中考英语时态热点考点透视

中考英语时态热点考点透视

中考英语时态热点考点透视 时态是初中英语语法难点，也是中考的重要考点，其考点主要集中在以下几个方面：‎ ‎【考点1】一般现在时的用法考查 一般现在时主要有如下几点用法：1、经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：It seldom snows in Suqian now. 2、现在的特征或状态。例如：He loves sports. 3、普遍真理，一般规律。例如：Light travels faster than sound./ Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 4、可以用来表示一个按规定，计划，安排或时刻表要发生的情况，一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语。通常用来表示学期什么时候要开学、结束；飞机、火车、汽车、船只等交通工具什么时候要到达，什么时候要离开等时刻表上已有安排的活动。动词一般限于少数几个，如：begin, start, stop, arrive, come, go, leave, return, open, close, be等。例如：My plane leaves at ‎11 a.m. tomorrow./ School begins the day after tomorrow. 5、在if, when, as soon as, until, after, before等连接词引导的时间或条件状语从句中，从句中谓语动词要用一般现在时，主句要用将来时。例如：Turn off the light before you leave./ We will start as soon as you are ready. ‎ 关于一般现在时应注意以下几点：a. 在间接引语中，如果转述的是客观真理，一般规律，谚语俗语，一般现在时时态保持不变。例如：He said the earth is round. b. if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的情况；但if作为“是否”意思时，其引导的宾语从句如果表示将来的情况则用一般将来时。When作为“当、、时候”，引导状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的情况，如：When he comes, I will let you know；如果引导的是宾语从句，表示“什么时候”，则将来的情况仍然用一般将来时，如：I don’t know when he will visit me. c. 一些时间副词如seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day等既可以用于过去时，也可以用于一般现在时。要注意区分。例如：He often goes swimming. / He often went swimming in 1999.‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. --Mum, _______ shall we have lunch?‎ ‎--We will have it when your dad_________.（2007年连云港）‎ A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return 简析：A。when在后半句中表示“当、、、时候”，状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来情况，根据后半句应该是问时间的，第一空用时间疑问词when.‎ ‎2. --Tomorrow will be Father's Day. What will you do for your father?‎ ‎ -- I will say "I love you, Daddy" as soon as he _______ up. （2007年南通）‎ A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke 简析：C。as soon as“一、、就、、”，引导时间状语从句。从句中一般现在时表示将来的情况。‎ ‎3. Our teacher said light________ faster than sound. （2007年宿迁）‎ A. travelled B. has travelled C. is travelling D. travels 简析：D。“光比声音传播速度快”是科学真理，在间接引语中一般现在时保持不变。‎ ‎4. --Let’s go fishing if it _______ this weekend.‎ ‎--But nobody knows if it_______.（2006年扬州）‎ A. is fine, will rain B. will be fine, rains C. is fine, rains D. will be fine, will rain 简析：A。前半句中if引导的是条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来；后半句if的意思是“是否”，引导宾语从句，周末下不下雨是未来的事情，用一般将来时。‎ ‎5. --Is your father a doctor? ‎ ‎--Yes, he is. He________ in Town‎ ‎Hospital. (2006年武汉)‎ A. has worked B. had worked C. works D. worked 简析：C。一般现在时在此句中表示现在的一种状态。即“爸爸现在在这所医院工作。”‎ ‎【考点2】现在进行时的用法考查 现在进行时主要有以下用法：1、表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。常见的时间状语：right now, at present, at the moment, now.常见的标志性动词如：look, listen等。例如：Someone is asking for you on the phone. 2、表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。多有一个表示未来时间的状语。这种情况仅限于少量动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return等。例如：--Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. –OK. I’m coming. ‎ 注意：表示状态和感觉的动词如果指现在情况的话，一般不用于进行时，而要用一般现在时。这样的动词有：love, like, hate, want, hope, need, wish, know, understand, remember, belong, hear, see, seem, have(有), sound(听起来), taste（尝起来）等。‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. --Where’s your mother, Helen? ‎ ‎--She________ the flowers in the garden. （2007年镇江）‎ A. waters B. watered C. is watering D. has watered ‎ 简析：C。谈话中问妈妈现在在哪儿，可知妈妈正在花园里给花浇水。‎ ‎2.  --Hurry up! It’s time to leave. --OK, ________.（2006年孝感）‎ A. I’m coming B. I’ll come C. I’ve come D. I come 简析：A。“I’m coming”意思是“我就来”。现在进行时表示最近按安排要进行的动作。‎ ‎3. --Shall we invite Tom to play football now?‎ ‎ --Oh, no. He his clothes.（2006年泸州）‎ A. is washing B. washes C. has washed D. washed 简析：A。上半句对方表示要现在邀请Tom踢足球，但另外一个人说不行，显然，他正在洗衣服现在脱不开身。‎ ‎【考点3】一般过去时的用法考查 一般过去时主要有以下用法：1、表示过去某时发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作）。常见的时间状语有：yesterday, last night/week, a month ago/ ten years ago和具体的过去时间in 1990, in 2006等。例如：She often came to help me when I was in trouble. 2、发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的。例如：How nice to see you here! I thought you were out.‎ ‎ 要注意区分一般过去时和过去进行时。一般过去时表示过去发生的事情，侧重结果；而过去进行时只表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作，而不涉及结果。例如：He was writing a letter last night.（不知道是否写完了） / He wrote a letter last night. (结果写完了)‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. Simon________ his fingers when he was cooking the dinner. （2007年盐城）‎ A. burnt B. was burning C. has burnt D. had burnt 简析：A。burn此处为瞬间动词，表示“烫着”，“当他在做饭的时候，他烫着了手指”，一般过去时在此处表示结果。‎ ‎2. -- I’m sorry you have missed the bus. It_________ five minutes ago. ‎ ‎-- What a pity! （2006年徐州）‎ A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves 简析：C。根据“five minutes ago”可知是指过去的事情，且表示的是结果，用一般过去时。‎ ‎3. --Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch.‎ ‎--My watch！Thank you. Where____ it?（2006年绍兴）‎ A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you finding 简析：C。“发现”的动作为过去的事情，表示过去的结果，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎【考点4】过去进行时的用法考查 ‎ 过去进行时主要有以下用法： 1、谈论过去的某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的事。例如：I was reading the newspaper at 6.30 this morning. 2、当过去某一件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行。此时，延续性动词用过去进行时，瞬间动词用一般过去时。例如：The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 3、可以表示从过去某个时候看来将要发生的事。例如：When his son arrived, the old man was dying.‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. -- I came to your home yesterday afternoon, but nobody was in.‎ ‎ -- Oh, we_______ some shopping in the supermarket.（2007年南通） ‎ A. have done B. did C. were doing D. are doing 简析：C。根据对话，可知在对方到他们家时，他们当时正在超市购物。‎ ‎2. --What do you think of the colour of my new dress?‎ ‎ --Sorry, but what did you say? I_________ about something else. （2007年扬州）‎ A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking 简析：D。第二个说话者没有听见对方说什么，可知对方说话时，此人正在考虑别的事情。过去进行时表示一个动作发生时，另外一个动作正在进行。‎ ‎3. I my homework while my parents TV last night.（2006年南京）‎ A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watching C. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching 简析：B。做作业和看电视均为延续性动词，而且是在过去同时进行的两个动作，所以都用过去进行时。‎ ‎【考点5】现在完成时的用法考查 现在完成时主要有以下用法：1、谈论开始于过去某个时候而且持续到现在的一个动作。例如：Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. 2、‎ 谈论过去发生的动作，并且和现在存在联系。即过去的某个动作对现在产生影响。Eddie has eaten my food. (Eddie ate the food and now Hobo has nothing to eat.) 但是如果单纯谈一个过去的动作，不涉及它对现在的影响时，通常用一般过去时。‎ 现在完成时常见的时间状语有：for+一段时间；since+过去的某个时间；so far, yet, recently, over/in the last/past +一段时间；（once, twice, ）three…times, never, ever, up to now, these days例如：I haven’t seen him these days./ Have you ever seen each other before?‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1．--Hello，this is Lily speaking．Could I speak to Mr. Black?‎ ‎ --Sorry．He______ the Xuanwu‎ ‎Lake Park．（2007年南京）‎ A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to 简析：C。说话者此时不在，说明此时已去了玄武湖公园，用现在完成时表示到目前为止还在持续的动作。has been to表示已去过某个地方，而现在不在那个地方了。‎ ‎2. --Would you like to see the film with me?‎ ‎--I’m sorry I __________it twice. （2007年北京）‎ A. see B. will see C. have seen D. am seeing 简析：C。从twice可知说话者已看过这部电影两次了。表示到目前的结果，用现在完成时。‎ ‎3. In the past few years there great changes in my hometown.（2007年天津）‎ A. have been B. were C. had been D. are ‎ 简析：A。over/in the last/past +一段时间为现在完成时的时间状语。‎ ‎4. --Kitty, will you go to see the film -Cold‎ ‎Mountain this evening?‎ ‎--No, I won’t. I it already. （2006年南京）‎ A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see 简析：B。用现在完成时表示过去的行为对现在造成影响。不去看电影的原因是因为已经看过了。‎ ‎【考点6】过去完成时的用法考查 过去完成时表示过去某个行为或某件事发生之前就已经发生的动作或情况。例如：Hepburn had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. --Did you see Mr. Chen yesterday afternoon? ‎ ‎--No. When I got to school, he_______ already. （2006年扬州）‎ A. left B. has left C. was leaving D. had left 简析：D。到达学校为过去的动作，在这个行为发生之前陈老师已离开了。过去完成时表示过去的过去。‎ ‎【考点7】将来时的用法考查 表示将来时态的结构很多。主要有以下几类：1、be going to do…表示计划, 打算做某事，例如：I’m going to visit my grandparents next Friday evening.也可以表示根据目前情况很可能要发生的事。例如：It’s cloudy. It’s going to rain.‎ ‎ 2、一般现在时，可以用来表示一个按规定，计划，安排或时刻表要发生的情况，一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语。例如：My cousin finishes school next year. 3、现在进行时可以表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。例如：Are you going to the wetlands photo show next week? 4、一般将来时，will/ shall do..，在第一人称I/ We的句子中，可以用shall引导；各种人称都可以用will表示一般将来时。 ‎ ‎ 注意：1、时间，条件状语从句中，从句一般用一般现在时表示将来，而主句要用一般将来时。例如：I will go shopping when I am free. 2、临时决定要做某事通常用一般将来时。例如：--Tom is ill in hospital. –Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. I will go and see him. 3、将来时态常见的时间状语有：常见的时间状语：next Tuesday, next week, the coming Sunday, this afternoon, tomorrow, tonight等。‎ ‎【中考链接】‎ ‎1. --“Ann is in hospital.”‎ ‎ --“Yes, I know. I________ her tomorrow.” （2007年盐城）‎ A. visit B. used to visit C. will visit D. am going to visit ‎ 简析：D。从Yes, I know.可知对方事先已知道Ann生病的消息，已有了去看望她的计划和打算。be going to do表示计划打算做某事。‎ ‎2. Mr. Smith__________ a talk on country music next Monday. （2007年北京）‎ A. give B. gave C. has given D. will give 简析：D。next Monday为一般将来时的时间状语。‎ ‎3. –You’ve left the light on．‎ ‎ --Oh, sorry．_______and turn it off．(2006年泰州)‎ A. I’ve gone B. I’11 go C. I went D. I’m going 简析：B。经人提醒才知道，应为临时决定要去做某事，用一般将来时。‎ ‎4. --Joan, you are late! --Sorry, I ______ next time. (2006年浙江)‎ A. don’t B. won’t C. am not D. haven’t 简析：B。next time是将来的时间状语。表示以后不会再迟到了，所以应用一般将来时。‎ ‎【模拟训练】‎ I.‎‎ 单项填空。‎ ‎1. --When will you come to see me, Dad?‎ ‎ --I will go to see you when you ________ the training course.‎ A. finished B. finish C. are finishing D. will finish ‎2. --Where’s your brother? ‎ ‎--He for France for further studies.‎ A. had left B. has left C. 1eft D. will leave ‎3. If you _______ him tomorrow, please ask him if he_______ to work on the farm with us. A. see; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go 4. --I won’t go to bed until the TV play _ over.‎ ‎--You’d better not do that. ‎ A. is B. was C. will D. will be ‎5. --They _ about the coming Olympic Games in Beijing. Let’s join them. ‎ ‎--Good idea.‎ A.talk B.are talking C.have talked D.talked ‎6. --Where did you put your bag?‎ ‎ --Oh, I_______ I put it on the chair because the phone rang as I_______ in. ‎ A. remembered; come B. remembered; was coming ‎ C. remember; come D. remember; was coming ‎7. --When______ you_______ the e-dictionary? ‎ ‎--Last month.‎ A. have; bought B. had; bought C. do; buy D. did; buy ‎8. --Is that Mr. Lu speaking?‎ ‎ --Sorry, he isn’t in. He abroad on business.‎ A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go ‎9. --I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station to meet my friend.‎ ‎--I suppose you________ too fast.‎ A. drive B. are driving C. drove D. were driving ‎10. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ________________ in China since ten years ago.‎ A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed ‎11. --Don’t turn on my computer while I’m away.‎ ‎-- .‎ A. I shouldn’t B. I haven’t C. I won’t D. I don’t ‎12. --What do you do?‎ ‎ --I’m a salesman. I_______ in a company in Nanjing. I like my job a lot.‎ A. work B. had worked C. will work D. worked ‎13. --When are you leaving?‎ ‎ --My plane__________ at 10:30.‎ A. takes off B. took off C. has taken off D. will take off ‎14. --Have you ever been to Australia?‎ ‎ --Yes, I_________ there alone three times in 2006.‎ A. have been B. have gone C. went D. had gone ‎15. He works as a teacher now, but he________ on a farm for three years.‎ A. worked B. has worked C. had worked D. works ‎ II. 用括号中单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. The children will climb the hill if it_____________ (not rain) tomorrow.‎ ‎2. Mr. King told his students that the sun_________ (go) up in the east.‎ ‎3. --Haven’t I told you I like coffee without sugar? ‎ ‎--Sorry, but I only___________(put) a little.‎ ‎4. Don’t be noisy. Mum____________(talk) with the guest in the sitting room.‎ ‎5. --Why didn’t you come and open the door for me, dear?‎ ‎ --Oh, sorry, I _______________ (cook) in the kitchen. I didn’t hear you.‎ ‎6. --How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?‎ ‎ --I______________(finish) my homework, Mom.‎ ‎7. --Do you want to see the film“Harry Potter II”?‎ ‎ --The film “Harry Potter II”? I______ _ (see) it. It’s really wonderful.‎ ‎8. By the time he arrived at the stop, the 8 o’clock bus_____________(leave). So he had to wait for the next bus.‎ ‎9. I wonder if he______________(join) us in the discussion tonight. ‎ ‎10. When I arrived, he________________(leave). So we only had a few words together.. ‎ 参考答案：‎ I．1-5BBDAB 6-10DDCDD 11-15CAACA II．1. doesn’t rain 2. goes 3. put 4. is talking 5. was cooking 6. have finished 7. have seen 8. had left 9. will join 10. was leaving