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 38. There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3.Personal skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 . “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 4. Self Expression 40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we can’t forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 36．【答案】D 【试题解析】推理题。根据前一句 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented 未来的工作还没有发明 出来。所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的。更谈不上让我们的孩子为之做好准备。我们能做的就是 让我们的孩子练好传统的技能。 37. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。根据下一行“What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?”可知本段讲述的是做饭，这也是一项传统技能。我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭，通过孩子的 好奇心来培养这种传统的技能。 38. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据前面一句 True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new 真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力。所以我们给孩子机会让他们用 新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物，以此来培养他们的创造能力。只有 C 项符合上下文串联。 39. 【答案】F 【试题解析】根据下面的三个问题“Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 可知我们要让孩子来思考为什么别人会有各种行为。以此培养他们理解他人思想的能力，以免错误的判断 形势得出错误的结论。所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力。F 项符合上下文语境。 40. 【答案】G 【试题解析】根据 music, acting, drawing,building, photography.可知这些都是我们表达自己思想的有效方法， 能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的技巧。我们要培养孩子这方面的能力。故 G 项符合上下文语境。 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分） 第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填人空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hours at a time when they first 54 their driver’s license (执照)? Before people retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement , the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . And , like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 . 41. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly- collected D. half-filled 47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 48. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game 50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely 54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D.discovered 55. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan 56. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon. 59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues 【考点】考察人生感悟类完型 【文章大意】在人的一生中会有很多的兴趣爱好，但是当这些兴趣爱好成为经常做的事情时，人们很快就 会失去对它们的兴趣，转而寻找新的兴趣爱好了。作者在本文中通过不同年龄的孩子，年轻人，成年人以 及即将退休的人的例子告诉我们这个定理。 41. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文语境。A 原则，定理；B 习惯；C 弱者；D 权力，电力；通常说来 当各种活动变成常规的时候都会让人厌倦。实际上这一定理在各个年龄段的人身上都有反映。本句中的 principle 定理，指经常出现的情况。 42. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析和上下文串联。A 聚会；政党；B 种族；C 国家；D 年龄；作者在下面列举 了小孩子，青年人，成年人已经要退休的人的情况，说明各个年龄段的人都存在这样的情况。 43. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察短语辨析。Work with…与某人一起工作；live with 与…同居；忍受；paly with 玩耍；go with 与…相配套；paly with 是指不按照规则的随便玩耍。孩子们对于玩新的玩具总是很兴奋。 44. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 信心；B 兴趣；C 焦虑；D 悲伤；根据前句 children are excited… 说明开始的时候孩子对于新玩具的兴趣很浓厚。但是慢慢地他们对于哲学新的玩具的兴趣就消失了。那些 曾经很喜欢的玩具都被放在了地下室里了。 45. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察形容词辨析及上下文串联。A 同样的；B 额外的；C 有趣的，滑稽的；D 昂贵的；慢慢地 他们对于哲学新的玩具的兴趣就消失了。那些曾经很喜欢的同样的玩具都被放在了地下室里了。 46. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察形容词辨析及上下文串联。A 有组织的；B 彩印的；C 刚收集的；D 半满的；本文主要讲 述的是人们的兴趣经常会半途而废。这句是指我们总是不把事情做完整，集邮本只有一半邮票，小说只写 了一部分，没有完工。这些都是兴趣转移的情况。 47. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 宽阔的；B 过去的；以前的；C 不同的；D 主要的；这 些一半满的集邮本，写了一半的小说都是我们过去的兴趣的纪念物。这些材料能够说明曾经很感兴趣的东 西最后都会让人厌倦。 48. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察副词辨析及语境串联。A 安静地；B 不耐烦的；C 高兴地；D 担心地；当父母亲把宠物带 回家，孩子们很高兴地给宠物洗澡，梳理毛发。这说明在新鲜事物出现的时候，人们总是兴趣浓厚。 49. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察名词辨析及语境串联。A 诺言；B 负担；C 权利；D 游戏；但是慢慢慢地照顾宠物就成为 了负担（他们对照顾宠物已经不感兴趣了），这个负担就由父母亲承担了。 50. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察名词辨析及上下文串联。A 勇气；B 镇定；C 困惑；D 兴奋；与孩子一样，进入高中的年 轻人在开始的时候非常兴奋，但是很快他们就厌倦了高中生活，期待着毕业了。 51. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 毕业；B 独立；C 责任；D 成功；这个例子仍然告诉我们 年轻人的兴趣也是很快就消失的。刚进入高中时很兴奋，但很快他们就厌倦了高中生活，期待着毕业了。 52. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及语境串联。A 孩子；B 学生；C 成年人；D 退休的人。在前几句里叙述了 小孩子，青年人的情况之后，本句开始讲述成年人的情况。那些抱怨开车很长时间上班的人在刚刚拿到驾 照的时候又是无比兴奋。 53. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察副词辨析及上下文串联。A 细心地；B 急切地；C 紧张地；D 勇敢地；刚刚拿到驾照的成 年人非常兴奋，急切地连续开车好几个小时，慢慢地他们厌倦了开车，开车上班都有了抱怨。 54. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语境串联。A 要求，请求；B 获得；拿到；C 注意到；D 发现；本句是指 成年人在刚刚得到驾照的时候无比急切地要去开车。 55. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 需要；B 学习；C 开始；D 计划；本句在讲述即将退休的 老人的情况。他们在退休之前，计划在退休之后要做很多的事情。 56. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察形容词辨析及语境串联。A 很棒的，伟大的；B 强壮的；C 困难的；D 正确的；在退休之 前，他们雄心勃勃地计划要去做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作的时候没有时间去做的。 57. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 时间；B 金钱；C 技巧；D 知识；本句的关键词是 while working，人们在工作的时候是没有太多的事情做别的事情的。故 A 正确。 58. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察副词词义辨析及上下文理解；A 仅仅；B 好；C 甚至；D 很快；退休之前野心勃勃，但是 退休之后很快，这些计划要做的高尔夫，钓鱼等都被他们放弃了。因为他们已经没有兴趣了。 59. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语境串联。A 失去；B 选择；C 离开；D 放弃；他们放弃高尔夫等是因为 这些爱好和他们离开的工作一样都变得很无聊乏味了。 60. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A 宠物；B 玩具；C 朋友；D 同事；这些退休的老人和 1 月 份的孩子一样抛弃了以前的兴趣，去找新的玩具了。也就是说他们去寻找新的兴趣了。 【长难句解析】 Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of great things, which they never had time to do while working. 【翻译】在人们退休之前，他们经常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们工作时没有时间去做的。 【分析】本句中含有时间状语从句 Before people retire，使用一般现在时代替将来时。同时句中还有一个 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 which they never had time to do while working 修饰前面的先行词 great things. 第 II 卷 注意事项： 用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分） 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于 3 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience). 61. 【答案】was 【试题解析】根据本段第一句 In 1969,the pollution was terrible 可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cleveland 在过去被污染地如此地严重，过去没有人能够想象倒这条河被清理干净。 62. 【答案】actually 【试题解析】本句中使用副词 actually 做状语修饰谓语动词 caught fire，actual 是形容词，不能在句中做状 语，通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。 63. 【答案】the 【试题解析】本句横线后面的 most 是最高级的形式，所以使用 the most outstanding 的形式。 64. 【答案】 or 【试题解析】句义：但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的 or“或者”表示选择的意思。 65. 【答案】 to reduce 【试题解析】考察固定句式：It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花了某人…时间；句中的不定式 to reduce he industrial pollution and clean the water 是句子真正的主语。前面的 it 是形式主语。 66. 【答案】cleaner 【试题解析】句义：最后人们的努力得到了回报，现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有 than，说明横 线上应该使用比较级的形式。 67. 【答案】that/which 【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是 a habit，定语从句中使用关系动词 that/which 指代先行词在 句做主语。 68. 【答案】 amazing 【试题解析】现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物，过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事 物。横线后面是名词 story，说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。 69. 【答案】 changes 【试题解析】本句中谓语部分是系动词 are，说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词，所以使用 changes。 70. 【答案】 Patient 【试题解析】横线前面有系动词 be，说明本句是一个祈使句 be patient 耐心一点。因为很多变化都是逐渐 发生的，需要很多努力，我们要耐心一点。 第四部分写作（共两节；满分 35 分） 第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 假段定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处 加一个漏字符号(  )，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 1． 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣 女果）in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at on cost! 1. 【答案】before 改为 ago 【试题解析】一段时间和 before 连用的时候常常和完成时连用。一段时间和 age 连用，常常和过去时连用。 句义：大约 5 年前，在父亲的帮助下，妹妹和我种了一些圣女果。 2. 【答案】by 改为 of 【试题解析】考察固定搭配 with the help of…在…的帮助下。 3. 【答案】year 改为 years 【试题解析】本句前面的形容词 these 常常修饰可数名词复数形式，所以使用名词 years。 4. 【答案】had 改为 have 【试题解析】本句的时间状语是 all these years，通常和现在完成进行时连用。所以使用 have been doing 的形式。 5. 【答案】As 后面加 a 【试题解析】考察固定搭配 as a result 结果是；句义：结果，圣女果长得到处都是。 6. 【答案】somewhere 改为 everywhere 【试题解析】根据上下文可知我们让圣女果自己繁殖，所以到处长得都是圣女果。 7. 【答案】taste 改为 tasty 【试题解析】本句中的形容词 juicy 和 tasty 都是形容词和前面的 small 一样都和系动词 are 构成系表结构。 这些水果很小，但是多汁而且味道很好。 8. 【答案】much 改为 many 【试题解析】本句中的 many 指代可数名词 cherry tomatoes 的复数形式，所以不能使用 much 修饰。 9. 【答案】but 改为 yet 或者去掉 but 【试题解析】连词 although 不能和 but 连用，因为这两个词都是连词，不能一起连用。可以把 but 改为副 词 yet。 10. 【答案】wonderfully 改为形容词 wonderful 【试题解析】本句中使用形容词 wonderful 做定语来修饰后面的名词 tomatoes。 笫二节书面表达（满分 25 分） 假定你是李华，计划暑假间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信， 询问有关情况（箭头所指内容） 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3．参考词汇：住宿-accommodation 【考点】考察应用文（书信）写作 【写作指导】 本文属于应用文中的书信，李华写信给英国的一个培训中心询问暑假培训的详细内容。使用第一人称和将 来时为主的时态。 要点：1.你计划去英国学习英语；2.看见了对方的广告，引起你的注意。想询问具体信息。3.该校培训班的 开始日期，班级规模，周课时，费用以及食宿方式。4.期待对方的回信。 写作时要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，多注意灵活使用 定语从句，包括非限制性定语从句等高级句式。 【一句多译】 我是一名来自中国的学生，我计划在假期里到英国参加一个暑期培训班。 （1）I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. （2）As a student from China, I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. 【参考范文】 Dear Sir/ Madam, I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. I’ve seen your ad, and I’d like to know something more about your six-week English course. First when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week? Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included Would there be host family or university dormitory? I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours faithfully, Li Hua