中考考点之被动语态

中考考点之被动语态

‎ 中考考点动词（被动语态）‎ 一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例） ‎ 结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 ‎ 时态：‎ ‎1.一般现在时： am (is, are) done. ‎ ‎2. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done ‎ ‎3. 一般过去时： was (were) done ‎ ‎* 4. 带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done ‎ ‎* 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done ‎* 6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done 注意：人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的；数量随新的主语变，时态和原句保持一样。‎ 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法：‎ ‎(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构“be+过去分词”。 ‎ ‎(3)be动词要和新的主语(即原来的宾语)在人称和数量上保持一致，时态和原句一样不变。‎ ‎(4)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。‎ 从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。 ‎ ‎1．主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P) 此结构不可用被动语态。‎ ‎ (正) The flowers smell sweet. (误) The flowers are smelt sweet. ‎ ‎2．主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V) 此结构不可变被动语态。 ‎ ‎(正) An accident happened last night. (误) An accident was happened last night. ‎ ‎3．主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O) ‎ ‎（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 ‎ Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children. ‎ ‎（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。‎ ‎ We should listen to the teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully. 4．主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO) ‎ ‎（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。‎ ‎ He showed us a picture . We were shown a picture. ‎ ‎（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for. ‎ 常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents. ‎ ‎ 5． 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C) 当主动语态中的谓语动词后接省略to的不定式时，变被动语态时要还原to.这类动词有：一感feel二听listen to; hear 三让let; make; have四看watch; see; look; notice半帮助help(to)do I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree. ‎ ‎6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。 ‎ 五、特殊情况 ‎ ‎(一)主动语态表被动的情况：‎ ‎1.open.lock.write.read.sell.clean.wash.cut.burn.drive等动词做不及物动词时，它们的助于为物，可用主动语态表示被动含义。‎ 例如：The kind of coat sells well.‎ ‎2.感官动词可以表示被动含义。 例如：The news sounds good.‎ ‎3.want/require/need+doing相当于want/require/need to be done。‎ 例如：My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.‎ ‎4. 除助动词be外，动词get有时也可跟过去分词构成被动语态，是比较口语化的一种被动语态。这种结构中很少用by短语。‎ 例如：I got lost in the huge market. 在那个巨大的市场中我迷失了方向。‎ You might get killed/hurt. 你会送命/受伤的。‎ ‎5. have/get +宾语+过去分词 这个句型也表达了一种被动的意思。‎ 例如：I’ll have the bike repaired in no time. 我一会就把自行车修好。‎ I had my wallet stolen last Sunday when I was shopping. 上星期天买东西的时候我的钱夹被盗。‎ He got his leg broken when playing football.  踢足球的时候他把腿弄断了。‎ 中考链接 ‎【2013江苏连云港】9. — Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs ________．‎ ‎— Sorry, mum. I'll do it at once.‎ ‎ A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. to be cleaned【答案】D ‎【2013江苏泰州】(　　)11. — “Frog”， Mo Yan's latest novel, please!‎ ‎— Sorry, it ________ just now. But it will come out again soon.‎ A. sold out B. is sold out C. has sold out D. was sold out【答案】 D ‎【2013四川雅安】10. 一Who designed this game?‎ ‎ 一It by Tom in 1999.‎ A. is designed B. designs C. was designed D. designed【答案】C ‎【2013山东临沂】33. —Do you know Earth Day?‎ ‎—Sure. It in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.‎ A. sets up B. set up C. is set up D. was set up【答案】D ‎ ‎【2013重庆】33．A lot of trees _____around here every year，and we can enjoy fresher air now．‎ A．were planted B．are planted C．will plant D．are planting【答案】B ‎ ‎【2013四川内江】40. Many buildings in Lushan ____ in the earthquake on April 20th. It will surely be reconstructed(重建) more beautifully.‎ A. have destroyed B. are destroyed C. were destroyed D. are destroying【答案】C ‎【2013山东青岛】18. The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it ______.‎ A. is played B. plays C. will be played D. will play【答案】 A ‎【2013福建福州】43. —Excuse me, sir, smoking _________ in the gas station.‎ ‎— Oh, I'm really sorry.‎ A. doesn't allow B. isn't allowed C. aren't allowed【答案】B ‎【2013山东滨州】29. —It’s difficult to get to the other side of the river.‎ ‎—I think a bridge over the river.‎ A. should be built B. should build C. will build D. has built【答案】A ‎【2013浙江宁波】35. —Have you finished your project? ‎ ‎—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.‎ A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given【答案】B ‎【2013浙江丽水】28. Each year quite a lot of food ______ around the world. It’s really time for ‎ us to do something.‎ A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted C. will be wasted 28.【答案】B ‎【2013安徽】46. Thanks to the internet, different kinds of information ________in a short time.‎ A. can be learned B. has been learned C. can learn D. has learned ‎ ‎46.【答案】A ‎【2013山东泰安】26. It is reported that Daimiao Culture Square _______ in Taian next year. ‎ ‎ A. will be built B. were built C. have built D. will build ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【2013浙江台州】23. —You bought a new car! An American car?‎ ‎—No. A Chinese car. It ______ in Taizhou.‎ A. makes B. made C. was made D. will be made ‎【答案】C ‎【2013四川南充】31. Chinese ________ by the largest number of people. ‎ ‎ A. speaks B. speak C. is spoken ‎31.【答案】C ‎【2013湖北黄石】28. This pair of shoes ________ hand, and it _______ very comfortable .‎ A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels ‎【答案】D ‎【2013山东聊城】31.It was reported that nine Chinese people ______ in a balloon crash (坠毁）in Egypt on February 26,2013.‎ ‎ A. are killed . B. were killed. C. will kill. D. have killed..‎ ‎【答案】B.‎ ‎【2013江西】 35. The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book _____into French as soon as it came out.‎ ‎ A. was translated B. translated C. is translated D. translates ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【2013 湖北黄冈】44.—How often do I need to feed the dog?‎ ‎— It ___ food every day, or it will be hungry.‎ A. must give B. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【2013贵州安顺】13. Should a teenager to get a driving license?” “First go to a training centre.”‎ ‎ A. be allow B. allow C. be allowed D. allowed ‎ ‎13.【答案】C ‎【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】7. If you see the cartoon film, you will _______ laugh. ‎ A. be made B. be made to C. make to D. make ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【2013江苏盐城】12. Many children in Britain to have their own bank cards these days.‎ A. allow B. allowed C. are allowed D. were allowed ‎【答案】C ‎【2013江苏苏州】3. —Have you heard about that car accident near the school?‎ ‎—Yes, luckily no one ______.‎ A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. were hurt ‎【答案】B ‎【2013湖南株洲】29. Do you know when the first train in China?‎ ‎ A. was produced B. is produced C. produced ‎29. 【答案】A ‎【2013广东】42. It ______ last week that the haze (雾霾）in Beijing caused many problems.‎ A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reported ‎42.【答案】 D ‎ ‎ 【2013天津】36.—What languages ______ in that country'?‎ ‎ —German and English A. are speaking B. are spoken C. speak D. is spoken ‎【答案】B ‎（2013陕西）28. The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.‎ A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【2013哈尔滨】26. On June 11th, 2013,Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _____ into space from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful launch.‎ A. sent up B. are sent up C. was sent up ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【2013江苏常州】6. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well.‎ A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold ‎【答案】A ‎【2013湖南益阳】30. The sports meeting_________next month.‎ A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【2013湖北宜昌】34. —At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. ‎ ‎ —More chances _______ to students to learn from each other. ‎ ‎ A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【2013湖北十堰】36. —I want to borrow the book, but I don’t know how long it may ________.‎ ‎ —For two weeks.‎ ‎ A. keep B. be borrowed C. borrow D. be kept ‎36【答案】D ‎【2013湖北咸宁】30. From May 6, pedestrians(行人) 　 10 yuan if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities.　 ‎ ‎　　 A. will fine　 B. were fined   C. are fine   D. will be fined ‎30. 【答案】D ‎ ‎【2013黑龙江绥化】9. Boys and girls, the books in the library should ________ good care of.‎ A. be taken B. take C. are taking ‎【答案】A ‎【2013河北】38. Annie to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.‎ ‎ A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited【答案】C ‎【2013广西玉林】34. Many houses ______ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya’an.‎ A. is destroyed B. are destroyed C was destroyed D. were destroyed【答案】D ‎【2013 甘肃白银】32. A year has four seasons and it ________ twelve different star signs.‎ ‎ A. divided into B. is dividing into C. divided into D is divided into ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【2013山东淄博】B33. —A talk on American culture ________ in the school hall yesterday afternoon. —It's a pity. I missed it.‎ A. gave B. was given C. has given D. is given ‎【2013贵州铜仁】A27. —Our classroom is so clean. ‎ ‎ —It ___________ every day.‎ ‎ A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned ‎【2013湖南湘西】34.—When was the car invented? —It _____ in 1885.‎ ‎ A. invented B. is invented C. was invented【答案】C ‎【2013海南三亚】26. Many comic books ______ into cartoons in the past 40 years.‎ A. make C. are made ‎ C. have make D. have been made ‎26.D。‎ ‎【2013黑龙江牡丹江】22. Food safety is very important. More rules should _______ in China.‎ ‎ A. make B. be making C. be made【答案】C ‎【2013内蒙古包头】D29.—Nobody likes , so we should be kind to everyone.‎ ‎--I agree with you.‎ A. to laugh B. laughing at C. to be laughed D. to be laughed at 重庆十年中考（被动语态）‎ ‎（2013）( B )26. Oh, it ________so nice. What beautiful music it is !‎ ‎ A. smells B. sounds C. tastes D. looks ‎( C )27. — I called you yesterday evening, but you were not in .‎ ‎— Sorry, I ________ in the shop with my mother.‎ ‎ A. am B. will be C. was D. have been ‎ ‎( B )33. A lot of trees________ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.‎ ‎ A. were planted B. are planted C. will planted D. are planting ‎ ‎(2012) B23. My friend, Henry was born June 10th, 1997.‎ ‎ A. in B. on C. at D. for C33. Chinese by more and more people from all over the world today.‎ ‎ A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned ‎(2011) ( C )32. I’m glad to find that many trees ________ in our city last year.‎ ‎ A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted ‎(2010) C31. ---The radio ______ that there will be another heavy rain in Guangdong.‎ ‎ ---Too bad. It has rained for the whole week.‎ ‎ A. tells B. talks C. says D. speaks ‎(2009) A35. Waste paper shouldn’t ______ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.‎ ‎ A. be thrown B. throw C. is thrown D. are thrown ‎(2008)B 32. — Who’s that boy reading in the garden? Is it David?‎ ‎— It _____ be David. I saw him in the classroom just now.‎ A. must B. can’t C. may D. shouldn’t C37. — What bad weather!‎ ‎— Yes. The radio says it will be even _______ later on.‎ A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst ‎(2007)D 30．Many trees and flowers ________ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden．‎ ‎ A．plant B．planted C．have planted D．were planted C33．We all love Miss Yang．She always makes her history class very _______ .‎ ‎ A．interest B．interests C．interesting D. interested A35．--- Dinner is ready. Help yourself!‎ ‎--- Wow! It ______ delicious．Could you please tell me how to cook it?‎ A．tastes B．looks C．sounds D. feels ‎(2006)C 39. (课改实验区考生做)‎ ‎ You are so busy. What do you want me ______ for you?‎ A. do B. done C. to do D. doing D40．(课改实验区考生做)‎ ‎ -- The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.‎ ‎-- Thanks. It ______ by my mother 1ast month.‎ A. made B. is made C. has been made D. was made ‎(非课改实验区考生做)‎ ‎-- Where did you go last night?‎ ‎-- I ______ to go to Li Lei’s birthday party.‎ A. asked B. am asked C. have been asked D. was asked ‎(2005)C 27. She was very excited and her eyes were________tears. A. full with             B. filled of            C. full of A31. Thw two old friends _______each other for years. A. haven't seen         B. didn't see         C. weren't seen B35. The bady________by his grandparents from Monday to Friday. A. was taken care    B. was taken care of      C. was looked at ‎(2004)A 24. ---How about the young lady?‎ ‎---It’s hard to say，but her voice ______ beautiful.‎ A. sings B. hears C. listens D. sounds D27. You ______ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.‎ A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come D34. ---Did you have anyone ______ the trees?‎ ‎---Yes，I had the trees _______.‎ A. to water，water B. to water，watered C. water，to be watered D. water，watered D37. ---Did you win the basketball game？‎ ‎---Bad luck. Our team _______ in the final one.‎ A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten