2014-2018高考英语试题分项版解析专题22短文改错含解析

2014-2018高考英语试题分项版解析专题22短文改错含解析

专题22 短文改错 ‎2019年高考题 ‎【2019·全国I】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。‎ 删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：(1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。‎ ‎71. During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also Iwent here again,they had a big separnte house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。‎ ‎3. another改成other 考查形容词的用法。他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将another改成other。‎ ‎4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故将here改成there。‎ ‎5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。‎ ‎7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。‎ ‎8. happily改成happy 考查形容词作表语。他们的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高兴。此处形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。‎ ‎9. 删除for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，‎ last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。‎ ‎10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是并列关系，故将but改成and。‎ 点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。‎ 例：We are going to fish this morning.‎ I finished the course last winter holiday.‎ ‎【2019·全国II】短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 ‎ 注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎71. When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.‎ ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的个人经历。小时候周五夜晚家长不允许作者看卡通片，而是让他和他们一块儿玩扑克牌游戏。长大后作者才明白，这些纸牌游戏在后来的生活中很有用。‎ 第一处：考查名词。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把Friday’s改为Friday。‎ 第二处：考查名词单复数。all表示三者或三者以上，后用名词复数。故把sort改为sorts。‎ 第三处：考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。‎ 第四处：考查动词不定式。句意：无论我要求多少次要去看（卡通片）‎ ‎。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。‎ 第五处：考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to删除。‎ 第十处：考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。‎ 点晴：名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别。一般来说，名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质，而名词所有格作定语则强调对被修饰的词的所有（权）关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。“the Party members（党员）”中，名词定语表示members的性质；“the Party’s calls（党的号召）”中，Party具有动作发出者的作用，calls虽然是名词，却具有动作的含义。a student teacher实习教师，a student’s teacher一位学生的老师。‎ ‎【2019·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.‎ ‎【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。‎ 第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。‎ 第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。‎ 第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把and改为or。‎ 第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。‎ 第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。‎ ‎【点睛】此题中的难点为非谓语动词的考查，如第二处错误，第五处错误，第二处解答时要分析句子结构，根据句中是否有谓语，连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语，再根据句子主语everyone，与wait 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查be afraid to do 这一短语。 ‎ ‎2019年高考题 短文改错记叙文 ‎ [2019·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ ‎[答案]‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still eighteenth remember how hard ∧first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the ‎ the/my ‎ instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me but/yet went altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！” “Slow down！”“Turning words Turn left！” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the later sudden ‎ middle on the road. ‎ of ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。‎ ‎3. so改为but或yet　考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练说的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白。前后文为转折关系，故将so改为but或yet。‎ ‎4. goes改为went　考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。‎ ‎5. word改为words　考查名词复数。教练一直喊“加速”“减速”“左转”。 word表示某人说的话时是可数名词，故将word改为words。‎ ‎6. Turning改为Turn　考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”“减速”“左转”都是祈使句，根据前文“Speed up！” “Slow down！”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形开头，故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎9. suddenly改为sudden　考查形容词。“我”紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。 sudden为形容词，表示“突然的，迅速的”，修饰名词stop。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎10. on改为of　考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”。on the road表示“在路上”， the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。‎ ‎2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。‎ 例如第75题将 word改为words。word的意思主要是“单词,消息”，words 可以表示为word的复数，也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话，故将word改为words。‎ ‎3. 冠词错误：误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）‎ 例如第72题 first前加the或my。句中特指开始学驾照的第一天，所以在first前加上the。也可以加上my，my first day表示“我（学驾照）的第一天”。故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎4. 形容词和副词错误：系动词（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性动词（smell/feel）后用形容词；词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词和形容词）。‎ 例如第79题将suddenly改为sudden。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。 sudden为形容词，表示“突然的；迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎5. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）错误；反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使 用错误；代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。‎ ‎6. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。‎ 例如第76 题将Turning改为Turn。分析语境可知教练的话“加速”，“减速”，“左转”都是祈使句，根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎7. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；介词的多用或少用。‎ 例如第80题将 on改为of。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”，on the road表示“在路上”， the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。‎ ‎ [2019·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!‎ ‎[答案]‎ Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school，and it takes them both或 ‎ about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time，they are interesting in an/one interested planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up ‎ which earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought some gardening tools. ‎ early Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came,‎ Besides information comes they will invite their students ∧pick the fresh vegetables! ‎ to ‎[解析] 考查记叙文，本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。‎ ‎7. Beside改为Besides　考查副词的用法。besides在此表示 “除了……还”。‎ ‎8. informations改为information　考查不可数名词。information为不可数名词。 ‎ ‎9. came改为comes　考查动词时态。此处指“当夏天来临时”，用一般现在时。‎ ‎10. students后加to　考查固定结构。invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。 ‎ 一、词法改错 词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。‎ 例如：本题中的 ‎8.informations改为information 考查名词单复数 二、句法改错 句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。‎ 例如：‎ ‎4.that改为which 考查非限制性定语从句。‎ 三、语篇改错 语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。例如：‎ ‎9.came改为comes 考查时态 考点：考查短文改错 ‎ [2019·全国卷Ⅲ]‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.‎ ‎[答案]‎ When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only ‎ have physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I but taken ‎ entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. ‎ became ‎ Around me in ∧picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car this/the that/which magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes，‎ different playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me latest ‎ many happy memories of your high school days. ‎ my ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，回忆了作者以前的故事。‎ ‎6. picture前加this/the　考查限定词。根据语境可知这张照片是上文提到的照片，是特指，故需要用限定词this/the修饰。‎ ‎7. they→that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，前面的倒装句“Around me in the picture are the things…”是一个单句，而后面的“…they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.”也是一个单句，在这种情况下，要么在两个单句之间用并列连词连接，要么把后面这个单句变为从句。从句意上看，这里变为定语从句更为合理，故把they改为that/which。‎ ‎8. difference→different　考查词形转换。修饰名词kinds用形容词。‎ ‎9. late→latest　考查形容词最高级。根据句意“收集最新的唱片”可知需要用最高级。‎ ‎10．your→my　考查代词。整篇文章都是在说“我”的事情，而且根据前面me可知此处还是指“我的”高中生活。‎ ‎2019年高考题 ‎1.【2019·全国新课标I】短文改错（10 分） ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。‎ 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ ‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 ‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. that →where 2. but去掉 3. had →have 4. honest→ honesty 5. or→ and ‎ ‎6. using →used 7. becoming前加of 8. the →a 9. our→ his 10. stead→steadily ‎ ‎【归纳总结】在英语中though、although、while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用；连词because不和so连用；此外，return不和back连用。‎ ‎3. had →have 考查动词时态。 文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎4. honest→ honesty 考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。 而形容词honest意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。 ‎ ‎5. or→ and 考查连词。根据句意判断此处是表示并列关系，故把or改为and。‎ ‎6. using →used 考查被动语态。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来去做”。‎ ‎7. becoming前加of 考查介词。 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。 ‎ ‎78. the →a 考查冠词。 固定短语：in a short time在短时间内。‎ ‎9. our→ his 考查代词。根据句意可知此处是指叔叔的生意，用his指代。‎ ‎10. stead→steadily 考查副词。根据句意可知此处grow是实意动词，意思是 “增长”，不是系动词，故用副词修饰。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎2.【2019·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。‎ 删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；   ‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.how改为what 2.chose改为choose 3.take改为taking 4.but改为and 5.about后加the ‎6.your改为our 7.knowledges改为knowledge 8.删除can或can改为should ‎9.thought改为think 10.many改为much ‎【解析】‎ ‎3.take改为taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作为介词between的宾语。‎ ‎4.but改为and 考查连词。句意：如果我们待在家里，很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以使用and连接上下文。‎ ‎5.about后加the 考查定冠词。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界。‎ ‎6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。‎ ‎7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词knowledge是不可数名词，没有复数形式。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。‎ 一、词法改错 词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。‎ 例如：本题中的 ‎5.about后加the 考查定冠词 ‎7.knowledges改为knowledge 考查名词单复数 ‎10.many改为much 考查代词 二、句法改错 句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。‎ 例如：‎ ‎1.how改为what 考查特殊结构。‎ ‎2.chose改为choose 考查句子结构 ‎3.take改为taking 考查并列结构 ‎8.删除can或can改为should 考查虚拟语气 三、语篇改错 语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。‎ ‎4.but改为and 考查连词 ‎6.your改为our 考查代词和逻辑关系 ‎9.thought改为think 考查时态 考点：考查短文改错 ‎3.【2019·全国新课标III】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎51. year—years ‎52. worse—worst ‎53. the去掉 ‎54. yourself—myself ‎55. such—so ‎56. tell—told ‎57. freely—free ‎58. wear—wearing ‎59. to—for ‎60. I ∧need ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：题目主要考查学生对词法的掌握情况，测试学生能否在具体的语境中灵活运用。‎ ‎51. year—years考查名词复数。13-19年是复数概念，year是可数名词，故把year改为years。‎ ‎55. such—so考查so/such的用法。 my parents didn’t seem to think so我的父母似乎不这样认为，so指代上一句的内容，故把such改为so。‎ ‎56. tell—told考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把tell改为told。‎ ‎57. freely—free考查形容词副词。be后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from...摆脱......，不受......的影响，故把freely改为free。‎ ‎58.wear—wearing考查固定搭配。by是介词，意为“通过”，后跟名词／代词或动名词，故把wear改为wearing。‎ ‎59. to—for考查介词。leave sp for sp离开某地前往另一地，college是目的地，故把to改为for。‎ ‎60. I ∧need考查状语从句。whenever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论何时，随时”，从句缺少主语，根据句意可知，这里指“我”需要父母的帮助，故在whenever后加I。‎ 考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 改错中动词、连词以及上下文语境也是出题者经常会考虑的出题知识点，其解题方法如下： 1.动词错误的发现与解决 英语中有许多的短语动词，是很难从字面上判断其意义的。其中与介词构成短语的动词是最常见的。我们在分析题目的时候，发现有动宾搭配的时候，应该考虑该动词是否是一个短语动词，并进而分析构成该短语动词的介词有无遗漏。对于短语动词的熟悉是一个长期积累的过程，需要随时总结与记忆。以下是考试中常见到的短语动词： account for；  add up to；  back up；  break down；  break away from；  bleak out；  break up；  break in；  break off；  bring about；  bring up；  bring out；  bring down；  build up；  call off；  call for；  call on；  carry out；  check in；  clear up；  come off；  come around；  count on；  cut down；  cut off；  do away with；  dwell on；  fall back on；  fall out；  get over；  get out of；  get at；  give out；  give up；  give off；  hang on；  hold back；  keep back from；  keep up with；  lay off；  lay down；  live up to；  look into；  look forward to；  look over；  make up；  make out；  pass away；  put up with；  role out；  run out of；  set about；  take over；  take up；  take in；  take off；  turn up；  turn out；  work out 等。 还有一种常考的动词的用法就是语态。在所分析的文字中包含谓语动词，那么应该分析是否是这方面的问题。其中应该重点分析主语与谓语动词的关系是主动还是被动。 2．连接词错误的发现与解决 例： However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners． 本题所考查的就是比较连接词的用法。从前文的more我们就可以看出，下文的as是不恰当的，正确的答案应是比较连接词than。一般来说，比较连接词所考查的重点集中在as与than的用法上。句意中是否还有比较意义是很容易辨别的，我们一旦觉察到句子有比较的意思，就应考虑是否是as与than的用法混淆。 此外定语从句的连接词也是要特别注意的。我们看 2019年6月的第74题：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well ‎ known．在这里，句子的后半段很明显是一个非限制性的定语从句，所以应将it改为which.非限制性的定语从句的连接词在近几年的考试中反复出现，应该引起我们的重视。解决此类问题的方法是，凡是发现有复合句的分析对象，首先就要考虑从句的连接词。首先看是否有连接词，其次看连接词是否正确，尤其是which与 that的不同应用。 3．语言环境类错误的发现与解决 从历年的考题来看，语言环境类的错误是最有章可循的。这类错误一般是一行中的关键词与上下文所体现出来的意思完全相反。此类题的解决也较简单，那就是将不符合文意的词改为它的反义词即可。如第54题就是属于语境错误。句意：我认为我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。这里指作者自己做决定，根据主语I可知，应该用myself，故把yourself改为myself。‎ ‎4.【2019·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a western festival, it’s popular in China now.‎ Mom has a full-time job,so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’s Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.When he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritiest.At dinner,we said to her,“Happy Mother’s Day！”Mom was grateful and moving. ‎ ‎【答案】 1.so---but 2.houseworks---housework 3.or---and 4.get---got 5.去掉on 6.her---his ‎ ‎7.在in和kitchen之间加the 8.what---that/which(或去掉what) 9.favoritest---favorite 10.moving---moved ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎7.在in和kitchen之间加the 句意：我在厨房里做饭。此处特指在厨房里。故在in和kitchen之间加the。‎ ‎8.what---that/which(或去掉what) ‎ ‎ 此处考查引导定语从句的关系代词。句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。The dishes 做先行词，指物，定语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少宾语，可知引导词在定语从句中作宾语，故把what---that/which(或去掉what)。‎ ‎9.favoritest---favorite “favorite”本身就是“最喜欢”，故把favoritest---favorite。‎ ‎10.moving---moved 句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把moving---moved。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 表示情感的现在分词和过去分词 surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving令人感动的， moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored感到厌烦；annoying令人烦恼的，annoyed感到烦恼的。现在分词的主语通常指事物；过去分词的主语通常指人。比如第10小题moving---moved 句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把moving---moved。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎5.【2019·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day ,we’d greet het at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us, Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there！‎ My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.‎ When I was a very young children,my father created a regular practice I r ‎ child emember well years late.Every time he arrived home at ∧end of the day ,‎ ‎ later the we’d greet herat the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing ‎ ‎ him were know us,Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat,my father would lift my sister and ‎ ‎ chatted ‎ me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！‎ on exciting ‎66.【答案】children改成child ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 因为前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用单数。故children改成child。‎ 考点：考查名词单复数 ‎67.【答案】late改成later 考点：考查副词 ‎68.【答案】at后面加the ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： at the end of为固定搭配，意为“在……结束的时候”。故at后面加the。‎ 考点：考查冠词 ‎69.【答案】her改成him ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my father，作greet的宾语。故her改成him。‎ 考点：考查代词 ‎70.【答案】was改成were ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。‎ 考点：考查主谓一致 ‎71.【答案】knowing改成know ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing改成know。‎ 考点：考查动词不定式 ‎72.【答案】去掉had ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：他和我妈妈会喝些东西。这里不是虚拟语气，不能用would have done，用would do表示“过去常常做”。故去掉had。‎ 考点：考查动词形式 ‎73.【答案】chat改成chatted 考点：考查动词时态 ‎74.【答案】in改成on ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：on the top of…为固定搭配，意为“在……顶部”。故in改成on。‎ 考点：考查介词 ‎75.【答案】excited改成exciting ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。‎ 考点：考查形容词 ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。‎ 这篇短文主要是一些词法错误，词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。‎ 例如：本题中的 ‎ ‎66. children改成child（名词单复数错误）‎ ‎67. late改成later（副词错误）‎ ‎68. at后面加the（冠词错误）‎ ‎69. her改成him（代词错误） ‎ ‎71. knowing改成know（非谓语动词错误）‎ ‎72.去掉had（虚拟语气错误）‎ ‎73. chat改成chatted（动词时态错误）‎ ‎74. in改成on（介词错误）‎ ‎75. excited改成exciting（形容词错误）‎ ‎2019年高考试题 ‎1.【2019·陕西】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.‎ At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”‎ My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!‎ ‎【答案】 ‎ ‎76.去掉in ‎77.anything 改为something ‎78.better改成best ‎79.decide改成decided ‎80.step 改为steps ‎81.well改成good ‎82.after改成when/while ‎83.a改为the ‎84.just后加to ‎85.enjoy改为enjoying ‎ ‎【解析】 试题分析：文章介绍作者的教练退休了，在退休聚会上作者送给教练自己亲手烘焙的饼干。教练非常高兴。‎ ‎81.句意：我认为这些饼干很好。做表语用形容词，well改成good。‎ ‎82.句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候将它们掉在地上。after改成when/while ‎83.这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。‎ ‎84.句意：我可能明年要再退休一次，只是想得到更多这样的饼干。用不定式做目的状语。just后加to。‎ ‎85.句意：我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练在聚会上开心地享受饼干。of后面接动名词，my coach and me是逻辑主语，enjoy改为enjoying。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查短文改错 ‎【名师点睛】这篇短文改错是记叙文，短文的内容和学生的日常生活有关。错误之处的设置都是平常学生容易错的地方。考查点比较全面，各种词性都考查到了，也涉及到一些语法知识的考查，如：非谓语动词，时态等。 ‎ ‎2.【2019·四川】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（ʌ），并在其下面写出该加的词；‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ 1. 每句不超过两个错误；‎ 2. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；‎ 3. ‎3.只允许修改10出，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Hi, Janice,‎ It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of ‎ the problems I have been experiencing.‎ As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time—wasting activity! In fact ,I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me ,would you talk to him?‎ Please help with me and give me some advice.‎ Grace ‎【答案】‎ ‎61. 加上to ‎62. tell--told ‎63. friend--friends ‎64. sing--singing ‎65. many--much ‎66. so--but ‎ ‎67. How--What ‎68. are--were ‎69. him--them ‎70. 去掉with ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎62. tell—told 考查时态。根据时间状语last time可知，此句需要用一般过去时，故把tell改成told。句意为正如我上次告诉你的那样。‎ ‎63. friend—friends 考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意为：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。‎ ‎64. sing—singing 考查动名词担当宾语。本句考查句型spend…（in）doing sth结构，故把sing改成singing。‎ ‎65. many—much 考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意为：那真的花费很多。‎ ‎68. are—were 考查虚拟语气。根据句子可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不相符，故把are改成were。句意为：如果你是我,…。‎ ‎69. him—them 考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them而非him。句意为：你会和他们说吗？‎ ‎70. 去掉with 考查动词。动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。句意为：请帮帮我，给我一些建议。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查短文纠错 ‎【名师点睛】本篇文章考查学生的短文纠错能力。短文纠错能力考查的范围较广，如各类词类用法和各种语法知识。本篇文章中既考查了词类用法如：61、63、65、66、69、70题，也考查了学生的语法知识如：62、64、67、68，涉及多种语法知识。要求考生要通读全文，把握大意，还要逐读各句才能找出错误所在。‎ ‎3.【2019·浙江】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ 例如：‎ It was very nice to get your invitation to spent∧weekend with you. Luckily ‎ the I was completely free then, so I’ll to say “yes”. I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m. ‎ am in Friday evening.‎ On My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.‎ ‎ If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎ side-sides ‎ from-to ‎ sit-sitting ‎ easy-easily ‎ is-was ‎ them-it ‎ not 删除 ‎ in hurry- in a hurry ‎ felt-feel ‎ If-Although/Though ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：这是一篇介绍教室的文章。‎ ‎ side-sides 考查名词的单复数。根据前面的three，此处应该使用复数形式 ‎ from-to考查介词搭配 make of与make from两者都常用在被动语态中,表示“某物由.构成的”. make of 的原材料是看的到的,即平常我们说的物理现象,比如The chair is made of wood.椅子是有木头做成的。而make from的原材料是看不到的,比如Paper is made from the trees. 纸张是由木材做成的.是一种化学变化,从纸上是看不出一棵树滴.‎ ‎ If-Although/Though考查连词的用法 ，根据句意“尽管在我读书的时候我是一个小孩，但我不会忘记它”表达让步，而不是条件。而且翻译为如果意思上也不通。‎ ‎【考点定位】短文改错 ‎【名师点睛】这种题目对语法的要求很高，要求注意上下文的，以及单词的用法，以及特殊用法、固定搭配等。其实这一些错误很有可能是在写作中会出现，所以，加强写作的练习对于这一种题目，也是有帮助的。另外，这种题目也可以改编一下，成为语法填空的题目。‎ ‎4.【2019·新课标全国II】‎ ‎ 短文改错 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。      增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词作斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；               2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71. parent改为parents ‎72. on改为in ‎73. very去掉 ‎74. looks改为looking ‎75. where改为that 或者去掉 where ‎76. begun改为began ‎77. telling改为told ‎78. a改为the ‎79. saw后加his ‎80. terrible改为terribly ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文讲述了小男孩Tony和父母上街购物，街上人多，Tony没有告诉父母就独自进了一家商店，结果和父母走散，后来在街上又得以相见的故事。‎ ‎77. telling改为told and前后的谓语动词时态要一致，see和tell是并列谓语，故telling改为told。‎ ‎78. a改为the 由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。‎ ‎79. saw后加his 由上下文可知，他看到的是他的父母，故 saw后加his。‎ ‎80. terrible改为terribly 修饰形容词worried要用副词，故 terrible改为terribly。‎ ‎【考点定位】语法填空。‎ ‎【名师点睛】通过短短的100‎ 多个词，使考生能正确运用各类词和固定搭配，如动词、名词、副词、代词和连词，辨别并改正错误。总的说来，本题都是学生平时书面表达中常见的错误。多读多练习就能找出问题所在，也能对写作有帮助。‎ ‎5.【2019·新课标全国I】‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we’ll live to regret it .‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎76. think –thought ‎ ‎77. countryside前加the ‎78. or—and ‎79. on—with ‎ ‎80. been去掉 ‎81. seriously—serious ‎82. airs—air ‎ ‎83. much—many ‎ ‎84. found—find ‎85. your—our ‎【解析】‎ ‎78. or—and句意：那里山绿并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词and。‎ ‎79. on—with句意：随着工业化的发展。短语搭配错误。短语with the development of随着……的发展。‎ ‎80. been去掉 句意：许多研究表明。语态用法错误。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。‎ ‎【考点定位】短文改错。‎ ‎【名师点睛】改错题整体难度适中，文章简单易懂。考点分布均匀，添、删、改比例为1:1:8。重点考查时态、名词的单复数、冠词、连词、副词以及介词的搭配等。考生解此类题型时一般应遵循保持句子原意的原则，即不能改变文章或作者所表达的意思，包括其语气和上下文的逻辑关系。只对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、行文关系错误进行改正，且要小改而不大改。‎ ‎2019年高考试题 ‎【2019·四川卷】 短文改错(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)‎ 下面短文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】with ---about。‎ ‎【小题2】go---goes。‎ ‎【小题3】wait 后加for。‎ ‎【小题4】classmate ---classmates 。‎ ‎【小题5】trying ---try 。‎ ‎【小题6】calmly---calm。‎ ‎【小题7】a –the 。‎ ‎【小题8】us---you。‎ ‎【小题9】去掉when。‎ ‎【小题10】and—or。‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇发言稿。在文中主要向同学们介绍了当听到火警时要如何去做的问题。首先学生们要站在门口等老师领到外面。还要保持冷静沉着，不要惊恐失措，不要乱跑，而且要和老师、同学们在一起。如果是假警报，没有发生火灾的话，老师会把同学们领回教室，如果发现有人失踪要立即通知老师等。‎ ‎【小题3】wait 后加 for 。考查短语搭配。and wait your teacher to lead you outside 。固定短语：wait for“等待”，其中wait是不及物动词，如后面有宾语，则加介词for。‎ ‎【小题4】classmate ---classmates 。考查名词单复数。Stay close to your teacher and classmate.从内容可知此处是指许多同学们，应该用复数形式，把classmate改为classmates。‎ ‎【小题5】trying ---try 。考查谓语和非谓语。Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet。解题关键是and连接的词前后需一致。根据前面panic判断此处用动词原形try。‎ ‎【小题6】calmly---calm。考查形容词的用法。remain quiet and calmly。Remain是系动词，后面用形容词作表语，故把calmly改为calm。‎ ‎【小题7】a –the 。考查冠词用法。Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.。在文中fire是特指概念，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎【小题8】us---you。考查人称代词的用法。your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.根据前面your teacher判断此处指带领“你们”，把us改为you。‎ ‎【小题9】去掉when。考查宾语从句。If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, Notice后的宾语从句意思完整应该用that引导，when多余，所以去掉when。‎ 考点：考查短文改错。 ‎ ‎【2019·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didn’t need to do so many homework.Therefore, we have more time with ‎ after-school activities .For example , we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day .‎ ‎ My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest , or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends .‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】They→There ‎ ‎【小题2】didn’t→don’t ‎【小题3】many →much ‎【小题4】with→for ‎【小题5】hour→hours ‎【小题6】look→looks ‎【小题7】去掉the ‎【小题8】sat→sit ‎【小题9】listening 后加to ‎【小题10】helpfully →helpful ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：在本段中作者描述了自己理想学校的样子。他理想的学校是上午8点半上课，下午3点半放学，一天只需要上5节课。学校里没有很多的作业，因此可以参加很多课后的活动。此外，学校还要像一个大花园，学生可以躺草坪上休息，可以听音乐等。‎ ‎【小题1】They→There 考查固定句型。They are three lessons in the morning。根据句意可知此处表达：上午有三节课，表示“有”，应该是there be 句型，故把They改为There。‎ ‎【小题2】didn’t→don’t考查动词时态。We didn’t need to do so many homework。此处叙述每天要做的事情，应该用一般现在时，把didn’t改为don’t。‎ ‎【小题3】many →much 考查不定代词。We didn’t need to do so many homework.。many修饰复数名词，如果修饰不可数名词homework应该用much。‎ ‎【小题4】with→for考查介词用法。we have more time with after-school activities。 短语表达：.have time for sth 或者to do sth意思是“ 有做某事的时间”，把with改为for。‎ ‎【小题5】hour→hours 考查名词单复数。we can do reading for one and a half hour。此处one and a half hour意思是“一个半小时”，hour应该用复数形式。‎ ‎【小题8】sat→sit考查动词时态。or sat by the lake listening music。根据前句内容We can lie on the grass for a rest判断此处是or连接的另一个谓语动词，和lie并列，所以把sat改为sit。‎ ‎【小题9】listening 后加to。考查固定短语。or sat by the lake listening music。Listen是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语，固定短语listen to 意思是“听”，所以在listening后加to。‎ ‎【小题10】helpfully →helpful考查形容词和副词。The teachers here are kind and helpfully .涉及知识：系动词后要跟形容词做表语，所以把helpfully改为helpful。‎ 考点：考查短文改错。‎ ‎【2019·陕西卷】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ ‎ My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. ‎ ‎ One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.‎ ‎ That day I didn’t learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】加to ‎【小题2】come→came ‎【小题3】have→having ‎【小题4】immediate→immediately ‎【小题5】on→at ‎【小题6】Neither→None ‎【小题7】was→were ‎【小题8】删除were或looked ‎【小题9】and→but ‎【小题10】a→an ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【小题4】immediate→immediately 考查副词用法。此处应用副词修饰动词jumped，故 immediate→immediately。‎ ‎【小题5】on→at 考查动词短语。shoot sth at sth 把……射向……，故on→at 考点：考查短文纠错 ‎【2019·辽宁卷】文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。‎ 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除 或修改。‎ ‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ ‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。‎ ‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ ‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(试题内容如下)‎ Dear Jeremy and Alice，‎ Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors, we're hoping to settle ‎ something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog—Cleo.‎ We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5‎ o'clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.‎ We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.‎ Sincerely, ‎ Jack and Rose ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】去掉to ‎【小题2】time改成times ‎【小题3】understanding改成understand ‎【小题4】have改成has ‎【小题5】beside改成besides ‎【小题6】a改成an ‎【小题7】starts改成started ‎【小题8】closely改成close ‎【小题9】our改成your ‎【小题10】figure后面加out ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章是一对夫妇写给邻居的信，信中反映了邻居家狗经常在外面吠叫，影响他们生活的事情，希望邻居能够解决问题。‎ ‎【小题4】句意：每天早上吠叫都会打扰我，因为我一晚上都会熬夜照顾孩子。主语是动名词，谓语用单数：have改成has ‎【小题5】句意：此外，Cleo往往一天平均吠叫六次。Beside是介词“在…旁边”，改成besides副词，“此外”。‎ ‎【小题6】考查冠词：average是元音开头的单词，所以a改成an ‎【小题7】句意：今天早上她甚至在5点前就开始吠叫了。因为是今天早上的事情，所以用一般过去式：starts改成started ‎【小题8】句意：这对我们太吵了，想象一下房子是多么的近啊。这里用形容词做表语。closely改成close ‎【小题9】句意：我们感谢你们的道歉和祝愿，物主代词错误，our改成your ‎【小题10】考查词组：figure out想出。句意：我们希望你能想出一个解决问题的好办法。‎ 考点：考查短文改错 ‎【2019·全国新课标I】短文改错（10分）‎ Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted ‎ Some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. Since then for all these year we ‎ had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】before—ago ‎【小题2】by—of ‎【小题3】year—years ‎【小题4】had—has ‎【小题5】As∧ result—a ‎【小题6】somewhere—everywhere ‎【小题7】taste—tasty ‎【小题8】much—many ‎【小题9】but—yet或去掉but ‎【小题10】wonderfully—wonderful ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文叙述了五年前，在父亲的帮助下，作者和姐姐在后花园里种植了一些圣女果，这些年以来，它的种子我们没有管过，在院子里随处疯长，结果院子里到处都是圣女果，于是我们就把它们分给邻居吃。感觉心里很高兴。‎ ‎【小题3】根据句意和前面的all these 可知，用可数名词year的复数形式years。all these years 的意思是这么多年。‎ ‎【小题4】根据时间状语Since then可知，本句用现在完成进行时。所以把 had 变成have。‎ ‎【小题5】as a result 是固定搭配。所以在As和 result之间加a。‎ ‎【小题6】因为哪里落了种子就在哪里长，所以这种植物长得到处是。所以把somewhere（某地）改成everywhere（到处）。‎ 考点：短文改错。 ‎