2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Pygmalion（含解析）新人教版选修8

2020版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Pygmalion（含解析）新人教版选修8

Unit 4 Pygmalion 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench.‎ But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil， is only about ‎9 cm long， which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.‎ While this inaccuracy may seem harmless， it could cause problems for future conservation efforts， as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scarylooking animals.‎ The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2000 to 2010， scientists described about 1，200 new species in the Census of Marine Life. While this figure may seem astonishing， a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen（标本） jars， waiting to be described.‎ Specimens must be methodically collected， identified， and then the identity of new deepwater species must be confirmed.‎ If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters， then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.‎ On the other hand， their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites. For other species， this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets. Deepsea species may potentially become illegally obtained specimens or food. Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science.‎ Every habitat on earth is interconnected， and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems. In reality， about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms（微生物） in the oceans. This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要从电影里对深海物种的不准确认识，谈到了保护深海物种的重要性。‎ ‎1.What can we know about the black seadevil in reality？‎ A.People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it.‎ B.Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo.‎ 8‎ C.Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation.‎ D.People didn’t know much about it when filming Finding Nemo.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin”并结合第二段的整体内容可知，拍摄这部电影时，人们对这种物种了解很少，故选D。‎ ‎2.What does the author think of the progress of describing new species？‎ A.Acceptable.　　　　　　 B．Surprising.‎ C.Unsatisfying. D．Hopeless.‎ C　解析：观点态度题。根据第四段的最后一句可推知，作者认为科学家对海洋新物种的研究不能令人满意，故选C。‎ ‎3.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to？‎ A.Their popularity on social media sites.‎ B.Their rarity among sea creatures.‎ C.Their conservation being harmed.‎ D.Their importance being ignored.‎ A　解析：代词指代题。根据第七段的第一句可推知，此处的this指代上文稀有物种在社交媒体网站上受青睐的状况，故选A。‎ ‎4.What can we infer about those unusual sea animals？‎ A.They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet.‎ B.Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection.‎ C.Most of them are becoming illegally obtained specimens.‎ D.Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可推知，科学地认知稀有物种对于对这些物种的保护很紧迫，故选B。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．We had no ________ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.‎ 答案：hesitation　have no hesitation in doing ... “毫不犹豫地做……”。‎ ‎2．________ (classify) so many books in libraries usually takes them lots of time.‎ 答案：Classifying　句子中缺少主语，且指一般性情况，故应填动名词classifying，在句中作主语。‎ ‎3．Generally ________ (speak), youths of eighteen are too young for such work.‎ 8‎ 答案：speaking　generally speaking “一般来说”。‎ ‎4．What you said has led to the ________(mistake) belief that ‎ smoking is not harmful.‎ 答案：mistaken　修饰名词belief应用形容词，故填mistaken “错误的”。‎ ‎5．The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off ________being written by the students.‎ 答案：as　pass ... off as ... “把……看作或冒充成……”。‎ ‎6．________if we invited them to come here for a party instead?‎ 答案：What　固定句式what if “倘使/如果……将会怎样？”。‎ ‎7．Parents should teach their children to behave ________(proper) in public.‎ 答案：properly　此处应用副词来修饰动词behave, 故填 properly。‎ ‎8．They made rude ________(remark) about her appearance.‎ 答案：remarks　make remarks/a remark about ... “对……发表评论”。‎ ‎9．The information you gathered is ________ great help to me.‎ 答案：of　“of＋抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词，of great ‎ help＝very helpful “非常有帮助”。‎ ‎10．________(take) according to the instructions, the medicine has no side effect.‎ 答案：Taken　所给动词与其逻辑主语medicine之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。‎ 三、完形填空。‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ On the night of October 16th，coming up at ten o'clock, my mother prepared what would be my father's last meal.That week he worked __1__ shifts.He started at midnight.‎ Just after 2 am，the group went for coffee.There was a __2__ that always had to be operated and he said，“It's okay.You guys all __3__ and I'll work it.”‎ The machine would __4__ quickly，occasionally，for one moment Dad made a __5__—he didn't pay attention, and his head was stuck in the machine.In panic，the workers __6__ back and cut the base of the machine and transported it with him in the ambulance.‎ Mother was __7__ that there was an accident and to meet at the __8__.My oldest brother Ken，then sixteen, __9__mother there，and my other brother Bob，then 8‎ ‎ fourteen，stayed with me at home.Father died on the road.‎ When we were overcome with the __10__，a spokesperson for the hospital __11__ my mother if they could take one of my father's eyes—they had a person __12__ it.My mother replied，“Yes！”‎ Years later，in the late summer，I was at the Woodlawn Cemetery where my father's body rests.As I finished __13__ and stood，a man from behind me said，“How are you now，Frank？”‎ Knowing only the __14__，and his friends and coworkers called him “Frank”，I __15__ thought that this man must have __16__ him.As I turned to face him，I replied，“He's my father.”‎ This man，Frank Bazylak，as I would learn later，replied, “I __17__ with your father for a short time，just over a year，but he made an impact on my life.He was so powerful，so __18__ and so giving.You know，he wasn't meant to be there that day.But that was Frank.”‎ Almost four decades later and from a __19__，there in the cemetery.I'd heard __20__ stories about my father.‎ ‎1．A.morning B．noon C．night D．afternoon ‎2．A.duty B．job C．truck D．machine ‎3．A.stay B．go C．hide D．watch ‎4．A.move B．break C．change D．fly ‎5．A.decision B．difference C．life D．mistake ‎6．A.walked B．rushed C．looked D．turned ‎7．A.warned B．minded C．informed D．threatened ‎8．A.factory B．office C．hospital D．workplace ‎9．A.comforted B．urged C．calmed D．drove 8‎ ‎10．A.sorrow B．incident C．trouble D．treatment ‎11．A.suggested B．asked C．puzzled D．embarrassed ‎12．A.caring about B．suffering from C．turning to D．waiting for ‎13．A.blessing B．missing C．praying D．chatting ‎14．A.family B．doctors C．company D．policemen ‎15．A.slowly B．quickly C．nervously D．carefully ‎16．A.respected B．loved C．recognized D．known ‎17．A.discussed B．quarreled C．worked D．agreed ‎18．A.clever B．considerate C．modest D．strict ‎19．A.stranger B．friend C．colleague D．brother ‎20．A.wonderful B．cheerful C．sad D．false ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的爸爸在工厂发生事故后去世，妈妈在医院同意捐献他的一只眼睛。最后通过与一位陌生人的对话说明了父亲的美德。‎ ‎【核心词汇】shift n．轮班　operate v．操作，动手术　occasionally adv.偶尔，间或　stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的　panic n．恐慌　transport v．运输　overcome vt.克服，控制　coworker n．同事　impact n．作用，影响　decade n．十年 ‎1．C　根据第一段第一句中的“On the night”和空后的“He started at midnight”可知，爸爸应该是上夜班。所以选C。‎ ‎2．D　根据空后的“had to be operated”和“I'll work it”可知，此处应是一台机器需要一直有人操作。另外第三段第一句中的“The machine would __4__ quickly”也是提示。‎ ‎3．B　根据第二段第一句中的“the group went for coffee”以及最后一句中的“I'll work it”可推断，此处指离开(去喝咖啡)，故选B项。‎ 8‎ ‎4．A　根据语境可知，此处是指这台机器运转(move)很快。‎ ‎5．D　根据空后内容可知，此处指爸爸犯了一个错误。‎ ‎6．B　根据上文可知，其他人都去喝咖啡了，所以爸爸的头卡在机器里时，他们应该是快速赶(rushed)回。‎ ‎7．C　根据常识可知，爸爸发生事故，这时应是通知妈妈到医院去，所以选C。warn“警告，提醒”；mind“介意”；inform“告知，通知”；threaten“威胁，恐吓”。‎ ‎8．C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎9．D　根据语境并结合选项可知，妈妈要到医院去，所以哥哥开车送妈妈去那里。comfort“安慰”；urge“催促”；calm“使平静”；drive“驾车送(人)”。‎ ‎10．A　根据上文可知，父亲的去世使我们处于悲痛之中。be overcome with...“受到……的极大影响”。‎ ‎11．B　根据空后内容可知，此处应是询问(asked)妈妈的意见。puzzle“使困惑”；embarrass“使窘迫”。‎ ‎12．D　根据语境可以推断，此处是指一个病人(一直)在等待(waiting for)(有人捐献)眼睛来治疗(自己的眼睛)。care about“关心”；suffer from“遭受”；turn to“转向，求助于”。‎ ‎13．C　根据空前的“at the Woodlawn Cemetery”并结合生活常识可知，“我”在墓地完成祷告(praying)。bless“祝福，保佑”。‎ ‎14．A　根据空后内容并结合语境可知，“我”知道只有家人、爸爸的朋友和同事叫他Frank。所以选项A符合语境。company“同伴”。‎ ‎15．B　根据上文内容可知，“我”应是迅速地(quickly)认为这个人一定是认识(known)爸爸的。nervously“神经紧张地”。‎ ‎16．D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．C　根据空后的“for a short time，just over a year, but he made an impact on my life”和下文中的“he wasn't meant to be there that day”可推知，这个人应该是爸爸的同事，所以空处应指与爸爸一起工作过。quarrel“吵架”。‎ ‎18．B　根据空前的“powerful”和空后的“giving”同时结合上文已经介绍的爸爸让所有的同事去喝咖啡，自己一个人留下操作机器以及倒数第二段最后一句可知，爸爸也是一个体贴的(considerate)人。modest“谦虚的”。‎ ‎19．A　根据文章倒数第二至三段可知，“我”在墓地遇到的人于“我”而言是一位陌生人。colleague“同事”。‎ ‎20．A　本段是结尾段，也是全文的总结性段落，根据倒数第二段内容可知，文章主要介绍了爸爸的优秀品质。故此处应指“我”听到了令人惊叹的故事。wonderful“令人惊叹的”符合语境。‎ 四、单句改错。‎ 8‎ ‎1．The mistakes in your homework shouldn't be overlooking, or you'll keep them forever.‎ ‎____________________________________________________‎ 答案：overlooking→overlooked　overlook与mistakes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用被动语态。‎ ‎2．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：term→terms　in terms of “就……来说；从……角度”。‎ ‎3．Fortunate, the fire was discovered soon after it had started.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：Fortunate→Fortunately　副词作状语修饰整个句子，故应将fortunate改为fortunately。‎ ‎4．The September 11 attack has condemned by the entire ‎ international community.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：has后加been　现在完成时的被动语态的构成：have been＋过去分词。9.11恐怖袭击应是“被谴责”，故应在has后加been。‎ ‎5．When the interview was finished, I was shown in.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________‎ 答案：in→out　show sb. in “带某人进来”；show sb. out“带某人出去”。由句意可知后一短语符合语境。‎ 五、短文改错 Susan’s family was terrible poor. One Christmas Eve, Susan’s father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, where was so precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan takes the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！” But if he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty boxes? Don’t you know the gold wrapping paper is such expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, said, “Dad, it isn’t empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing of this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms but said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！”‎ 答案：‎ Susan’s family was poor. One Christmas Eve, Susan’s father saw that Susan had used piece of gold wrapping paper to decorate a shoebox, was so ‎ 8‎ precious to their family, and she put it under the Christmas tree. The next morning, Susan the box to her dad and said, “This is for you, Dad！”But he opened it, he found it was empty. “Why do you give me an empty？ Don’t you know the gold wrapping paper is expensive to us？” Her dad said angrily. Susan cried, /， “Dad, it isn’t empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full.” Hearing this, the dad felt regretful, he held Susan in his arms said, “Sorry, my dear, I love you！”‎ 8‎