天津市中考英语试题word版含解析

天津市中考英语试题word版含解析

‎2016年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷 英 语 本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）两部分。第I卷为第1页至第8页，第II卷为第9页至第12页。试卷满分120分。考试时间100分钟。‎ 答卷前，请你务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考点校、考场号、座位号填写在“答题卡”上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答题时，务必将答案涂写在“答题卡”上，答案答在试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和“答题卡”一并交回。‎ 祝你考试顺利！‎ 第I卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1．每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把“答题卡”上对应题目的答案标号的信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号的信息点。‎ ‎2．本卷共五大题，共80分。‎ 一、听力理解（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）‎ A) 在下列每小题内，你将听到一个或两个句子并看到供选择的A、B、C三幅图画，找出与你所听句子内容相匹配的图画。‎ ‎1. ‎ ‎2. ‎ ‎3. ‎ ‎4.B) 下面你将听到十组对话，每组对话都有一个问题。根据对话内容，从每组所给的A、B、C三个选项中找出能回答所提问题的最佳选项。‎ ‎5. Where is Henry’s T-shirt?‎ ‎ A. On the bed. B. On the chair. C. On the table.‎ ‎6. How many desks are there in Betty’s classroom?‎ ‎ A. 30. B. 40. C. 50.‎ ‎7. Who will teach Clss One English?‎ ‎ A. Mr Wang. B. Mr Zhang. C. Mr Li.‎ ‎8. What are they going to make for Jack?‎ ‎ A. A cake. B. A kite. C. A model ship.‎ ‎9. What does the man want to borrow?‎ ‎ A. A ruler. B. A notebook. C. A dictionary.‎ ‎10. Why didn’t she go for a picnic?‎ ‎ A. She had a lot of homework to do.‎ ‎ B. She had to look after her grandpa.‎ ‎ C. She had a piano lesson.‎ ‎11. When was Sally born?‎ ‎ A. In 1998. B. In 2000. C. In 2002.‎ ‎12. Who is the girl going to meet?‎ ‎ A. Her sister. B. Her uncle. C. Her parents.‎ ‎13. Whose pencil is this?‎ ‎ A. Kate’s. B. May’s. C. Jane’s.‎ ‎14. Where does the man want to go?‎ ‎ A. The supermarket. B. The bank. C. The post office.‎ C) 听下面长对话或独白，每段长对话或独白后都有几个问题，从题中所给的A、‎ B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ ‎ 听下面一段材料，回答第15至第17题。‎ ‎15. Who does the girl buy the sweater for?‎ ‎ A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her brother.‎ ‎16. What colour does she want?‎ ‎ A. Yellow. B. Red. C. Blue.‎ ‎17. How much is the sweater?‎ ‎ A. 50 yuan. B. 80 yuan. C. 100 yuan.‎ ‎ 听下面一段材料，回答第18至第20题。‎ ‎18. When will they go to the old people’s homes?‎ ‎ A. This Monday. B. This Friday. C. This Saturday.‎ ‎19. What can they do to help the old people?‎ ‎ A. Do some cooking. B. Go for a walk with them. C. Do some cleaning.‎ ‎20. How will they go there?‎ ‎ A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot.‎ 二、单项填空（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）‎ 从下列每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎21. Tianjin is beautiful city in north of China.‎ A. a；a B. a；the C. the；不填 D.不填；the ‎22. I can’t find my ticket. I think I have lost .‎ A. it B. one C. at D. on ‎23. You can buy almost everything the Internet, and it’s very easy.‎ A. into B. for C. at D. on ‎24. Don’t any more time, or he will miss the meeting.‎ A. save B. trust C. waste D. love ‎25. Li Ming will be . His parents are going to have a party for birthday.‎ A. sixteen; sixteenth B. sixteenth; sixteenth C. sixteen; sixteen D. sixteenth; sixteen ‎26. Every year many foreign friends come to see the of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe‎ ‎River.‎ A. concerts B. plays C. cartoons D. sights ‎27. My mother dinner when I got home yesterday.‎ A. has cooked B. was cooking C. will cook D. cooks ‎28. A journey by train is than by coach.‎ A. more relaxing B. relaxing C. most relaxing D. the most relaxing ‎29. I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera.‎ A. took B. takes C. to take D. taking ‎30. Peter will you the building and you can meet everyone.‎ A. lend; to B. show; around C. compare; with D. brush; off ‎31. Tom fell off his bike, and his hand was hurt .‎ A. quietly B. carefully C. slowly D. badly ‎32. ---I tried to pass the driving test, but I failed.‎ ‎--- . Good luck to you next time. ‎ A. That’s great B. It’s interesting C. That’s a pity D. Glad to hear that ‎33. My family always go somewhere interesting the holiday begins.‎ A. as soon as B. so C. so that D. even though ‎34. ---What a nice watch! How long you it?‎ ‎--- For just two weeks.‎ A. will; buy B. have; had C. were; having D. did;buy ‎35. Paper first about 2000 years ago in China.‎ A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created ‎36. ---Would you like to try some pizza?‎ ‎---Yes, please. It lovely and nice.‎ A. sounds; sees B. hears; turns C. looks; smells D. sounds; watches ‎37. ---Mum, I play football this afternoon?‎ ‎---Sure, but you finish your homework first.‎ A. may; could B. can; must C. can; mustn’t D. may; can’t ‎38. You’d better not ride with your friends in the street. It’s dangerous.‎ A. side by side B. as a result C. as well as D. by the way ‎39. ---Could you tell me you’ll go to Paris?‎ ‎---Next month.‎ A. why B. where C. when D. how ‎40. ---Hi, Diana, how was your summer holiday?‎ ‎--- ! I enjoyed myself in the sea very much.‎ A. Good idea B. Wait a minute C. That’s too bad D. Pretty good 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ My best friend, Connie, is two years older than me. We spend a lot of time together.‎ Connie has long dark brown hair and her eyes are big and round. People say she is 41 and looks like a doll. When we go out, people often 42 that I am older than her because she is shorter and slimmer (苗条的).‎ Connie is positive（乐观的）even when things go 43 . Last week she got her examination 44 , which were not very good. I thought she was going to be 45 . Instead, she simply decided to do better the next time. Then, every day after class, 46 teachers are free in their offices, she will ask them for help.‎ Connie gets on well with others. Everyone in my family 47 her, even my younger brother. When you hear her laugh, you will naturally（自然地）laugh 48 . When I feel unhappy, I will talk to Connie and she will make me feel 49 .‎ I think my 50 with Connie is very valuable, and I hope we will always be best friends.‎ ‎41. A. crazy B. beautiful C. lazy D. ugly ‎42. A. think B. hope C. suggest D. ask ‎43. A. wrong B. welcome C. important D. interesting ‎44. A. lessons B. symbols C. novels D. results ‎45. A. stupid B. interested C. sad D. glad ‎46. A. although B. if C. before D. even though ‎47. A. sees B. likes C. wakes D. catches ‎48. A. suddenly B. early C. recently D. together ‎49. A. better B. angrier C. busier D. heavier ‎50. A. purpose B. opinion C. friendship D. habit 四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题；51~60小题，每小题2分；61~65小题，每小题1分；共25分）‎ 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Our new neighbours are the Browns. They have two children, a boy and a girl. The boy is Jack and the girl is Alice. Jack is 11, and he is one year older than me. Alice and my sister Nancy are 8 years old.‎ At weekends, Nancy and I like to go to play with Alice and Jack. Both Jack and I really enjoy playing computer games. Sometimes the girls join us, but the games they enjoy are different from the ones we like.‎ There is a big park near our house. Sometimes, when the weather is fine, the four of us will go for bike rides there. We often stop at the huge playground to have some ‎ fun. Jack and I like to play basketball, but the girls prefer to sing and dance.‎ Our families often have dinner together. On some days, they come over to our house and on other days, we go over to theirs. Mr Brown and his wife cook really well.‎ Nancy and I are very glad to have the Browns next door. It’s great to have friends living so near.‎ ‎51. Who are the writer’s new neighbours?‎ A. A family of three. B. The Browns.‎ C. Jack and Nancy. D. Alice and Nancy.‎ ‎52. How old is Alice?‎ A. 8 B. ‎9 ‎ C. 10 D. 11‎ ‎53. The girls prefer to ______ at the playground in the park.‎ A. listen to music B. play basketball C. sing and dance D. play computer games ‎54. Where do the two families have dinner together?‎ A. At a park nearby. B. At a restaurant.‎ C. In a forest. D. At their houses.‎ ‎55. The writer thinks it’s ______ to be friends with the new neighbours.‎ A. boring B. great C. difficul D. safe B Do you know that in some parts of the world, people build temporary（暂时的）hotels made of snow and blocks（大块）of ice? These are known as ice hotels.‎ Unlike usual hotels, all the rooms in the ice hotels are made of ice. In some ice hotels, even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks. So they only serve cold drinks. Also, hot food is not served in the ice hotels, but guests can eat hot food at places nearby.‎ To keep warm, guests sleep in comfortable sleeping bags on ice blocks that are covered by mattresses（床垫）and reindeer skins（驯鹿皮）.‎ There are some places in the ice hotels that are heated, such as the bathrooms. This is because, even though it is not as cold in the ice hotels as it is outdoors（在户外）, indoor temperatures are still very low.‎ Perhaps the most interesting thing about the ice hotels is that they are rebuilt every year. They can be used only during the winter months. The ice hotels melt（融化）away when spring arrives. The ice blocks used to build these hotels are from nearby rivers. So, when the ice hotels melt away, they melt back into the rivers.‎ ‎56. According to the passage, ice hotels ______.‎ A. are found everywhere B. do business in summer C. are made of glass D. are made of snow and ice ‎57. Which of the following about the ice hotels is true?‎ A. They are just like usual hotels. B. The glasses are made of wood.‎ C. They serve cold drinks. D. The rooms are made of bamboo.‎ ‎58. You can’t see ______ in the ice hotels.‎ A. hot food B. reindeer skins C. sleeping bag D. mattresses ‎59. Why are bathrooms heated in the ice hotels?‎ A. Guests want to eat in them. B. Indoor temperature are very low.‎ C. Guests ask the hotels to do that. D. It is as cold indoors as it is outdoors.‎ ‎60. What happens to the ice hotels in spring?‎ A. They melt away. B. They are rebuilt.‎ C. They are repaired. D. They need more ice.‎ C Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes a long time, perhaps half a day, for passengers to stay in the plan. So airlines（航空公司）offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree?‎ To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.‎ However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude（海拔）we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure（气压）reduces one third of the sensibility（感觉）of our taste buds（味蕾）. So our taste buds become senseless. The sad face, however, is that our noses don’t know it.‎ All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy（辛辣的）food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless.‎ Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.‎ Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.‎ ‎61. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ______.‎ A. passengers stay long in the plane B. food on the plane tastes bad C. passengers have no food to eat D. food on the plane is expensive ‎62. What do airlines do to solve this problem?‎ A. Get more customers. B. Offer more food.‎ C. Improve their food. D. Reduce the ticket price.‎ ‎63. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reduces of the sensibility of our taste buds.‎ ‎ A. half B. one third C. one fourth D. one fifth ‎64. Why do scientists feel it hard to made food on the plane taste good?‎ A. The volunteers don’t know about food taste.‎ B. The volunteers don’t understand them.‎ C. They can’t find enough volunteers.‎ D. They can’t deal with the special environment successfully.‎ ‎65. What is the best title of the passage?‎ A. Taste of Airplane Food B. Airplane Travel C. Scientific Research on Noses D. The Change in Air Pressure 五、补全对话（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）‎ 根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。（选项中有两项是多余的）‎ A. I usually play computer games late at night.‎ B. T want to buy some music CDs.‎ C. What’s wrong with me?‎ D. Where do you work?‎ E. Stand up and do some exercise from time to time.‎ F. Well, I’ve got a pain in my back.‎ G. Do you have breakfast?‎ A: Can I help you?‎ B: 66 ‎ A: How long have you been like this?‎ B: Since two weeks ago.‎ A: Let me have a look. 67 ‎ B: I work in an office.‎ A: Do you play computer games?‎ B: Yes, a lot. 68 ‎ A: Mm, that’s it.‎ B: 69 ‎ A: Nothing serious. You spend too much time in front of the computer.‎ B: What can I do?‎ A: 70 Don’t play computer games too much.‎ B: OK, I’ll take your advice. Thank you.‎ ‎2016年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷 英 语 第Ⅱ卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1．用黑色字迹的签字笔将答案写在“答题卡”上。‎ ‎2．本卷共四大题，共40分。‎ 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。‎ ‎71. 明天请把作业交上来 Please _________ __________ your homework tomorrow.‎ ‎72. 他说的话不合情理。‎ His words didn’t ________ _________.‎ ‎73. 他旁边的那位女士是我的姑姑利兹。‎ The woman _________ _________ him is my aunt Liz.‎ ‎74. 电视开着，但是玛丽没注意看。‎ The TV was on, but Mary wasn’t _______ _________ to it.‎ ‎75. 我想大家都需要帮助动物，使它们在宁静中生存。‎ I think we all need to help animals live ________ __________.‎ 七、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）‎ 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。‎ Steve Jobs was born on 24th February ‎1955 in San Francisco‎, ‎California. As a child, he often worked with his father or electronics.‎ In high school, he met Bill Fernandez and Steve Wozniak(or “Woz”). Woz and Bill showed Jobs a computer board that they were building at the time. Jobs was very interested in it.‎ After high school, Jobs went to one of the best colleges in Oregon. However, he dropped out only after a few months. In the meantime, Woz worked for Hewlett-Packard, but found time to build his own computer. When Jobs saw what Woz had done, he could imagine that people would need it very much.‎ Together, they set up a company called Apple. Apple Computer became a big success, and this made Jobs a rich man. Unfortuantely, Jobs’s personality(性格) made him very difficult to work with. He left Apple to set up another company. Soon, Apple started to do badly. Jobs returned to Apple and helped make the company successful again.‎ Back at Apple, Jobs was responsible (负责) for the development of the iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone and iPad.‎ In 2003, Jobs got very ill and died on 5th October 2011.‎ ‎76. When Jobs was in high school, Woz and Bill showed him _______ that they were building.‎ ‎77. When Woz worked for Hewlett-Packard, he found time to _______.‎ ‎78. Jobs and Woz set up _________ called Apple.‎ ‎79. Jobs left Apple because he _________.‎ ‎80. In 2003, Jobs _________ and died on 5th October 2011.‎ 八．综合填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） ‎ 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。‎ If you pay a visit to Liu Hasheng's restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining e___ 81 is perfect. After the visit, you can tell others that the robots serving customers isn't a dream any more.‎ It's wonderful to see h_____ 82 the 18 robots work in the restaurant. The wonder s____ __83 when you walk in. You'll see a robot come up and say, "Earth person, hello! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant." When you have ordered your m____ __84 , the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is p_____ _85 , a robot waiter will glide (滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ordered. And as customers enjoy their d____ __86 food, a robot sings lovely songs for them.‎ You may ask, "Where did all these robots come from?" Liu said they were designed (设计) and m_____ _87 by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested (投资) 5 million yuan in the restaurant, with each robot costing 200,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan. And the w___ __88 robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room.‎ After a busy day, all the robots will go for a "meal", which is e_____ _89 ‎ ‎. After 5 hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now provides a menu with more than 30 dishes (菜肴), and the average (平均) cost for a dinner is a___ ___90 40 to 50 yuan. Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant? ‎ 九．书面表达（本大题共15分） ‎ ‎91. 假如你所在中学的校刊近期开辟英文专栏，征集发生在大家身边的感人故事。请根据以下提示，为该专栏投稿。‎ ‎ （1）在一个寒冷的早晨，你买早餐时看到前面的女孩买了面包和牛奶。‎ ‎ （2）女孩要离开时，发现树下有一个老年乞丐，他看上去又冷又饿。‎ ‎ （3）女孩走到乞丐身旁，把食物递给了他。‎ ‎ （4）乞丐向女孩道谢，女孩微笑着离开。‎ ‎ （5）你很感动……‎ ‎ 参考词汇：乞丐 begger 感动 be moved ‎ 要求：‎ ‎ （1）词数：80 ~ 100个。‎ ‎ （2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ ‎ （3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。‎ ‎ On a cold morning, while I was ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎21、不定冠词（a，an）；定冠词（the）．‎ ‎【分析】天津是中国北方的一个美丽的城市．‎ ‎【解答】答案：B 不定冠词a，an 表示泛指；定冠词the 表示特指或者再次提到；根据Tianjin is beautiful city，可知是首次提到，且为泛指一个美丽的城市． beautiful 第一个音/b/是辅音，应该用a；根据in north of China． 在中国的北部，是特指，应该加定冠词the，故选：B．‎ ‎22、【考点】人称代词．‎ ‎【分析】我找不到我的票了．我认为我把它丢了．‎ ‎【解答】答案：A 根据"I can't find my ticket．"可知我找不到我的票了，故后半句应该表示的是我丢了这张票．这张票为无生命的物品，指同类同物，且为单数，故应用it来代替．故选A．‎ ‎【点评】本题考查it的用法．要根据第一句判断出丢失的对象为什么，进而判断出正确的代词 ‎23、【考点】方位介词．‎ ‎【分析】你几乎可以在网上买到所有东西，并且这是很简单的．‎ ‎【解答】答案：D 根据You can buy almost everything，可知此句表达的含义为在网上几乎可以买到所有东西．在网上为"on the Internet"．故选D．‎ ‎24、【考点】基数词；序数词．‎ ‎【分析】李明将要16岁了．他的父母将为了他的16岁生日举行聚会．‎ ‎【解答】答案：A 根据Li Ming will be…可知本句是描述李明的年龄，表示年龄用基数词，故第一个空用sixteen．根据第二个空后的birthday（单数名词），可知其前需要序数词（序数词+名词的单数形式）．故选A．‎ ‎25、【考点】基数词；序数词．‎ ‎【分析】李明将要16岁了．他的父母将为了他的16岁生日举行聚会．‎ ‎【解答】答案：A 根据Li Ming will be…可知本句是描述李明的年龄，表示年龄用基数词，故第一个空用sixteen．根据第二个空后的birthday（单数名词），可知其前需要序数词（序数词+名词的单数形式）．故选A．‎ ‎26、【考点】名词的词义辨析．‎ ‎【分析】每年很多游客都来看天津的风景，像天津之眼和海河．‎ ‎【解答】答案：D concert音乐会；play剧本；cartoon卡通片；sight风景；根据such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River可知这些都是天津的风景，故选D．‎ ‎27、【考点】过去进行时．‎ ‎【分析】昨天当我到家的时候我的妈妈在做晚餐．‎ ‎【解答】答案：B ‎ 根据 when引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句推断主句描述的是过去某个时间正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时态，它的构成为：主语+was/were+V-ing形式，主语是第三人称单数形式，be动词应该用was．故选B ‎28、【考点】形容词的比较级和最高级．‎ ‎【分析】坐火车旅行比坐大巴旅行更加令人轻松．‎ ‎【解答】答案：A ‎ 根据句中的than，可知此处需要形容词的比较级．即：坐火车旅行和坐大巴旅行 进行比较，relaxing的比较级是 more relaxing；故选A ‎29、【考点】不定式．‎ ‎【分析】我想去看京剧，因此玲玲就主动提出带我看了一场．‎ ‎【解答】答案：C．‎ 根据so Lingling offered--me to watch an opera，可知这里考查了offer的用法：offer后接不定式，表示"主动提出做某事"．故选C．‎ ‎30、【考点】动词词义辨析．‎ ‎【分析】Peter会带领你参观那个大楼，你会遇见每一个人．‎ ‎【解答】答案：B．‎ 首先明确四个选项中动词短语的意思，A：把…借给；B：带领某人参观某地；C：把…和…作比较；D：把…刷掉； 根据语境推测句意是"Peter会带领你参观那个大楼，你会遇见每一个人．"，由此判断句子中缺少短语：带领某人参观某地，故答案为B．‎ ‎31、【考点】副词的词义辨析．‎ ‎【分析】Tom从他的自行车上掉下来，手伤得很重．‎ ‎【解答】答案：D quietly安静地；carefully细心地；slowly慢地；badly糟糕地；根据Tom fell off his bike可知手伤得很严重，故选D．‎ ‎32、【考点】常用日常交际用语．‎ ‎【分析】--我尽力通过驾照考试，但是我失败了．‎ ‎--真遗憾．祝你下次好运．‎ ‎【解答】答案：C．‎ 首先明确各选项中句子的意思，A：好极了；B：真有趣；C：真遗憾；D：听你这样说真高兴；根据语境 I tried to pass the driving test，but I failed．可以推断第二个人面对别人的失败应该回答"真遗憾"． 故选C ‎33、【考点】从属连词．‎ ‎【分析】假期一开始，我的家人总是去某个有趣的地方．‎ ‎【解答】答案：A；‎ 根据设空处前后的句子可以推断本句的句意是"假期一开始，我的家人总是去某个有趣的地方．"表示"一…就…"用as soon as，故选A ‎34、【考点】现在完成时．‎ ‎【分析】-多么漂亮的手表啊！你买多久了？‎ ‎-只有两个星期．‎ ‎【解答】答案：B ‎ 根据句中的关键词How long 可知这是询问时间段的疑问词组，结合选项此句的所表达的意思是你买手表多久了？根据答语For just two weeks（只有两个星期）表时间段，所以这里的意思也就是买这只手表有两个星期了，所以买手表这个动作发生在过去，拥有手表的状态一直延续到现在，还有可能继续延续下去，符合现在完成时的用法，所以问句应用现在完成时去表达，其构成是have/has+过去分词；由于后跟时间段时谓语动词必须用延续性动词，而buy为终止性动词故不可用；所以应用其延续性动词have代替buy表"拥有"，指一种状态．主语为you所以用have，动词have的过去分词为had．故选B．‎ ‎35、【考点】一般过去时的被动语态．‎ ‎【分析】大约2000年前，纸首次在中国被发明创造出来．‎ ‎【解答】答案：D 根据Paper first about 2000 years ago in China．可知这句话的主语是Paper，是动作的承受者，它和动词create构成被动关系，所以应该用被动语态．根据时间状语2000 years ago．可知应该用一般过去时的被动语态．一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词．主语是Paper，所以应该是was created，故选：D．‎ ‎36、【考点】动词词义辨析．‎ ‎【分析】--你愿意尝试一下披萨吗？‎ ‎--是的．（披萨）看上去令人愉快，闻起来也不错．‎ ‎【解答】答案：C．‎ 根据语境推测句意是"（披萨）看上去令人愉快，闻起来也不错．"，根据设空处后面的形容词lovely和nice判断分别使用感管动词look和smell，故答案为C．‎ ‎37、【考点】情态动词．‎ ‎【分析】--妈妈，今天下午我可以去踢足球吗？‎ ‎--当然可以．但是你必须先完成作业．‎ ‎【解答】答案：B．‎ can能，可能；may可能；must一定，必须；could可能，表示更委婉的说法，mustn't不可以；can't不可能；can和may在表示可能性上，can的语气比may要强烈，may要显得婉转．而且can多用于口语，在正式用于中多用may．can表示可能，多用于否定句与疑问句．根据 I play football this afternoon，可知这里表示一种请求，这里用can表示能；再根据but you…finish your homework first，可知这里必须先完成作业，语气较为强烈，所以在这里用must表示一定要做的事．故选B．‎ ‎38、【考点】介词短语．‎ ‎【分析】你最好不要和你的朋友在街上肩并肩骑自行车，那样危险．‎ ‎【解答】答案：C．‎ 首先明确选项中介词短语的意思，A：肩并肩；B：结果；C：除…之外（也）；D：顺便说（问）一下； 根据语境推测句意是"你最好不要和你的朋友在街上肩并肩骑自行车，那样危险．"，由此判断句子中缺少短语：肩并肩 side by side，故答案为C．‎ ‎39、【考点】连接副词；宾语从句．‎ ‎【分析】-你能告诉我你什么时候去巴黎吗？‎ ‎-下个月．‎ ‎【解答】答案：C 根据Could you tell me 可知后面跟的是宾语从句，空处缺少引导词；再根据答语Next month可知上句询问的是时间，应该用特殊疑问词when作为引导词，此句是指你能告诉我你什么时候去巴黎吗？符合句意及用法．故选C．‎ ‎40、【考点】常用日常交际用语．‎ ‎【分析】--嗨，Diana，你的暑假过得怎么样？‎ ‎--相当不错！我在大海里玩得很开心．‎ ‎【解答】答案：D．‎ 首先明确各选项中句子的意思，A：好主意！；B：稍等一下！；C：太糟糕了！；D：相当不错！；联系前后语境，可知对话发生在暑假之后，根据I enjoyed myself in the sea very much 可知假期过得不错，所以用短语：Pretty good!故选D．‎ 三、完形填空：‎ ‎【考点】记叙文．‎ ‎【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．‎ 我最好的朋友康妮比我大两岁，我们在一起度过了一段很长的时间．‎ 康妮留着长深棕色的头发而且眼睛又大又圆，人们说她漂亮并且看上去像个洋娃娃．当我们出去的时候，因为她又矮又苗条所以人们经常认为我比她的年龄更大．‎ 当事情不好时康妮甚至更乐观，上个星期她知道了她的考试成绩，成绩并不是非常的好，我想她会非常悲伤，相反，她仅仅决定下次做的更好．然后，每天下了课，如果老师在办公室里有空的话，他就让老师帮她学习．‎ 康妮和其他人相处的好，我们家的每个人都喜欢她，甚至我的小弟弟，当你听到她笑的时候，你会自然的就笑．当我感到不高兴的时候，我会和康妮说并且她会让我感觉更好．‎ 我认为我和康妮的友谊是非常珍贵的，并且我希望我们将一直成为最好的朋友．‎ ‎【解答】41．B．考查形容词词义辨析．crazy疯狂的；beautiful美丽的；lazy懒惰的；ugly丑陋的；根据and looks like a doll可知人们说她漂亮而且像个洋娃娃；故选B ‎ ‎42．A．考查动词词义辨析．think认为；hope希望；suggest建议；ask问；根据people often…that I am older than her可知这是一种想法，应是人们经常认为我比她年龄大． 故选A ‎ ‎43．A．考查固定词组．wrong不好的，错误的；welcome欢迎；important重要的；interesting有趣的； go wrong固定词组（出毛病，出错）．故选A ‎ ‎44．D．考查名词词义辨析．lessons课；symbols 象征，符号；novels小说；results结果；根据she got her examination…可知她知道了考试结果．故选 D ‎ ‎45．C．考查形容词词义辨析．stupid愚蠢的；interested有趣的；sad 悲伤的；glad高兴的，根据which were not very good（那不太好）那自然就是悲伤．故选C ‎ ‎46．B．考查连词词义辨析．although虽然；if 如果before在什么之前；even though甚至；根据every day after class（每天下课）这里表假设，如果老师有空，就去寻求帮助．故选B ‎ ‎47．B 考查动词词义辨析．see看见；like喜欢；wake叫醒，醒来；catch抓住 根据Connie gets on well with others（康妮和其他人相处的好）可知我们家中的每个人都喜欢她．故选B ‎ ‎48．D．考查副词词义辨析．suddenly突然；early 早；recently 最近；together一起；根据When you hear her laugh，you will naturally（自然地）laugh…可推知你会自然的一起笑，故选 D ‎ ‎49．A．考查形容词比较级词义辨析．better更好；angrier更生气；busier更忙；heavier更重；根据When I feel unhappy，I will talk to Connie and she will make me feel…联系前句When you hear her laugh可知由于 Connie 的笑声及乐观的情绪，当我感觉不高兴时，我会和康妮交谈，可推知她就会让我感到更好．故选 A ‎ ‎50．C．考查名词词义辨析．purpose目的；opinion主张，；friendship友谊；habit习惯；根据I think my…with Connie is very valuable（我认为我和康妮的…是非常珍贵的）．I hope we will always be best friends（根据我希望我们将是最好的朋友，那么前面空格填的肯定是friendship（友谊）了．故选 C．‎ 四、阅读理解 ‎51-55【考点】日常生活类阅读；文中细节；作者情感．‎ ‎【分析】我们的新邻居是布朗一家人，他们有两个小孩，一个男孩和一个女孩．男孩是杰克，女孩是爱丽丝．杰克十一岁，他比我大一岁．爱丽丝和我的妹妹南希都是八岁．‎ 周末，南希和我喜欢和爱丽丝杰克一起玩耍，杰克和我非常喜欢玩电脑游戏，有时候，女孩们也会加入，但是她们喜欢的和我们喜欢的不一样．‎ 我们家旁边有一个大花园．有时候，当天气好的时候，我们四个人会去那里骑自行车．我们经常停在一个大的广场上去玩耍．杰克和我喜欢打篮球，但是女孩子喜欢唱歌跳舞．‎ 我们的家人常在一起吃饭．有时候，他们来我家，有时候我们去他们家．布朗先生和他的妻子烧饭很好吃．‎ 南希和我都很高兴有布朗一家人做邻居．有朋友住的这么近真的很好．‎ ‎【解答】51．答案：B．细节理解题．根据Our new neighbours are the Browns可知他们的邻居是布朗一家人，故选B．‎ ‎52．答案：A．细节理解题．根据Alice and my sister Nancy are 8years old．可知爱丽丝是八岁，故选A．‎ ‎53．答案：C．细节理解题．根据We often stop at the huge playground to have some fun．Jack and I like to play basketball，but the girls prefer to sing and dance．可知女孩子更喜欢唱歌和跳舞，故选C． ‎ ‎54．答案：D．细节理解题．根据Our families often have dinner togeth er．On some days，they come over to our house and on other days，we go over to theirs．可知他们是去彼此的家里去吃饭，故选D． ‎ ‎55．答案：B．细节理解题．根据It's great to have friends living so near．可知作者认为有朋友住的近很好，故选B．‎ ‎【考点】社会文化类阅读；文中细节．‎ ‎【分析】本文介绍了世界上的冰雪旅馆．这些旅馆是由雪和大块的冰制成的临时性旅馆．和普通的旅馆不同，这些旅馆中的房间都是用冰块制成的．喝水的杯子也是冰块制成的．所以他们只提供冷饮．客人们如果想吃热的食物可以去附近的地方．为了保持温暖，客人们会在铺着床垫和鹿皮的冰块上的睡袋中睡觉．旅馆中，例如浴室，是可以加热的．关于冰雪旅馆最有趣的就是每年都会重建，因为春天冰雪旅馆就会融化，流入附近的河流，冬季的时候，再用附近河流中的冰块重建旅馆．‎ ‎【解答】56．D 细节理解题．根据"Do you know that in some parts of the world，people build temporary（暂时的）hotels made of snow and blocks（大块）of ice？"可知冰雪旅馆是在世界上的有些地方有，不是到处都有．并且是由大块的冰制成的．故排除A与C选项．根据"The ice hotels melt（融化）away when spring arrives．"可知冰雪旅馆在春天就融化了，故夏天是不会做生意的，排除B选项．故选D． ‎ ‎57．C 细节理解题．根据"In some ice hotels，even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks．So they only serve cold drinks．"可知冰雪旅馆是只提供冷饮的．故选C． ‎ ‎58．A 细节理解题．根据"hot food is not served in the ice hotels，but guests can eat hot food at places n earby．"可知热的食物在冰雪旅馆中是不会出现的，你可以去附近的地方去吃．故选A． ‎ ‎59．B 细节理解题．根据"indoor temperatures are still very low．"可知加热浴室的原因是室内虽然没有外边那么冷，但是室内的温度还是很低．故选B． ‎ ‎60．A 细节理解题．根据"The ice hotels melt（融化）away when spring arrives．"可知当春天来临时，冰雪旅馆就融化了，故选A．‎ ‎【考点】科普知识类阅读；内容归纳；文中细节．‎ ‎【分析】本篇文章讲述了一个问题--为什么在飞机上食物变得很难吃？科学家的回答是--由于海拔升高的原因，气压的改变钝化了我们三分之一的味觉，我们的鼻子变得干燥，对气味不敏感．这也是为什么飞机餐通常比较"重口"（偏咸且偏辣）的原因．科学家和志愿者尝试用一些方法改善飞机上的用餐，但由于气压的变化的原因，想要让飞机餐变得好吃还是很难．‎ ‎【解答】61．B 词义理解题．找到原句To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food．这一句说到"improve their food"，可以推测this problem是和food有联系的，可以排除A选项；根据原句前面一句But it is common that they feel bad about food taste．Do you agree？可知是"食物很难吃"，因此答案为B．‎ ‎62．C 推理判断题．根据To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food．可知，为了解决食物难吃这个问题，航空公司努力改善他们的食物，故选C．‎ ‎63．B 细节理解题．根据第三段句子 the change in air pressure（气压）reduces one third of the sensibility（感觉）of our taste buds（味蕾）可知，气压的变化减弱了我们三分之一的味觉．故选B ‎64．D 推理判断题．仔细理解最后一段内容可知，Though scientists try their best，it is not as easy as they thought．Because they can't deal with the special ‎ environment successfully，such as the change in air pressure，making food taste good is still hard for them．科学家认为要解决这个问题不容易的原因是他们无法成功地处理这种特殊的环境，比如气压的改变．因此答案为D．‎ ‎65．A 内容归纳题．本文主要讲了"飞机餐为什么难吃"，因此答案为A．‎ 五、补全对话 ‎【考点】补全对话；建议．‎ ‎【分析】这是一篇A和B的对话，主要谈论是B的后背疼痛的问题．全文翻译如下：‎ A：我能帮助你吗？‎ B：是的，我背疼．‎ A：你这样多长时间了？‎ B：自从两个星期前．‎ A：让我看一看．你在哪儿工作？‎ B：我在一家办公室工作，‎ A：你经常玩电脑游戏吗？‎ B：是的，玩的很多．我每天晚上玩到很晚．‎ A：嗯，那就对了．‎ B：我严重吗？‎ A：不很严重．你在电脑前的时间太长．‎ B：我该怎么办？‎ A：你在玩电脑是要多站起来并且不时地多锻炼．不要玩太多的电脑游戏．‎ B：好的，我接受你的建议．谢谢．‎ ‎【解答】66．F．根据A的问话Can I help yo u？（我能帮助你吗？），对应的回答应为说出自己的问题Well，I've got a pain in my back．故选F ‎ ‎67．D．根据B的回答I work in an office的意思是我工作在办公室．那么句子Where do you work？问你在哪儿工作？故选D ‎68．A． 根据A的问句Do you play computer games？的意思是你玩电脑游戏吗？B的回答Yes，a lot．意思是"是的，很多"．那下面肯定是I usually play computer games late at night．故选A ‎ ‎69．C． 根据A的回答Nothing serious．的意思是"不严重"那么B肯定是问What's wrong with me？故选C ‎70．E．What can I do？的汉语意思是我该做什么？那么接下来就是回答应该做什么？句子Stand up and do some exercise from time to time．的意思是站起来不时地做一些锻炼．故选E 六、完成句子 ‎71、【考点】汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】hand in．‎ ‎【解答】答案：hand in．这里是祈使句，please后加上动词原形，表示上交用动词短语hand in，故答案是hand in．‎ ‎72、【考点】汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】make sense．‎ ‎【解答】答案：make sense．根据中英文这里需要表达合情理，讲的通，用动词短语make sense，这里是一般过去时，前面有助动词did，后加动词原形，故答案是make sense．‎ ‎73、【考点】汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】next to．‎ ‎【解答】答案：next to．结合句意需要译出旁边的，用短语next to，the woman作为主语，后面用介词短语next to him作为后置定语，修饰the woman，故答案是next to．‎ ‎74、【考点】汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】paying attention．‎ ‎【解答】答案：paying attention．根据句意是说电视开着，用的是一般过去时，但玛丽没正在看，故用过去进行时was/were+doing，表示注意…结合后面的介词to用pay attenion to，故答案是paying attention．‎ ‎75、【考点】汉译英．‎ ‎【分析】in peace．‎ ‎【解答】答案：in peace．结合中英文这里需要表达出在宁静中，在句中做状语，故用短语in peace 和平地，宁静地，故答案是in peace．‎ 七、任务型阅读 ‎【考点】阅读填空；人物故事类阅读．‎ ‎【分析】史蒂夫•乔布斯在1955年的2月24日出生于美国加州的旧金山．当他还是孩子的时候，他就经常和他的父亲或者电子元件一起工作．‎ 高中时，他对于Woz和Bill展示给他的电脑主板很感兴趣．高中毕业后，他去了俄勒冈州最好的大学之一．几个月之后他就退学了．他看到了Woz正在研发自己的电脑，他认为人们肯定很需要这种东西．他们一起成立的苹果公司．公司很成功，由于他的性格不好相处，他离开了苹果公司．之后他又回到公司，帮助公司再一次成功．他负责研发了iMac，iTunes，iPod，iPhone和iPad．‎ 在2003年，他患重病并且于‎2011年10月5日去世．‎ ‎【解答】76．a computer board 细节理解题．根据"Woz and Bill showed Jobs a ‎ computer board that they were building at the time．"可知Woz和Bill展示给Jobs一个电脑主板．故答案为a computer board． ‎ ‎77．build his own computer 细节理解题．根据"In the meantime，Woz worked for Hewlett-Packard，but found time to build his own computer．"可知Woz为Hewlett-Packard工作的同时还找时间研发自己的电脑．故答案为：build his own computer ‎ ‎78．a company 细节理解题．根据"Together，they set up a company called Apple．"可知两人一起建立了一家叫做Apple的公司．故答案为：a company ‎79．was very difficult to work with 细节理解题．根据"Unfortuantely，Jobs's personality（性格） made him very difficult to work with．He left Apple to set up another company"可知他因为性格很难相处，所以离开了苹果公司，建立了另一家公司．故答案为：was very difficult to work with ‎ ‎80．got very ill 细节理解题．根据最后一段"In 2003，Jobs got very ill and died on 5th October 2011．"可知在2003年，Jobs身患重病．可知答案为：got very ill 八、综合填空 ‎【考点】语法填空．‎ ‎【分析】文章大意：‎ 这篇文章主要向我们介绍了在哈尔滨的一家餐馆全部是由18个机器人在为客人进行服务工作．他们随时准备为您提供服务，确保您的用餐体验完美．文章着重介绍了机器人是如何工作的，当你走进餐馆，你会看到一个机器人上来说："地球人，你好！欢迎来到机器人餐厅．"当你点完餐后，厨房里的机器人开始做饭．当饭准备好时，一个机器人服务员将滑行出厨房为您送来你点的餐．当顾客享受美食时，机器人会为他们唱动人的歌曲．‎ 文章还介绍了这些机器人的来源．饭店老板说这些机器人是由哈尔滨昊海机器人公司设计并制造的．老板说他投资在餐厅500万元，每个机器人的成本20万元到30万元．整个机器人团队是由在计算机机房的人员进行管理的．‎ 这些机器人是充电的，充电5小时，机器人就可以继续他们一天的工作．餐厅现在能提供一份超过30种菜肴的菜单，平均每餐的花费大约40 到50元．你想去这家餐馆试试吗？‎ ‎【解答】81．experience 考查名词用法．根据空前面的名词dining可知其后应该跟名词，dining作定语修饰该名词；根据后句After the visit，you can tell others that the robots serving customers isn't a dream any more．（访问结束后，你可以告诉别人，为客户服务的机器人不再是一个梦想）结合首字母e，可推知前句是指他们会确保用餐体验是完美的，侧重于内心的感受，结合后面的系动词is，故此处应用不可数名词experience指"体验"．故填：experience．‎ ‎82．how 考查疑问副词用法． 根据to see可知后面的部分作see的宾语；结合本段后面的一系列的描述向我们展示了机器人工作的全过程，结合首字母h，可知此处应用疑问副词how指方式"如何"，指会看到机器人是如何工作的． 故填：how ‎83．starts 考查动词用法．根据后面的时间状语…when you walk in及You'll see a robot come up and say，"Earth person，hello!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant"可知这应该是一开始当客人进入饭店后机器人首先要做的事情即问好，空处位于主语后所以应用谓语动词，结合首字母s，可知此处是指当你走进饭店，奇迹开始了，故用动词start；由于此句为一般现在时，主语为单数，所以start应用三单形式starts．故填starts ‎ ‎84．meal 考查 名词用法．根据关键词your可知其后应该跟名词；联系后句the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking （厨房里的机器人开始做饭），很显然，一般是在客人点完餐后开始做菜，结合首字母m，及关键词order，可知这里应是指点餐，故用名词meal，此处是特指点完你的餐，所以用单数即可．故填：meal ‎ ‎85．prepared 考查动词用法．根据后句a robot waiter will glide （滑行） out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ordered（一个机器人服务员将滑行出厨房为您送来你点的餐）可知前句肯定是指在饭准备好了之后才会来送餐；此句的主语为food，结合is，可知是其后面空处谓语动词的承受者，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成为am/is/are+过去分词；结合首字母p，可以确定此处应该填动词prepare（准备）的过去分词prepared．故填：prepared ‎86．delicious 考查形容词用法．根据关键词 enjoy their…food 可知their后应该跟形容词修饰food；再联系enjoy的含义"享受"，结合首字母d，可知只有美味的食物才称得上享受，所以此处应用形容词delicious．故填：delicious ‎ ‎87．made 考查动词用法．根据句子的关键部分they were designed （设计） and…by 可知空处应填入的是和designed 具有相同形式和并列意义的动词，并可以判断出此句为一般过去时的被动语态；was/were+过去分词，所以空处应该填入动词的过去分词；结合首字母m及后面the Harbin Haohai Robot Company是一家机器人公司，所以推测这些机器人是被这家公司设计进而制造的，故用动词make（制造）的过去分词made．故填：made ‎88．whole/wonderful 考查形容词用法．根据定冠词the及名词短语robot team 可知空处应该填入一个形容词作定语；结合后半部分…is managed by the workers in the computer ro om．（是由在计算机机房的人员进行管理的）结合首字母w可以有两种理解：一是指整个的机器人团队，强调一个整体，可以用whole；二是联系前文对机器人出色工作的肯定，所以也可以指这个出色的机器人团队，也可以用wonderful．故填：whole/wonderful ‎ ‎89．electricity 考查名词用法．根据前句After a busy day，all the robots will go for a"meal"，which is…可知此处的which引导定语从句，代指前面的先行词meal，所以is后应该跟名词，解释说明meal是什么；联系常识机器人在工作了一天后，形象的比喻为"吃饭"，联想到机器人工作一般都是用电驱动的，结合首字母e，可知此处应用不可数名词electricity"电"．故填：electricity ‎90．about 考查介词用法．根据关键部分…cost for a dinner is…40to 50yuan可知此处应是指用餐的费用，40到50元是一个大体的花费，结合首字母a，所以is后应该用介词about表"大约"．故填：about 九、书面表达 ‎【考点】提纲作文．‎ ‎【分析】这是一篇提纲作文，让我们根据题目内容写一篇发生在身边的感人故事，故事大体内容已给出，需要我们发挥自己的想象力、创造力和思维力，把这些内容补充完整．由题目可知，写作时要用第三人称和第一人称，时态主要为一般过去时，内容要点包括：故事讲述及作者感受．‎ 重要短语及句型：‎ in front of 在…前面 offer sth．to sb．‎ 提供某物给某人 ‎ at that moment 就在那时 learn from ‎ 向…学习 He looked so cold and hungry that the girl wanted to help him．‎ 他看上去如此地又冷又饿以至于这个女孩想帮他．so…that…如此…以至于，引导结果状语从句．‎ The beggar thanked her happily and the girl went away with a beautiful smile on her face．‎ 乞丐高兴地谢了她，女孩面带美丽的微笑离开了．happily高兴地，副词，修饰动词thank，with带着，伴随状语．‎ We should learn from her and help the people in need．‎ 我们应该向她学习帮助需要的人．learn from sb．向某人学习；in need介词短语作定语．‎ ‎【解答】One possible version：‎ ‎ On a cold morning，while I was buying breakfast，I saw a girl in front of me buying some bread and milk．When the girl was about to leave，she found there was a poor beggar under the tree．He looked so cold and hungry that the girl wanted to help him．（高分句型）So the girl went close to the beggar and offered her food to him．The beggar thanked her happily and the girl went away with a beautiful smile on her face．（高分句型）（故事讲述）‎ ‎ At that moment，I was moved．I felt the touch of something bright and friendly．We should learn from her and help the people in need．（高分句型）（感受）‎ ‎2016年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷 英语参考答案 一、听力理解（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A ‎11. B 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. B 二、单项填空（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）‎ ‎21. B 21. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B ‎31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）‎ ‎41. B 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题；51~60小题，每小题2分；61~65小题，每小题1分；共25分）‎ ‎51. B 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. A ‎61. B 62. C 63. B 64. D 65. A 五、补全对话（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）‎ ‎66. F 67.D 68. A 69. C 70. E 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）‎ ‎71. hand in 72. make sense 73. next to 74. paying attention 75. in peace 七、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）‎ ‎76. a computer board 77. build his own computer 78. a company ‎79. was very difficult to work with 80. got very ill 八．综合填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） ‎ ‎81. experience 82. how 83. starts 84. meal 85. prepared ‎86. delicious 87. made 88. whole/winderful 89.electricity 90. about 九．书面表达（本大题共15分） ‎ ‎91. （略）‎