2020版高考英语一轮基础习选题 Unit 2 English around the world（含解析）新人教版必修1

2020版高考英语一轮基础习选题 Unit 2 English around the world（含解析）新人教版必修1

Unit 2 English around the world 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ If you want a little extra security against thieves stealing your bicycle, designer Dennis Siegel has designed a solution. The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement. ‎ ‎“The RFID Bikealarm is meant to be a useful add-on to mechanical bicycle locks because it greatly extends the range of protection with only a few components, ” Siegel explains on his website. “It is low-cost, durable and easy to use. ”‎ The Bikealarm was designed as part of Siegel’s Bachelor’s degree thesis at the University of the Arts Bremen in Germany. The device will scare off any would-be thief the moment he begins to steal the bicycle to which it is attached. It is able to continuously sense the environment to distinguish between specific events, for instance a passing tram/car and a serious theft. ‎ Siegel created a working model of an alarm that would sound when it sensed movement, but wasn’t initially sure how it would be best attached to a bicycle. “I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat because it allows for comfortable interaction and the position is less obvious as it looks like a small repair kit, ” he says. ‎ Siegel chose to use RFID technology rather than Bluetooth to keep the costs down. Siegel explains that the most difficult aspect of creating the alarm was to get the electronic circuit down to a small enough size. ‎ The device runs off a kind of battery that can be charged by USB within 2 hours and lasts for a few days with normal use. As the Bikealarm is only at development stage, Siegel hasn’t signed any agreements to put it on the market. ‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了一种新型的防止自行车被盗的报警装置。‎ ‎1. When it senses movement, the RFID Bikealarm will ________. ‎ A. make a warning sound B. fasten the bicycle tightly C. shake the bicycle quickly 8‎ D. call the police automatically ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的gives off an alarm when it senses movement. 以及第四段中的Siegel created a working model of an alarm可知。‎ ‎2. Which of the followings shows the right position of the RFID Bikealarm on a bicycle? ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement. 以及第四段中的I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat可知它应该安装在座子下面的横梁上, 故选B。‎ ‎3. What do we know about the RFID Bikealarm? ‎ A. It can’t tell between specific events. ‎ B. It is very difficult to use. ‎ C. It uses a kind of battery for power. ‎ D. It depends on Bluetooth technology. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The device runs off a kind of battery that can be charged by USB within 2 hours可知该装置的能量是由电池来提供的。故选C。‎ ‎4. It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that ________. ‎ A. the electronic circuit is a little larger B. it’s very easy to make a Bikealarm C. it costs too much at present D. not many Bikealarms are produced 8‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知Siegel还没有把这种新的报警装置推到市场。故选D。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．This tree looks tall and strong but ________ (actual) its trunk is hollow.‎ 答案：actually　actually “事实上，实际上”。‎ ‎2．Schools have rights to set down their own rules ________ (base) on the general conditions of the students.‎ 答案：based　be based on “以……为基础”，此处为过去分词短语作定语，因此填based。‎ ‎3．The girl used to be shy, but is ________ (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.‎ 答案：gradually　此处修饰动词短语get active in，故用副词gradually “逐渐地”，在句中作状语。‎ ‎4．On seeing her new classmate, she came ________ and said with a smile, “Glad to meet you.”‎ 答案：up　come up在本句中表示“走近”。‎ ‎5．She was ________ worried than angry when her daughter didn't come home.‎ 答案：more　more worried than angry “与其说是生气不如说是担心”。‎ ‎6．Buses run ________ (frequent) from the city to the airport.‎ 答案：frequently　此处修饰动词run，因此要用副词形式frequently。‎ ‎7．The request is that manuscripts (手稿) ________ (write) on one side only.‎ 答案：(should) be written　request在这里是名词，作主语时，后面的表语从句中的谓语动词应使用“should＋动词原形”结构，并且should可省略，此处表示被动意义，故填(should) be written。‎ ‎8．Sometimes it looks like people with great selfcontrol aren't working hard—but that's ________ they've made it automatic.‎ 答案：because　that's because ... “那是因为……”。‎ ‎9．There is no such thing ________ darkness; only a failure to see.‎ 答案：as　句意：没有黑暗这种东西，只有看不见而已。There is no such ... as ... “没有像……的……”。‎ ‎10．From his ________ (express), I knew he didn't want me to ask this question.‎ 答案：expression　由空前代词his可知应填名词，expression “表情；表达”。‎ 8‎ 三、完形填空。‎ Over the last 15 years, as a doctor, I have had heart-to-heart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives. The most common emotion they express is　1　. And that’s　2　I came up with a project to encourage people to write a　3　to their loved ones. It’s a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable　4　patient. ‎ He was a retired　5　with a cancer. Every day, his　6　spent many hours watching him watch television. She explained to me he had never been much of a　‎7　in their 50-plus years of marriage. But he seemed quite　8　to share his ideas with me, 　9　 when it became clear his days were　10　. He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife, and of his great　‎11　in his son, who had joined the Navy in his father’s footsteps. ‎ One afternoon, when I mentioned these　12　to his wife and son, they looked disbelievingly at each other. They thanked me for being so kind but　13　my patient was unlikely to express such feelings. To make sure his family could hear his　14　, I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patient’s　15　, recorded an open letter from him to his family. When I gave them the　16　letter, both his wife and son were moved to tears. ‎ The experience　17　my letter project, which can help people complete their life review tasks: apologizing to those we may have hurt; 　18　 those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”. It may take much courage to write a life review letter. For some people, it　19　deep and troubling emotions. 　20　 it may be the most important letter you will ever write. ‎ ‎【文章大意】 作为一名医生, 因为与无数临终的病人交谈过, 他们常表达出自己的遗憾。这激发了作者想让人们给自己爱的人写一封信的想法, 以此表达对曾经伤害过的人的歉意及原谅伤害过自己的人们。‎ ‎1. A. gratitude　 B. regret　 C. apology　 D. affection ‎【解析】选 B。根据下文的内容可知在临终之前表达的都是遗憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude感激; regret后悔, 遗憾; apology 道歉; affection情感。‎ 8‎ ‎2. A. because B. why C. when D. how ‎【解析】选B。从语境可看出那就是我为什么(why)提出这个项目。‎ ‎3. A. note B. bill C. letter D. sentence ‎【解析】选C。通过语境可知病人临终时常有遗憾, 因此作者通过这个项目来鼓励人们写信给自己所爱的人。故选 letter。‎ ‎4. A. dying B. weak C. unconscious D. silent ‎【解析】选A。从下文可知这是从一个将要去世的人身上学到的教训。因此选项dying符合题意。weak虚弱的; unconscious 无意识的; silent沉默的。‎ ‎5. A. merchant B. worker C. official D. soldier ‎【解析】选D。从后文可知他当过海军, 因此是个士兵(soldier)。‎ ‎6. A. family B. daughter 　C. son D. wife ‎【解析】选D。从下文中“in their 50-plus years of marriage. ”(在他们结婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。‎ ‎7. A. husband B. lover C. talker D. companion ‎【解析】选C。上文说他妻子每天都在看他看电视, (可知他是个不健谈的人。)由此可推断出她向我解释说在他们结婚的50多年里, 他不是个健谈的人(talker)。‎ ‎8. A. willing B. disturbing C. embarrassed D. delighted ‎【解析】选A。根据句意可知这个人不善言谈却愿意(willing)和“我”分享他的一些想法。disturbing烦扰的, 令人不安的; embarrassed局促不安的, 为难的, 尴尬的, 窘迫的; delighted高兴的。‎ ‎9. A. specially B. especially C. exactly D. gradually ‎【解析】选B。他看起来非常愿意和“我”分享他的想法, 尤其(especially)是他在世上的日子不多了的时候。 specially特别地, 专门地, 特意地, 格外地; especially尤其; exactly确切地; gradually慢慢地。‎ ‎10. A. numbered B. died 8‎ C. ended D. completed ‎【解析】选A。从上文可知他是个癌症患者, 所剩时日不多, 屈指可数。故用numbered。‎ ‎11. A. satisfaction B. pride C. concern D. complaint ‎【解析】选B。他儿子以他为榜样参加了海军, 因此他以儿子为傲(pride)。 satisfaction 满意; concern关心; complaint抱怨; pride骄傲, 自豪。故选B。 ‎ ‎12. A. comments B. decisions C. explanations D. promises ‎【解析】选A。当我把他的话(即评论)对他的妻子和儿子说时, 他们难以置信。comment评论; decision决定; explanation解释; promise承诺, 允诺。‎ ‎13. A. denied B. disbelieved C. insisted D. realized ‎【解析】选C。从上文可知这个病人是个不善言谈的人, 所以当他儿子和妻子听到这样的评论时难以相信, 因此他们才会感谢我并坚持(insisted)他是不可能如此表达的。deny否认; disbelieve 难以相信; realize意识到, 知道, 实现。从上文可知C符合题意。‎ ‎14. A. sorrow B. anxiety C. wish D. love ‎【解析】选D。从上文的内容可知这个病人表达的是对家人的爱(love)。sorrow悲痛; anxiety 焦虑, 担心; wish 愿望; love爱。‎ ‎15. A. desire B. permission C. request D. assistance ‎【解析】选B。第二天我带着摄像机, 经过病人的同意(permission)。 desire渴望; permission允许, 批准; request 请求; assistance帮助。从上下文可知是病人的允许。故选permission。‎ ‎16. A. taped B. typed C. written D. unopened ‎【解析】选A。tape录音; type打字; write 写作; unopen未打开。‎ ‎17. A. raised B. inspired C. proved D. welcomed ‎【解析】选B。根据下文可知这个项目能帮助人们弥补过去的憾事, 这事激励了我。raise引起, 抱起, 提高(价格等), 养育, 筹集; inspire鼓舞, 激励, 赋予灵感, 启迪; prove证明, 证实; welcome欢迎, 乐于接受。‎ 8‎ ‎18. A. acknowledging B. forgetting C. hurting D. forgiving ‎【解析】选D。向那些我们可能伤害过的人道歉; 原谅那些伤害过我们的人, 并说“我爱你”。acknowledge承认, 感谢; forget忘记; hurt伤害; forgive原谅。通过上下文可知是原谅(forgive)那些伤害过我们的人, D符合题意。‎ ‎19. A. calls for B. calls off C. calls in D. calls up ‎【解析】选D。它可能唤起人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。call for要求, 需要, 提倡; call off放弃, 取消, 叫走; call in召集, 召来, 收回; call up 打电话, 召集,使想起, 唤醒。故选D。‎ ‎20. A. So B. For C. Yet D. Otherwise ‎【解析】选C。虽然能让人们想起不好的情绪但却是最重要的一封信。由此可知是转折关系。故选C。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．Oil must be made full use to serve the people well.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：use后加of　此处为make full use of ... 结构的被动语态。‎ ‎2．After 25 years, she has changed without recognition.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：without→beyond　beyond recognition “难以认出”。‎ ‎3．Try to tell what you think of Tom and of the way which the children treated him.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉which或which→that或which前加in　the way作先行词，且在定语从句中作状语时，其引导词有三种形式：that/in which或省略。‎ ‎4．Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because of she thought it was too hard.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：去掉of　because引导原因状语从句。because of后接名词(短语)、代词或宾语从句。‎ ‎5．The manager gave his command that measures were taken immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.‎ 8‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：were→be　that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明command的具体内容，其从句中的谓语动词应使用 “should＋动词原形”的结构，并且should可省略。‎ 8‎