初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与答案

初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与答案

状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1.时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如：Itwasraininghard（rainhard下大雨）whenIgottoschoolyesterday.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalong（沿着走）thelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout（熄灭）.Let’swaituntiltherainstops.Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.Don’tgetoff（从下来）untilthebusstops.【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续）。固定组合里frommorningtillnight，till/until是不能替换的，】2.条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如：Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifIamfreetomorrow.Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.3.原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.Asitisraining,weshallnot（不得；不应该）gothezoo.9\nSinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：------Whyaren’tgoingthere?------BecauseIdon’twantto.Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4.结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。例如：Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+形容词（副词）+that+从句”。例如：Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyever（几乎不，从来不）seeher.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.（天花板）Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。例如：Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinema（去看电影）withyou.5.比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如：TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.9\n6.目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat（为了，以便）引导。例如：Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)7.让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如：Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.应该说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.8.地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：类别　　　　　　　　连　　　　词时间状语从句　　when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till,once（一旦）地点状语从句　　where,wherever原因状语从句　　because,since,as,for,nowthat（既然，由于）etc.（etcetera，等于andsoon）目的状语从句　　inorderthat(为了，以便),sothat,that,etc.结果状语从句　　so…that,sothat,such…that,that,etc.条件状语从句　　if,unless,as(so)longas,etc.让步状语从句　　though,although,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever,as,etc.比较状语从句　　as…as,so…as,than,etc.方式状语从句　　as,asif,asthough,etc.练习一一.单项填空1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe9\n3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,the_______mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。9\nIamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.3.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.6.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.他长大后相当一名记者。Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.8.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.10.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.练习二1Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;until3Iwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when4He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;toC.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to5He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is6Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if7.Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto8.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.Leaves9\n9.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came10.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought"'11.Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft12.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see13.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang14.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread15.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone16.Tom___Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat17.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway19.I___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow20.ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if22MayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so23___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For24___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After25I'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether26Thereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as9\n27.-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggeras28.Suzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than29.Ironismoreuseful___anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.so30.Iwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which31.Youaresuretopasstheexam___youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since32.I'llgotoseethefilmwithyou___Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when33.___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except34.Althoughitwasraining,_____stillworkedinthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey35___therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,___theywentonfighting.A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/36___sheisveryold,___shecanstillworkeighthoursaday.A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;yetD.Though;yet37.Pleaseanswerthequestioninaloudenoughvoice___alltheclassmayhear.A.so,thatB.orC.inorderthatD.and38.Liftitup___Imayseeit.A.thoughB.sothatC.asD.than39.Ihurried___Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.soB.sothatC.ifD.unless40.Weshouldgobybus___wecangetthereearlier.A.assoonasB.whereC.inorderthatD.as41Thedictionaryissoexpensive___Ican'tbuyit.A.becauseB.whenC.thatD.if42Igotthere___late___Ididn'tseehim.A.too;toB.such;thatC.so;thatD.so;as43Itis___hotintheroom___wehavetogooutforawalk.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.as;asD.such;as44Hehas___aninterestingbookthatwewanttoreadit.A.soB.suchC.thesameD.as9\n练习一答案一.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit’s9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill练习二参考答案：1-5BDBAD6-10ACDBD11-15BCBAC16-20BBDBC21-25ABBCC26-30DABBA31-35ACCCD36-40DCBBC41-44CCBB初中英语状语从句专项语法习题 I. 填入适当的引导词 1. I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America.  2. He won't be here _____ he is invited. 3. He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy.   4. We found the key _____ she had left it. 5. We found the books two days ____ he had gone away. 6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left. 7. He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman.  8. He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand. 9. Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test.  10. She sang ______ she went along. II. 改错 1. The children were running on the playground as fast as they can. 2. Since her husband had died，so she had to support  her family. 3. He won't go out until his mother will come. 4. He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam.5. Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home. 6. It was three months since he came to our school.  7. The playground of our school is larger than their school. 8. The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai. 9. Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green. 10. She sings songs as if she is a bird.III. 填入适当的引导词完成句子 1. ____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office.  2. ___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided.3. The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock. 4. ______ the day went on，the weather got worse. 5. _____ she is young，she knows quite a lot.  6. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey. 7. You will be late ____ you leave immediately.8. Go and get your coat. It's ______ you left it. 9. ______ is mentioned above，the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. 10. ____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang.IV. 改错 9\n1. Is this the watch for which he is looking now？  2. This is all which I can do for you. 3. Do you know the old man at the back of the room，whom has been chosen head of the factory. 4. I want to know the way which you learn new words.  5. Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here？ 6. Our school quite different from that it was before.  7. If she likes the present is not clear to me. 8. For she is ill，she hasn't come to school.  9. It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale. 10. He is cleverer than any boy in his class.参考答案： I、1. since2. unless3. because4. where5. after6. than7. as if8. so that 9. before10. as II、1. can 改为could  2. 去掉so  3. will come改为 comes  4. very改为 so  5. as soon as 改为when  6. was 改为is  7. than 之后加上that of   8. than   后加 those in   9. whatever改为 wherever  10. is改为 were III1. Whoever 2. Who 3. until 4. As 5. Although 6. that 7. unless 8. where 9. As 10. Hardly，when（No sooner，than） IV、1. for  放在looking 之后  2. which 改为 that   3. whom 改为who  4. which改为 how  5. that改为 whether  6. that 改为what  7. If改为 Whether  8. For改为Because  9. so改为 such  10.any 后加other9