近五年高考英语听力场景词汇大汇总 考前一定要看

近五年高考英语听力场景词汇大汇总 考前一定要看

高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。‎ ‎（1）餐馆场景：‎ restaurant餐馆; cafeteria 自助餐厅; ‎ buffet 自助餐; canteen；dining hall 食堂，餐厅; ‎ coffee shop；cafe咖啡屋 ;‎ ‎ snack bar 小吃街、大排挡 ‎ ‎【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃饭】‎ waiter/waitress 男/女服务生；‎ order 点菜 ；serve 上菜 ；‎ menu 菜单；bill 账单 ‎【pay the bill 付账】‎ ‎ tip 小费；change 零钱 ‎ ‎【Keep the change! 不用找零钱了! 】 ‎ treat 请客 ‎【This is my treat!、 It’s on me！我请客! 】‎ ‎【go Dutch ；Let’s go fifty fifty.  AA制】‎ ‎【Help yourself. 请随便吃】‎ knife刀；fork叉；chopsticks筷子；‎ spoon勺子；plate碟子；tray 托盘；‎ appetizer 开胃菜；dessert甜品，水果；‎ soup 汤 ；steak 牛排；cheese奶酪 ；‎ sandwich 三明治；hamburger 汉堡包；‎ ‎ French fries 炸薯条；pizza 披萨；‎ bacon 培根 ； chicken鸡肉；‎ beef牛肉；pork猪肉 drink 喝，饮料；wine 红酒；‎ coke 可口可乐；‎ coffee咖啡；dressing 调味酱；‎ pepper胡椒；ketchup 番茄酱；‎ delicious、yummy 可口的；rare半熟的 ‎（2）邮局场景：‎ stamp邮票；envelope 信封；‎ package / parcel 包裹；‎ parcel form包裹单；zip code邮编；‎ weight重量；overweight 超重；‎ postage邮费；extra postage 额外邮资；insurance保险；‎ send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信；‎ delivery投递，传送；claim领取；‎ express mail 快件；EMS特快专递；‎ airmail 航空信件； surface mail 平邮；‎ ordinary letter平信；‎ registered letter挂号信。‎ ‎（3）图书馆场景：‎ library card借书证；‎ borrow借入；lend借出；‎ ‎ keep持有，保管，存放；renew续借；return归还；‎ overdue 借书逾期；pay a fine 交罚款；‎ ‎ librarian 图书管理员；bookshelf书架； ‎ novel小说；science fiction科幻小说；‎ magazine杂志； periodical期刊；reference book参考书；‎ ‎（4）校园场景：‎ tuition学费； scholarship奖学金；‎ term/semester 学期；seminar研讨班；‎ presentation 课堂发言；‎ assignment/homework作业；register 注册；‎ be absent 缺席；final exam 期末考试；‎ review/ go over复习; fail/pass不及格/通过; ‎ cut a class逃课; graduate毕业; stationery文具；‎ essay论文；paper试卷；‎ attend a lecture 听讲座 textbook 课本；‎ classroom 教师；laboratory实验室；‎ mark/grade 成绩；course 课程；‎ subject 学科；playground 操场 ‎（5）医院及健康场景：‎ doctor医生；dentist牙医；physician内科医生；‎ surgeon外科医生；nurse护士；‎ hospital医院；clinic 诊所；‎ Health Center医疗中心；‎ emergency room/ department 急诊室；‎ emergent treatment急救处理；‎ first aid 急救；treatment治疗手段；‎ check up 检查；physical examination体检；‎ take one’s temperature / blood pressure ‎ 测量体温/血压；‎ show one’s tongue伸出舌头；‎ write a prescription开处方；‎ give an injection打针；‎ visiting hours 探视时间 medicine药；pills / tablets药丸/药片；‎ ‎ aspirin 阿司匹林； suffer from受…苦；‎ pain疼痛；headache头痛；stomachache肚子痛；‎ backache背痛；sore-throat喉咙痛；‎ cough咳嗽；fever发烧；cold / flu 感冒/流感 ‎ ‎【have/catch a cold患感冒】; ‎ heart attack 心脏病；dizzy眩晕的；‎ ‎——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?‎ ‎——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。‎ I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。‎ ‎(注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。)‎ ‎（6）电话场景：‎ operator 接线员 ‎ ‎【Extension six two two six, please.请转6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。】‎ ‎ long distance call 长途电话；‎ collect call 对方付费电话；put through 接通电话；‎ leave a message留口信； ‎ dial the wrong number拨错号码;  ‎ call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.；‎ give sb. a call/ ring给某人打电话；‎ ‎——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好，我是…。‎ ‎——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是谁？‎ Hold on /Hold the line, please. 请稍等,别挂断。‎ I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一会儿再打。‎ I couldn’t get through.打不通；‎ Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.对不起，您拨错号啦。‎ ‎（7）酒店场景：‎ make a reservation 预定房间；‎ reception desk 接待处；‎ reception服务台；receptionist 服务员；‎ accommodation住宿; registration登记；‎ check in 入住；check out 结帐；‎ Identity/ID card 身份证；fill out a form填表;‎ single room 单间；double room双人间；‎ suite套间；room number房间号；‎ room key房间钥匙；room service客房服务；‎ wake-up call叫醒电话 Do you have a reservation Sir?先生，您预订了吗？ ‎ Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房间吗?‎ All the room are occupied. 房间已满。‎ Can I have a suite please?有套间吗？‎ How much do you charge for that? 如何收费？‎ Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟？‎ Meals included. 包括饮食。‎ Can I show you your room? 我可以带你去你的房间？‎ Can I carry your luggage?我可以帮你提行李吗？‎ ‎（8）交通场景：‎ plane飞机；ship轮船；bus 公交车；‎ coach长途客车；train火车；‎ subway/underground 地铁；‎ railway 铁路；highway 公路；‎ sidewalk/pavement人行道; ‎ one-way street 单行道； ‎ rush hour交通高峰期; crowded拥挤的; ‎ heavy traffic拥挤的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞; ‎ traffic rules交通规则; traffic lights交通灯; ‎ driving license驾照;  driver司机; ‎ garage修车厂、车库；‎ car accident/crash车祸；speed超速；r un the red light闯红灯; flat tire爆胎; ‎ scratches刮蹭；fix/repair修理；survive幸存 by plane/air乘飞机; by sea/land水路、陆路; ‎ by subway/underground 乘地铁；‎ transfer换乘、转机 May I see your license, please?‎ 我可以看看你的驾照，好吗？‎ You will be fined by $20.‎ 你将处以20元的罚款。‎ ‎（9）机场场景：‎ airline航空公司；airway 航线；flight 航班；‎ book/serve预定; behind schedule 晚点；‎ cancel取消；customs海关； security check安检；‎ passport护照；visa签证；‎ departure lounge 候机室；‎ departure gate登机口；check in 办理登机手续；‎ on board登机；boarding pass/card 登机牌； ‎ luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;‎ ‎ take off 起飞；land降落; safe landing安全着陆 bound for…飞往…方向去的；‎ departure to 前往；destination目的地； ‎ departure time起飞时间;  ‎ see sb. off为某人送行;  pick up接机 ‎【在飞机上】‎ a window seat靠窗的座位; ‎ an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain机长；‎ pilot飞行员；airhostess/stewardess空姐; ‎ fasten the safety/safe belt系紧安全带; ‎ airsick晕机; jet lag飞机时差反应;‎ ‎（10）在火车站（At the railway station）：‎ booking/ticket office售票处；‎ conductor售票员; train 火车；‎ express train特快列车; carriage车厢；‎ dining car餐车；waiting room 候车室；‎ platform 站台，月台；‎ one way trip/ticket 单程/单程票；‎ round trip/ticket往返/往返票；‎ a hard seat 硬座；a soft seat软座 ‎（11）购物场景：‎ store 商店；grocery食品店；‎ department store 百货商场；‎ shopping center/mall 购物中心；‎ shop assistant店员；counter 柜台；‎ receipt 收据；deliver 送货； refund 退款；‎ bargain便宜货；out of stock 脱销/缺货；‎ in stock 有货；selling season 销售旺季；‎ on sale打折; 50% off 打五折；‎ a 30% discount打七折；‎ catalogue 产品目录；‎ Commodity information商品信息；‎ brand 品牌； size尺码；color颜色；‎ style样式；price价格；‎ ‎【What color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么样的颜色/多大尺寸/哪种？】‎ second-hand 二手的；popular / fashionable 流行的；‎ in fashion 流行，时尚；‎ out of fashion 过时的；‎ 商品论贵贱expensive, cheap；‎ 价格论高低high, low；‎ pay in cash 用现金支付；‎ pay in check 用支票支付；‎ credit card 信用卡；‎ pay by installment 分期付款；‎ ‎【在服装店（In a clothing store/shop）】‎ trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服；skirt裙子；‎ shirt衬衫；jacket夹克；coat上衣；‎ a bigger size 稍大一点尺寸；‎ what size 多大尺寸；‎ this style这种式样；‎ fit you合你身；try on试穿；match 相配 ‎（12）天气场景：‎ fine 晴朗的；sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的；‎ overcast 多云；cloudy 阴；humid 湿润的；‎ wet 潮湿的； rainy有雨的； clear up 天空放晴；‎ freezing-cold 冰冷的；hot炎热的；cool凉爽的；‎ warm暖和的；mild温和的；windy有风的；‎ calm无风的；breeze微风； moderate 风力不大；‎ strong/ high winds 大风；tornado 龙卷风；‎ typhoon 台风；fog雾；snow雪；‎ ‎ drizzle毛毛细雨；light rain小雨；‎ shower 阵雨；storm 暴风雨；‎ downpour倾盆大雨；‎ ‎【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨】 ‎ thunder 打雷； blizzard大风雪；‎ snowstorm暴风雪； ‎ ‎【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气；weather in California 意指好天气】‎ 经常和天气相联系的情况：‎ vacation（假期） 和 flight(航班) ‎ ‎(be delayed延误/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。‎ put away clothes 下雨收衣服；‎ ‎（13）银行场景：‎ business hour 营业时间；deposit存款；‎ withdraw 取款；open an account 开户；‎ savings account 储蓄账户；‎ check account 支票账户；‎ interest rate 利率；cash a check兑现支票 ‎（14）常见的身份与职业：‎ part-time job 兼职工作；  full-time job 全职工作 psychologist心理学家；principal校长；‎ professor 教授；postman 邮递员；‎ driver司机；policeman 警察；‎ firefighter 消防员；assistant 助手/助教；‎ receptionist接待员；typist 打字员；‎ cashier收纳；waiter 服务员； ‎ passenger 乘客；ticket seller 售票员；‎ conductor 售票员，列车长；‎ ‎ salesman销售员；nurse 护士；‎ housewife 家庭主妇；lawyer律师；‎ ‎ engineer 工程师；architect建筑师；‎ chef厨师；guide 导游；‎ reporter/journalist 记者；editor 编辑；‎ author作家；pianist钢琴家；‎ musician音乐家；singer歌手；‎ photographer 摄影师；artist艺术家；‎ designer设计师；scientist科学家；‎ barber理发师；butcher屠夫；tailor裁缝 ‎（15）人物关系relationship：‎ strangers陌生人；neighbors邻居；‎ classmates同学；colleagues/co-workers同事;‎ ‎ friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻；‎ guest and receptionist客人与接待员；‎ doctor and patient医生与病人；‎ teacher and student师生；‎ boss and secretary老板和秘书；‎ policeman and driver警察与司机；‎ interviewer and interviewee面试官与面试者；‎ employer and employee 雇主与员工；‎ shop assistant/waiter and customer营业员与顾客；‎ parent and child 父母与子女 ‎（14）工作：‎ job opportunity 工作机会；interview面试；‎ resume简历；educational background教育背景；‎ application letter 求职信；recommendation 推荐信；‎ certificate 助手；qualification资历；‎ experience 经验；position 职位；salary 薪水；‎ allowance津贴；promotion晋升；vacation休假；‎ break 短暂休息；retire 退休；work overtime加班；‎ shift work 倒班工作；ask for leave 请假；‎ sick leave 病假；have a week off 休一周假；‎ clerk职员；secretary秘书；manager经理；‎ HR manager人事经理；general manager总经理；‎ client客户 ‎（15）兴趣爱好：‎ hobby 兴趣； entertainment 娱乐；‎ go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看电影；‎ comedy喜剧；tragedy悲剧；‎ action movie 动作片；cartoon 动画片；‎ documentary 纪录片；thriller 惊悚片；‎ horror film恐怖片；detective movie侦探片；‎ western film西部片；soap opera 肥皂剧 hiking 徒步旅行；camping野营；‎ diving潜水；surfing冲浪；skiing滑雪；‎ seashore 海岸；beach海滩；‎ sun-burnt 晒黑的；palace宫殿；castle城堡 ‎（16）运动：‎ competition 竞赛；sports field运动场；‎ club俱乐部；sportsman/athlete/player运动员；‎ coach教练；champion冠军；‎ gold/silver/bronze medal金/银/铜牌；‎ basketball篮球；football美式足球；‎ soccer英式足球；volleyball排球；‎ baseball棒球；tennis网球；‎ table tennis乒乓球；golf高尔夫；‎ jogging慢跑；swimming游泳；‎ wrestling摔跤；shooting射击；‎ boxing拳击；weightlifting举重；‎ relay race接力赛；‎ break the world record 打破世界纪录 ‎（17）观光旅游：‎ vacation/holiday 假日；‎ historical spots/relics 古迹；scenery 风景；‎ museum博物馆；mountain山脉；river河流；‎ lake 湖泊；waterfall瀑布；beach 沙滩；‎ island 岛屿；lawn 草地；temple寺庙；‎ zoo动物园；travel/trip/tour/voyage ‎ 旅行；travel agency 旅行社；‎ a guided tour 有导游的旅行；‎ go sightseeing观光； hotel 宾馆；‎ souvenir 纪念品；ticket 票 景点评论：‎ fascinating/breathtaking 激动人心的；‎ thrilling 刺激的；refreshing清爽的；‎ unforgettable难忘的；‎ terrific/ fantastic极好的；‎ ‎（18）租房：‎ landlord 房东；landlady女房东；‎ rent租/租金；deposit押金；contract合同；‎ furnished 有家具电器的；furniture 家具；‎ heat暖气；gas煤气；electricity 电；‎ lift 电梯；stairs 楼梯；balcony阳台；‎ living room起居室；guest room客厅；‎ dinning room 餐厅；kitchen 厨房；‎ bathroom 浴室；toilet 卫生间；‎ basement 地下室 ‎（19）日常生活：‎ housework 家务；channel频道；‎ cook烹饪；dining table饭桌；fridge冰箱；‎ television电视；oven烤箱；cabinet 橱柜；‎ dishwasher洗碗机；sheet床单；‎ blanket毯子；carpet地毯；curtain窗帘；‎ towel毛巾；shampoo洗发水；‎ soap肥皂；haircut理发；shaver剃须刀